GALOIS THEORY: PROBLEM SHEET 1 (1i) Using Euclids algorithm, nd the greatest common divisor of the following pair

of polynomials over F = F7 : f (t) = t7 4t6 + t3 3t + 5 (ii) Do the same for the pair over F = Q: f (t) = t7 t3 + 5 and g(t) = t3 + 7. and g(t) = 2t3 2

(2) Show that the following are equivalent for an ideal I of F [t]. (i) I is maximal; (i) I is prime; (iii) I = (p(t)) with p(t) F [t] an irreducible polynomial. (3) Prove Gausss lemma: let p(t) Z[t] be a polynomial with integer coecients, whose coecients are relatively prime. Then p(t) is irreducible over Z if and only if it is irreducible over Q. [The same proof works to show the same statement with Z replaced by a unique factorization domain, and Q replaced by the eld of fractions of A]. (4) If A is an integral domain, we constructed in class the eld of fractions K of A, which contains A as a subring. (i) Show that A K satises the following universal property: for any injective ring homomorphism : A L with L a eld, there exists a unique eld homomorphism such that is equal to when restricted to A. : K L

(ii) Show that the eld of fractions K of A is characterized by (i) up to unique isomorphism. More precisely, show that if A K satises the universal property in (i), then there exists a unique eld isomorphsim j : K K which is the identity map when restricted to A. Thus, the eld of fractions of A is, up to isomorphism, the smallest eld containing A as a subring. (5) Consider the following subelds K of C. Determine the degree of K over Q and nd a basis K as a vector space over Q in each case. (a) Q( 3, 5); (b) Q(3 5); (c) Q( 2 + 3).
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GALOIS THEORY: PROBLEM SHEET 1

(d) Q( p1 , ...., pr ) where pi s are distinct prime numbers. (6) If K/F is a eld extension, say that K/F is a simple extension, if there exists K such that K = F (). Decide if the following eld extensions of Q are simple: (a) Q( 3, 5); (b) Q( 2, 3, 5); (c) R (Hint: show that a simple extension of a countable eld is countable). (7) For a eld extension K/F , show that [K : F ] is nite if and only if there exist nitely many elements 1 , ..., r in K which are algebraic over F such that K = F (1 , ..., r ). (8) Let K/F be a nite extension and let p(t) be an irreducible polynomial over F . If deg(p) and [K : F ] are relatively prime, show that p(t) has no roots in K . (9a) Does there exist a nite eld with 8 elements? (b) Does there exist a nite eld with 15 elements? (10) For which of the following polynomials m(t) do there exist a eld extension K = F () of F such that has minimal polynomial m(t) over F ? (b) F = F3 and m(t) = t2 + 1. (a) F = R and m(t) = t2 + 4t 29. (c) F = Fp and m(t) = t29 + 1.