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MET 107 Homework 19 Charts & Trendlines

In strength of materials, you will learn that normal stress in an axially loaded bar is constant as long as the cross-section of the bar is constant. If a hole is drilled through a bar that is axially loaded, then a stress concentration or increase in stress occurs. To find the maximum stress in the bar, the normal stress is multiplied by a stress concentration factor which is found from a graph. A typical stress concentration factor chart is shown on page 3. You are to build a worksheet that will compute the nominal and maximum normal stress in an axially loaded bar having a hole in the center as shown in the figure below. d

F Thickness = t

Create an input area so that the user can key-in the values for the bar width, w and thickness, t as well as the diameter of the hole, d and the applied load, F. The bar dimensions should be given in units of inches or millimeters. Use the Validation method to force the user into one of these two units. The load can be applied in pounds or Newtons, depending on what length units are specified. If inches are chosen, the units should be in pounds. The force should be in Newtons if the length units are millimeters. Write a cell formula to compute the nominal normal stress, nom in the bar. The units of stress for pounds and inches is psi and for Newtons and millimeters, its MPa (megapascals).

nom =

F (w d ) t

Using Curve A on the chart shown on page 3, determine a list of coordinates (d/w, Kt). Manually choose your data (x & y values) from the chart and key-in the values into your worksheet. Plot the data rd on an XY(Scatter) chart showing only the data markers. Add a trendline (3 order polynomial) to the data series. Your data set should include a d/w values from 0 to .78 Use the procedure detailed on page four of this document to make sure your data set is accurate. Create a cell formula to compute d/w based on the input values, this is to be shown on the spreadsheet. Create a cell formula containing the equation from the trendline in the chart and use it to compute the stress concentration factor for the computed d/w ratio. Write a cell formula to compute the maximum normal stress in the bar using the formula:

max = Kt(nom)
Complete the Data for d/w vs Kt Curve (A), column 3 where we are now calculating Kt for every d/w Kt(manually read) data pair. These values should match within +/- .05. Column 2 (Manual entry) should be formatted to two places, column 3 (Calculated) should be formatted to three places.

107-H19-Trendline&StressConcentration.docx 3/29/2013

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Note the space before the unit designation

Make sure that Excel computes the Kt value

Your original chart can go in this area

Copy your chart (with equation and R ) on a page by itself so that the font prints correctly. o Show the data markers as black dots. o The trendline should be set to 2pt. 2 o Display the equation and R values for the trendline on the Title of the chart. The equation will be y equals some function of x, y = f(x). In this equation, y is the stress concentration factor, Kt and x is the ratio d/w. o The axis text should print as 10 point and the titles should print as 12 point text. o The Y axis should range from 2 to 3. o The X axis should range from 0 to .8 o Display major and minor gridlines in the same fashion as the scanned chart. 2 o The main graph title (above the equation and R ) should be Stress Concentration Factor. o Include your name and course in the header. o Print the chart Input the following parameters (Case 1) and print your worksheet using the Grid and Header macro (no chart) F = 1000 lbs, w = 2 in., d = 1 in, t = .5 in. Do hand calculations (using the data set from the bullet directly above) on engineering paper to verify your spreadsheet. Manually pick the Kt value from the chart. Input the following parameters (Case 2) and print your worksheet using the Grid and Header macro (no chart) F = 30,000 N, w = 150 mm, d = 20 mm, t = 10 mm. Print out your cell formulas (case 2 only) using the Copy Cell Formulas macro. Staple the sheets in the following order: Worksheet (F = 1000 lbs), Hand Calculations, Worksheet (F = 30,000 N), Excel Chart, Word document of the overlayed charts, Cell formulas.

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Chart scanned from Applied Strength of Materials, Mott, Robert, Prentice Hall, 4 Ed.
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th

Procedure for checking the accuracy of your regressed curve vs. the published one: 1) Use the snipping tool and cut/paste a portion of the published curve into a Word document. 2) Change the color of the regressed curve to red in Excel. Use the snipping tool and cut/paste a portion of your new curve defined in Excel into the same Word document.

3) Use the Color option to set the transparency of the white pixels of the new curve image. 4) Resize (modify the aspect ratio of the new curve image) until it matches with the underlying published curve grid lines. 5) Note that the scanned graph (published) does not have the axis perfectly aligned horizontally and vertically. You will have to use a happy medium when locating the new curve. 6) If the curves do not overlay each other, make some modifications to your data set and re-import a new snipped image to repeat the process. 7) The result should appear as shown below (send this Word document to the printer):

Only include the portion of the graph outlined in red above

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