3.1.1. Condenser: Finned type air cooled condenser with 4 rows and 17 passes is installed.

Condenser has 14 fins per inch. Fig 3.3 shows the schematic of fin type air cooled condenser. The condenser load is the total heat rejected at the condenser. It includes both the heat absorbed in evaporator and the energy equivalent of the work of compression in compressor. Since the work of compression per unit refrigerating capacity depends on compression ratio, the quantity of heat rejected at the condenser per unit refrigerating capacity varies with the operating condition of the system. The condenser load is given by formula [5], Condenser load = Compressor capacity heat rejection factor The heat rejection factor for suction cooled hermetic compressor at 7.2 C evaporating temperature and 55 C condensing temperature is, 1.2779 Condenser load = 5.25 1.2779 Q = 6.7089 kW

Figure 3.3: Schematic of 4 rows fin type air cooled condenser. The details of the condenser available are as follows: Height of fins, H= 0.425 m Width of fins, W = 0.0875 m

Finned length, Lfin = 0.55 m Number of fins per m, Nfin = 306 Thickness of fin, tfin = 0.510-3 m Number of rows, Nr = 4 Number of Passes, Np = 17 Outer radius of tube, ro = 4.76 10-3 m Inside radius of tube, ri = 4.05 10-03 m Mean radius of tube, rm = 4.405 10-03 m Thickness of tube, t = 0.71 10-3 m The condenser capacity is checked by using following formula [6], Q = Uo Ao T Where, Uo = Overall heat transfer coefficient based on outside area in W/m2 C Ao = Outside area of tube, m2 T = L.M.T.D for condenser The overall heat transfer coefficient can be obtained by using following formula [7],

Where, ha = Air side heat transfer coefficient, W/m2 C Ap = Prime area, m2 = Fin effectiveness Ae = Extended area of fins, m2 t = Thickness of tube, m k = Thermal conductivity of tube metal, W/ m C Am= Mean circumferential area of tube, m2 hi = Refrigerant side (inside) heat transfer coefficient of tube, W/m2 C Ai = Inside area of tube, m2

Figure 3.4: Schematic illustration of overall heat transfer coefficient Figure 3.4 shows schematic illustration of overall heat transfer coefficient. Now Ao = 2 ro Nr Np Lfin = 2 4.76 10-03 4170.55 = 1.1186 m2 Am = 2 rm Nr Np Lfin = 2 4.405 10-03 4170.55 = 1.035 m2 Ai = 2 ri Nr Np Lfin = 2 4.05 10-03 4170.55 = 0.9517 m2 Now, air side heat transfer coefficient is obtained by formula [7], ha= 38 (Va)0.5 where, Va = Face velocity in m/sec as measured by anemometer Face velocity at 240Volts supplied to fan motor is, 1.81m/sec [1] ha = 38 (1.81)0.5

= 51.12 W/m2 C Now, Ap = Ao- (2 ro Nfin tfin) = 1.1186 (2 4.76 10-3 308 0.510-3) = 1.114 m2

Figure 3.5: Effectiveness of a circular plate fin of uniform thickness. To determine fin effectiveness from Fig 3.5 two values essential [8]. where, re = External radius of equivalent annular fin, m ri = Internal radius of equivalent annular fin, m k = Thermal conductivity of fin material (aluminum), W/m C y = Half thickness of fin, m Now, dimensions of plate fin are 0.02236 m 0.0175 m and are

= 0.01116 m

= 2.755 For aluminum, k = 202 W/m C

= 0.2017 From figure 3.5, = 0.97 Ae = Extended area, m2

= 22.29 m2 From section 3.2.7, Mass flow rate through condenser, m = 1.4072 kg/min = 0.0245 kg/sec At condensing temperature 55 C, Viscosity, = 1.433 10-5 Pa.sec Density, = 97.9 kg/m3 Specific heat at constant pressure, Cp = 1198.14 J/kg K Thermal conductivity, k = 0.01498 W/m K Velocity of refrigerant, Vr =

= 4.87 m/sec Reynolds Number, Re =

=
= 268669.03

Prandtl Number, Pr =

=
= 1.146

Heat transfer coefficient at refrigerant side [8], hi = 0.023 = 0.023 = 981.42 W/m2. K Now,

Uo Ao= 463.91W/m2.K Now LMTD for Evaporator-I,

( where,

Thi = Refrigerant temperature at inlet of condenser = 77 C Tho = Refrigerant temperature at outlet of condenser = 55 C Tci = Air temperature at inlet = 30 C

Tco = Air temperature at outlet = 35 C

( = 32.76C Using formula [6], = 463.91 32.76

=15197.69 W = 15.197 kW Required Q = 6.7089 kW Hence condenser is of sufficient capacity. Selected condenser has specifications as follows: Type: Fin type condenser Cooling type: Air cooled type Size: 1722 No. of rows: 4 Availability: Scarp