SVOBODA

Український Щоденник Ukrainian Daily

РІК Li. Ч. 227. VOL. LI. N o . 227.

II.

Dedicated to the needs and interest of young Americans of Ukrainian descent.

No. 45 J E R S E Y C I T Y , N . J . , S A T U R D A Y , N O V E M B E R 20, 1943 . VOL. X I

Congress Committee's^Coming Air Force Major Gets Reported Missing

War- Bond Drive Merit Award Technical Sergeant Andrew A .
D y k e , 22, U k r a i n i a n by descent, o f
M a j o r W a l t e r S h e g d a , 25, U k r a i n ­ t h e A r m y A i r F o r c e , h a s been re­
A s has been already noted on these pages several times, i a n b y descent, o f t h e A r m y A i r ported m i s s i n g in t h e European
:the recently reorganized Ukrainian Congress Committee of F o r c e A t t a c k G r o u p in N e w G u i n e a , t h e a t r e since O c t o b e r 9, a c c o r d i n g t o
h a s been a w a r d e d t h e L e g i o n o f M e r i t a t e l e g r a m - r e c e i v e d f r o m t h e w a r d e ­
America has as one of its chief objectives the coordination M e d a l , it w a s a n n o u n c e d i s c e n t l y b y p a r t m e n t b y h i s p a r e n t s , M r . a n d
l*and intensification of the war effort among Americans of U k ­ t h e W a r D e p a r t m e n t in W a s h i n g t o n , M r s . S t e p h e n D y k e o f 12 C e n t r e
rainian extraction. T o that end it has established two divisions according to the Cleveland Plain avenue, E a s t R o c k a w a y , L o n g Island,
of itself. The first is the National W a r Fund Division, headed D e a l e r , sent t o t h e W e e k l y b y S t e l l a N . Y .
by J o h n Panchuk of 5911 H a r v a r d Road, Detroit, Mich. The Palivoda. H i s sister P a u l i n e , received a V -
second is the W a r Bond Division, headed by D r . Walter Gallan M a j o r W a l t e r S h e g d a , son o f M r . m a i l l e t t e r f r o m h i m d a t e d O c t o b e r
a n d M r s . S h e g d a , 11206 G r e e n w i c h 9, e v i d e n t l y written before he set o u t
of 1134 Atwood Road, Philadelphia, P a . A call from the A v e n u e S . E . , C l e v e l a n d , O h i o — b o t h on his fateful mission.
former division to contribute to the National W a r Fund ap­ of whom are active members of the D y k e had extensive aerial and
peared here two weeks ago. A n announcement of the W a r Bond U k r a i n i a n c o m m u n i t y in C l e v e l a n d — ¦ g r o u n d crew t r a i n i n g before P e a r l
Division was released to the press just a few days ago. v o l u n t a r i l y p a r t i c i p a t e d in 14 c o m ­ H a r b o r , the N a s s a u R e v i e w - S t a r re-
bat m i s s i o n s between O c t o b e r 2, 1942
In that announcement, D r . Gallan stresses the very im­ a n d A u g u s t 18, 1943, in w h i c h period
portant role the sale of W a r Bonds is playing in bringing he pioneered in t a k i n g o f m i n i m u m
nearer the day of victory for our country. Americans of U k ­ altitude oblique photographs and
proved t h e v a l u e o f t h i s m e t h o d of
rainian descent, he says, are regularly and conscientiously buy­ intelligence p h o t o g r a p h y now widely
ing W a r Bonds, and their record in this respect is very good. used, t h e c i t a t i o n said.
Their purchases, however, can become even greater if they are T h e N e w N e w D e a l e r f u r t h e r re­
coordinated on a national scale. T h a t is the purpose of the p o r t s t h a t M a j o r S h e g d a a l s o w a s
W a r Bond Division of the Ukrainian Congress Committee of c o m m e n d e d for his careful p l a n n i n g
"America. ^ A s chairman of that division, the announcement a n d c o m p r e h e n s i v e briefing o f c o m ­
further reads, Dr. Gallan presented a plan of action to the dbat c r e w s w h i c h resulted in his g r o u p
i s t i n g u i s h i n g itself for the a c c u r a c y
executive board of the Congress Committee, which unanimously ; o f i t s b o m b i n g a n d strafing f r o m
approved that plan. It envisages— t r e e t o p level.
(1) The First Ukrainian American W a r Bond Campaign
to be held from J a n u a r y 1,1944 to March 30,1944, in collabora­ D E C O R A T E D F L Y E R H O M E ; I N 25
tion with the U . S. Treasury Department as well as State, NAZI FORAYS
county and municipal W a r Bond committees. Germany, Holland, Belgium, France,
(2) A national committee to conduct that campaign, com­ N o r w a y , D e n m a r k , P o l a n d , a n d U k ­
posed of Ukrainian American representatives of the fraternal raine, where his p a r e n t s were born,
SGT. A N D R E W A . D Y K E
benefit societies, of building and loan associations, and of all h a v e felt t h e e a r t h q u a k i n g b a r · !
r a g e o f a e r i a l b o m b i n g s a n d h a v e ports. W h i l e still a s t u d e n t a t t h e
States in general. h e a r d t h e r a t - a - t a t - t a t m a c h i n e g u n ­ E]ast R o c k a w a y H i g h s c h o o l , h e be­
(3) A permanent record of W a r Bond purchases by U k ­ n i n g o f T e c h . S g t . P e t e r H i g h c o v e o f g a n a v i a t i o n t r a i n i n g a t R o o s e v e l t
rainian Americans, to be compiled on the basis of reports filed 65 A v e n u e B , W o o n s o c k e t , R . I . „ F i e l d . A c t i n g u p o n h i s m o t h e r ' s a d ­
with the W a r Bond Division of the Congress Committee by a c c o r d i n g to local press reports, sent vice, h e t o o k u p f u r t h e r t r a i n i n g i n
to the W e e k l y by M a r i a Kolisnyk. g r o u n d c r e w operations, f o l l o w i n g h i s
the various Ukrainian American communities, fraternal benefit
F l y i n g over contintal Europe on¦ graduation from high school.
<associations, and other organizations. o p e r a t i o n a l missions, S e r g e a n t H i g h - Upon graduation from Roosevelt
(4) The publication of a roll of honor containing the names c o v e n o w w e a r s t h e D|istinguished F i e l d , he a c c e p t e d a civil service posi­
of all the committee members active in the W a r Bond cam­ F l y i n g C r o s s , t h r e e Oaty L e a f c l u s ­ tion a t P a t t e r s o n F i e l d , O h i o , until
paign in their communities, states, and organizations. t e r s , a n d t h e A i r M e d a l . B a c k in t h e o u t b r e a k o f w a r .
t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a f t e r flying f r o m
The announcement further states that various necessary E n g l a n d , P e t e r w a s a n honored g u e s t
BAGS J A P IN AIR BATTLE
forms will be mailed by the W a r Bond Division of the Con­ at a d i n n e r p a r t y in the h o m e o f his
gress Committee tb the different branches of the fraternal be­ p a r e n t s , M r . a n d M r s . G e o r g e H i g h - S e c o n d L i e u t e n a n t T h e o d o r e F o s -
nefit associations, to churches, citizens' clubs, organizations, cove. t a k o w s k i , 43 F e f f e r s street, W o o n ­
In a c h i e v i n g c i t a t i o n s w o r t h y o f socket, R . I . , o f U k r a i n i a n descent,
societies and clubs* of all sorts, and to individuals as well. A l l
t h e D i s t i n g u i s h e d F l y i n g C r o s s , S g t . w a s credited with s h o o t i n g down a
these organizations are therefore urged by D r . Gallan to send H i g h c o v e w a s one o f a c r e w o f 10 J a p a n e s e p l a n e in the d e v a s t a t i n g
to the W a r Bond Division their names and addresses, in order m e n a b o a r d a A - 1 7 b o m b e r on 25 a t t a c k e a r l y t h i s m o n t h on the N i p ­
that they may receive in return the necessary forms and direc­ t r i p s o v e r e n e m y t e r r i t o r y . A f t e r ponese a i r fleet at R a b a u l , w h i c h left
tions. t a k i n g p a r t in his first five m i s s i o n s the e n e m y planes in s h a m b l e s , ac­
a i m e d at the destruction o f the N a z i s , c o r d i n g t o a d i s p a t c h f r o m N e w
A s can be seen, the plan of the W a r Bond Division of the h e w a s a w a r d e d t h e a i r m e d a l . G u i n e a to the W o o n s o c k e t C a l l .
Congress Committee is an able and comprehensive one. It will, F o r e v e r y five trips thereafter, L i e u t . F o s t a k o w s k i ' s v i c t i m w a s re­
however, require a great deal of work and self-sacrifice on the P e t e r w a s a w a r d e d a n O a k L e a f ported a s one o f the 67 e n e m y in­
part of those charged with the task of conducting the cam­ cluster. H i s D i s t i n g u i s h e d F l y i n g t e r c e p t o r s downed by U n i t e d N a t i o n s
r o s s a n d his r e t u r n to a n u n n a m e d forces. T w e n t y - t h r e e more J a p air­
paign within their organizations, states, and communities. Cbase in t h i s c o u n t r y c a m e a f t e r his c r a f t " p r o b a b l y " were destroyed.
Most of all, it will require on the part of all Americans of 25th b o m b i n g mission.
Ukrainian descent throughout the country the determination A r a d i o m a n , P e t e r h a s seen s u c h a n d t a k e c a r e o f the radio, too. D u r ­
to buy and buy W a r Bonds until it actually hurts. That is the k e y cities a s B r e m e n , F r a n k f u r t , ing our m i s s i o n s , " he added, " w e e n ­
only way we can make the coming First American Ukrainian S c h w e i n f u r t a n d c o u n t l e s s o t h e r s countered plenty o f fighter plane o p ­
War Bond Drive—January 1st to March 30th, 1944—the great blaze f o r t h in t h e w a k e o f a e r i a l position a n d the flak (from anti-air­
bombings by American army a i r c r a f t g u n s ) w a s terrific."
success it deserves and has to be. forces. " Y o u g e t a g r e a t thrill out o f
All communications in this connection should be addressed H e l d responsible for c o m m u n i c a ­ y o u r first trip over the continent, but
^ to D r . Walter Gallan, chairman, W a r Bond Division of Uk­ t i o n s between his base, c o m m a n d i n g it isn't l o n g before y o u find out t h a t
rainian Congress Committee of America, 1І34 Atwood Rd.. officer, o t h e r planes a n d h i s o w n pilot y o u ' r e p l a y i n g for keeps a n d y o u
a n d s h i p , P e t e r r e p o r t s t h a t " n u m e r ­ h a v e t o be on y o u r toes a l l t h e t i m e , "
Philadelphia, P a . ous times we've h a d & « s e the g u n s Peter asserted.

A Shart History of JJkrainia By DR. ALEXANDER
{ F r o m t h e s e r i e s of l e c t u r e s од U k r a i n i a n sub­
jects, sponsored b y the Department of E a s t e r n
European L a n g u a g e s of Columbia~ University
in collaboration with the U k r a i n i a n National
Association, held at the University's Philosophy
H a l l in M a r c h , 1941.)
(Translated by W . Paluk)
| N s t u d y i n g t h e h i s t o r y o f U k r a i n i a n music, it
is n e c e s s a r y first o f a l l t o s p e a k o ¿ t h e p e o -
r
ple's musico-creative faculty, then, separately,
o f t h e folk s o n g , w h i c h p o s s e s s e s a l l t h e n a -
t i o n a l c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s , a n J w h i c h became*, t b e
>
b a s i s f o r U k r a i n i a n m u s i c a l art, b o t h s e c u l a r
and that pertaining to the church.
і л s o n g s . S o t h e . New. Y e a r ' s - S o n g s w e r e , le£t a l -
The musico-«reative genius o f the U k r a i n i a n
>people h a s t a k e n i n t o its. s p h e r e n o t o n l y the
life of a n individual from t h e cradle t o the
g r a v e , b u t a l s o t h e Hfe o f t h e w h o l e n a t i o n i n
all its m a n i f e s t a t i o n s a n d c h a n g e s f r o m pre-
historic t i m e s u p t o t h e p r e s e n t . I n t h e s o -
c a l l e d " R i t u a l S o n g s , " front f a r - r e m o v e d p h a s e s
of our existence, the people's, memory has
b r o u g h t d o w n t o u s e x a m p l e s o f the.. p a g a n
p h i l o s o p h y a n d ritual o f о ц г a n c e s t o r s ; a n d
f r o n \ t¾e first b e g i n n i n g s o f U k r a i n i a n h i s t o r y ,
| paganism bec^xna.«mo¾stin^siiable f r o m U k -
—glimpses of tne Kievan Princedom E r a . I n
y
the "Historical Songs*" we hear reverberations
o£ the, s t o r m s a n d c a t a c l y s m s o f o u r . t r a g i c
1
history; in the " K o z a k D ¾ m y , " the outcries of
captives and the thunder and fanfare of K o -
zak deeds. " W e d d i n g S o n g s " sing the history
of m a r r i a g e f r o m m a t r i a r c h a l , t i m e s ; " C h u m a k
2
Songs** b r i n g u s t h e w i n d s o f t h e e n d l e s s U k -
rainian steppes; religious " P s a l m s and C a n t s "
m o v e u s d e e p l y , wit¾ t h e i r w h o l e - h e a r t e d a n d
naively straight-forward Christian faith and
morality. In the " S o n g s of Ukrainian Home
L i f e , " w e find t h e m o s t c o m p l e t e s c e n e s o f life
in a l l i t s m a n i f e s t a t i o n s , ~ r beautified w i t h l o v e
p o e m s f u l l of m a g i c a n d d e e p f e e l i n g ; o r s p a r k -
l i n g w i t h j o y , h u m o r , a n d s a t i r e in t h e " H u m o r -
o u s S o n g s . " A l l t h e s e h e l p t o e n l i v e n t h e pic-
t u r e o f a life-loving, h e a l t h y people, sensitive,
y e t s t r o n g a n d v i r i l e . W e s h a l l a t t e m p t t o pre-
s e n t , h o w e v e r briefly, t h e m a i n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s
of o u r songs-—the U k r a i n i a n nation*s priceless
treasure.
.... R i t u a l S o n g s
Ritual Songs, as already stated,.take us
back to the d i m and distant pre·historic system
o | b e l i e f s o f t h e U k r a i n i a n people. I n , t n e
r e l i g i o u s o u t l o o k o f t h e U k r a i n i a n o f t h a t period
t h e m a i n role w a s p l a y e d b y t h e s u n a n d b y
those e l e m e n t s o f n a t u r e t h a t e x i s t u n d e r its
influence« T h e w i s h o f t h e first l a n d U l l e r t o en-
t e r i n t o c o n t a c t w i t h s u c h e l e m e n t s g a v e rise
to certain a c t s from which a cult was gradual-
ly e v o l v e d , a n d in these a c t s one o f t h e m a i n
factors w a s singing, which gave character and
tenor (tenus) to the whole ceremony. T h e
s t a b i l i z a t i o n o f t h e s u n ' s p h a s e s in t h e c o u r s e o f
of a y e a r , t h r o u g h winter, s p r i n g , s u m m e r , a n d
autumn, introduced i n t o . the cult a cycle of
annual holidays in honor of the sun and the
f o r c e s o f n a t u r e . T h e s e h o l i d a y s w e r e differently
observed, depending o n t h e i n c r e a s e o r t h e d e -
crease of the creative power of nature under
t h e influence o f t h e s u n ; a n d a l o n g w i t h t h e
change in the character of the holidays, there
w a s a variation in the character of the songs.
T h u s the· songs ecompassed the f o u r seasons
with their four types; winter s o n g s : Koliady
and New Y e a r ' s S o n g s . (Shchedrlvky); the
S p r i n g S o n g s ( o r V e s n i \ v k y , H a h i l k y , Y a h і lky,
T r o y i t c h k y ) ; summer·. K u p a l o or S u m m e r t i m e
S o n g s ; also R n s a l k y Songs, and S t Peter's
F a s t Songs; autumn: Harvest Songs, and Wed­
ding Songs, (although the last named were
sung throughout the year at marriage). W i t h
the passage of time, the details of the holiday
ritual with which the songs were connected
f e l l i n t o d i s u s e a n d r e a p p e a r e d in u n r e c o g n i z e d
f o r m i n n a t i o n a l c u s t o m s , in g a m e s b o t h w i t h
a n d without choral singing, in various m a g i c
p r o n o u n c e m e n t s a n d i m p r e c a t i o n s but, a l o n g
with these archaic excerpts from the past,
t h e r e r e m a i n e d in t h e people's m e m o r y t h e s o n g
t h a t had accompanied the ritual,—fresh, youth­
ful, a l t h o u g h here a n d t h e r e d a r k e n e d w i t h
age and with some accretion. Christianity
h a r m e d s o m e o f these s o n g s in t h i s w a y ; f o r
t h e C h u r c h , fighting a g a i n s t p a g a n i s m b y t h e
m e t h o d o f r e p l a c e m e n t , m a d e its o w n h o l i d a y s
r e s e m b l e t h e p a g a n ones, a n d s t r o v e t o c h a n g e
C h r i s t w a s a d a p t e d to the birth o f t h e S u n -
t h e i r s u b s t a n c e a c c o r d i n g l y . S o t h e N a t i v i t y of
1 s e c o n d i n t e r v a l s , t h e y leave a n i m p r e s s i o n o f
Dumy—plural f o r m of Duma: a K o z a k ' s l a m e n t a ­
tion; a heroic song.
- C h u m a k : a w a g g o n e r , or w a n d e r e r .
KOSHETZ
| e l e m e n t g i v e s . t h e s o n g a -strange t e n o r ( t o n u s )
g o d S v a r o h , the R e s u r r e c t i o n o f C h r i s t t e t h e
awakening of nature from its winter slumber,
remembrance of John, the Baptist to the sum­
mer K u p a l o ceremonies of self-purification
w i t h w a t e r andL· fire,, t h e T r a n s f i g u r a t i o n o f
Christ t o the A u t u m n holidays such a s those
of the harvest, etc.
Q f the C h r i s t i a n h o l i d a y s , the m o s t effective­
ly a d a p t e d t o i t s p a g a n ¡ c o u n t e r p a r t w a s C h r i s t ·
¿f
mas, a s it w a s the m o s t easily u n d e r s t o o d ; a n d
it affected t h e w i n t e r s o n g s — t h e K o l i a d y — m o s t
o£ all... T h e r e s t o i the h o l i d a y s were not s o
e a s y to. e#emnlate,-***d £ h r i s U a n t t y influenced
. little o r . n o t a t a l l the s u b j e c t m a t t e r of their
most unchanged, and the Spring and Kupalo
f
S o n g s w h o l l y u n t o u c h e d . B u t in..the· process
of i n t e r m i n g l i n g o f t h e t w o i d e a s , t h e o l d c o m -
b i n e d w i t h t h e n e w in a s t r a n g e m a n n e r : o n
t h e one h a n d , t h e a n c i e n t p a g a n , c u l t a n d s o n g
took, o n a n e w C h r i s t i a n c h a r a c t e r ; o n t h e
¡ o t h e r h a n d , t h e p a g a n s o n g w i t h i t s colorful ness,
f r e s h n e s s , a n d n a t i o n a l spirit i m p a r t e d a bril-
liancy, attractiveness, and new character to the
C h r i s t i a n hoi iday..... F i n a l l y , . . C h r i s tian ization o f
rainization . o f \ C h r i s t i a n i t y .
Christmas Carole (Koliady)
Qhristmaa C a r o l s are , g u n g f r o m December
i
- 2 5 t h t o J a n u a r y . 7 t h , * thai; i s , f r o m t h e first
day of Christmas tp.Theophany. Originally they
were t h e s o n g s o f t h e a n c i e n t p a g a n c u l t c e l e ·
.brating the wintertime return of; the Sun-god
S v a r o h t o h i s s u m m e r course (winter s o l s t i c e ) .
The, n a m e K o l i a d k a w a s d e r i v e d f r o m c l a s s i c a l
s o u r c e s in t h e t i m e , o f t h e influence o f t¾e s e m i -
a n c i e n t civilized w o r l d on U k r a i n e , t h a t is, be-
tween the second and the eighth centuries
A . D . T h e w i n t e r solstice w a s . o b s e r v e d b y t h e
R o m a n s with c e l e b r a U o n j ^ S a t u r n a l i i — i n honor
of the G o d S a t u r n , a n d by the G r e e k s with
t h e h o l i d a y in h o n o r o f C r o n o s ( t h e g o d o f
h a p p i n e s s ) , finding s u p p o r t in t h e C u l t of t h e
S u n w h i c h w a s i n t r o d u c e d f r o m the E a s t b y
R o m a n l e g i o n n a i r e s , a n d in. t b e £ l e w . Y e a r
K a l e n d s and W o t s . A l l , these celebrations h a d
m u c h in c o m m o n w i t h t h e h o l i d a y s o f o u r a n -
c e s t o r s , a n d w e c a n see w h y t h e n a m e o f t h e
R o m a n K a l e n d s is s o s t r o n g l y , e s t a b l i s h e d i n
our songs. Therefore our Christmas Carols are
of three kinds: pagan, Christian pagan, and
pure Christian. In the p a g a n carols the na-
turalistic element is predominant, is the most
i m p o r t a n t s u b j e c t , a n d t b e a c t i o n is c a r r i e d
o u t b y t h e f o r c e s o f n a t u r e , , w h i c h , in c o n f o r -
mance with animistic philosophy, lives the same
life a s m a n . I n t h e C h r i s t i a n i z e d C a r o l s , t h e
m o s t i m p o r t a n t c h a r a c t e r i s t i c is t h e C h r i s t i a n
t h e m e , t h e p a g a n p e r s o n a l i t i e s p l a y i n g a sec-
o n d a r y , d e c o r a t i v e role. I n t h e later, C a r o l s ,
the B i r t h of C h r i s t is pictured against a back-
ground of U k r a i n i a n decorative properties,
U k r a i n i a n h o m e life, U k r a i n i a n c h a r a c t e r , a n d
a t y p i c a l l y U k r a i n i a n spirit. T h e . p a g a n per-
s o n a l i t i e s t h a t e n t e r i n t o , these, C a r o l s color t | i e
s c e n e w i t h t h e i r s t r a n g e out land ishness a n d
symbolism, and, together with the naive and
i m p r e s s i v e melodies, m a k e t h e s e C a r o l s t h e m o s t
b e a u t i f u l in w o r l d C h r i s t m a s - s o n g literature.
The purely Christian Carols, without the pagan
element, but w i t h U k r a i n i a n p r o p e r t i e s and
melodies, a r e a n i n c o m p a r a b l e t y p e o f n a t i o n -
al C h r i s t m a s h y m n , v e r y c l o s e l y r e s e m b l i n g
C h u r c h m u s i c in c h a r a c t e r , but s u p e r i o r t o it
by dint o f its o r i g i n a l i t y a n d i t s f o l k · s o n g
melodies. L a s t o f a l l , t h e C h u r c h g a v e t h e peo·
p*·c C h r i s t m a s C a r o l s h a v i n g n o n a t i o n a l ele-
m e n t s , u s i n g a t t i m e s folk m e l o d i e s : but t h i s
c l a s s o f C a r o l s is less i n t e r e s t i n g (sometimes
| I
wholly worthless). O f these Carols, which-
e v e r o n e s h a d a folk m e l o d y , t h e people
adopted, and, using them over a n d over again,
gradually made over the subject matter, giv-
ing t h e m t h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s o f folk poesy, so
t h a t s o m e t i m e s o n l y l i t e r a r y r e s e a r c h will re-
v e a l t h e d i s t a n t folk o r i g i n o f s u c h a C h r i s t -
mas Carol.
N e w Y e a r ' s Song«» ( S h c h e d r i v k y )
In subject-matter, character, and aim, U k -
rainian N e w Y e a r ' s S o n g s a r e p a n e g y r i c - c e l e ·
brative N e w Y e a r ' s greetings and wishes. T h e y
are, so to speak, c o m p l e m e n t a r y t o t h e C a r o l s ,
a n d reveal t h e m s e l v e s t o be a n i n t e g r a l p a r t o f
C h r i s t m a s s i n g i n g . M o r e laconic in *size, a n d
poorer in r e g a r d s t o m e l o d y t h a n t h e C a r o l s ,
c o n s t r u c t e d s o m e t i m e s on t h e a n c i e n t first a n d
archaism, also because they are almost un-
affected b y C h r i s t i a n i t y . T h e a n c i e n t p a g a n
element represents their main subject. This
by i t s u s e o f f a n t a s t i c , s y m b o l i s m in i t s s a l u t a -
tions, a n d prophesies; o f u n t o l d w e a l t h a n d
h e a l t h f o r . t h e . . c o m i n g year» I t , . a l s o s e r v e s t o
prove their a g e and purity.
In t | i e c o u r s e o f t h e i r l o n g history, s o m e
pf.them> а*>,even,some Carols, gathered his­
torical data from t h e Princedom E r a , a n d
often paint p r o c e e d i n g s a t t h e R o y a l Court—-
the Prince's guard, marches, and other cere·
8
monies. Merry and happy, they almost seem
to be continuations, or imitations, of t b e a n ­
cient R o m a n W o t s , so m u c h more so since they
a r e a c c o m p a n i e d b y t h e s a m e c u s t o m o f well>
w i s h i n g , t h r o w i n g o f seeds, m a s q u e r a d i n g , mer­
ry quips, etc. A l o n g s i d e these, the people
created entirely-Christian N e w Y e a r ' s Songs,
in which, instead o f fantastic and symbolical
personnages, are Christ, M o t h e r M a r y , angels,
t h e T h r e e S a i n t s , etc., b u t t h e r e f r a i n a l w a y s
remains p a g a n : " O i Dai B o z h e l or " S h c h e · 4
driy v e t c h i r ! D o b r l y v e t c h i r ! " ( " A n e v e n i n g o f
b o u n t i f u l g i f t s ! A fine e v e n i n g ! " ) . T h e s e N e w
Y e a r ' s ' S o n g s a r e s u n g s t a r t i n g at m i d n i g h t ,
N e w Y e a r ' s E v e , a n d a r e n e v e r sung., t o g e t h e r
with the C h r i s t m a s C a r o l s , W h e r e a s i t i s ob­
l i g a t o r y to s i n g C a r o l s c h o r a l l y , N e w Y e a r ' s
Ї S o n g s c a n be s u n g a s a solo. T h e midnight
t h r o w i n g o f s e e d s a f t e r t h e rendition of t h e
N e w Y e a r ' s . S o n g is a l w a y s done with these
w o r d s : . " F o r y o u r happiness, for your health!
M a y G o d bless ybu with a good crop of rye,
. Wheat, and e v e r y t h i n g g o o d ! A n d for u s ~ a
, b µ n (i·¢o~give)!"
r
- m
Spring Songs
T h e r e a w a k e n i n g a n d r e b i r t h of, n a t u r e h a s
been s u n g b y o u r people i n t h e S p r i n g S o n g s ,
\ w h i c h a r e c a l l e d -differently . V e * n i a n k y , Ve¾»ni\v-
. ky, Hahilky, Yabilky, and H a l | . These, songs
h a v e c o m e down to u s f r o m time l o n g p a s t w h o l -
ly, u n i m p a i r e d , ( a l t h o u g h p e r h a p s in modified
form^, along with the choral forms, the games,
the play-acting, and pantomime, with which
t h e y a r e always accompanied, and which are
f r a g m e n t s o f o l d . , f o r g o t t e n p a g a n , ritual. T a k -
ing into consideration everything connected
w i t h it, t h e ritual w a s intended t o c a l l f o r t h
t h e r e p r o d u c t i v e forces of n a t u r e , a n d w a s
similar to ancient Greek Elevsiac mysteries of
t h e g o d d e s s of a g r i c u l t u r e D erne ter ( i n G e r ¯
many-Tl·lOstra), t o t h e E g y p t i a n m y s t e r i e s o f
Oziris, A s i a M i n o r ' s A d o n i s , a n d K i b e l i a , a n d
the R o m a n barbarian cults of A t t i c a and the
Great Mother. - A l t h o u g h the Church adapted
its P a s c h a l H o l i d a y of Christ's Resurrection t o
the S p r i n g celebrations, because o f the incom-
p a t i b i l i t y o f t h e t w o ideas,, C h r i s t i a n i z a t i o n o f
p a g a n i s m did n o t s u c c e e d t o t h e e x t e n t it d i d
in t h e c a s e o f t h e C h r i s t m a s h o l i d a y , e x c e p t
perhaps t h a t Spring S o n g s even today are t o
be h e a r d n e a r a c h u r c h , s o m e t i m e s even i n
the church graveyard. Therefore, even the
pagan nature of the songs was not encroached
u p o n , a n d t h e y r e m a i n pure, w i t h t h e i r o r i g i n a l
s y m b o l i s m and. i m a g e r y , — c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s
animistic philosophy. I n these songs, the action
of¡f
is c a r r i e d o u t b y e x c l u s i v e l y p a g a n e l e m e n t s ,
so t h a t , a l o n g w i t h people, t h i n g s in n a t u r e a p -
p e a r a n d figure in t h e s t o r y it t e l l e , — f a u n a a n d
flora, s u c h a s t h e j a c k - d a w , t h e f a l c o n , t h e
eagle, the rabbit, the quail, the kid, the d r a k e ;
a n d p i n k - c h e r r i e s , a p e a r tree, a willow, c r a n -
berries, p o p p y , c u c u m b e r s , a rose, b a s i l , v i o l e t s ,
poison-herbs, g r a s s , p e r i w i n k l e , e t c . T h e r e a r e
a l s o personnifications o f e v e n t s , even a b s t r a c t
ideas,—Spring water, Green murmurings, Mist,
S p r i n g , W i n t e r , a n d even t h e S p r i n g S o n g
itself in t h e g u i s e o f a y o u n g g i r l . T h e r e a r e
m a y o n t h e s u b j e c t o f love, a n d prophesies o f
m a r r i a g e a b l e c o u p l i n g - u p o f people, t h e t o t a l
effect b e i n g one o f j o y a n d l i g h t . T h e P r i n c e -
dom E r a c o n t r i b u t e d i t s a d d i t a m e n t t o t h e s e
s o n g s , a s it did in t h e c a s e o f t h e C h r i s t m a s
і Carols and New Y e a r ' s Songs; also other his-
t o r i c a l e v e n t s a n d ha*ppenings. F o r e x a m p l e ,
we find m i m i c k e d t h e o c c a s i o n o f t h e K i n g s
siege of a town (The K i n g g a m e ) , and the
t a b l e a u o f t h e c r o w n i n g of P r i n c e D a n i i o in
G a l i c i a (1211 A . D . ) in w h i c h is m e n t i o n e d t h e
name of his father, the V o l h y n i a n Prince R o ­
m a n ( V o r o t a r g a m e ) , or the later siege b y
K h m e l n i t s k y o f Z b a r a z h , in w h i c h P r i n c e J e r e ­
my V y s h n e v e t s k y had locked himself up (1649).
One might further add that the Spring S o n g s
a r e s u n g o n l y b y g i r l s , a n d in u n i s o n a t t h a t ,
w i t h s h o r t h e t e r o p h o n i c d e p a r t u r e s i n j t h e direc­
tion o f p o l y p h o n y , w h i c h c h a r a c t e r i s t i c p r o v e s
their great a g e and purity. D u r i n g these girls'
songs and games, the y o u n g men begin their
own s e p e r a t e g a m e s t h a t r e c a l l old heroic
battles. ( T o be c o n t i n u e d )
3
e. g. M a r r i a g e o f P r i n c e V o l o d i m i r w i t h t h e
G r e e k Princess A n n a ; the m a r c h of Royal t r o o p s
on C o n s t a n t i n o p l e , etc.
* D a ( h ) y - b o h , o r D a z h - B o h , are v a r i a n t s Of Svaroh
(Sun-god).
 The~ Расе^]^ШтШш
T h # lively '*Topic· of t h e T i m e · "
c o l u m n on the editorial p a g e o f - T h e
N e w Y o r k T i m e s r e c e n t l y p o k e d * hjit
o f f u n a t t h e c u r r e n t c u s t o m of C o m ­
m u n i s t o r g a n i z a t i o n s in t h i s c o u n t r y
t o c h a n g e t h e i r n a m e s s o a · t o rid
t h e m of t h e w o r d ' ' C o m m u n i s t . " I ¾
"One familiar item in. t h e news
h a s n e v e r c e a s e d t o be a p u z z l e , "
the column starts.. "When a Com-
:i
munist organization is reconstituted
a s a n o n - C o m m u n i s t organization,
w h y does it a l w a y s begin by demand-
i n g a 'second, f r o n t ' ? . Here» f o * e x -
ample, in.. the . Y o u n g , Communist
League» It formally a n d solemnly
m e e t · a n d d i s s o l v e s itself« I t m a k e s
place for a new organization called
American Y o u t h for Democracy» The
new democratic. organization adopts
a ' p l a n o f a c t i o n / T h e first i t e m in
t h e plan u r g e · an immediate second
front.'
' T h e thing does not strike u s a s
g o o d t a c t i c s . T h e r e will be u n k i n d
people t o s u g g e s t t h a t i t i s n o t d e e p
W¾at W e Said Then
;¿&m It B e T a c t i c s ? U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y E d i t o r i a l s Т у р | < » | *>І t h e Y e a r s W h e n T h e y
. " B u t it" the t h i n g is a n h o n e s t a n d A p p e a r e d . R e c a l l e d o n t h e o c c a s i o n o i t h e W e e k l y ' s 10th a n n i v e r s a r y .
truly change of heart, w h y give the
(Continued) . . . . —~ (7)
impression t h a t i t i s a f r a u d ? H e r e
i · the Missippi Valley Communist HETMAN IVAN MAZEPPA under the guise of protecting the
Federation reorganizing itself a s t h e ur
Ukrainians against the Poles, sys­
VO.. h a v e held f o r a n i n s t a n t . t h e t e m a t i c a l l y s p r e a d dissension a m o n g
Mississippi V a l l e y A m a t e u r A s t r o · \
balance of power in t h e m o ­
nomicaJL a n d A s t r o p h y s i c a l L e a g u e . t h e U k r a i n i a n s a n d C o s s a c k s , poisoned
mentous> s t r u g g l e w h i c h fixed the
T h a t is very interesting. W h a t are t h e i r m i n d s a g a i n s t t h e i r leaders,
supremacy of Russia among the
the a i m s o f this new scientific l e a g u e ? a n d a t e v e r y s u c c e s s i v e election o f
' P o w e r · of t h e North'.; to lose b y a
F i r s t on the. l i · t of astrophysical t h e H e t m a n whittled some of the U k ­
n a r r o w e s t c h a n c e a g r e a t p l a c e in
a i m s a n d purposes i s . t h e i m m e d i a t e rainian r i g h t · a w a y .
; h i s t o r y ¡ t o be r e m e m b e r e d o n l y a s a
o p e n i n g o f a ' s e c o n d . front.' W i t h t h e ascension of Peter I upon
h e r o of a r o m a n t i c poem ( B y r o n ' s
" H e r e i s . the Y u c a t a n C o m m u n i s t " M a z e p p a " ) , t h e c e n t r a l ¡figure o f a t h e R u s s i a n t h r o n e ( 1 6 8 2 ) , U k r a i n e ,
S t u d y . C J u b . I t holds a public meet- p o p u l a r o p e r a ( T s c h a i k o w s k у ' s M a ­ w e a k e n e d a s s h e w a s b y m a n y y e a r s
i n g a ¤ d s u r r e n d e r s i t · c h a r t e r a n d ad- z e p p a " ) , — s u c h h a s been t h e s t r a n g e o f c o n s t a n t w a r f a r e , w a s q u i t e w e l l
j o u r n s · , s i n e die. I n Its p l a c e i s set f a t e o f t h e C o s s a c k H e t m a n M a ­ u n d e r R u s s i a n d o m i n a t i o n . When,
u p the Y u c a t a n Y o u t h A s s o c i a t i o n f o r z e p p a . " therefore, Ivan Mazeppa became
t h e . P r o m o t i o n of S k i i n g , S t a m p C o l - H e t m a n o f . U k r a i n e (1687), prospects
T h i s vivid picture of Mazeppa b y
l e c t i n g rand D e m o c r a c y . T h i s s o u n d s of freeing U k r a i n e appeared v e r y
C r e s s o n in h i s " H i s t o r y o f t h e C o s ­
as if . the new organization might d a r k indeed. .
s a c k s " c o m e s to m i n d w h e n w e re­
r e a l l y fill a long-felt w a n t . W h a t i s
call that this month marks the Mazeppa P l a « n e d t o F r e e U k r a i n e
t h e first i t e m o n t h e a g e n d a o f t h i s
228th anniversary of the great
a r d e n t new body o f democratic skiers Mazeppa immediately realized t h a t
B a t t l e o f P o l t a v a , wherein M a z e p ­
and philatelists ? The i m m e d i a t e p a . . t o g e t h e r w i t h , h i · a l l y , C h a r l e s _if h e w e.r e , t o h a z a r d a n o p e n w a r
o p e n i n g o f a ' s e c o n d front.' X I I o f S w e d e n , w a s defeated, w i t h ¦ ^ U k r a i n e ' s freedom, it w o u l d h a v e
the result that Ukraine was plunged t o 0 ¤
У " t e r · careful planning a n d ,

\ > r y P o o r Disguise
a n d . h e a r t f e l t conversion f r o m c o m - i n t o l o n g o b s c u r i t y w h i l e R u s s i a be-I*º¤S p r e p a r a t i o n . U t m o s t secrecy,
" W h o , under the circustances, is
munism to democracy. T h e basic came a . g r e a t power. | h o w e v e r , w a s o f the· v e r y essence,
e v e n FOR a , m o m e n t d e c e i v e d b y s u c h ¡ f o r t h e s l i g h t e s t suspicion o f h i s in-
slogan of contemporary, communism,
d i s s o l u t i o n s FROM c o m m u n i s m a n d RE- ·\ C o l o r f u l F i g u r e І ten tions would quickly bring about
t h e i m m e d i a t e ' s e c o n d front,' remains,, organizations into democracy? T h e _ ' . * | h i s e x e c u t i o n b y t h e r u t h l e s s C¾ar.
l i k e A b o u ben A d h e m , a t t h e t o p o f Intruder m the hen house a t least Possessing: g r e a t Personal c h a r m , ¡ B e^ c a took hardly a a y -
u s e Ш я h e
t h e list. T h e r e w i l l b e c y n i c a l people m a d e s o m e a t t e m p t a t d i s g u i s e . H e w e U - e d u c a t e d , a ,-brilliant s o l d i e r , ¡ етЛвт and t o all out-
Q n e i n ш

t o s a y t h a t is not a conversion of s a i d in a h i g h v o i c e : 'It'S US c h i c k e n s . ' keen p o l i t i c i a n , a n d a c o n n o i s s e u r w a r d a p p e a r a n c e s h e w a s l o y a l t o

the. h e a r t b u t o n l y o f t h e t o n g u e , H e did not s a y h e WAS l o o k i n g f o r a a n d a p a t r o n o f a r t s , I v a n M a z e p p a , t h e r u l e r in M o s c o w , a p p a r e n t l y a i d -
f r o m . o n e cheek to the other. S' ECOTTCI f r o n t . ' " H e t m a n o f U k r a i n e (1687-1708), w a s ing him in his policies a n d e s t a b l i s h -
indeed a colorful figure, s o m u c h s o i n g h i m s e l f firmly i n h i s f a v o r b y h i e
t h a t those w h o wrote about him brilliant generalship during R u s s i a ' s
d w e l t f a r m o r e upon t h i s a s p e c t o f w a r w i t h T u r k e y in 1695. Y e t a l l
UkrainianL·iteraryContribution h i m t h a n u p o n h i s o t h e r s t e r l i n g t h i s w h i l e , t o o , he n e v e r m i s s e d a n
qualities. opportunity of rebuilding the ruined
to Wor¡d Culture t.·
I t i s i n t e r e s t i n g t o note, i n t h i s a n d d e v a s t a t e d U k r a i n e . T h e f a m o u s
connection, t h a t M a z e p p a b e c a m e A c a d e m y o f K i e v , f o r e x a m p l e , a s
(Continued) (2) k n o w n t o t h e o u t s i d e world chiefly well a s t h e P e c h e r s k a L a v r a , b e c a m e
b y a l e g e n d a r y episode o f h i s life,
П Р Щ З s u c c e s s o f . t h e U k r a i n i a n lit­ a g a i n s t t h e undeserved p e r s e c u t i o n s w h e r e i n h i s i n t e r e s t in a c e r t a i n beau- o b j e c t s o f h i s beneficence.
*· j erature aroused the envy a n d which h a d deprived them of the. use tiful lady incurred the enmity of a T h i s n e c e s s a r y s e c r e c y in t b e m a t -
h a t r e d of t h e T s a r i s t R u s s i a n g o v e r n ­ o f t h e i r ¿native t o n g u e n o t only f a i l e d powerful P o l i s h noble, w h o h a d h i m t e r o f h i s t r u e i n t e n t i o n s , however,
m e n t a n d s o c i e t y . T h e b a s i c desire be­ t o k i l l . t h e i r h o p e s b u t c o m p e l l e d tied n a k e d t o a h o r s e a n d d r o v e t h e p r o v e d t o be M a z e p p a ' s u n d o i n g , f o r
h i n d t h i s l i t e r a t u r e : t o d e v e l o p , t h e t h e m t o seek a n o t h e r m e t h o d o f s a - h o r s e g a l l o p i n g oft i n t o t h e wild m a n y o f h i s people, s e e i n g in h i m
U k r a i n i a n people in the c u l t i v a t i o n o f t i s f y i n g t h e i r n a t u r a l a n d rightful steppe. R e s e a r c h , however, h a s dis- but a n o t h e r tool o f P e t e r ' s o p p r e s s i o n
their, f e e l i n g s a n d . t h o u g h t · , w a s i n ­ need o f c o m m u n i o n w i t h t h e i r c o u n - closed t h i s episode t o be n o t h i n g a n d d e n a t i o n a l i z a t i o n o f t h e m , b e -
t e r p r e t e d a s s u b v e r s i v e . tendencies t r y m e n . T h e r e w a s a m e t h o d a t h a n d : m o r e t h a n a f a b r i c a t i o n o f a p e r s o n a l g a n t o d i s t r u s t h i m . A n d t h e r e f o r e ,
directed a g a i n s t Russian«> a b s o l u t i s m , on t h e o t h e r s i d e o f t h e border, in e n e m y o f M a z e p p a , t h e P o l i s b a d v e n - w h e n o p p o r t u n i t y b e c a m e ripe, w h e n
t h e O r t h o d o x r e l i g i o n , a n d t h e R u s ­ G a l i c i a i t h e U k r a i n i a n s l i k e t h o s e in t u r e r a n d w r i t e r C h r i s t o s o m P a s e k a C h a r l e s Х П p e n e t r a t e d U k r a i n e w i t h
s i a n n a t i o n . T h e p o w e r f u l , b i t t e r at­ | R u s s i a spoke, w r o t e a n d printed (1630-1701). N e v e r t h e l e s s t h i s l e g e n d h i s f o r c e s t o j o i n t h o s e h o s t s o f U k ­
t a c k s o f t h e l e a d i n g U k r a i n i a n poet, books in U k r a i n i a n w i t h o u t a n y o b - a p p e a r e d a t t r a c t i v e e n o u g h f o r B y r o n r a i n i a n K o z a k s t h a t M a z e p p a h a d
S h e v c h e n k o , a g a i n s t t h e t s a r s of­ s t a c l e s . A s a r e s u l t o f t h i s t h e lit- t o b a s e h i s p o e m upon, a n d f o r m a n y p r e v i o u s l y p r o m i s e d h i m d u r i n g s e c ­
f e r e d t h e g o v e r n m e n t a p r e t e x t f o r ¡ e r a r y a c t i v i t i e s o f t h e U k r a i n i a n s o t h e r w r i t e r s a s well, i n c l u d i n g s o m e ret negotione, h e w a s m e t w i t h o n l y
d i s s o l v i n g t h e B r o t h e r h o o d o f S t . were t r a n s f e r r e d t o L v i w , t o t h e f r o m G e r m a n y , I t a l y , a n d F r a n c e . I t a b a r e f r a c t i o n o f t h e m u n d e r M a ­
C y r i l a n d M e t h o d i u s a n d t o s e n d t h e g r e a t benefit o f A u s t r i a a n d t o t h e w a s n o t u n t i l V i c t o r H u g o w r o t e h i s z e p p a ' s c o m m a n d , f o r t h e o t h e r K o ­
b r o t h e r · i n t o e x i l e . W h i l e t h e R u s ­ e q u a l l y g r e a t d e t r i m e n t o f R u s s i a . poem a b o u t Mazeppa that other zaks, confused by this sudden c h a n g e
s i a n i n t e l l e c t u a l s s n e e r e d a n d j e e r e d , F r o m the second h a l f o f t h e s i x t i e s w r i t e r s b e g a n to perceive t h a t w h i c h of p o l i c y on t h e p a r t · of t h e i r leader,
the government suppressed b o o k s in t h e 19th c e n t u r y , t h e U k r a i n i a n t h i s g r e a t w r i t e r h a d discerned, t h a t t h e i r m i n d s poisoned a g a i n s t h i m b y
a n d p r o s e c u t e d a u t h o r s . T h e P o l i s h l i t e r a t u r e o f G a l i c i a b e g a n t o g r o w M a z e p p a w a s a g r e a t c h a m p i o n o f P e t e r ' s a g e n t s a s well a s b y t h e
r e s u r r e c t i o n o f 1863 w a s utilized b y a n d perfect itself w i t h a f o r c e s h e h i s people a n d o f h i s n a t i v e l a n d n e w a n d puppet H e t m a n S k o r o p a d s k y
t h e R u s s i a n g o v e r n m e n t a s a p r e t e x t h e r s e l f could not h a v e g e n e r a t e d . " , U k r a i n e . ( w h o m P e t e r h a d appointed w h e n h e
for issuing a ukase against the U k ­ T r a n s l a t i o n s o f t h e best t h e r e i s I n s t r i v i n g t o free U k r a i n e of M o s - e a r n e d o f M a z e p p a ' s a c t i o n ) , refused
l
rainian, l a n g u a g e in s p i t e o f t h e f a c t in w o r l d l i t e r a t u r e , in G r e e k , L a t i n ,
c o w ' s d o m i n a t i o n , M a z e p p a a t t e m p t e d t o j o i n M a z e p p a in his bid f o r U k ­
t h a t t h e U k r a i n i a n -populists' were F r e n c h , G e r m a n , E n g l i s h , S c a n d i n a -
t h a t w h i c h a p p e a r e d w e l l - n i g h i m - r a i n i a n freedom, w i t h the result t h a t
as> m u c h o p p o s e d t o t h e P o l i s h v i a n , R u s s i a n , P o l i s h , C z e c h w e r e n e w a 8
possible, a n d m i s s e d s u c c e e d i n g b y ¦ t h e r e b y deprived o f the a i d
" s z l a c h t a " a s t h e y w e r e t o the, R u s ­ m a d e in G a l i c i a . Y u r y F e d k o v y c h o f a b
the narrowest margin. j º u t 45,000 K o z a k troops.
sian aristocracy. T h e U k r a i n i a n s w r o t e h i s powerful s h o r t stories, h i s
U k r a i n e , a s we know, w a s t h e n T h e rest is h i s t o r y . G r e a t l y o u t -
were denounced for their "separat­ novels and his poetry. O t h e r s of the
b o u n d t o R u s s i a b y t h e t r e a t y o f n u m b e r e d in m e n a n d g u n s , t h e c o m -
i s m " e v e n b y t h e P o l i s h a n d J e w i s h p o e t s w r i t i n g in G a l i c i a were B o h -
P e r e y a s l a v , w h i c h t h e g r e a t H e t m a n ¦ bined U k r a i n i a n - S w e d i s h force·
newspapers, and the Russian church dan L e p k y . O s y p Makovey, W a s y l
K h m e l n i t s k y , w h o h a d freed the ¡ f o u g h t v a l i a n t l y b u t w e r e d e f e a t e d
a n d g o v e r n m e n t i n s t i t u t e d m e a s u r e s | S c h u r a t a n d before all I v a n F r a n k o
t h e c o u n t r y , h a d concluded (1654) by P e t e r a t t h e B a t t l e o f P o l t a v a , i n
t o s u p p r e s s t h e u s e o f U k r a i n i a n in (1856-1916), w h o w a s a l s o a g r e a t
m a i n l y a s a defensive p a c t a g a i n e t 1709. A n d t h u s t h r o u g h a c r u e l
s c h o o l s a n d in b o o k s . F i n a l l y , in 1863,
j novelist, s h o r t s t o r y writer, a n d d r a - t h e a g g r e s s i o n s o f P o l a n d a n d quirk of m i s f o r t u n e , t h r o u g h d i s ­
t h e R u s s i a n M i n i s t e r o f I n t e r i o r de­
¡ mat ist, a n d a s c h o l a r o f n o m e a n t h e T u r k s a n d T a r t a r s . T h i s t r e a t y , sension a m o n g t h e U k r a i n i a n s t h e m ­
clared t h a t there is no U k r a i n i a n
a c h i e v e m e n t s . S t e p h e n K o v a l i v , V a - however, between t h e t w o s o v e r e i g n selves, M a z e p p a t o g e t h e r w i t h h i s
l a n g u a g e a n d t h e r e n e v e r will b e !
s y l S t e f a n y k , L e e M a r t o v y c h , a n d s t a t e s , R u s s i a a n d U k r a i n e , proved a l l y lost t h i s decisive b a t t l e w h o s e
"Ukrainian literature," says the
Marko Cheremshyna d i s t i n g u i s h e d t o be a n e x c e l l e n t m e a n s for t h e w i n n i n g w o u l d undoubtedly have
Russian A c a d e m y , "full of hopes for
themselves among the Ukrainian former's machinations to extend its made Ukraine a great power a n d
a great future, w a s suppressed at a
w r i t e r s b y t h e i r fine s h o r t s t o r i e s . s w a y o v e r t h e l a t t e r . C o m i n g osten­ not R u s s i a .
s t r o k e ; t h e l i t e r a r y w o r k e r s , no m a t ­
sibly a s a n a l l y , R u s s i a g a r r i s o n e d Y e t t h o u g h he lost, M a z e p p a ' s
ter how gifted, could write nothing Devotion of Writers T h e n v a r i o u s s t r a t e g i c s p o t s i n U k r a i n e ideal f o r w h i c h he f o u g h t h a s r e ­
but harmless a n d useless stories and
verses. W h e n they wanted to instruct T h e U k r a i n i a n s in R u s s i a were en- m a i n e d f o r e v e r t o inspire f u t u r e g e n ­
і
t h e i r people in a g r i c u l t u r e , m o r a l s , c o u r a g e d b y t h e s e a c h i e v e m e n t s a n d erations, a n d u s t o d a y . A n d a l t h o u g h
a r t o r a n y o t h e r fields o f k n o w l e d g e b e g a n t o send t h e i r w o r k s t o be w r o t e n o v e l s : M i c n a e l K o t s i u b y n s k y , R u s s i a , b o t h C z a r i s t a s well a s R e d ,
t h e y h a d t o c l o t h e t h e i r i n s t r u c t i o n published in G a l i c i a . T h e devotion o f M y k o l a C h e r n y a s k y a n d M o d e s t L e - h a s a t t e m p t e d e v e r y t h i n g w i t h i n i t s
i n t h e g a r b o f fiction. A p r a c t i c e o f t h e s e m e n t o t h e i r w o r k w a s s o g r e a t v y t s k y , w h o w r o t e s h o r t stories. power t o d i m t h e l u s t e r t h a t s h i n e s
w h i c h w e h a v e q u i t e a f e w s a m p l e s t h a t t h e y w e r e w i l l i n g t o f o r e g o all T h e r e w a s a considerable g r o u p o f a r o u n d h i s n a m e , t o d a y it s h i n e s
dating to the present d a y ; ridiculous r e m u n e r a t i o n for t h e i r w o r k a n d a t w o m e n writers, i n c l u d i n g M a r k o V o v - b r i g h t e r t h a n ever. I t h a s t r u l y be­
for those who knew the reason." t h e s a m e t i m e e x p o s e t h e m s e l v e s t o c h o k , t h e a u t h o r o f m a n y w e l l - k n o w n c o m e the s y m b o l — o f t h e n a t i o n a l a s ­
t h e persecutions o f the R u s s i a n s f o r s h o r t stories d e p i c t i n g t h e life o f p i r a t i o n s o f t h e U k r a i n i a n p e o p l e : a
printing their books in G a l i c i a . s e r f s , a n d L e s y a U k r a i n k a , w h o s e free a n d independent s t a t e o f U k ­
R u s s i a n Persecution D r i v e s L i t e r a t u r e A m o n g these m e n w h o w r o t e in R u s - d r a m a s h a v e a c o s m o p o l i t a n a p p e a l .
raine.
to Galicia s i a a n d sent t h e i r b o o k s t o A u s t r i a U k r a i n k a ' s d r a m a t i c s k e t c h , " T h e J u l y 24, 1937.
B u t " t h e s t r i v i n g o f t h e e d u c a t e d t o be p r i n t e d : Y a k i v S h c h o h o l i v , B o - B a b y l o n i a n C a p t i v i t y , " e x p r e s s i n g t h e
U k r a i n i a n s t o e n l i g h t e n t h e i r c o u n ­ ris Hrinchenko, Oles, A g a f a n g e l horrors of racial enslavement, w a s
t r y m e n ; their love for their native
tongue, which had shown such great
p r o m i s e ; finally t h e n a t u r a l r e a c t i o n
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m i y l e n k o , t r a n s l a t e d i n t o E n g l i s h by C . Б . EVERYBODY

n
-Nechuy, Bechhofer. (Ukrainian Weekly, A u g .
k o , w h o 21 a n d 28, 1 9 4 3 ) .
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-- т г і — Д » ^ м
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 "В. T. С." MIAMI
FIRST IMPRESSIONS O F A NAIR CORPS MAN A T A BASIC
TRAINING CENTER
By Private First Class A D A M Y A R M O L I N S K Y

1 Г w a s late M a r c h , but a l l t h e w a y I poses, it w o u l d d o . P r e s e n t purposes

t h r o u g h V i r g i n i a , snow b l a n k e t e d a s w e were a b o u t t o discover, m e a n t
t*ie slc¡res on either side o f t h e t r a c k . ! inspection. Shoes were hastily
^ h e C i r o l i n a s were g r e e n but cold b r u s h e d off a g a i n s t t h e b a c k o f t h e
d u r i n g t h e n i g h t , a n d o n l y t h e l a s t o t h e r t r o u s e r l e g , dull b e l t - b u c k l e s
m o r n i n g o f t h e t r i p b r o u g h t u s into j were v a i n l y c o n c e a l e d b e h i n d g a s
w a r m t ' i a n d sunshine. S i t t i n g u p o n ! m a s k belts, a n d h i r s u t e c h i n s a n d
o u r improvised c o a c h - s e a t beds, we ¦ j o w l s were f u r t i v e l y rubbed w i t h
could see o r a n g e trees. W e were i n ' g r i m y fingers. B u t even the most
F l o r i d a . W e were r e a l l y g o i n g t o s h i n y a n d c o m p l a c e n t soldier f o u n d
M i a m i B e a c h f o r basic. | t h a t he m i s s e d s o m e t h i n g — i f n o t h i n g
e l s e h i s
T h e n o n c o m m i s s i o n e d officers in \ · belt b u c k l e w a s n ' t centered
ш h n e
the escort p a r t y were besieged w i t h With h i s s h o r t f r o n t — a n d per-
h a s
n u e s t i o n s : " C a n w e r e a l l y g o s w i m · ¦ P a t t h a t point t µ r u i s c o v e r e d t h a t
t h e r e w a s a I w a
ming every d a y ? " " H o w many men y s something new to
l e a r n ш t h e А г т
to a hotel r o o m ? " " I s it t r u e y o u c a n У ·
pick c o c o n u t s o¢f t h e t r e e s ? " T h e
*G. I. P a r t y
question period still w a s g o i n g o n
w h e n w e pulled i n t o a s i d i n g a n d u n - I f t h i s t r u t h w a s a p p a r e n t in p e r · I N T H K S 1 1 A I ) ( ) \ V S — N u r s i n g a soldier back from death's p u n al»
loaded f r o m t h e t r a i n i n t o a line o f s o n a l inspection, it b e c a m e e v e n m o r e is traditional duty of the Army purse, recruited by the American R e d
w a i t i n g lorries. R o l l i n g t h r o u g h a s o t h e n e x t S a t u r d a y , w h i c h w a s d i s · Cross. Here Lieut Ruth Butler, Army n u r s e , w a t e l e s f«ee of a
landscape o f gleaming white stucco, \ tinguished from other d a y s b y a par- sold¡er in coma, as Red Cross Nurse's Aide. Mrs. Carl Pforzheimer
helps in giving an ¡nt r a v e n o u s i n j e c t i<>n.
b r i g h t g r e e n p a l m s , a n d g r e e n e r j t i c u l a r l y t h o r o u g h r o o m inspection.
l a w n s , bordering o n blue l a g o o n s , we ¡ P r e p a r a t i o n s b e g a n F r i d a y . e v e n i n g ¦
p a s s e d k h a k i - c l a d c o l u m n s o f soldiers a f t e r supper, w i t h a g a l a " G . I . p a r - . - . files ¦ h o u r s were n e a r l y u p w e were j u s t e f t a n d right t u r n s T h e i n s i d e

w h o m a r c h e d w i t h a j a u n t y step, t y . F u r n i t u r e w a s p u s h e d a s i d e a n d m o v e ____º............ „„j ,u~ I i t c h i n g f o r a n officer t o c o m e o v e r л

c o u n t e d i n t h e split c a d e n c e w e h a d e v e r y b o d y g o t d o w n o n h i s h a n d s f º. *
files t o o s l o w l y , e v e n t h e drill ser- a n d a s k f o r t h e fifth g e n e r a l order.
t o q u 1 c k l y a ¤ d t h o u t s i d e

n e v e r h e a r d before, a n d , w o n d e r o f a n d k n e e s t o p r a c t i c e t h a t fine c i r ·
g e a n t s ' s t u r d y l a r y n x e s s h o w e d s i g n s T h e n e x t relief, d u r i n g t h e h o u r s f o r
w o n d e r s , s a n g a s t h e y m a r c h e d . T h e c u l a r m o t i o n w i t h a G . T. b r u s h i n
c o l d a n d t h e K P o f o u r reception I one h a n d a n d a l a r g e ' b u t r a p i d l y , º f c o l l a p s e a n d t h e d u s t rose in c h a l l e n g i n g , b r o u g h t a little m o r e e x ·
c l o u d s s o t h i c k y o u c o u l d h a r d l y see ¦ citement, w i t h a f e w l a t e c o m e r s t o
centers seemed f a r away. T h i s w a s diminishing cake o f G. I . soap in
P a r a d i s e itself. W e i g n o r e d t h e c r i e s t h e o t h e r . I t w a s a l o n g a n d b a c k · a l l t h e w a y d o w n t h e r a n k o h " E y e s ¦ halt, c h a l l e n g e , a n d h a n d o v e r t o t h e
!

of " Y o u ' l l be sorre-e-e" t h a t floated, b r e a k i n g j o b , b u t w h e n it w a s o v e r right." B y t h e t i m e w e h a d t o l e a v e t e n d e r m e r c i e s o f t h e i r hotel C . Q .

d o w n from t h e w i n d o w s o f e l e g a n t · w e c o u l d s t e p b a c k o n a s u r f a c e , t h e drill field f o r t h e p a r a d e g r o u n d s ¦ T h e r e w a s a l s o a n o c c a s i o n a l v i s i t
«te's n - r ' · e d " M i l i t a r y R e s e r v a t i o n . " o n c e d i r t y g r a y , n o w s p a r k l i n g w h i t e e v e n t h e difference between right a n d · f r o m t h e Officer o f t h e D a y , f o r w h o m
7
. . v~ - — T ~ * · , \ — ~ * * · * " — ^¯ " * ' " * " , V , V T * " " * ? " " * V left w a s f a d i n g o u t . T h e n t h e p a r a d e | w e m a n a g e d t o s t a m m e r o u t : " S i r ,
0 W

W e c o u l d n ' t u n d e r s t a n d t h o s e f e l l o w s ; P e r h a p s w e c o u l d n t see o u r f a c e s i n L·^_^£J * ^ ^ _ i order i s . . . " B y t h e t e ¢ е Ш w e t h e t h g e n e r a

t h e y m u s t be j u s t s p o i l e d . . . j i t , b u t a n y o f i t s p r o u d proprietors · ^ , ¦ came around, w e c o m e ¤ d q { Q U r w e a o t i m e t h e l a s t 8 n i f t

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a t ri id a n d a c h i n a t t e n t i o n w h i l e !
t i m e w e h a d been settled in a hotel £ W ¿ ¡ ^ ^rfoºr^anceºon
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tic, a n d A . M . n o l o n g e r m e a n t m o r n - d u s t i n g , s w e e p i n g a w a y t h e l i g h t film ¡ R e t r e a t . T h e last w a i t while t h e of- ¦ t i o n s u n k n o w n , b u t m u c h d i s c u s s e d ;

i n g , n o t o n l y b e c a u s e w e rose w h e n t h a t h a d settled on beds, sills, a n d j f i c e r s m a d e t h e i r reports ( w e were n d n o w w e w e r e a l l " o n s h i p m e n t , " a

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b e c a u s e t h e initials n o w stood f o r m o p p i n g t h e b a t h r o o m tiles, a n d р о ї · | colonel, j u s t t o t o r m e n t u s ) . F i n a l l y , ¡ ists, e a r m a r k e d f o r o t h e r s c h o o l s . A s
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o u r t r a i n i n g proper h a d b e g u n . O n e s o u l even discovered t h a t t h e b r a s s ¦ s w i n g i n g o u t a n d t h e reviewing s t a n d t r a v e l l i n g c l o t h e s w i t h g a s m a s k s ,

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the hotel lobby w a s filled with s p e c t i n g officer. M o s t o f u s j u s t stood.! e n e x t m o r n i n g , h a w k i n g their didn't s h o u t . W e s a n g . C h i n s u p , t n

strangely contorted figures, S t r u g · , W e didn't sit o n t h e beds f o r f e a r o f ¦ p ^ t h t h e s l o g a n " D i d y o u s h o u l d e r s b a c k , w e s o u n d e d off w i t h a p e r g

g l i n g w i t h twisted s h o u l d e r s t r a p s s p o i l i n g t h e m , a n d w e didn't sit o n ¦ S u n d a y ? " we h a d the old A i r Corps S o n g a n d t h e new k n o w t o d a y w a s

s t r a p s a n d loose w a i s t belts. L o o k - t h e floor f o r f e a r o f s p o i l i n g o u r ¦ doubts about the answer. M o n d a y ¦ A i r Corps S o n g a n d " W h e n W e L e a v e n o

іпег a little askew we fell in япгі і f r o « h l \ / і о п п Я а г о Я L - t > o L - ¡ a А : і

would b r i n g a n o t h e r p a r a d e . M o n d a y j M i a m i " a n d o t h e r p o p u l a r pieces. W e
m a r c h e d off t h e drill field t o t h e ! nerved s u p e r m e n perched o n f u r n i ·
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eyes up, chin m a s k p r a c t i c e , l e c t u r e s on e v e r y t h i n g | t h e m s h o w e d w e were p r o u d w e ' d
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correcting o u r mistakes, they m a n · I " A t t e n - h u t " called down t h e hall, j but n o w we were ready for o u r tour mas vacation to boost coal production.
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s u b j e c t o f interior g u a r d d u t y . T h e A History of Ukraine, b y M i c h a e l
c a m e easily. d o u b l e time a n d c a l i s t h e n i c s .
eleven g e n e r a l o r d e r s h a d been e x - Hrushevsky, published by the
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і " George Vernadsky, published
t h e r e w o u l d be a b r e a k , a n d a c h a n c e S a t u r d a y w a s a full d a y a l l a r o u n d · ¦ o c e a n j u s t off t h e l i m i t s o f y o u r , b y the Yale University Press.
t o q u e n c h t h e t h i r s t raised b y t h e T h e a f t e r n o o n b r o u g h t o u r first f o r · | post, o r w h e t h e r t o s a l u t e a n officer! ¡n English" _*2.50
F l o r i d a s u n . B u t we k e p t m a r c h i n g m a l a p p e a r a n c e before t h e c o l o n e l ; ¡ a f t e r a g l i m p s e o f h i s bars, o r o n l y | A Collection of Six Pamphlets
a r o u n d t h e e d g e s o f t h e field, a n d o u r first p a r a d e . B a c k i n t o k h a k i ¦ a f t e r e x a m i n i n g h i s identification I on Ukraine: 1 ) T a r a s S h e v -
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terior: dier, t h e n it p o p s w i t h a bullet a n d
"And m a y b e a bullet h a s killed s t a r t m a k i n g a collection f o r t h e u n -
"For m y part, I h a v e a l w a y s be- he lies d o w n j u s t like m o t h e r . H u r r y u n c l e a t war, a n d m a y b e before m o r n · f o r t u n a t e f a m i l y . E v e r y v i l l a g e f a r m -
lieved t h a t a n y political e n t i t y i s en- u p a n d lie d o w n beside m o t h e r be- ing i t will kill m e , a n d N a s t i a , s o er w o u l d c o n t r i b u t e a bushel o r t w o
t i t l e d t o t h e f o r m o f g o v e r n m e n t c a u s e t h e b u l l e t s will s t a r t flying
t h a t there'll be nobody, n o b o d y . . . " o f w h e a t | rye, o r o t h e r g r a i n . C o l -
w h i c h t h e m a j o r i t y of its people de- soon. H e a r ? h o w t h e y s w i s h . . .
H e fell asleep. A l l n i g h t l o n g t h e , lections would a l s o be m a d e in t h e
sire. T h e r e a r e v i c i o u s f o r c e s t h a t " L o o k h o w t h e soldiers on t h e b l a n k e t o f w h i t e l i g h t passed o v e r n e i g h b o r i n g v i l l a g e s . E v e n the p r i e s t s
k e e p on w h i s p e r i n g t¾at s o m e d a y — o t h e r side o f t h e D n i e s t e r t h r o w u p | ^ е т a b e y o n d t h e D n i e s t e r . ¡ w o u l d remind t h e i r p a r i s h i o n e r s o n
n d

p e r h a p s t h e sooner t h e better—we t h o s e fire b u l l e t s ; see h o w h i g h t h e y T r a n s , b y W a l d i m i r S e m e n y n a , S u n d a y s , a f t e r the s e r m o n , t h a t s u c h

m u s t fight t h e S o v i e t s . S u c h a n u n - t h r o w t h e m , a n d t h e y b u r n , a n d t h e n ¦ a n d s u c h f a m i l y h a s been o v e r t a k e n
t h i n k a b l e conflict w o u l d be a b o u t the g o out. T h e y p l a y w i t h t h e m : o h , ¦ by a m i s f o r t u n e a n d t h a t it is e v e r y
greatest tragedy that could befall how m a n y ! M A I L E A R L Y F O R C H R I S T M A S m a n ' s m o r a l d u t y t o help it.
o u r t w o g r e a t n a t i o n s a n d t h e world. " L i s t e n t o t h e c a n n o n : boom-boom- ¡ C h r i s t m a s p a c k a g e s addressed to
I t s e e m s t o m e o f t h e u t m o s t im- b o o m ! B u t i t d o n ' t s h o o t a t t h e р е о - ' ^ ^ д Typical Ukrainian Kindness
щ United States must b e |
m е

p o r t a n c e for t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s a n d pie, o n l y a t t h e c h u r c h e s o r h o u s e s j i i e < j j N o v e m b e r t h i s y e a r if t h e y

m a n
S u c h deeds of k i n d n e s s a r e a l s o
t h e S o v i e t U n i o n t o m a i n t a i n t h e o r t h e s c h o o l . D o n ' t be a f r a i d o f the» are t o r e a c h t h e i r d e s t i n a t i o n s on c o m m o n in U k r a i n i a n s e t t l e m e n t s in
closest possible u n d e r s t a n d i n g in t h e c a n n o n . T h e b u l l e t s a r e a s b i g а в | ¢ ¿ ^ ~ t h e P o s t Office D e p a r t m e n t C a n a d a . T w o y e a r s a g o one s m a l l
p o s t - w a r w o r l d . I t s t a n d s t o reason me, a n d t h e w h e e l s a r e a s b i g a s a t U k r a i n i a n settlement in northern
says, because:
t h a t if these two giants, together the mill. E h , but you don't know
1. T r a n s p o r t a t i o n facilities a r e M a n i t o b a , w h e r e people a r e r e l a t i v e l y
w i t h t h e i r A l l i e s , s h o u l d abide w i t h a n y t h i n g , y o u c a n h a r d l y w a l k y e t ;
o v e r l o a d e d a n d p a c k a g e s m a y h a v e poor, contributed, without being
e a c h o t h e r in a spirit o f j u s t i c e a n d b u t I c a n r u n a n d j u m p like a h o r s e . . . t o be held a t s t a r t i n g points before ¦ a s k e d to, e n o u g h m o n e y t o p a y a l l
goodwill, t h e y w o u l d r e m a i n t o g e t h e r " H i d e b e h i n d m o t h e r . O h , a n o t h e r s p a c e o n t r a i n s is a v a i l a b l e . ¡ t h e e x p e n s e s for a local U k r a i n i a n
and thus assure a n u n b r e a k a b l e l i g h t but w h i t e , w h i t e l i k e a sheet. 2. M o r e t h a n 30,000 postal e m · [ w o m a n suffering f r o m internal c a n -
peace." T h e y ' l l t h r o w it h e r e s o o n . L o o k ! p l o y e e s h a v e g o n e i n t o t h e a r m e d ¡ c e r w h o w a s sent t o R o c h e s t e r a n d
h o w w h i t e we a r e a n d t h e b u l l e t s a r e s e r v i c e s ; r e p l a c e m e n t s h a v e not been died there.
D o n a l d M . N e t e o n , c h a i r m a n of. t h e w h i s t l i n g a g a i n . O h , well, I don't sufficient t o t a k e c a r e o f t h e n o r m a l - In short, U k r a i n i a n s a r e v e r y r i c h
War Production B o a r d : c a r e . I f a bullet h i t s m e t h e n I ' l l lie ly e x p a n d i n g l o a d s o f w a r m a i l e m o t i o n a l l y . T h e y c a n n o t look a t
" B e t w e e n t h e R u s s i a n s a n d our- d o w n beside m o t h e r a n d y o u w o n ' t h a n d l e d b y t h e post office. R e p l a c e · | a n y b o d y suffering or b e i n g in need,
s e l v e s t h e r e is not o n l y a s o u n d b a s i s find, y o u r w a y t o u n c l e . B e t t e r let m e n t s h a v e been o f less experienced T h i s is t r u e in individual c a s e s . It i s
for g o o d i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e l a t i o n s b u t t h e bullet hit y o u , b e c a u s e I c a n find personnel. ¦ a l s o t r u e in i n t e r n a t i o n a l c a s e s . U k -
a l s o t h e essential h u m a n s y m p a t h i e s t h e w a y m y s e l f a n d will let u n c l e 3. T h e u p w a r d of 200,000 t e m p o · | r a i n i a n s a l w a y s side w i t h t h e o p -
w h i c h m a k e f o r p e r s o n a l friendship. k n o w a b o u t y o u a n d h e will b u r y y o u . r a r y e m p l o y e e s relied u p o n b y postal pressed a n d d o m i n a t e d peoples of t h e
E v e r y w h e r e I went in R u s s i a I n o t i c e d
"You c r y i n g a l r e a d y ? A s i f it a u t h o r i t i e s t o h e l p ease t h e C h r i s t - world. T h e y do not recognize a n y
s t r o n g s i m i l a r i t i e s t o A m e r i c a in t h e
h u r t s f r o m a bullet. I t o n l y whizzes m a s m a i l i n g r u s h in y e a r s p a s t a r e m o r a l right f o r a n y n a t i o n t o d o m i n -
a t t i t u d e s a n d e m o t i o n a l drive o f t h e
by a n d drills a hole in t h e chest, a n d n o t a v a i l a b l e n o w ; m a n y of these, a t e a n d exploit o t h e r peoples, be
people. A g a i n and a g a i n I saw ex-
t h e s o u l r u n s out o f t h a t little hole too, have gone into the armed,they Greeks, Norwegians, Chinese,
amples of the grim determination and s e r v i c e s a n d o t h e r s a r e in w a r p l a n t s , o r a n y o t h e r people. I f a U k r a i n i a n
a n d that's the end. It's not like at
t h e h i g h spirit o f a pioneering f o l k T h i s y e a r t e m p o r a r y h e l p is at a | hears of any kind of mistreatment
h o m e : you g e t sick and t h e y rub
— l i k e t h e A m e r i c a n pioneers o f w h o you w i t h a l c o h o l . . . p r e m i u m a n d t h e p o s t a l a u t h o r i t i e s | done t o somebody, he does not a s k
w e a r e s o p r o u d . I sensed a n inde-
" W a n t t o e a t ? O f a l l t h i n g s ! W h a t m u s t r e l y on w o m e n a n d h i g h school ¡ i f t h e m i s t r e a t e d person i s a b i g s h o t
pendence of thought a n d a bold
can I g i v e y o u t o e a t w h e n t h e r e ' s b o y s a n d g i r l s , w h o c a n n o t w o r k l o n g і o r j u s t a n o r d i n a r y person, even o f
c o u r a g e t h a t b e l o n g t o t h e n e w world,
n o m o r e m o t h e r ? L e t m o t h e r g i v e it h o u r s o r a t t h e h i g h speed o f e x - j l o w l y o r i g i n . T h e m a i n t h i n g t h a t
r a t h e r t h a n t o t h e old w o r l d . A n d I t o y o u ? T e l l it t o h e r yourself, g o p e r i e n c e d personnel. s t i r s a U k r a i n i a n right t o t h e bot-
c a m e a w a y c o n v i n c e d t h a t o n c e we ' h e a d , tell her. W e l l , w h a t d o e s s h e C h r i s t m a s cards, which can be і torn o f h i s h e a r t i s t h a t a n o t h e r
h a v e c o m e t o k n o w one a n o t h e r bet- s a y ? G o ' h e a d , t a k e h e r b y t h e h a n d , h a n d l e d more expeditiously t h a n h u m a n being h a s been w r o n g e d . A n d
t e r a n d h a v e s u r m o u n t e d t h e b a r r i e r a n d t h e h a n d will f a l l ~ W e l l ? w h a t p a r c e l s , m a y b e m a i l e d u p t o D e c e m ­ he is r e a d y t o fight f o r t h e w r o n g e d
of l a n g u a g e , t h e r e will be f o u n d n o b e r 10 w i t h a g o o d c h a n c e of r e a c h ­ person, people, o r n a t i o n .
t w o peoples a n y w h e r e in t h e w o r l d ing t h e i r d e s t i n a t i o n s on time, but In short, Ukrainians in Canada and
b e t t e r qualified t o w i n e a c h o t h e r ' s of a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l police f o r c e w i t h t h e s e a l s o s h o u l d be m a i l e d e a r l i e r i f the United States are not a liability,
r e s p e c t a n d a d m i r a t i o n a n d friend- A m e r i c a n u n i t s , well a n d g o o d . W h a t - possible. but an asset—a very valuable asset
s h i p t h a n t h e R u s s i a n s a n d t h e A m e r i - e v e r t h e y m a y be c a l l e d a l l m e a s u r e s G i f t s h a v e a n even b e t t e r c h a n c e at that. They are very rich in deep
cans." s h o u l d b e t a k e n t o see t h a t t h e of p r o m p t d e l i v e r y i f t h e y a r e m a i l e d
moral and spiritual qualities and, in
treaty is carried o u t " in s m a l l p a c k a g e s , t h e P o s t Office addition, they have inborn artistic
G e o r g e W. N o r r l s , f o r m e r S e n a t o r D e p a r t m e n t s a y s . T h e r e i s o n l y s o qualities, especially for music. So
from N e b r a s k a : William Green, president o f t h e A m e r - m u c h t r a n s p o r t a t i o n s p a c e a v a i l a b l e ; in the long run Ukrainians will cer­
"The v i c t o r y t h a t will f o l l o w t h i s ican Federation of L a b o r : if m o r e g i f t s c a n be p a c k e d i n t o a tainly enrich both Canada and tibia
w a r w o u l d be o f t e m p o r a r y v a l u e o n l y " A m e r i c a n l a b o r h a i l s t h e m i g h t y g i v e n s p a c e , t h e y c a n r e a c h t h e i r United Stattes with men and women
unless a peace is established t h a t a n d v i c t o r i o u s R u s s i a n A r m i e s f o r d e s t i n a t i o n earlier. of deep moral convictions and gen­
shall be permanent and l a s t i n g . t h e i r g l o r i o u s deeds o n t h e field o f T h e G o v e r n m e n t , t h o u g h it h a s n o t erous hearts.
W h e t h e r w e l i k e t o o r n o t w e m u s t b a t t l e . T h e s u c c e s s a n d a c h i e v e m e n t s p l a c e d a l i m i t a t i o n o n t h e size o f t h e
d o o u r . p a r t i n t h e m a i n t a i n i n g o f of t h e R u s s i a n A r m i e s a r e o u t s t a n d - p a c k a k e s m a i l e d t o p o i n t s i n t h i s 2. Mail it in November i f you want
s u c h a p e a c e . T h e p e a c e s h o u l d d i s - ing. W e o f A m e r i c a n l a b o r a r e p r o u d c o u n t r y , a s i t d i d o n t h e m a i l i n g o f it to reach its destination b e f o r e
a r m c o m p l e t e l y G e r m a n y , I t a l y a n d o f t h e f a c t t h a t t h e p l a n e s , s h i p s , g i f t s t o t h e soldiers a n d s a i l o r s o v e r ­ Christmas.
j a p a n , a n d i t s h o u l d p r o v i d e a l s o f o r t a n k s a n d g u n s w h i c h w e h a v e s e a s , h a s d e v i s e d a three-point g u i d e 3. Remember, the best gifts of all
t h e necessary measures, w h a t e v e r p r o d u c e d f o r t h e R u s s i a n A r m i e s t o t h o s e w h o s e n d t h e i r g i f t s b y m a i l : are War Bonds and Stamps. Was
t h e y m a y b e , t o m a k e t h a t p e a c e h a v e helped t b c r u s h t h e Nazi h o r d e s 1. I f y o u s e n d a C h r i s t m a s g i f t Bonds, sent in letters, and |mail
p e r m a n e n t a n d e n d u r i n g . I f t h o s e and t o s a v e t h e c a u s e o f d e m o c r a c y « t h i s y e a r , k e e p . it s m a l l t o s a v e packages may all be marked "Do Not
¡ m e a s u r e s ^include t h e . e s t a b l i s h m e n t We do not p r o p o s e t o s t o p there. transportation space. Jpen r$efore Christmas."
 U K R A I N I A N W E E K L Y . S A T U R D A Y . N O V E M B E R 20. 1943 No. 45

UKiRANtDGMS A Girl Pharmacist SAINT BASIL'S CHAPLAIN

By ALEXANDER YAREMKO
FOOTBALL:
With Notre Dame and the Chi­
c a g o B e a r s unanimously crowned as
respective' c o l l e g i a t e a n d professional
national football'champs, the annual
fad of selecting various A l l - A m e r i ­
can T e a m s is under way. A n d , a s
in t h e previous nine y e a r s , y o u r s
t r u l y will a g a i n n a m e t h e " U k r a m i a n
A11-American Football T e a m of 1943."
Due t o the tremendous amount of
t i m e s p e n t in c o r r e s p o n d e n c e w i t h v a r i ­
ous colleges and players themselves,
it would be appreciated if any reader
would nominate any Ukrainian play­
ing college football, by g i v i n g his
( 1 ) full name, (2) name o f school,
(3) h o m e t o w n , a n d ( 4 ) p r o o f t h a t
h e is of U k r a i n i a n descent. M y a d d r e s s
i s : 2081 E a s t V e n a n g o S t r e e t , P h i l a ­
d e l p h i a 34, P a . . . . . . · A n d w h i l e w e ' r e
o n the t i m e l y subject o f football, did
you know that the two sub tackles
CALLED TO W A R SERVICE Opera Debut Wins
Rev. J o h n A . Strmiska. C S . S p . , f a r Plaudits
t h e p a s t ten y e a r s c h a p l a i n o f S t .
T h e opera debut of A n n e Trocia-
Basil's Ukrainian GathoHc Preparato­
necky, young Ukrainian American
r y S c h o o l in S t a m f o r d . C o n n . , left f o r
singer from Irvington, N . J . as
t h e C h a p l a i n s ' school a t Harvard
Mica el a in C a r m e n o n S u n d a y , ^ N o ­
University, " T h e W a y ' ' reported this
v e m b e r 7, in N e w a r k , N . J . , prov^ed
week.
to be one of the most attractive
F r . S t r m i s k a had applied for an f e a t u r e s o f t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n Of Bize^t's
A r m y c h a p l a i n c y l a t e last A u g u s t , opera by the N e w J e r s e y Opera Com­
a n d w a s notified o n S e p t e m b e r 21 pany at the commodious Mosque
t h a t h e h a d been a c c e p t e d , a n d c o m ­ T h e a t r e . *The c a p a c i t y a u d i e n c e at­
missioned a first lieutenant; H e w a s t e n d i n g it s h o w e d i t s appreciation df
t h e n t o l d t o r e p o r t f o r h i s prelimi­ M i s s Trocianecky*s "M^caela," the
nary training at H a r v a r d on N o v e m ­ v i l l a g e m a i d e n , a l e a d i n g role, b y e¯n-
b e r 6. thusiastic and prolonged applause.
D u e ' t o t h e u r g e n t need o f C a t h o l i c
c h a p l a i n s , h e received a telephone
ca 11, to r e p o r t w i t h i n 24 h o u r s . W i t h i n T O C E L E B R A T E U . N . A . F I F T I E T H
t h a t t i m e it w a s not p o s s i b l e f o r h h n ANNIVERSARY
to call on his friends ahd the alumni
A meeting of the representatives
of S t . B a s i l ' s in S t a m f o r d , a n d t h e
o f t h e nine C l e v e l a n d A s s e m b l i e s o f
testimonial dinner planned for his
the Ukrainian National Association
d e p a r t u r e h a d t o be cancel·led.
O L G A E . D U B A S was held at the Ukrainian National
F a t h e r S t r m i s k a , besides a c t i n g
H o m e o n S u n d a y , O c t o b e r '31, Ш З . " '
A y o u n g U k r a i n i a n A m e r i c a n girl as chaplain o f S t . B a s i l ' s in S t a m ­ O p e n i n g t h e m e e t i n g M^r. D m ¼ r o v

o f t h e g r e a t C h i c a g o B e a r s t e a m , k n o w n t o be t h e first o f h e r k i n d f o r d , i s a m e m b e r o f t h e *faculty o f S z m a g a l a , o u r l o c a l U . N . A ' A d v i s o r ,

Bronco Na£Hrski a n d A ! B a r b a r t s f c y , in P h i l a d e l p h i a t o b e c o m e a p h a r ­ t h e H o l y G h o s t F a t h e r s ' S e m i n a r y a d v i s e d t h o s e present t h a t his pur-
;

a r e U k r a i n i a n s ? S o i s S t e v e P r i t k o , m a c i s t is M i s s O l g a E . D u b a s , 2 1 , in N o r w a l k , C o n n . , where h e h a s pose in c a l l i n g t h e m e e t i n g ' w a s to

s u b end of t h e N . Y . G i a n t s ' . T h e y d a u g h t e r o f A n n a a n d ' M i c h a e l Т>и b e e n p r o f e s s o r o f e c c l e s i a s t i c a l h i s ­ d i s c u s s ¢ i a n s f o r t h e celebration o f
p l a y e d f o r M i n n e s o t a , F o r d h a m a n d l b a s , 876 N o r t h F r a n k l i n S t r e e t . S h e t o r y , l i t u r g y a n d r i t u a l f o r t h e p a s t t h e F*iftieth A n n i v e r s a r y
V i l l a n o v a , r e s p e c t i v e l y , a n d a l l t h r e e · g r a d u a t e d f r o m t h e T e m p l e U n i v e r · 13 y e a r s . H e i s a n a t i v e o f N o r w a l k . t h e U k r a i n i a n N a t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n
(1944У'of
!
w e r e m e m b e r s o f p r e v i o u s A l l - U k · s i t y S c h o o l o f P h a r m a c y on O c t o b e r a n d also to c a l l u p o n t h e m e m b e r s of
rainian teams J o h n J . S i t a r s k>·.' 22.
h e a d c o a c h o f t h e B u c k n e i l Univei>t· M i s s D u b a s w a s j u s t s h y o f c l a i m · Notice to th¿ Subscribers the various lodges to become more
a c t i v e not o n l y i n f r a t e r n a l w o r k b u t
sity grid t e a m , who is also a U k - m the J a m e s C . M u n c h A w a r d ~ I O F " S V O B O D A " A M > ·'UKRAINIAN
g a l s o in t h e v a r i o u s w a r w o r k . '_
r a i n i a n , r e c e n t l y j o i n e d the I b r i n e s g i v e n to t h e g r a d u a t e a t t a i n i n g t h e ! WEEKLY" T h e c o m m i t t e e elected at the m e e t ­
. . . J o h n n y D z i t k o , a U k r a i n i a n , h a s h i g h e s t a v e r a g e i n B i o a s s a y , but w a s W h e n changing your place of resid- i n g t o m a k e p l a n s f o r t h e c e l e b r a ­
recovered from a knee i n j u r y and is o u g t h e t o p t h r e e a n d received ence, be, sure to notify t b · home office
a m
tion o f t h e U . N . A . G o l d e n J u b i l e e
b a c k a g a i n c a l l i n g s i g n a l s f o r t h e h o n o r a b l e m e n t i o n . S h e will be e m - of "Svoboda" immediately thereby avoid-
ing any delay in delivery of newspaper a r e : N i c h o l a s Z a d e r e c k y , P r e s i d e n t , '
VHlanova Wildcats E d Prokop, i e d in t h e l a b o r a t o r i e s o f t h e |o new address. A b o , be sure to en- J . H i r n i a k and M a r y G a b r i w s k a , V i c e -
p 0 V

Georgia Tech's sensational b a c k / S m i t h , K l i n e & F r e n c h C o m p a n y i m - close ten ( t O ) cents in eOin ОГ stamps P r e s i d e n t s ; H a r r y K i s h e l a n d S t e l l a

m a y be a U k r a m i a n . W e ' l l c h e c k m e d i a t e l y f o l l o w i n g t h e c o m p l e t i o n o f to cover the co·t of making¯ a new *ten· P a l i v o d a , >Secretaries; a n d P h i l l i p
and advise I N P H I L L Y : F o r t y h e r P e n n s y l v a n i a S t a t e e x a m i n a t i o n s . cil. Canadian subscribers will please
members of the Ukrainian C a t h o l i c H e r f a t h e r is not n e w t o U . N . A . remit C O I N O N L Y , as stamps cannot be O l c h o v y , T r e a s u r e r .
redeemed. Stella Palivoda"
C a t h e d r a l C h o i r s a w t h e opera F a u s t o r o t h e r U k r a i n i a n a c t i v i t i e s in
a n v

a t t h e A c a d e m y o f M u s i c o n N o v . P h i l a d e l p h i a . H e is president o f b o t h
1 5 t h , a c c o r d i n g t o J o h n R o b a k , m u s i c U . N . A . B r a n c h 4 5 a n d t h e local U k -
lover and choir member T h e rainian Building & L o a n Association. A T T E N T I O N ! J E R S E Y СИТУ A N D UlCtNITVI
;
A l e x a n d e r Koshetz C h o i r of the U k - o i g a ' s b r o t h e r , E l i a s , is a L i e u -
r a i n i a n O r t h o d o x C a t h e d r a l d e l i g h t e d t e n a n t hi t h e F i e l d A r t i l l e r y o f t h e
t h e a u d i e n c e a t t h e U k r a i n i a n H a l l \j Army.
Masquerade Ball
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the Ukrainian National Association
A n o t h e r s p e a k e r , M r s . Stoirryn, U K R A I N I A N S , R U S S I A N S
ST. JOHN THE BAPTIST·SOCIr^TY
HAVE BRANCH 27b OF T H E UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASS'N
revealed that several hundred gifts COMMON F O E ONLY
w e r e sent o v e r s e a s t o Ukramian
T o t h e E d l t o r :
M T H U R N O V E M B E R 2 5 ,1 9 4 3
b o y s in t h e s e r v i c e b y t h e U k r a m i a n - f
American Women's League of A m e r - ' W e
wondering how m u c h of ther e A T - ' - U KtRAfNIAN N A T I O N A L H O M E
ica. F i n e work! Major Michael' c k > t
currently h e s
collected in the 181-183 FLEET STREET, JERSEY CITY, N. J .
D a r m o p r a v . p r o g r e s s i v e president o f | " C l o t h e s f o r R u s s i a " drive will be COMMENCEMENT A T * P . M. —::— ADMISSION 80 CENTS
the Ukrainian-American Citizen's s - ! A
d i s t r i b u
S the U k r a i n i a n s .t e d a m
3—^PRIZES F O R B E S T
o n
C O S T U M E S * - ~ 3
sociation at 847 N o r t h Franklin Ukraine and Ukrainians are bear·
m
Street, has his own own p o s t - w a r 4 S the b r u n t o f t h e N a z i - S o v i e t
p l a n s f o r t h e U k r a i n i a n H a l l . B o w l ­ t u s s l e s , a s g e o g r a p h y s h o w s . Y e t it
i n g a l l e y s , a new front, b u i l d i n g e x ­ i s t h e R u s s i a n s w h o a r e g e t t i n g a l l
p a n s i o n , b r o a d e r f a c i l i t i e s f o r re­ t h e credit f o r t h e g a l l a n t fighting.
c r e a t i o n a l a c t i v i t i e s , a r e a m o n g t h e A n d it is f o r t h e R u s s i a n s a n d not
iponsored by
d i s c u s s e d p l a n s . I t ' s s h a m e f u l , h o w ­ for t h e m o r e d e s e r v i n g U k r a i n i a n s
t h a t t h e c l o t h e s a r e t o be a l l o c a t e d .
e v e r , t o see g y p s y r e s i d e n t s a n d r u m ­
m a g e sale stores only a few yards T h i s discriminatory <aid s h o u l d Ukrainian Benevolent Drister Society
f r o m t h e m a i n U k r a i n i a n institutions c e a s e i f t h e g o o d will o f t h e 40,000,- BRANCH З « І V. N . ASS'N
on Franklin Street... Members of 000 U k r a i n i a n s i s desired.
t h e Ukrainian Cultural Centre tend­ Ukrainians are not Russians, and
e r e d a t e s t i m o n i a l dinner i n h o n o r d o n ' t w a n t t o be considered a s s u c h ,
Є U
,1943
o f M a r y ^Peskor, c r o w n e d *¾use~ V i c - e v e n t h o u g h t o d a y t h e y fight a c o m - ?
t o r y " , a t P a l u m b o ' s C a f e on A r - m o n foe. at St· George's Parfeh H a l l
mistice D a w . . . . . W A R F R O N T : I f ALEXANDER YAREMKO, 217-219 E A S T 6th S T R E E T NEW YORK-CITY
you read t h e w a r news, you'll notice E x e c u t i v e D i r e c t o r o f t h e
that Nicolai Vatutm^s First Uk- Ukrainian Cultural Center. FIRST CL·ASS M U S I C
(Philadelphia Record, C O M M E N C E M E N T at 7 P . * ¯ M . A D M I S S I O N I n c . T a x 58 cents
raine A r m y has taken the Ukrainian
capital. K i e v from the N a z i s a n d is N o v . 12, 1943)
sweeping westward toward the P o -
lish border, w h i l e F e e d or T o l b u k h m ' s A CORRECTION
F o u r t h U k r a i n e A r m y , m a n n e d by
Cossacks, took Perekop, escape junc-
tion from t h e C r i m e a n Peninsula, Philadelphia in the November 6th
In a news item by M . E l k o of
f On Ydur Christmas ShoppingList
thereby trapping several t h o u s a n d issue o f t h e U k r a i n i a n W e e k l y , c o n - ! ¡ A HISTORY O F UKRAINE by Michael Hrushevsky, published by the
N a z i s . T w o Other U k r a i n i a n A r m i e s , c e r n i n g P e t e r E l k o o f W i l k e s B a r r e , % Y»le University Press, hi English S4.W
t h o s e of R o d ion M a l i u o v s k y and I v a n Pa., l a t e s t a d d i t i o n t o professional j ; BOHDAN, HETMAN O F UKRAINE bv George Vernadsky, In the English'
Konev, captured Zaporbzhe a n d baseball, t h e r e w e r e s o m e e r r o r s .
language, ffubHshed by Yale University Press *2.50'
Dnepropetrovsk, t w o b i g D n i e p e r P e t e r is not five feet f o u r b u t s i x
R i v e r cities. T h e s e f o u r U k r a i n i a n feet one i n c h t a l l , a n d h e w a s a d d e d A S U B S C W P T III
O N T O T H E " S V C » O p A . ' * The rates for the
g e n e r a l s w i t h t h e i r U^krainian a r m i e s n o t t o t h e C h i c a g o W h i t e S o x b u t
¡!
"Svoboda** tre І 7 . 0 0 yearly, or #3.75 for six months. The rate
are beating the daylights out of Hit- t o t h e C h i c a g o C u b e r o s t e r o f t h e for the "TJkrifnlari'Weekly·' only | 2 . o b yearly.
ler's a r m y . ¢ D o n ' t f o r g e t y o u r s c r a p -
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i n g m a p s , headlines a n d w a r n e w s o n Pvt. Michael Elko, U· S. A r m y Visit o«r Bookshop. Books In Ukramian and E n « U»h !aAfua)r»· ¾rffl
Ukraine!)
94 3,000.000—almost %A billion over
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make excellent Ckristma« Gift» for the men in ·eric·.
Send all orders, together with amount due, to
the quota set for the drive. The un- ¡!
precedented sties·* to irtdrrhjuals—S5,- <½V О R O · D A"
The final figure for the T h i r d W a r
3 7 7 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0 — i n d i c a t e ' f¾at the number
L o a n , a n n o u n c e d b y U n d e r S e c r e t a r y o f o f bonds i s s u e d during the drive broke 8 1 - 8 3 G r a n d Street,
¡! (P. O . Box 3 4 6 ) J e r s e y C i t y 3 , N. J .
the T r e a s u r y D a n i e l W . B e l l , was. S i 8,- all records, ·.#·> -