Answers to Materials and Heat Treatment Board Exam Review Questions

1. A term referring to steels that has been deoxidized completely. B. Killed steel Rimmed steels are incompletely deoxidized. 2. Because of physical or chemical changes, some metals lose their ductility. What term refers to this process? A. Embrittlement 3. This is a property of some materials that enables them to accommodate huge deformation without breaking/rupture. B. Plasticity 4. A type of cast iron in which most of the Carbon is chemically combined with iron. B. White Cast Iron Or sometimes called White Iron 5. Substances that wear other substances that is softer than itself. A. Abrasive 6. An aluminum ore. D. Bauxite 7. The most commonly used material for springs. D. Music wire 8. The referring to the brittleness of steel while it is red hot C. Red shortness 9. Materials that has the same properties in all directions. A. Isotropic materials 10. Alloyed with steel, this material promotes fine grain structure and improved the ratio of endurance strength to ultimate strength. D. Vanadium

1. An alloy of copper and nickel. B. Monel 2. A light and non-magnetic metal with a better strength-to-weight ratio than any other metal at room temperature, and is used in corrosive environment applications. B. Titanium 3. A heat treatment process that promotes uniformity of structure and properties of steel. C. Normalizing 4. A heat treatment process that reduces internal stresses, caused by machining, cold working, or welding. B. Stress Relieving 5. A heat treatment process used to soften the steel for improved machinability and improve or restore ductility for subsequent forming operations. A. Annealing 6. The ability of certain materials to absorb vibrations. C. Damping Capacity 7. Materials that have the same structure at all points are said to be D. Homogeneous 8. These are flexible materials that can be stretched up to about double their length at room temperature and can return to their original length when released. D. Elastomers 9. It is a measure of the amount of light transmitted through a given material under specific conditions. A. Opacity 10. Major alloying element of stainless steels. C. Chromium

1. A special alloy of lead and tin that is commonly used in bearing applications. B. Monel 2. It is the load-bearing characteristics of a material under relative motion. D. Lubricity 3. Annealing in such a way that some or all of the carbon is precipitated as graphite. A. Graphitizing 4. It is used to designate the relatively soft central portion of certain hardened tool steels. A. Core 5. It is the prolonged heating of a metal at a selected temperature. D. Soaking 6. In heat treatment process, it is the critical or transformation point at which pearlite structure is transformed into austenite structure. B. Decalescence point 7. A case- hardening process whereby steel is heated in a carbon rich environment. C. Carburizing 8. A term used to refer to the product of the blast furnace and is made by the reduction of iron ore. A. Pig iron 9. It is a type of steel that owes its distinctive properties chiefly to the carbon it contains. C. Carbon steels 10. It is the deterioration of a material or its properties due to its chemical reaction with the environment. C. corrosion