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Central Tendency

Mean, Mode, Median, and Range

Kathleen A. Kaffenberg

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Instructional Objectives

v To review, apply and maintain graphing skills presented at


earlier levels
v To familiarize students with graphs using either horizontal
or vertical bars
v To apply data from content areas and real life to graphs
v To have students apply learned math skills to interpreting
a Stem and Leaf Plot and Histogram
v To have students find the mean of a set of data

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Mean

w Mean is an average found by adding all the


data in a collection and then dividing by the
number of data added.

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Mode

w Mode is an average found by locating the


most common item or items in a collection of
data.

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Median

w Median is an average found by locating the


middle number or the average of the two
middle numbers when the data in a collection
are listed in order.

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Tasks and Activities

Day 1 - Resource: Windows on Math


Objectives:
vTo develop a solid understanding of average by
using concrete materials
vTo define mean, one kind of average, with
respect to a series of studentsÕ names
Assessment:
vObserve how students find the mean by
answering questions in their Activity Book using
counters and six comic strips

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Tasks and Activities

Day 2 Ð Resources: Scott Foresman Exploring Mathematics


Objectives:
vTo read line plots
vTo find the median, mean, and mode of a set of data
Assessment: Complete workbook page

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Tasks and Activities
Day 3 Ð Resource: Mailbox, October/November 1996
Objectives:
v To measure studentsÕ heights using string
v To record the data on a response sheet
v To attach the response sheet to the board in order from least
to greatest
v To determine the range, mean, mode, and median of class
activity
Assessment:
v To have students create a bar graph using the data for mean
collected in the class activity
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Tasks and Activities
Day 4 Ð Resource: Windows on Math Activity 2
Objectives:
vTo reveal a series of objects to students for one minute.
vTo cover objects and have students write down the
names of as many items as possible in two minutes
vTo again review the objects and have students write
down the number of correct items.
vTo construct concrete graphs in groups reflecting the
number of correct items
Assessment:
vObserve how the students find the mean using connecting
cubes
vObserve how students rearrange cubes to determine mode
and median as well
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Tasks and Activities
Day 5 Ð Resources: Windows on Math disk presentation
Objectives:
vTo view ÒWeather WatchÓ to watch for the different data-
gathering methods mentioned in the movie.
vTo find the mean, median, and mode for a snowfall that was
measured in six different locations in northern Vermont
vTo find the mean, median, and mode for the temperature in
towns in Vermont
Assessment:
vTo give students sets of data that represent temperature
changes in imaginary towns and have them find the mean,
median, and mode for the high temperature

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Welcome to the Caribbean

w You will receive a slide of an island with one to five hotels.


w Name your island and hotel(s) and draw your island on the map of the
Caribbean.
w Create a simple brochure about your island and present the
information to the class.
w Enter the name of your island on the Data Explorer data sheet.

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Welcome (Continued)

5. After reviewing all the slides, which the teacher will update
with your groupsÕ information, and recording the data,
answer the following questions:
× What is the mode for the number of hotels per island?
× What is the mean number of hotels per island?
× What is the median number of hotels per island?
× Which of the three measures most fairly describes how
many hotels a visitor can expect of find on a typical
island in the archipelago? Why?
× Which of the measures gives the best idea of how easily
a visitor would get a hotel room somewhere in the
archipelago? Why?
6. Use Data Explorer to create a Stem and Leaf Plot and a
Histogram to check your answers.
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Caribbean Islands

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Island One

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Island Two

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Island Three

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Island Four

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Island Five

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Island Six

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Island Seven

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Island Eight

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Island Nine

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Island Ten

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The Finale
Suddenly, a hurricane struck the Caribbean and damaged one-
third of your hotelsÉbut thatÕs another lesson!

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