Two nation theory

(Muslim separatism)

Introduction India had never seen the abode of single nation Hindu and Muslims were quite separate and distinction nations.

Concept of nation Hartz says that consciousness is pre-request for nationhood. Iqbal said nation is nothing but unity of thought and this unity of thought is provided by religious ideology.

Nation in Indian context The existence of Muslim nation can be traced 1000 years back when Al-Baruni in Kitab-ul-Hind said that hindu and Muslim are two different and separate nation. Sir Sayeed used the words NATION for the Muslims of India
On 24th March 1940 jinnah said we are a nation and nation must have territory. Nations does not live in Air. It live on land, it mast have territorial state, that is what we went to get.

Hindu Muslim differences 1. Religious differences Stanly Walparates said Hindu polytism presents the most striking contrast to Islamic monotheism than any other religion in the world. 2. Political differences Islamic democracy an egalitarism faith. No discrimination . Hindus, the opposite 3. Economic difference Islam circulation of wealth Hindu; capitalistic economy 4. Social differences

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Evolution of two nation theory 1. Hindus exclusiveness and Muslim separation 2. Clash of two process of revivalism 3. Impact of British rule British polices resulted in Indian nationalism, later on it lead to Muslim Nationalism. 4. 5. Anti Muslims polices of Congress, Akhand Baharat scheme Role of Hindu militant organization Shadhi .. forcefully threw Muslims out of India Sanghatan militant training to Hindu 1920---1930,, provided blasphemous literature of defame Islam.

Significance of two nation theory Evoke political concessions Provided conceptual dynamism for Pakistan movement. Basis of Ideology of Pakistan.

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IDEOLOGY OF PAKISTAN (Muslim NATIONALISM)

EVALUATION 1883, Sir Syeed demanded a separate electorate for the Muslims British administrator, John bright in 1858 recommended the division of the India subcontinent into 5 regions on communal basis. Ch. Rahmat Ali NOW AND NEVER1933 Simply Pakistan comes into being as a result of movement which was based on an ideology called the ideology of Pakistan

Main components a. Islamic ideology - Universalism of Islam - Humanism - Complete code of life - Balance between individualism and collectivism b. Two nation theory - Hindu and Muslims are two separate nations. - It provided conceptual inspiration for Pakistan Movement Iqbal and ideology of Pakistan When Iqbal was elected the president of All India Muslim League in March 1932, iqbal sa id we should infuse Islam in our individual and collective lives. Which be helpful for a strong country.

Iqbals first letter to Jinnah 28 March 1937

the enforcement of Sharia of Islam is impossible in this country with out free Muslim state or states In his 2nd letter 21 July 1937 that the only way to a peaceful India on the redistribution of country on the lines of social , religious and linguistic affinities.

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Jinnah and ideology of Pakistan

On March 1940 Jinnah said Muslim is a nation according to any definition of Nation. They must have their homeland territory and a state. We wish to live in peace with our neighbors as free and independent people 2nd March we are a nation and nation must have a territory. Nations does not lives in air, it lives in land.

Why Pakistan was creating? Evolutionary factors of ideology. Ideological cleavage Impact of revivalist movements British rule of subjugations Role of Muslim personalities Cultural factor Desire for a separate state Pan-Islamic consciousness Jinnahs political sagacity Congress ministries Impact of WW(2) Significance of ideology of Pakistan 1. Basis for separate states 2. Basis for Pakistan movement 3. Guiding principle for the state of Pakistan 4. Basis for Pakistans unity

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Differences of two nation theory and ideology of Pakistan Two nation theory started

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