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Last modified August 20, 2007 COPYRIGHT Copyright Tucows Inc. All rights reserved.
Table of Contents
The OpenSRS Platform..........................................................................1 Tucows Products Available for Resale ...................................................1 Accessing the OpenSRS System...........................................................2 Definition of Terms ............................................................................3 Reseller Requirements .......................................................................5 Reseller Entrance and Qualification .........................................................6 The Administrative Component ............................................................6 The Technical Component ...................................................................6 Quick Start vs. Full Access ..................................................................7 Quick Start Implementation ................................................................8 PERL Client-Based Full Access Implementation ......................................9 Other Language Implementation........................................................ 10 Our Two Environments: Live and Test ................................................ 10 Using Non-ASCII Characters for Messaging ......................................... 11 Domain Registration and Management .................................................. 12 The Reseller Web Interface (RWI) ...................................................... 12 The RWI Login Journal ..................................................................... 12 Data Archiving ................................................................................ 12 RWI Options ................................................................................... 13 Domain Registration Administration ................................................... 14 Domain Name Lookup ...................................................................... 16 View Orders.................................................................................... 23 Transfer Views ............................................................................. 24 Cancel Orders ................................................................................. 25 Requests Queuing ........................................................................... 25 Refunds....................................................................................... 26 Messaging ................................................................................... 26 Domain Management ....................................................................... 27 View Domain................................................................................ 27 Search Domains Page ...................................................................... 30
Table of Contents Domain Name .............................................................................. 30 Search Criteria ............................................................................. 31 Registration Statistics ...................................................................... 32 Profile Management ......................................................................... 33 Reseller Password Recovery Options................................................... 36 The Manage Web Interface (MWI)...................................................... 36 The Domain Year............................................................................. 39 Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Registries ........................................... 39 Common Domain-Oriented Issues...................................................... 40 Reseller Contact Information for End Users ......................................... 43 Registration Service Provider Information in WHOIS ............................. 44 Custom Message for Registrants Contacting OpenSRS Support............... 46 Reseller Affiliates............................................................................. 47 Payments.......................................................................................... 48 Pricing ........................................................................................ 48 Wire Transfers ................................................................................ 48 Checks and International Money Orders .............................................. 49 Online Credit Card Payments............................................................. 49 Automated Check Handling (direct withdrawal) .................................... 52 Signing up for ACH ....................................................................... 52 Specifying ACH Payment Options .................................................... 53 Making a Manual ACH Payment....................................................... 54 Conditions for Automatic Top-Up and Manual Deposit......................... 54 Payment Information ....................................................................... 55 Financial Statements........................................................................ 57 Financial Statement HTML Results ................................................... 58 Refunds ......................................................................................... 59 Checking your Balance ..................................................................... 59 General TLD (gTLD) Registrations ......................................................... 60 DNS Requirements .......................................................................... 61 gTLD Qualification ........................................................................... 61 Quickstart Considerations ................................................................. 61 ii
Table of Contents gTLD Renewals ............................................................................... 61 gTLD Renewal Flow ....................................................................... 61 gTLD Renewals Features Overview .................................................. 62 The Reseller Web Interface and gTLD Renewals ................................ 63 Renewal Functionality from 90, 60, 30, 0 days and Passed Due Views .. 65 Individual gTLD Renewals .............................................................. 65 Bulk gTLD Renewals...................................................................... 66 Setting gTLDs to Auto-Renew ......................................................... 66 Auto-Renew all New/Transferred Domains ........................................ 67 Setting gTLDs for Non-Renewal ...................................................... 67 gTLD Renewals without Sufficient Funds .......................................... 68 gTLD Script/Client Considerations for Renewals................................. 69 gTLD Renewal Messaging ............................................................... 69 Reseller Renewal Reminders........................................................... 69 Configuring Registrant Renewal Reminders....................................... 72 Manually Sending a Renewal Notice to End-Users .............................. 73 Reseller Renewal Confirmation........................................................ 73 Registrant Renewal Confirmation .................................................... 75 Bounced Renewal Messages ........................................................... 75 The Manage Domain Interface and gTLD Renewals ............................ 75 DNS for Expired Domains ................................................................. 76 Archived Emails from OpenSRS ......................................................... 76 Pricing ........................................................................................... 77 auth_code for .INFO, .ORG, .BIZ, .NAME, .NET, .COM and .MOBI Domains .................................................................................................... 77 Managing gTLDs.............................................................................. 78 WHOIS Info .................................................................................... 78 Deletion of New Registrations............................................................ 80 Domain Locking .............................................................................. 80 Locking all New/Transferred Domains ................................................. 81 WDRP - Whois Data Reminder Policy .................................................. 81 Customizing the WDRP Message Sent to your Customers ...................... 83 iii
Table of Contents Viewing your Customers WDRP Message Status................................ 84 Changing the WDRP Message Contact Type ...................................... 84 .NAME gTLD ...................................................................................... 85 .NAME Reseller Qualification.............................................................. 85 .NAME Domain Formats and Availability .............................................. 85 Reserved and Restricted Names......................................................... 86 .NAME Registration Eligibility............................................................. 88 Email Forwarding............................................................................. 88 Registering Second- and Third-Level .NAME Domains without Email Forwarding ..................................................................................... 88 Registering a Third-Level .NAME Domain with Email Forwarding ............. 89 .NAME Renewals.............................................................................. 90 .NAME Transfers and Out-of-Zone Hosts ............................................. 90 .NAME Manage Considerations........................................................... 90 .MOBI............................................................................................... 91 Nameserver Requirements................................................................ 91 .MOBI Compliance ........................................................................... 91 Viewing Pending Orders.................................................................... 92 Viewing Submitted Orders ................................................................ 92 Country Code TLDs............................................................................. 93 .AT ................................................................................................ 94 .AT Reseller Qualification ............................................................... 94 .AT Residency Requirements .......................................................... 94 .AT DNS Requirements .................................................................. 94 .AT Renewals ............................................................................... 95 .AT Transfers ............................................................................... 95 .BE ................................................................................................ 96 .BE Contact Information ................................................................ 96 .BE Reseller Qualification ............................................................... 96 .BE Residency Requirements .......................................................... 96 .BE DNS Requirements .................................................................. 96 .BE Renewals and Registration Term ............................................... 97 iv
Table of Contents .BE Transfers and Changes of Ownership ......................................... 97 .CA................................................................................................ 99 .CA Reseller Qualifications.............................................................. 99 .CA Registration Considerations .................................................... 100 The CIRA Username/Password ...................................................... 104 .CA Registration Flow .................................................................. 104 Resending the CIRA Username and Password to the Registrant ......... 118 .CA Registrar Transfers (RWI) ...................................................... 118 .CA Registrar Transfers through the Reseller Client Code .................. 119 .CA Registrar Transfer Process...................................................... 120 Registrar Transfer Status Codes.................................................... 121 Forcing the Completion of Registrar Transfers ................................. 121 .CA Transfers Messaging .............................................................. 122 .CA Transfers away from your Reseller Profile ................................. 122 .CA Reseller to Reseller Transfers.................................................. 122 .CA Reseller Transfer Status Codes................................................ 123 .CA Reseller Transfers Messaging .................................................. 123 .CA Registrant Transfers .............................................................. 124 Managing .CA Registrations .......................................................... 128 Renewals................................................................................... 129 Ability to Set .CA Names for Non-Renewal ...................................... 131 Allow .CA Domain Changes without Registrant Approval ................... 131 Canadian Presence Requirements for Registrants ............................ 132 Which Registrant Name Rules Apply to the Various Legal Types? ....... 135 Descriptions of Registrant Types ................................................... 136 .CC.............................................................................................. 147 .CC Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 147 .CC Residency Requirements ........................................................ 147 .CC DNS Requirements ................................................................ 148 .CC Transfers ............................................................................. 148 .CH ............................................................................................. 150 .CH Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 150 v
Table of Contents .CH Residency Requirements ........................................................ 150 .CH DNS Requirements................................................................ 150 .CH Renewals............................................................................. 151 .CH Transfers ............................................................................. 151 .CN ............................................................................................. 152 .CN Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 152 .CN Residency Requirements ........................................................ 153 .CN Registration Process .............................................................. 153 .CN DNS Requirements................................................................ 154 .CN Deletions ............................................................................. 154 .CN Renewals ............................................................................. 154 .CN Transfers ............................................................................. 155 .CN Manage Considerations .......................................................... 155 .DE.............................................................................................. 156 .DE Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 156 .DE Residency Requirements ........................................................ 157 .DE Registration Process .............................................................. 157 .DE DNS Requirements ................................................................ 157 Registering IDN .DE Domains ....................................................... 158 .DE Expiries/Deletions ................................................................. 159 .DE Renewals ............................................................................. 159 .DE Transfers ............................................................................. 160 .DE Transfers to Tucows .............................................................. 160 .DE Transfers away from Tucows .................................................. 161 .DE Reseller to Reseller Transfers.................................................. 161 .DE Manage Considerations .......................................................... 161 .DK ............................................................................................. 162 .DK Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 162 .DK Residency Requirements ........................................................ 162 .DK DNS Requirements................................................................ 163 .DK Renewals............................................................................. 163 .DK Transfers ............................................................................. 163 vi
Table of Contents .ES .............................................................................................. 164 .ES Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 164 .ES Residency Requirements ........................................................ 164 .ES DNS Requirements ................................................................ 164 .ES Renewals ............................................................................. 165 .ES Transfers ............................................................................. 165 .EU.............................................................................................. 167 .EU Contact Information .............................................................. 167 .EU Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 167 .EU Residency Requirements ........................................................ 168 .EU DNS Requirements ................................................................ 169 .EU Renewals and Registration Term ............................................. 169 .EU Transfers and Changes of Ownership ....................................... 169 .FR .............................................................................................. 172 .FR Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 172 .FR Residency Requirements ........................................................ 172 .FR DNS Requirements ................................................................ 173 .FR Renewals ............................................................................. 174 .FR Transfers ............................................................................. 175 .IT............................................................................................... 176 .IT Reseller Qualification .............................................................. 177 .IT Residency Requirements ......................................................... 177 .IT DNS Requirements ................................................................. 177 .IT Renewals .............................................................................. 178 .IT Transfers .............................................................................. 178 .MX ............................................................................................. 180 .MX Reseller Qualification............................................................. 180 .MX Residency Requirements........................................................ 180 .MX DNS Requirements ............................................................... 181 .MX Renewals............................................................................. 181 .MX Transfers............................................................................. 181 .NL .............................................................................................. 182 vii
Table of Contents .NL Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 182 .NL Residency Requirements ........................................................ 182 .NL DNS Requirements ................................................................ 183 .NL Renewals ............................................................................. 184 .NL Transfers ............................................................................. 184 .TV .............................................................................................. 185 .TV Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 185 .TV Residency Requirements ........................................................ 185 .TV DNS Requirements ................................................................ 185 .TV Transfers ............................................................................. 186 .UK ............................................................................................. 187 .UK Top-Level Registration Restrictions .......................................... 187 About Nominet ........................................................................... 187 Reseller .UK Qualification ............................................................. 188 .UK DNS Requirements................................................................ 188 Quick Start Considerations ........................................................... 188 Pricing ...................................................................................... 188 .*.UK Registration Considerations ................................................. 190 Asynchronous Processing ............................................................. 190 Managing .*.UK Registrations ....................................................... 192 .*.UK Renewals .......................................................................... 193 .*.UK Domain Expiration and Grace Period ..................................... 193 *.UK Transfers ........................................................................... 194 Changing Retry and Failure Reporting Settings................................ 197 .*.UK Deletion Requests .............................................................. 198 WHOIS Info ............................................................................... 198 Modification of Contact Info - WHOIS Considerations ....................... 199 WHOIS Opt-Out.......................................................................... 200 .US.............................................................................................. 201 .US Reseller Qualification ............................................................. 201 .US Registration Considerations .................................................... 202 .US DNS Requirements ................................................................ 203 viii
Table of Contents Modifications to the Reseller Web Interface for .US .......................... 204 The .US Auth_code ..................................................................... 204 .US Registration Flow .................................................................. 205 .US Registrant/Registrar/Reseller Transfers .................................... 205 .US Deletion Requests ................................................................. 205 Reseller Pricing for .US ................................................................ 205 .US Manage Considerations .......................................................... 205 IDN (Internationalized Domain Name) Registrations.............................. 206 IDN Registration Agreement............................................................ 206 Reseller Web Interface for IDN Registrations ..................................... 206 IDN Renewals and Registration Periods............................................. 207 IDN Transfers ............................................................................... 207 IDN WHOIS Info............................................................................ 208 Viewing IDN Orders using the RWI ................................................... 208 Converting to Punycode and Verifying Punycode Compliance ............... 208 Changing your Browser Settings to View IDNs ................................... 209 IDN Bulk Registrations Process Overview .......................................... 210 Entering data in Punycode for Bulk Registrations................................ 211 Creating an IDN Flat File ................................................................ 212 Creating a Flat File...................................................................... 213 Useful Steps for Resellers not Running Office 2000 .......................... 213 Submitting Bulk IDN Registrations ................................................... 214 IDN UDRP Considerations ............................................................... 215 IDN Pricing ................................................................................... 215 IDN Supported TLDs and Languages ................................................ 216 .COM, .NET, .CC, .TV................................................................... 216 .ORG ........................................................................................ 219 .INFO........................................................................................ 220 .BIZ and .DE .............................................................................. 220 Bulk Changes .................................................................................. 221 Restrictions by TLD for Type of Bulk Change...................................... 221 The Bulk Domain Change Management Page ..................................... 222 ix
Table of Contents Identifying the Domains to which to Apply a Bulk Change.................... 222 Making Bulk DNS Changes .............................................................. 223 Making Bulk Contact Changes ......................................................... 225 Locking and Unlocking Multiple Domains ........................................... 226 Assigning Parked Pages to Multiple Domains...................................... 227 Renewing Multiple Domains ............................................................ 228 Viewing Queued Bulk Change Requests ............................................ 229 Suspending or Resuming a Bulk Change Request ............................... 229 Canceling a Bulk Change Request .................................................... 230 Terminating a Bulk Change Request ................................................. 230 WHOIS Privacy ................................................................................ 231 Reseller Qualification...................................................................... 231 Product Overview .......................................................................... 231 Enabling WHOIS Privacy for a New Domain ....................................... 232 Enabling WHOIS Privacy for an Existing Domain .............................. 232 Enabling WHOIS Privacy for Multiple Domains ................................. 232 Enabling WHOIS Privacy when Transferring a Domain ...................... 233 Validating WHOIS Privacy Requests ............................................... 233 Contact Privacy Registrant Verification Page ................................... 234 WHOIS Privacy Request Not Confirmed .......................................... 235 Canceling a Pending WHOIS Privacy Request .................................. 235 Disabling WHOIS Privacy ................................................................ 235 Viewing Domains with WHOIS Privacy............................................ 236 Searching for Domains with WHOIS Privacy....................................... 236 Changes to the Manage Web Interface.............................................. 236 WHOIS Rate Limiting ..................................................................... 237 Access Limits for Port 43 WHOIS ..................................................... 237 WHOIS Rate Limit Error Messages ................................................... 238 Order Queuing ................................................................................. 239 Viewing Queued Requests ............................................................ 240 Parked Pages................................................................................... 242 Setting up your Business with Parked Pages ...................................... 242 x
Table of Contents Extending your Branding to Parked Pages ......................................... 243 Checking your Parked Pages Revenue Report .................................... 244 Searching for Parked Pages within Domains you Manage ..................... 245 Adding Parked Page Service to an Existing, Non-Expired Domain.......... 245 Adding Parked Page Service when Registering a New Domain .............. 246 Adding Parked Page Service when Transferring a Domain.................... 246 Adding Parked Page Service when Renewing a Domain ....................... 247 Adding Parked Page Service to Multiple Existing Domains .................... 248 Tucows Insight ................................................................................ 249 Technical Support ............................................................................ 253 Peer Based Support ....................................................................... 253 Other Documentation ..................................................................... 253 Communication Methods ................................................................ 254 The OpenSRS Web Site .................................................................. 254 Data Constraints .............................................................................. 255 Registry Errors................................................................................. 257
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This document discusses the provisioning and management of domain names through the OpenSRS system. For documentation on the provisioning of Tucows' other services (Blogware, Digital Certificates, Email, Email Defense, Managed DNS, and Website Builder) please consult the User Guides available from the Documentation page in Reseller Resource Center. You will need your Reseller username and password in order to access this page.
Introduction
Quick Start
Quick Start Access is a web-based solution hosted by Tucows for Resellers. Quick Start Access allows you to quickly and easily enter orders manually through the Reseller Web Interface or RWI. Because this is a manual process, you are wholly responsible for both collecting and distributing order information to your customers, a function that is fully automated with a Full Access implementation. With Quick Start implementations, however, there is no need for code development.
Introduction
Note: The public management interface does not provide some features, such as renewals. These are functions that are accessible and modifiable only through the client code, as oftentimes Resellers must tie specific functions to other functions in their Full Access implementations. For example, renewals cannot be performed through the public manage function as you must secure payment before a renewal transaction can be processed.
The Tucows OpenSRS model allows you to be a one stop shop as far as your clients are concerned; Tucows is, in most marketing respects, transparent to the End User in the purchase and management of Internet services. You must maintain an account balance with Tucows in order to register domain names. Prices vary by product; for pricing information, please refer to the specific sections of this document. For each registration (or renewal/transfer), the appropriate amount of money is withdrawn from your account balance. You must remit a payment (prepay) before you can offer registrations to your clients. Insufficient funds means a transaction is not processed (and an appropriate error is generated).
Note: You can make payments into your account before your account is actually made active; this allows Resellers who have completed their system testing to start registering domain names as soon as they go live.
Definition of Terms
The following terms are used throughout this document: Term
Generic Top Level Domain (gTLD) Country Code Top Level Domain (ccTLD)
Definition
gTLDs are generic top-level domains that are not associated with any country. Currently, Tucows OpenSRS supports the following gTLDs: .com, net, .org, .info, .biz and .name. ccTLDs are country code top-level domains. Every country, and some territories in the world have a reserved, two letter country code domain that is theirs to use as they see fit. Some countries run their own ccTLD registry, others outsource it to a private company, and still others sell rights to their ccTLD to third parties to run as they see fit. Examples of ccTLDs are .CA (Canada), .US (United States), and .UK (United Kingdom). In general, these domains are registered by businesses or individuals with a link to the particular ccTLD. For example, .TO is used more by Torontonians than Tongans and .TV has more American television content than by members of the native Tuvalu culture.
Domain Registrar
A "Registrar" (or "Domain Name Registrar") is an organization like Tucows or Verisign Registrar Services that has control over the granting of domains within certain TLDs (top level domains, like the generic .COM/.ORG/.NET or country-specific .CA/.US/.MX etc.).
Introduction Term
Domain Registry
Definition
The 'Registry' is the system backend that is maintained by the operators of the TLD. Registrars write new names to a central registry database, from which the authoritative root (essentially, a table of all domain names) is built. Verisign Global runs the registry for .COM, .NET and .ORG, Neustar runs the .BIZ registry, and Afilias runs the .info registry to which qualified registrars have shared access. In the case of many ccTLDs, the registry and registrar functions are combined within one entity. A Registrant is the person or company who registers a domain name. For example, Jessica Smith (Registrant) registers the name jessicasmith.com through OpenSRS (Registrar) who in turn writes the name to the central database (Registry). OpenSRS is a wholesale provisioning service that uses Open Source principles to ensure equal access for as many companies and individuals as possible. Tucows has been accredited as a domain registrar by ICANN, Neustar, Afilias, Global Name Registry, Neulevel, CIRA, and Nominet. Resellers acquire products or services through Tucows and then resell them to individuals or businesses. Under the Tucows OpenSRS business model, Resellers own the entire business relationship with their customers. Tucows Resellers are generally Internet based service providers, either running a domain registration business as a 'value add' to their core business, or in some cases, as their core business. Resellers are also responsible for providing all technical support to domain registrants. The RWI is the web interface for OpenSRS Quick Start Resellers. All purchases, including registrations, transfers, renewals and domain administrative settings available to Quick Start Resellers are offered through the RWI. The MWI is the interface through which Registrants actually manage contacts and nameservers that are associated with their domains. A customizable version of our manage.cgi is included in our client software; we also maintain a public manage interface at http://manage.opensrs.net.
Domain Registrant
Introduction
Reseller Requirements
Before you can offer name registrations through Tucows, you must meet the following basic requirements as well as the Quick Start or Full Access requirements: Basic Requirements ! Ability to process payments from end-users; essentially collect money from your customers, unless you are not planning on charging them, or are registering names for internal use only. ! Ability to support your customers; telephone and/or email support options to handle inquiries from your end users; documentation for your end users. Quick Start Requirements ! Internet access. ! Name servers, or access to name servers; required if you want the names you register to resolve (work) on the Internet. Full Access Requirements ! A dedicated connection to the Internet with a static IP address. ! A web server that allows CGI execution (for example, Apache, http://www.apache.com/). ! Perl5 (Practical Extraction and Report Language) http://www.perl.org/ if you are choosing to use our Perl-based client. ! Cryptography PERL modules, downloaded separately from CPAN http://search.cpan.org/ see the OpenSRS PERL Client Manual for details. ! Enough PERL knowledge to customize our PERL client. or enough expertise in your preferred development language to access the shared libraries and build your own client interface using our API.
Once you have decided which implementation you want to use, please see the relevant section for more information:
Quick Start Implementation PERL Client-Based Full Access Implementation Other Language Implementation
Getting Started
Offer personal, high touch management of customers. Purchase in volumes of less than 150 per month. Manage products on behalf of customers. Order each domain or digital certificate individually. Are willing to allow management through Tucows supplied online interface.
Key Features of Quick Start ! Complete administrative control of OpenSRS functionality. ! Easy technical implementation. ! Asynchronous transaction processing. ! Manual product provisioning interface. ! Public registration management interface. ! Products provisioned individually.
Full Access
Full Access offers a technically advanced implementation that automates and streamlines processing of product orders for you. It is particularly well-suited to Resellers who:
! ! ! ! ! !
Offer Internet Services as either core business or gateway products. Purchase in volumes greater than 150 per month. Require automation of ordering and management of products. Prefer management is done directly by end-users. Have customers requiring a larger number of bulk orders, that is, individual customers may order 25 domain names at a time. Prefer to offer management through a custom interface hosted on their own website.
Getting Started
Key Features of Full Access ! Streamlined administrative control of OpenSRS functionality. ! Technically advanced implementation. ! Real-Time transaction processing. ! Automated product provisioning interface. ! Customizable registration management Interface. ! Bulk product provisioning available.
In addition to the test environment, you also have access to the Live system and, if you have already established an account, you can begin registering domains right away. You cannot begin registering domains until you have established an account balance with Tucows. For information on payments, please see "Payments".
Getting Started Once you have access to the live/production environment, there are a few last steps to complete: 1. Decide whether to process orders immediately or have orders sit in a queue for review before processing. 2. Optionally, customize the message that registrants receive once their domain registration is processed. 3. Customize the message that you receive (if enabled) when a domain registration is processed. 4. Update the default name server information under Modify Technical Contact Information in the RWI. 5. Ensure that your contact information is appropriately configured under Emergency Contact Information in the RWI.
Once you have access to the live/production environment, there are a few last steps to complete:
Getting Started 1. Optionally, customize the message that registrants receive once their domain registration is processed. 2. Customize the message that you receive (if enabled) when a domain registration is processed. 3. Update the default name server information under Modify Technical Contact Information in the RWI. 4. Ensure your contact information is appropriately configured under Emergency Contact Information in the RWI. 5. Modify the configuration so that scripts are communicating with the Live environment by changing a setting in the opensrs.conf file, then generate a new private key for encrypted communication between the Reseller client and Tucows server. You must also contact ritebc@opensrs.org with the IP address from which your clients will be contacting the Tucows server, so that Tucows allows the traffic through.
The Test environment can be accessed via shared web interface (Quick Start) or customized scripts (Full Access). Similarly, there is an end user Manage Domain interface for the Test environment that can be accessed via shared web interface, or customized scripts.
Note: Registrations submitted in the Test environment are not actually registered.
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Getting Started The following table shows the URLs of our interfaces in the Live and Test environments: System Reseller Web Interface Manage Domain Interface Test https://horizon.opensrs.net/ resellers/ http://managetest.opensrs.net/ Live https://rr-n1tor.opensrs.net/resellers/ http://manage.opensrs.net/
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Data Archiving
To optimize system performance, Tucows archives older data on a regular basis. Your data is always preserved and the archived data is easily accessed. You can be assured that data is not archived for at least 6 months. The archiving schedule varies depending on the type of data, with more frequently accessed information retained in the Live environment for a longer period. For example, declined orders may be archived after 6 months, but Domain notes are not archived for at least 2 years. Where data is archived, you will see a checkbox that says Search archived data. If your search does not produce the results you want, you can select this checkbox to expand your search by viewing archived data.
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RWI Options
The RWI looks like this (there are many more options than shown):
The following sections describe the features available to Resellers via the RWI. 13
Place Order Manually This textbox allows you to enter the domain name (including TLD) that you want to register. All TLDS except .CA are supported; to register a new .CA domain, use the Place Order Manually for .ca link. Enter the domain name in the Place Order Manually field, and then click New Order. The system checks the availability of the domain name and opens the New Domain Registration Form page. A message is displayed at the top of the page that tells you whether the name you entered is available. If the name is available, complete the form and click Submit to submit the order. If the name is not available, you can enter another name in the Search Domain field at the top of the page and click Check Availability. For all new orders, the system checks the DNS settings that are on the Tech Contact Information page and auto-populates the DNS Information fields in the New Domain Registration Form. If necessary, you can override the autopopulated entries in the DNS Information fields and enter the 14
Domain Registration and Management nameservers that apply to this new domain. The nameservers entered on the New Domain Registration Form always take precedence over the entries in the Tech Contact Information page. Transfer a Domain This is where you can initiate a domain transfer. When you type the domain in the text box and click Transfer, the Transfer Form for [domain name] page opens. The Transfer Form for page allows you to enter and submit the transfer request. You can provide nameservers during a transfer order. Once the transfer is completed, you can change the nameservers again. Place Bulk Order Manually This interface allows for the registration of multiple domain names by using a file (upload).
.CA Orders
Place Order Manually for .CA This is where you register new .CA names. Place Transfer Manually for .CA This allows you to place a transfer for a .CA domain name View .CA Blocked Orders When a .CA domain name registration is requested that conflicts with an existing .CA domain name (for example, an order for chuck.on.ca conflicts with chuck.ca), a special process is invoked. This interface allows you to see the status of these orders.
.MOBI Orders
View Completed Orders Shows orders that have been processed. View Pending Orders Shows orders that are pending.
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.EU Orders
View Processed Orders Shows orders that have been processed. View Waiting Orders Shows orders that are waiting to be processed. View Pending Orders Shows orders that have been processed and are pending. View Declined Orders Shows orders that have been declined.
.DE Orders
View .de Domains Waiting for Activation This is where a special process is invoked to provide an interface that allows you to see the status of these orders.
.US Orders
Place Order Manually for .US This is where you can register .US names.
.NAME Orders
Place Order Manually for .NAME This is where you can register .NAME domains. Place Transfer Manually for .NAME This allows you to place a transfer for .NAME.
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Domain Registration and Management In order to provide you with the largest selection of names from which to choose, Tucows allows you to widen your search to include, not only domain names that are supplied by Tucows, but also domain names that may be purchased from external (non-Tucows) suppliers; these are referred to as Premium domains. Many desirable domain names may already be taken, but the owners are willing to sell them for a price. When you perform a domain name lookup that includes Premium domains, the search results show whether the name you entered (or similar names if you also selected Display Suggested Names) is available from a non-Tucows supplier, and also indicates the purchase price of the available Premium domain names. You can then purchase these Premium domain names through the Tucows RWI.
Note: Premium domains that are purchased cannot be transferred away for 60 days.
To search for domain names 1. In the Order Management section, select the type of results that you want to see by selecting one or more of the following: Suggested Names Premium Domains ! Generic TLDs ! ccTLDs 2. In the New Domain Lookup field, enter a name, word, or phrase, and click Check Availability. The system checks the availability of the name you entered for all of the domains for which you are a Reseller. If you selected Display Suggested Names, it also returns a list of similar names that are available. If you selected Display Premium Domains, the results include domain names that may be purchased from non-Tucows suppliers, as well as the associated cost.
! !
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3. Do one of the following: If the list includes an available name that you want, click Register. The New Domain Registration Form opens and autopopulates the Domain Name field with the selected domain name. ! If there is a Premium name that you want, click Purchase. The Premium Domain Form opens and autopopulates the Domain Name field with the Premium domain name. Once you submit the completed order form, it is processed like any other domain name registration, except that the new expiry date for the domain will be one year from the old expiry date for that domain. Note: Due to the additional checks that are required to confirm availability and obtain Premium domains, the purchase process may take slightly longer than a new domain registration.
! To perform another search, enter a new name in the Domain Name Suggestion for field, and click Search.
For example, if you select Display Suggested Names and Display Generic TLDs, and then you enter toy store in the New Domain Lookup field, the system returns a list of domain names that match or are similar to what you entered, and tells you whether the names are Available or Taken. If you also select Display Premium Domains, the search results include toy store (or similar) domain names that are for sale from non-Tucows suppliers, and shows how much it would cost to purchase each name.
Note: If a domain name has the status Undetermined, it means that the system could not connect to the applicable Registry to find out whether the name is available or not.
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Domain Registration and Management In the Available Related Domains section, you can choose the TLDs you want to see by selecting the appropriate checkboxes. The available domain types are those for which you are a registered Reseller. When you check the availability of a name, the service returns name suggestions for only the TLDs that you select. You can also specify the number of suggested domain names that you want to see on the page by selecting a number from the drop-down list; you set the default on the Name Suggestion Management page.
Note: If a domain name has been registered within the last 24 hours, the Name Suggestion feature might indicate that it is Available, even though it is not. This is because the information that is used to determine availability could be up to 24 hours old. If you try to register a domain that was registered by someone else within the last 24 hours, a message informs you that the domain is not available.
2. Select Yes or No to determine whether alternate domain names are suggested when you check the availability of a domain name. 3. In the Default Results Display Value drop-down list, select the default number of related domain names that are displayed. 4. Click View to access the Name Suggestion Statistics page, which displays the number of lookups that are performed each month. Note: Statistics for the current month are not displayed, and only six months of data can be viewed. Click on a month to display the number of lookups performed each day.
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If you set a display option to No on this page, you can still manually select the corresponding checkbox in the New Domain Lookup section of the main RWI page to see the related results; however, you will have to reselect it each time you do another search. 2. Select Yes or No to select whether to display generic or ccTLDs when you check the availability of a domain name or search for suggested names. 3. Click View to access the Check Availability Statistics page, which displays the number of lookups that were performed each month. Note: Statistics for the current month are not displayed, and only six months of data can be viewed.
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Domain Registration and Management 4. Click on a month to display the number of lookups performed each day.
2. Select Yes or No to determine whether Premium domain names that are available from non-Tucows suppliers are displayed when you check the availability of a domain name. 3. Click View to access the Premium Domains Statistics page, which displays the number of lookups performed each month. Note: Statistics for the current month are not displayed, and only six months of data can be viewed. 4. Click on a month to display the number of lookups performed each day.
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View Orders
View Pending Orders
This feature allows you to view orders you have entered into the system as pending, using several criteria. These orders are not acted on until you enter this area and approve them. Also, if an order fails for any reason, (for example, incorrect registration term or bad phone number format), it is put into this section for you to review. This function was primarily designed to work with the Full Access implementation of OpenSRS, where end users submit orders, you mark them as pending, and then approve them (perhaps after getting payment). You also have the option to select all pending orders for processing or cancellation by clicking the [+] button at the top of either the process or cancel column.
Note: Orders that have been in a pending state for more than 30 days, with 30 days of inactivity, are automatically canceled.
Under certain circumstances, the Tucows system sends a notification email to the Reseller Technical Contact when an order enters Pending Orders status. The criteria are as follows: Process Orders Immediately is set to Yes. ! handle flag via the API is set to process. ! Reseller has sufficient funds in their account. This feature is disabled by default, and you can enable this notification via Tech Contact Information.
!
Following is the order information: Domain: Reg-type: Order ID: {{domain}} {{reg_type}} {{order_id}}
More information may be found in the order notes for this request under "Pending Orders". OpenSRS Support
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Transfer Views
Waiting Owner Approval
This view shows transfer orders awaiting the Administrative contact approval/declination.
Transfers Away
Domains in this view show domains that have a request to be transferred to another registrar or reseller. 24
Cancel Orders
Use this setting to cancel pending and/or declined orders that were created more than X number of days ago. To cancel both pending and declined orders, select both. The default setting is 100 days.
Note: If more than 500 orders exist, only 500 will be canceled at a time.
Requests Queuing
Settings
Use these settings to have the OpenSRS system automatically queue transactions if a supplier (registry) is offline or having communications problems. Once the supplier is available, the queued orders will automatically be processed. You can choose which supplier(s) you would like to have orders queued for.
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Domain Registration and Management To search for domain name registration data that is older than 16 months, on the Search Reg System Orders page, select the Search archived data checkbox and resubmit your search. You can narrow your search by completing the fields in the Advanced Search section, for example, to search for archived transfer orders, select Transfer from the Registration Type drop-down list.
Refunds
Domain Refunds
This link opens the Domain Refund page, where you can enter and submit the domains that will be revoked and refunded.
Messaging
View Templates Message List
This link opens a list of message templates that you can use to send messages registrants.
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You can change the editable portions of message templates, or preview messages. For details about the messages, such as sample content, see the applicable section in this user guide.
Domain Management
View Domain
Use this feature to drill down to an individual domain record, review expiry information and domain names, and apply changes to a domains renewal setting. If you do not see all the notes and charges that you expect to see, you can view the archived data. To optimize system performance, Tucows archives older data on a regular basis. Your data is always preserved and the archived data is easily accessed. To view notes older than 28 months, on the Domain Notes page, click View archived notes. To view charges older than 16 months, on the Domain charges page, select the View archived charges checkbox and click Search.
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Domain Registration and Management In this section, you can also choose to enable Parked Pages, and specify whether or not to display ads on the Parked Pages. For more information on parked pages, see "Parked Pages Service" and "Extending Your Branding to Parked Pages".
Search Domains
This feature allows you to specify search criteria and view a list of all domains successfully registered with or transferred to OpenSRS, and their renewal dates. Note the output option that allows Resellers to output the results table for any Search Domain queries to a comma delimited file. For more information, see "Search Domains Page".
Domain Redemption
This feature allows you to submit an OpenSRS Redemption Request Form to redeem expired domain names before the 30-day redemption grace period ends.
WDRP Management
Select this option to open the WDRP Views page. This page provides a number of options that allow you to view the status of WDRP messages sent to your registrants. WDRP stands for Whois Data Reminder Policy, and is an ICANN requirement with which all accredited registrars must be compliant.
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Domain Name
In this area, type a domain name and select the status of the domain for which you are looking. Wildcards can be used to represent part of the domain name if necessary.
Status Definitions
All Active All live domains that are currently sponsored by Tucows that reside in your Reseller profile. These include domains that are set to let-expire status.
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Domain Registration and Management All Deleted All domains that were once active in your profile, but have since become inactive, due to transfer, expiry, or explicit deletion request.
!
! !
! !
Deleted HistoricalThe status Deleted Historical is used to flag all domains that were rendered inactive due to expiry, transfer, or deletion request prior to version 2.4 of the OpenSRS server software. Deleted ExpiredThe status given to names that are inactive in your profile because they expired. Deleted TransferredThe status given to names transferred from your OpenSRS profile either to another OpenSRS reseller, or to another Registrar. Deleted-By RequestThe status given to names deleted by explicit request from the Reseller. Deleted AuctionThe status given to names that have been removed from your profile and sold by auction.
All Deleted Archived All domains that were once active in your profile, but have since become inactive, due to transfer, expiry, or explicit deletion request. This status includes all of the domains that were deleted at least 16 months prior to the current date. To optimize system performance, Tucows archives older data on a regular basis. Your data is always preserved and the archived data is easily accessed.
Search Criteria
You can narrow your search by completing any of the following sections: Whois Privacy Status Select whether the WHOIS Privacy status is Enabled, Disabled, Pending, or Suspended. Parked Pages Status Select whether the Parked Pages service is Enabled or Disabled. Search by Registration Date and Renewal and Expiry Date These areas allow you to search for domains by choosing a range of dates. Search by Contact/Organization You can use email, first name, last name, and organization name as search criteria. Searches based on contact information support wild card searches and are case sensitive. Search Results The Search Results page lists all domains that meet your search criteria.
Note: Domains set to let expire will not be returned in the renewal list.
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Search Results Domain List Each domain is listed with current information about its registry and expiry dates, its name, lock state, and the initial and total cost of the domain. Click View in the Charges column to see details about the domain charges. If you do not see all the charges that you expect to see, you can view the archived data. To optimize system performance, Tucows archives older data on a regular basis. Your data is always preserved and the archived data is easily accessed. To view charges older than 16 months, on the Domain charges page, select the View archived charges checkbox and click Search.
Note: Only expired charges are archived; active charges are always retained
in the Live, non-archived view. Sort Search Results You can sort search results by clicking the Date Registered, Expiry Date, or Domain Name column header. The View link opens a screen that shows the total charges for the domain.
Registration Statistics
Tucows Insight
Tucows Insight offers reporting and monitoring tools that assist you in managing your business. This includes Business Reporter, which is a package of business reports related to your Tucows transactions. Future releases will include other packages. See section 18 of this guide for more detail.
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Profile Management
Reseller Contact Information
Use this section to provide contact information for someone in your organization who can be contacted for important updates, such as new version releases or downtime announcements. You also use this area to specify the email addresses that should receive OpenSRS system announcements, low account balance notifications, and new payment notifications (you can specify multiple addresses such as Admin Contact and Tech Contact, etc.). This area is also where you specify the address to which all paper correspondence is sent.
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Payment Information
Use this section to specify the threshold for your low account balance warning. You set your limit in dollars, and when your account is drawn to that limit, an email is sent to the address that you specify.
Financial Statements
Here you can view up to 4 months of financial statements in HTML format or download the financial statements as CSV files.
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Domain Registration and Management 3. Click the Add Entry button after each additional entry. To reset your list of domains to the previous version saved, click the Restore Values button. 4. Click the Save & Retrieve Code button. A new page opens that includes the Authorized Tucows Reseller Seal code and instructions for implementing the code on your web pages. 5. Implement the code on your websites, following the instructions provided. You may add domains to your list at any time via the link in the RWI - Tucows Authorized Reseller Seal.
You are only allowed a maximum of five (5) rules. If you already have five and want to add an additional rule, you must remove one of the existing ones. You can only add IP addresses with ranges from 25 to 32.
View Announcements
This area keeps archives of all Live Reseller Updates (LRUs) sent to the address listed in the Tech Contact Information section. If you are experiencing unusual system behavior, sometimes an explanation can be found in an LRU contained in this section.
Logout
Click this link to end your session. 35
2. In the Reseller Modification Form, scroll down to the Send Resellers Password field and select No to disable password recovery
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Domain Registration and Management You may choose to implement your own customized version of the manage interface and build specific functionality into it (templates are included in the Full Access scripts). OpenSRS also maintains a shared manage interface (at https://manage.opensrs.net) for Resellers who do not run their own manage interface. The shared OpenSRS manage domain interface looks (something) like:
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Manage Profile
This allows you to:
! ! !
Change the username and password that controls a domain name, typically to transfer control of the domain to someone else. Move this name to another OpenSRS profile, to either transfer control of the name to someone else, or to organize name control. Assign a sub-user access to manage either parts of, or all information related to this name.
Organization Contact
This is where you can view and edit information about the company or entity associated with the domain you are managing.
Note: The organization that .CO.UK, .ORG.UK, or .CA names are registered to cannot be changed using this interface. For details on changing the Organization contact for these TLDs, please refer to the section covering the TLD you are interested in.
Admin Contact
This is the person or entity who has the authority to make changes to domain records.
Billing Contact
This is the contact who is responsible for billing issues with regard to this domain's registration. In order to avoid interruption in service, the registration fee must be up to date at all times. This record should be accurate in order to maintain renewal fees properly.
Technical Contact
This is the contact who is considered authoritative for this domain name as related to Web hosting, mail, and other DNS records. This is typically an ISP or Web Hosting Provider but it can be anyone the Registrant chooses. By default, this information is initially populated from the Resellers Technical Contact profile, set in the RWI.
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Domain Extras
Shows information that does not apply to other sections, such as AUTHCODE (for .info/.biz/.us/.name domains).email forwarding options (for .name domains) and .us Nexus information.
Reseller Contact
This section shows the Registrant who their Reseller is and allows them to opt-out of showing this information via WHOIS.
Domain Locking
This section shows registrants whether their domains are currently locked or unlocked. If a domain is locked, transfers and DNS modification cannot be made until the domain is unlocked. By default, the lock/unlock feature is enabled so that domain owners can lock or unlock their domains in the Public Manage Interface. You can disable this setting in the RWI, so that domain locking is not visible in the Public Manage Interface.
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Domain Registration and Management Currently, the Tucows domain name offering breaks down into synchronous and asynchronous as follows: Synchronous
.com, .net, .org, .ca*, .biz, .info, .name, .tv, .vc, .us
Asynchronous
.co.uk, .org.uk, .ca*, .de
Processing time for asynchronous registries varies by registry; for example, .UK registrations, can be completed in less than five minutes; however, it can take longer based on circumstances beyond the control of Tucows. As a result, it is important to set realistic expectations with users when they place orders with you. You can check the status of a submitted order anytime through the Reseller Web Interface (RWI). *There are both synchronous and asynchronous elements to .CA names. Most elements are synchronous, but certain contact changes are considered critical and require confirmation from the registrant.
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Domain Management
Send WDRP reminder message E-Mail Sub-User Password to the Admin Contact (admin@domainname.com) E-Mail Sub-User Password to the Owner Contact (admin@domainname.com)
Click any of the links to send the login and password to that contact. Note that some email software and mail servers may not deliver the mail properly for a number of reasons, though the most common cause is anti-SPAM software.
Redemption Period
The Redemption Period is a 30-day, Registry-imposed hold period for domains that occurs after OpenSRS has instructed the Registry that the domain should be dropped. Domains will have reached the REDEMPTION PERIOD state if they have been EXPIRED for at least 40 days, were NOT renewed by the owner or Reseller, and the drop domain process has run. Normally domains are deleted at this point, but the REDEMPTION PERIOD provides the owner with one last chance to recover the domain before its dropped and potentially re-registered by a new owner. The Redemption process is costly, both in fees and in effort. Registrants should be discouraged from using the Redemption Period and encouraged to renew domains before expiry or during the grace period when a renewal can be conducted with the registry in real time and for no additional cost. If you have any questions about the current cost of the Redemption, you can contact your Account Representative or sales@opensrs.org. 41
Domain Registration and Management To bring a domain out of Redemption Period status 1. Verify that the domain is really in the Redemption Period using the Registrys WHOIS, for example: http://www.crsnic.net/ for .com and .net http://www.pir.org/whois_search/ for .org Domains in redemption will have a status of "Redemption Period" or "Pending Delete Restorable". 2. Ensure that your Reseller account has sufficient funds to cover the cost of the redemption. 3. Go the Reseller Web Interface, and under Domain Management, click the Domain Redemption link to open the OpenSRS Redemption Request Form.
4. Once you complete and submit the request form to redeem the domain and accept the incurred cost, the domain is brought out of Redemption, a Renewal Year is added, and the domain is inserted into its own domain profile. If it was previously part of a grouped profile, it will now be separate. 5. You will receive an email letting you know that the Redemption is completed. You should communicate this directly to the Registrant.
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The purpose of most of the fields is generally self-evident, and since saved changes are immediate, you can WHOIS a domain and see how the output changes. The information above would create the following output when performing a WHOIS lookup on TUCOWS.COM:
Registrant: Tucows Inc. 96 Mowat Avenue Toronto, Ontario M6K3M1 CA Domain Name: TUCOWS.COM Administrative Contact: Contact, Administration 96 Mowat Avenue Toronto, Ontario M6K3M1 dnsadmin@opensrs.org
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DNS1.TUCOWS.COM
DNS2.TUCOWS.COM DNS3.TUCOWS.COM
216.40.37.11
216.40.37.12 207.136.98.110
Note: Registrants can disable this feature for their particular domain, even if you have the feature turned on globally, through Manage Domain interface. This is not available via the Public Manage Interface, and must be enabled via your own client scripts. Note: Disabling this feature only disables Reseller Contact output in the WHOIS; registrants can still see this information in the Reseller Contact section of the Manage domain interface.
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Keep in mind that text inside the entry box will stretch the browser window if you put in a long line of text. For the example above, hard returns were put at the end of each line to keep the formatting consistent.
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Reseller Affiliates
Resellers who have their own Reseller or affiliate base can use an optional Affiliate ID field to track this business. If you don't have a Reseller or affiliate business model or you don't want to track this information, this field can be ignored. At the time an order is placed (i.e. new domain purchase, or transfer) your Reseller/affiliate can enter their Affiliate ID in the order template. You may use this information to track which Reseller/affiliate placed the order. For renewals, the affiliate id that you entered at the time of the original purchase will default on to the renewal order once the domain has been renewed. For end-user transfer messages, you will have an affiliate ID variable if you want to include it. Order confirmations can be turned on or off for a particular Affiliate. In the RWI, Resellers can modify this setting via "Tech Contact Information" under "Email message to customer: Configure Message". Simply create your affiliate's name and choose whether or not to send the email. Renewal or transfer email confirmations cannot be controlled by Affiliate ID.
! ! !
Allowed characters: A-Z, a-z, 0-9 Maximum characters: 100 Optional if no affiliate, leave this field blank
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Payments
OpenSRS accepts pre-payment by wire transfer, check, international money order, credit card, and Automated Check Handling (direct withdrawal). We do not accept payments remitted in currencies other than U.S. Dollars (USD). Your first payment to Tucows for use within the OpenSRS system can be made any time after youve set up an account. Once you've established a balance in your account, you are ready to register domains in the Live environment. All Canadian Registration Service Providers must pay 7% Goods and Services Tax. For information on tax rebates, please refer to the Canadian Customs and Revenue Agency web site at http://www.ccra-adrc.gc.ca.
Note: Tucows recommends that you purchase at least one month's worth of credits at a time. Depending on the payment method that you choose, it can take up to two business days after payment is received to apply your payment to your account.
Pricing
For information on pricing for Tucows' services, see the pricing page in the Reseller Resource Centre: http://rrc.tucows.com/
Wire Transfers
When remitting a payment via wire transfer, please send a confirmation email to payments@opensrs.org with the your company name, OpenSRS user name (if you have one), date, originating bank, amount of the transfer, and the account name in which the transfer was conducted. Wire transfer remittances will be applied to your account within one business day of receipt. Please ensure that your company name or OpenSRS user name appears in the sender section of the wire transfer.
Note: That there is a $15 processing charge for remittances by wire transfer for amounts under $5000.00. Add this amount to any remittances submitted via this method.
Wire transfers should be submitted to: MT100 HSBC Bank USA, New York, N.Y. SWIFT: MRMDUS33 Pay to HSBC Canada- A/C 000-050881 For account: 362 -003 -068-070 Beneficiary: Tucows.com Co.
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Payments
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Payments
Security Checks OpenSRS has adopted two widely used credit card security measures to protect against credit card fraud: AVSAddress Verification System. We check the address included with your payment against the address that your credit card company has on record. Be sure that the address you provide is the address to which your Credit Card is registered. ! CVVCard Verification Value. CVV or CVV2 is a newer standard in credit card security. All credit cards are now issued with three extra digits appended to the card number on the back of the card, that do not show up anywhere else, except in the credit card company's database. These three numbers are used to ensure that the person making the purchase has (or has had) actual possession of the credit card. The following image shows an example of a CVV number.
!
Note: American Express cards have a 4 digit CVV number, on the front of the card, but the process works the same way.
If you have problems processing an online credit card transaction using the CVV number, (or your card does not have a CVV number), please contact payments@opensrs.org. Manual Review Occasionally our credit card clearinghouse manually audits a transaction; we have NO control over when this happens. When it does, our system rejects the transaction and you may try again using another card, or using some other means of payment.
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Payments
Using the Online Account Update System The following screenshot shows the basic payment submission page:
To make a payment, simply fill in all the fields with the appropriate information, and click the Continue button. The Online Credit Card Payment page opens.
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Payments Once you enter valid Credit Card information (including the CVV2 number) and click Charge, the payment confirmation page opens.
Reviewing Payments You may review your online credit card account updates via the normal Payment Information Screen in the RWI. Online credit card payments will show as "RWI Online Credit Card Payment". Also, on your credit card statement, your OpenSRS payments is displayed as "Tucows *OpenSRSrspusername". For example, if your username was acme, this would be "Tucows *OpenSRSacme".
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Payments
Payments
You've enabled automatic top-up. Your available balance is less-than or equal-to the ACH Low Account Balance Threshold. Your current balance is equal-to or greater-than your minimum account balance. Your ACH pre-authorized amount is equal-to or less-than the threeday maximum amount that Tucows assigned to your account. The three-day maximum amount is shown in the banking information page.
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Payments
Payment Information
The Payment Information page in the RWI allows you to see important information about your account balance, and update payment and notification options.
Field
Payment Information Current Account Balance
Description
This is the total amount of money contained within your account, including all amounts allocated for domain transfers and asynchronous registrations. This figure represents the money required to process any transfers that are currently in progress. If the transfer completes successfully, the appropriate amount is fully removed from your account. If the transfer fails, the money is returned to your account.
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Payments Field
Amount Allocated for New Registrations in Progress
Description
This figure represents the money required to process any asynchronous registrations that are currently in progress. If the registration completes successfully, the appropriate amount is removed from your account. If the registration fails, the money is returned to your account. This figure represents funds allocated to process transactions other than new registrations and transfers. This is the amount available in your account for new registrations and transfers, not including any amounts already allocated for orders in process. When your account balance drops below this threshold, an email is sent to the addresses specified, reminding you to add more money to your account. You can enter a maximum of two email addresses, separated by a comma. Include the email address to which you want your low balance notification sent. Low balance applies to all payment methods. This section allows you to choose to receive a monthly statement by email. If you choose to receive a monthly statement by email, the statement is sent to the email address specified in this field. If a previous statement was sent, the date of that statement is shown.
Automated Check Handling Information Note: The following fields are available only if you have been enabled for Automated Check Handling. Enable Automated Payment Once you've submitted your banking information and Tucows has enabled you for Automated Check Handling (ACH), you need to select Yes to activate the auto top-up feature. If you're enabled for ACH, and your account balance drops below the amount specified in this field, an email is sent to remind you to use ACH to add funds to your account. If you've activated the ACH Pre-Authorized Amount option (see below), funds are automatically withdrawn from your bank account when your Reseller account balance drops below this amount.
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Payments Field
ACH Pre-Authorized Amount
Description
This field enables you to use the automated topup option with ACH. When your Reseller account balance drop below the amount set in the ACH Low Account Balance Threshold field, funds are automatically withdrawn from your bank account and deposited to your Reseller account. The amount you specify in this field is the amount you authorize Tucows to withdraw from your bank account when your Reseller account balance drops below the threshold. Include the email address to which you want your ACH low balance notification sent. Notifications of automatic top-ups are also sent to this address. Click View to see your banking information. This information is used to withdraw funds from your bank account to add funds to your Reseller account.
Financial Statements
We can provide financial statements that show a detailed transaction listing for your account on a monthly basis.
Note: This feature is only available for contact transactions dated July 2002 or later.
The Help link provides a description of the options in the interface, and an explanation of the results. You can select any month thats currently available in the system. If you want to view a web page, you can opt for 10, 20, or 30 transactions per page (more results are available on subsequent pages). Optionally, you can download all transactions for a specific month into CVS format.
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Payments
OpenSRS Monthly Statement The following statement summarizes your account activity during the Statement Period.
Statement Date: 27-JUN-2005
01-JUN-2005
Payment Summary
Opening Balance: $7791.00 Opening Hold Balance: Total Payments: Total Taxes: Total Handling Fees: $300.00 $0.00 $0.00 ($8.00)
Total Domain Renewals: ($178.00) Total Domain Transfers: ($221.00) Total Domain Refunds: Total Cert Refunds: Other: Closing Balance: $49.00 $0.00 $0.00 $6073.50 Total Hold Transactions: ($4.00) Closing Hold Balance: Available Balance: $6061.50 ($12.00)
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01MAY Domain 9703 Purchase 200 5 01MAY 970 Hold 6 Transaction 200 5
new tranbill1.com 1 y
10.0 0
7781.0 0
8.00
7789.0 0
Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 of 23 >> >| If you opt to select a CVS file, it contains the summary information in the first segment, then a listing (comma separate values) of all the transaction details (Date, ID, Transaction Type, Description, Debit, Credit, Closing Balance).
Refunds
OpenSRS refunds any unused account balance within two weeks of receiving a written request. We will not refund any portion of your account balance that has been used for domain registrations, renewals, or transfers.
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Registration Considerations
There are no special requirements for registering gTLDs. Any organization can get as many available names as they are willing to pay for. Registration in the gTLDs is done in real-timethe OpenSRS system sends commands to the Verisign Registry, which replies immediately with either confirmation of the requested change, or the appropriate error message. In either case, the result of the transaction is displayed for the Reseller (or in some cases, the end user) immediately.
Note: The only exception is for gTLD Registrar transfers, which are explained in the OpenSRS Domain Transfers guide, available from the Documentation page.
The following screen shows the basic domain contact structure. Information from any contact can automatically be filled in for any subsequent contact (for example, the administrative contact can be marked same as Registrant Contact etc.).
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DNS Requirements
When registering gTLDs, you can provide up to 13 functional nameservers per domain.
gTLD Qualification
In order to resell gTLDs to your clients, you need to:
! ! !
Read, sign, and fax the gTLD Registration Contract to OpenSRS. Post the gTLD Registrant Agreement and ICANN UDRP on your site, and clearly bind your clients to them. Establish an account balance with Tucows.
Quickstart Considerations
Using the Quickstart interface you can only register or transfer one domain at a time. To implement more advanced features like bulk order processing and credit card integrations, consider a Full Access implementation.
gTLD Renewals
A renewal transaction is final, and cannot, under any circumstances, be canceled. Please be sure that you fully understand this before you attempt any domain renewals. We have no way to retrieve money from the registry for domain years purchased through renewals, and so we cannot refund Resellers who renew names in error.
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General TLD (gTLD) Registrations The following diagram represents this process:
Views for 90, 60, 30, 0, Past Due, Deleted Names. Email Reminders for 90, 60, 30, 1, Past Due to Reseller. Email Reminders for 90, 60, 30, 5, 0, Past Due to Registrant. Email Confirmation to Registrants/Resellers to confirm successful domain renewal. Bulk Renewals. Ability to set names for auto-renewal. Ability to set names for NON-renewal.
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General TLD (gTLD) Registrations The following table explains the elements in the RWI: Element
Renewal Views Names expiring in the next 90-61 days Names expiring in the next 60-31 days Names expiring in the next 30-0 days Deactivated names (0-40 days past expiration date) Expired names (deleted) Search domains Names auto-renewing in 30 days Search domains set to auto-renew Search domains set to let-expire Renewal Settings Configure daily RSP renewal reminder email Configure daily end user renewal reminder email Configure renewal order processing messages Allows Resellers to enable and configure an email report of names coming up for renewal (details below). Allows Resellers to enable and configure email reminders to end users for names coming up for renewal (details below). Allows Resellers to enable and configure email confirmations of processed renewals to both the end user and the Reseller. (details below). Shows a list of domains expiring in the next 90-61 days. Shows a list of domains expiring in the next 60-31 days. Shows a list of domains expiring in the next 30 days. Shows a list of domains that are passed their expiry date, but not yet deleted. Names are deleted if they reach 40 days passed their renewal date and have not been renewed. Shows a list of expired domains. Shows a list of all domains. Shows a list of domains auto-renewing in 30 days. Shows a list of domains set to auto-renew. Shows a list of all domains set to let-expire.
Description
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Renewal Functionality from 90, 60, 30, 0 days and Passed Due Views
Resellers can renew domains from any of the tables in the renewals section, except Expired Names. The tables are presented as follows, with renewal functionality described below.
Table Header
Domain Name Expiry Date Renewal Setting Renew Renewal Term WHOIS Privacy WHOIS Privacy Expiry
Description
The domain name that is due for renewal. Click this header to sort results by domain name. The expiry date of the domain up for renewal. Click this header to sort by expiry date. This drop-down list shows the current renewal setting and allows you to choose a different renewal option. Click this checkbox to renew the domain. Use the drop-down list to choose the number of years for which to renew the domain. Indicates if WHOIS Privacy was purchased for the domain. Indicates the expiry date for the WHOIS Privacy service if it was purchased for the domain.
If youve made changes on this form, click Submit to submit your renewal setting changes.
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Note: Resellers must be sure to maintain a sufficient account balance that is capable of sustaining auto-renewals; an auto-renewal transaction will not succeed if there are not sufficient funds in your Reseller account.
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General TLD (gTLD) Registrations To navigate to the information page for a domain 1. From the RWI main page, in the Domain Registration Administration section, click Search Domains. The Search Domains page opens. 2. Scroll to the bottom of the Search Domains page, then click Results to HTML page. The Search Results page opens. 3. In the Domain Name column, click the link for the domain. The domain information page opens. To set a domain for renewal through normal notification 1. From the domain information page, in the Change Domain Renewal Settings section, ensure the Let Domain Expire radio button is selected. 2. Click Update Settings. The result is displayed at the top of the page, indicating if the instruction was successful. To set a domain for automatic renewal 1. From the domain information page, in the Change Domain Renewal Settings section, select the Auto Renew radio button. 2. Click Update Settings. The result is displayed at the top of the page, indicating if the instruction was successful. To set a domain for non-renewal 1. From the domain information page, in the Change Domain Renewal Settings section, select the Let Domain Expire radio button. 2. Click Update Settings. The result is displayed at the top of the page, indicating if the instruction was successful. Note: ICANN rules require registrars to send a renewal message for a domain. Selecting Let Domain Expire results in a message being sent in order to comply with this requirement.
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Note: This is the only circumstance where a renewal order error sends an email to the Reseller.
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General TLD (gTLD) Registrations 3. Select the interval when you want to send the email to your end users. You can choose 30, 60, and 90 days before the domain expiry date as well as 10 days after the expiry date. Send upcoming renewal report email messages to yourself daily, even if there are no domains expiring within the next 90 days? Send upcoming renewal report email messages to yourself daily, only if there are domains expiring within the next 90 days. Never send upcoming renewal report email messages to yourself.
Choose this setting if you want to receive renewal reminders, even if there are no domains set to expire in the following 90 days Choose this setting if you want to receive renewal reminders only if there are domains set to expire in the following 90 days Choose this setting if you do not want to receive renewal reminders
Resellers receive this message in plain text. The email reminder message tells Resellers: Status of Daily Reseller Reminder Messages (on/off) ! Status of Daily Registrant Reminder Messages (on/off) ! Names to be deleted (> 40 days overdue) on that day ! Names to be deactivated (0 days) on that day ! Names expiring in 90, 60 and 30 days ! Names Auto-renewed on that day (auto-renew occurs 30 days before expiry date) ! Names set to hit the Auto-Renew date in the next 60 days Resellers can customize messages by changing the editable portions of the Daily RSP Renewal Reminder message template. To find this message template, choose the View Message Template List option on the RWI and navigate to the Domain renewal Messaging section of the template list.
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The following names have been deactivated today and will be deleted in 40 days. Domain Name, Expiry Date, Billing Contact, Owner Contact, Tech Contact, Admin Contact <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN>
The following names will expire in 30 days: Domain Name, Expiry Date, Billing Contact, Owner Contact, Tech Contact, Admin Contact <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN>
The following names will expire in 60 days: Domain Name, Expiry Date, Billing Contact, Owner Contact, Tech Contact, Admin Contact <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> The following names are set to 30 day auto-renewal in 60 days: Domain Name, Expiry Date, Billing Contact, Owner Contact, Tech Contact, Admin Contact <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN> <DOMAIN>,<EXPIRY_DATE>,<BILLING>,<OWNER>,<TECH>,<ADMIN>
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4. If you are a Platypus customer, you can include in the renewal email, a URL that directs registrants to a page where they can renew and process their payments through Platypus. Click Enable Renewal Links and enter the URL in the Renewal Link URL field. Use the following format: http://www.myhostname.com/projects/ccs/index.php/manageaction?s ervicetype=domain&options [target]=renew&options[domain]={{domain_name}}
If you are not currently a Platypus customer, but would like to know more about the Platypus billing system, see http://resellers.tucows.com/backoffice/platypus.
5. Edit the contents of the default messages as needed. You can change the From and Reply-To addresses as well as the message body. 6. Click Preview the xx Day Renewal Reminder Message to see your changes before you commit them, or click Reset this message to default content to discard your changes. 7. Click Save Changes to save the changes that you made.
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! !
The DNS settings are changed if the domain is not renewed 15 days past its expiry date. Expired domains are not placed on hold at day zero for the TLDs .COM, .NET, .ORG, .INFO, .BIZ, .NAME, .CC and .TV. The original DNS settings for the expired name are saved so that if the registrant wants to renew or redeem the domain, their original DNS settings can be restored. If an internet user tries to go to an expired domain they see a 404 error. If an internet user uses the URL of the Tucows nameservers, they reach a white labeled page that explains that the Registrant should contact their service provider to renew the domain.
Account balance is below reseller threshold. Transfer Failed, Insufficient Funds. Registration Failed, Insufficient Funds. Monthly Billing Statement for Reseller.
View Announcements
All the Live Reseller Updates (LRUs) are contained within the View Announcements section. LRUs contain information about new product offerings, functionality changes, and system performance issues.
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Pricing
The current cost for gTLD registrations can be found in the RRC (Reseller Resource Center) at https://rrc.tucows.com/ You need your Reseller login information in order to access this page. ICANN charges an additional $0.25 surcharge to register each gTLD. This applies to domains in the .COM, .NET, .ORG, .INFO, .BIZ, and .name domains. You can view this charge in the RWI under View Completed Orders.
auth_code for .INFO, .ORG, .BIZ, .NAME, .NET, .COM and .MOBI Domains
Once registrants successfully register a .INFO, .ORG, .BIZ, .NAME, .NET, .COM, or .MOBI domain, they are provided an auth_code which is a secret pass phrase that shows verifiable proof of ownership of a domain. This is specific to the registry technologies employed by the .info registry. This code should be kept secret, and is separate from the management username/password that is required to manage your OpenSRS domains. You may obtain this information via the Manage Domain interface, or from the current Registrar of record.
3. A confirmation dialog appears. Click OK to confirm that you want to send the auth_code. An email containing the auth_code is sent to the admin contact.
Note: "auth_codes" are not used with the other gTLDs.
Managing gTLDs
To manage gTLDs, advise your clients to use Tucows Manage Domain interface, using the username and password they selected when registering or transferring the domain.
Note: It is possible for Resellers to offer domain management as a service; Tucows simply requires Resellers to provide a means for their clients to make changes to their domain name.
WHOIS Info
With the new shared registration system model, the nature of the WHOIS server has changed. Traditionally, the InterNIC/NSI Registry maintained the WHOIS server for .COM, .NET and .ORG domain names, and a single query returned full WHOIS data including registrant, administrative contact, billing contact, technical contact, and nameserver information. The Old Way:
A single query returned full WHOIS data. The New Way: In the multi-registrar model, each registrar maintains a WHOIS server containing contact and nameserver information for the domains registered with them. The InterNIC maintains a central, registry WHOIS server, which simply contains nameserver and registrar information for all .COM, .NET and .ORG domains.
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To find out the registrar of record for a domain, consult the registry WHOIS server, at: http://www.internic.net/whois.html The output from the registry WHOIS query indicates the website address and WHOIS server address for the domain's registrar of record, where full contact information can be found. Key Points ! Only the WHOIS server of a domains' Registrar of record can be considered authoritative. ! Some Registrars configure their WHOIS server to perform a 'registry lookup' for other Registrars' domain names; some will even go so far as to perform a lookup on another Registrar's WHOIS server. However, the only sure way to check domain availability or get contact and expiry information is to perform a WHOIS query with the domain's Registrar of record. As a convenience, the OpenSRS WHOIS server is configured to check other Registrars' WHOIS databases. ! Many WHOIS databases are not updated in real-time, so you can make a change to a record, but the change does not appear in the WHOIS output until the next day. OpenSRS' WHOIS server is updated in realtime for all domains for which we are the Registrar.
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Note: There is no grace period and no refunds available for deleting .EU and .BE domains.
Domain Locking
Domain locking prohibits certain changes to a domain. If a domain is locked, transfers and DNS modification cannot be made until the domain is unlocked. Resellers can now enable Registrants to change the lock setting for their domain in the Public Manage Interface. By default, the lock/unlock feature is enabled so that domain owners can lock or unlock their domains. To set domain locking 1. In the RWI main page, click Tech Contact Information. 2. Scroll down the page to the Domain Name Options section. 3. Enable or disable the domain locking setting for domain owner use.
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Locking supported: .COM, .NET, .ORG, .BIZ, .VC, .US, .CC, .TV, and .INFO Locking not supported: .CA, .DE, .UK, .CH, .NL, .FR, IT, BE, AT
From: Whois-verify@{reseller_email} Sent: Tuesday, September 21, 2004 09:00 AM To: domain_admin_contact@ sampledomain.com Subject: Whois Data Confirmation Dear Valued Customer, ICANN, the organization responsible for the stability of the Internet, requires that each domain name registrant be given the opportunity to correct any inaccurate contact data (WHOIS data) associated with a domain name registration.
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NOTE: Please do NOT reply to this message. This is an outgoing message only.
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General TLD (gTLD) Registrations 2. Click Edit to open the Edit WHOIS Data Reminder Policy page. The page contains several customizable fields where you can add or change information: From AddressType your email address here if you want to provide it to your customers. Replies to the WDRP message will not be sent to this address; your customers will have to create a new message and address it using the address you enter in this field. From NameType your business name in this field to identify yourself as the sender. Replace the variable {{manage_url}} with your contact information (URL, Reseller manage URL, email, phone number, etc.). If you do not replace this variable, the Tucows Manage page will be sent to your customers. Customize other fields such as {{domain}} or type additional messages where applicable. We recommend that you add Do not reply to this message; this is an outgoing message only at the end of your WDRP message. 3. Click Save. Your message preview appears. 4. Review the message and then click Confirm.
2. Click one of the view links to view a list of registrants. For example, click the View Domains with WDRP message sent link to see the list of registrants whose WDRP messages have already been sent.
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.NAME gTLD
The .NAME namespace is the only generic Top Level Domain (gTLD) authorized exclusively for private individuals. It allows domain registrations on the second and third domain levels. Second level .name registrations allow Registrants to register domains like johnsmith.name; third level .NAME registrations allow registrations to register domains like john.smith.name. The .NAME registry is run by Global Name Registry (GNR). Their website can be found at http://www.nic.name. Domains may be registered for 1, 2 or 10 year periods.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.NAME Agreement Once Tucows has received the email and has checked your website, Tucows will reply to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .NAME registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
email forwarding for a domain, you must purchase email forwarding and the domain registration in the same order.
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.NAME gTLD Format .NAME domains according to one of the following examples:
! ! ! !
All two-letter combinations on the second level (for example, ab.name, ie.name, li.name, xi.name) All pure numbers on the second level (for example, 101.name, 534231.name) All labels with hyphens in the second and third character positions (for example, "bq--1k2n4h4b") All of the following second levels:
aero apnic aso celebrity com dns edu famous findyourname getyour globalregistry gov iab icann imap afrinic arin biz cert coop dnso etsi findyour finger getyourname gnr gtld-servers iana iesg info alerts arpa celeb certificate directory dotname example findyourfamily ftp global gopher hostmaster iana-servers ietf int
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.NAME gTLD
internic itu ldap museum namedomain nic ntp pop3 registeryour rfc-editor scp snmp theglobal theglobalregistry w3c yourname irtf lacnic login myname nameregistry nntp org pro registeryourname ripe security tel theglobalname thenamedomain whois zone istf latnic mil name net no1 pop pso registry root-servers smtp telnet theglobalnameregistry thenameregistry www
All of the following third levels (where ____ is any second level): ! www[1,100].____.name (e.g. www1.____.name, www23.____.name) ! mx[1,100].____.name ! ns[1,100].____.name ! mail.____.name ! email.____.name ! wap.____.name ! http.____.name ! directory.____.name ! dir.____.name ! genealogy.____.name The following names, which the registry will delegate to an appropriate third party ! Jesus.Christ.name ! Santa.Claus.name
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.NAME gTLD
Email Forwarding
Email forwarding is available for third-level .NAME registrations only. Email forwarding is not available for second-level .NAME domains. Third-level .NAME registration with email forwarding cannot be transferred into Tucows with the forwarding functionality. Email forwarding can only be added at time of registration. When you purchase a third level .NAME domain, you can also include an existing email address to which email sent to the .NAME domain will be forwarded. The email address associated with a third-level domain is created based on the domain name. Depending on the domain name, the forwarding email address will be structured according to one of the following examples: firstname@lastname.name for a domain like firstnamelastname.name ! lastname@firstname.name for a domain like lastnamefirstname.name Note: There is an additional cost for the email forwarding feature.
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.NAME gTLD
Note: Once the order is processed, you cannot add or remove an email forward.
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.NAME gTLD
.NAME Renewals
Except for the following points, renewal features for .NAME are the same as they are for .COM, .NET and .ORG. You can renew either the domain or the domain/email forward bundle, depending on what you purchased. ! Upon renewing a domain, you cannot upgrade to a domain/email forward bundle. ! Upon renewing a domain/email forward bundle, you cannot downgrade to a domain. Tucows will hold a .NAME domain for 40 days after the expiry date. On the 40th day the name is deleted from our system. It then takes the .NAME registry 1 to 7 days to delete it from their system and make it available to the general public.
!
Contact changes cannot be made while the domain is locked. Registrants can obtain the Auth_code (used in transfers) via the Manage Domain interface.
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.MOBI
.MOBI is the only generic Top Level Domain (gTLD) designed to deliver the Internet to mobile devices. Domain names can be registered for one to ten year terms. .MOBI names must adhere to these rules: Must be at least 3 characters in length. ! Can include numbers (0 through 9), English language letters (A-Z), and a hyphen (-). ! Must begin and end with either a letter or a number. ! Do not include spaces and special characters. ! Cannot use hyphen (-) as the third or fourth character. See the RRC for the a list of reserved and draft premium names: http://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/mobi/
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Nameserver Requirements
Domains will only resolve if nameserver data is included in the initial registration application. If you intend to assign a site to your .MOBI domain, but are unsure which nameservers to submit with your application, submit the OpenSRS nameservers ns1.mdnsservice.com and ns2.mdnsservice.com, and use the Managed DNS service to delegate traffic once the site is live.
.MOBI Compliance
The .MOBI Registry will regularly audit all .MOBI sites to ensure .MOBI compliance. Compliance ensures that the site has been optimized for display on mobile devices.
Any non-compliant .MOBI domains will have 60 days to become compliant. If a domain fails to comply within 60 days, the Registry will remove the domain from the zone file and the site will no longer resolve. Resellers will be contacted regarding their customers' non-compliant sites.
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.MOBI
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.AT
.AT is the TLD for Austria, and is regulated by the nic.at registry. Registration of .AT domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .AT domains. Management of .AT domains can be done at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.AT Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and has checked your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .AT registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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.AT Renewals
.AT domains must be renewed at least 28 days prior to their expiry date. If the domain is not renewed by the 28th day, Tucows changes the billing contact to that of the registrant. The registry then contacts the owner about renewing the domain. If the owner does not respond, with payment, by the expiry date, the domain is deleted. Once the domain is deleted, the owner must contact the Reseller to reactivate the domain. The domain can be transferred back with a regular Transfer request.
.AT Transfers
To initiate a transfer, the registrant contacts the new Registrar and notifies them that they want to transfer their domain. The Registrar then initiates the transfer request through the RWI. To transfer a domain 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.at page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. 6. Complete the .AT transfer form found at http://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/at/ATTransf ers.pdf and fax it to +1.4165385454 ATTN: Tucows Service Bureau. Tucows processes the request and notification is sent once the transfer is complete.
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.BE
.BE is the TLD for Belgium, and is regulated by DNS.BE. Registration and management of .BE domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .BE domains.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.BE Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .BE registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar through the RWI. A Change of Ownership (also referred to as a Trade) transfers ownership of a domain name from one registrant to another. The current owner of the domain contacts their Reseller/Registrar, and the Reseller enters the new information in the RWI.
.BE Transfers
To initiate a transfer, the registrant contacts the new Registrar and notifies them that they want to transfer their domain. The Registrar then initiates the transfer request through the RWI. To transfer a domain name 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 97
Country Code TLDs 3. Click Transfer. The Transfer Form for <domainname>.be page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry (DNS BE). The registry sends an email to the registrant asking the registrant to confirm the transfer. Confirmation must be received within 14 days in order for the transfer to be completed. If confirmation is not received within 7 days, another email is sent to the registrant as a reminder.
Note: If confirmation is not received with the required 14 days of the initial request, the transfer is cancelled.
When the transfer process is complete, a new 12 month term starts from the date of the transfer, and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
When the change in ownership process is complete, a new 12 month term starts for the domain name and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
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.CA
.CA is the country code TLD for Canada, and its features include: Client: ! .CA registrations, renewals and registrar transfers ! Autorenewals Server: ! .CA registrations, renewals and registrar transfers ! Autorenewals ! Do not renew flag About CIRA The Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA) is a not-for-profit Canadian corporation that is responsible for operating the .CA Internet country code Top Level Domain (ccTLD) for all Canadians in an efficient and professional manner. Tucows has partnered with CIRA to offer .CA domain registrations to qualified Tucows resellers.
no longer runs a test system. As a result of this, resellers can no longer test .CA registrations/lookups using the OpenSRS test environment at https://horizon.opensrs.net/resellers/. In order to apply for access to sell .CA names from our live environment, Resellers must: Remit a new Reseller contract to Tucows authorizing you to act as an OpenSRS .CA domain reseller. The contract can be found at: http://resellers.tucows.com/opensrs/contracts/#tld ! Bind your customers to the .CA registration terms, a copy of which can be found at: http://resellers.tucows.com/opensrs/contracts/#tld OpenSRS supports the registration of .CA TLDs via the Reseller Web Interface (RWI); however, as with previous versions of OpenSRS, the Quick Start method does not offer the full range of options that are available to Resellers with the Reseller Client implementation.
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Meaning
The advance registration has been submitted to CIRA, and accepted as properly formatted
To Search
Search Reg System Orders Status: Processed
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Meaning
The domain has been successfully registered
To Search
Search Reg System Orders Status: Completed (or view under View Active Domains)
The order was submitted to CIRA, but rejected because it was improperly formatted. To correct or cancel the order: a) Search Reg System Orders for the domain in the RWI b) Change the information and resubmit, or cancel as desired
Failed
The order was submitted to CIRA, and rejected. This may be because the name already exists, is reserved or illegal. The appropriate error is shown in the Order Notes section
Whois
The current authoritative WHOIS server for .CA domains is: http://www.cira.ca/en/home.html
Note: Both the RWI and Reseller Client interfaces are equipped with a domain lookup tool to check domain name availability; the WHOIS interface simply provides more information about the domain registrar and registrant.
At this time, the OpenSRS WHOIS service does not do recursive lookups for *.CA registrations. A sample of WHOIS output for a *.CA name follows: Domain tucows.ca
Organization Registrar Renewal Date TUCOWS International Inc. Tucows International Corp. 2002/09/17
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Registrar Number Registrant Number Domain Number DNS1 DNS2 Nom Job Title Postal Address
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Process Diagram The following diagram illustrates the .CA registration flow:
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CIRA legal type/registrant name requirements ! CIRA registrant profile concepts and how they are integrated into the OpenSRS profile environment. Since this knowledge is very complex and specific to only .CA domains, the one page order form does not facilitate entering correct orders. As the result, the Place Order Manually for .ca (NEW) option was introduced. With this option, the registration of .CA domains has been simplified for new users. The original form is still available for experienced users; however, the new form makes it easier to select Legal Types as required by CIRA and it provides help functions throughout the registration process.
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The remainder of this section focuses on the Place Order Manually for .ca (NEW) option, and provide hints for those using the Place Order Manually for .ca. You can click on the Help icon to get additional help about municipal domains and CIRA registrant profiles. 104
Depending on the data that you select, the registration process branches into four unique processes. These processes streamline the data collection required for:
! ! ! !
Domain order for a new registrant Domain order for an existing registrant Municipal domain orders Blocking/conflicting domain orders
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If you are familiar with Legal Types and know which type the registrant falls into, it is best to choose the option Select from all the available legal types, as the next screen allows you to access information on all 18 CIRA legal types. If you are not sure what Legal Type the domain is, select the group that best describes the registrant (domain owner), and the next screen will assist you in selecting the appropriate legal type. For example, if you select an Individual (and the domain is for personal use) the screen appears as follows:
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The information that is displayed on this screen depends on the selection made in the previous screen, so that if you selected a Community Group (such as a religious congregation, social club or a sports club) on the previous screen, this screen contains completely different information. This screen displays: A unique introduction about the CIRAs legal type and registrant name requirements for selection. ! A customized legal type list which lists only those legal types appropriate for this selection. ! Customized help information focusing on the appropriate legal types and the registrant name requirements Based on this information, you can select the appropriate legal type and enter the registrant name using the syntax information provided on the screen.
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When you go to the next screen, the system provides you with more examples of the registrant name and asks you to confirm or change the registrant name information. A sample of this screen is shown below:
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At this stage, you have accessed all pertinent information regarding CIRAs legal types and the syntax for registrant names, so you can be sure that you are entering correct information!
Note: If you use the Place Order Manually for .ca option rather than the Place Order manually for .ca (NEW) option, the one page order form does not provide any verification tools for selecting your legal type and providing your registrant name. When placing an order, please review the sections Canadian Presence Requirements for Registrants and Which Registrant Name Rules Apply to the Various Legal Types.
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The next screen allows you to enter the Admin and Tech contacts for the Domain and the DNS information. If you selected a retrieve option, the screen is pre-filled with the information from the other order or domain, and you can simply modify this information as required. In order to activate a .CA domain, you must provide at least two functional nameservers; however, you may provide up to six nameservers per domain. In the Domain Name Security section, you are required to select whether the domain should be linked to an existing OpenSRS profile, or if a new profile should be created.
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Finally, a small screen, like the one below, is displayed to collect the information for creating a new OpenSRS profile or linking to an existing OpenSRS profile. 110
You have now provided all the required information, and can review all the domain information entered in the previous screens. From the drop-down menu, you can choose to either save the order for processing at a later date, or process the order immediately.
Based on the method you select in this screen, the following screens are modified to prompt you for the relevant information only. The next sections describe the two methods for adding a domain to an existing registrant profile. 111
You have now provided, all the required information, and you can review all the domain information entered in the previous screens. From the drop-down menu, you can choose to either save the order for processing at a later date, or process the order immediately.
Note: If you use the Place Order Manually for .ca option rather than the Place Order manually for .ca (NEW) option, and you want to add a domain to an existing CIRA registrant profile, you must enter the .CA domain, username, and password in the Retrieve Order Information section of the order form. Once you have retrieved the information, ensure that the same username/password and domain are included in the Registrant Profile section of the form.
Country Code TLDs As the domain can have different DNS values than the other domains in the CIRA registrant profile, you can enter the DNS values or use the default values provided. You are required to select whether this domain should be linked to an existing OpenSRS profile, or if a new profile should be created. The screen for collecting this information is:
Finally, a small screen, like the one below, is displayed to collect the information for creating a new OpenSRS profile or linking to an existing OpenSRS profile.
You have now provided all the required information, and you can review all the domain information that you entered in the previous screens. From the drop-down menu, you can choose to either save the order for processing at a later date, or process the order immediately.
Note: If you use the Place Order Manually for .ca option rather than the Place Order manually for .ca (NEW) option, the one page order form does not support this functionality. You must use the NEW form to be able to add a domain to existing CA registrant using the registrant ID feature.
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Registration orders for these names are submitted normally through the OpenSRS system; however, CIRA has instituted a manual process to complete the registration. Once the order has been submitted, OpenSRS staff reviews it for completeness. If it appears likely to succeed (it appears to be a legitimate registration) then the order is submitted to CIRA. At this point, the Reseller should fax a letter to CIRA verifying the towns claim to the name. The letter should meet the following criteria:
! ! !
Send
Written on the city/towns letterhead. State that the town is the registrant for the domain {{domain}}. Officially name someone from the towns administration to be the administrative contact for the domain (include relevant contact information such as job title, relation to the town, email address, phone number). Be signed by a person with signing authority for the town; this person CANNOT be the person listed as the admin contact. this letter to CIRA at: 613-237-0534.
You should also fax a copy to Tucows at 416-531-5584. When placing the order, the legal type for all municipal domains is Government or government entity in Canada. After you enter the domain name on the main screen, the legal type is automatically selected and you are prompted for the registrant name. The order process continues as outlined in the section Domain Order for a New Registrant. However, once the order is completed, you will be provided with all the information regarding the fax that must be sent to CIRA (as shown below).
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Note: If you use the Place Order Manually for .ca option rather than the Place Order manually for .ca (NEW) option, the one page order form does not provide any verification tools for selecting your legal type and providing your registrant name for a municipal domain. Please review the sections Canadian Presence Requirements for Registrants and Which Registrant Name Rules Apply to the Various Legal Types whenever placing a municipal order. Similarly, please review this section of the document to prepare the required fax for CIRA.
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If you want to configure the email message that is sent to your customer, click Configure Message. This brings you to the following screen where you can customize the message.
Note: In our experience, successful registration of blocked domains is quite rare; most registrants do not seem to be interested in complying with CIRAs processes, and either ignore or reject such requests.
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Country Code TLDs The new order form informs you immediately if the domain is blocked. The following screen appears for blocker domains:
If you do not want to proceed with this order, simply select No, otherwise the order continues on as outlined in the section Domain Order for a New Registrant.
Note: If you use the Place Order Manually for .ca option rather than the Place Order manually for .ca (NEW) option, the one page order form does not inform you that the domain is a blocker until you submit the order. You may want to do a whois lookup before entering all the order information to ensure that domain is not a blocker.
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To cancel an in-progress .CA order at OpenSRS 1. From the RWI main page, click View Orders in Progress. 2. From the Orders in Progress page, click the domain name for the order that you want to cancel. 3. Click Cancel Order.
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Country Code TLDs Notes: 1. The username and password may be completely new, resulting in the domain being inserted into a new OpenSRS profile, or may belong to an existing profile, resulting in the name being added to an existing domain profile. 2. The order may be processed immediately, or placed in your Pending Orders table, as specified by the criteria in the Action drop-down box. Once the order has been placed, you can review its progress in the View Orders in Progress section of the RWI, as well as in the appropriate Transfers view in the RWI. ! OpenSRS treats .CA transfers as individual transfer requests; even transfers submitted in bulk result in individual confirmation requests (both from OpenSRS and from CIRA) being sent to the domain administrative contact. ! CIRA uses the concept of a Registrant Profile, which may contain a number of .CA domains. It is possible for one registrant profile to contain domains hosted at different CIRA registrars; each Registrar who sponsors one of these domains may submit changes to the main profile, and once those changes are accepted, they apply to ALL domains that are contained within that Registrant Profile at CIRA. To break a domain out of a CIRA registrant profile (as opposed to an OpenSRS domain profile) a CIRA Registrant Transfer is required. To initiate a CIRA Registrant Transfer, please contact resellersupport@opensrs.org
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Meaning
The OpenSRS email has been sent to the listed administrative contact for the domain for their approval. The admin contact has approved the OpenSRS request, and we have sent the transfer request on to CIRA; at this point, the admin contact must approve CIRAs confirmation request using the CIRA UserID/Password originally provided by CIRA when the domain was registered. This means that the registrar transfer is complete, and that the domain has been renewed. This means that the order either: Timed out. Was canceled by the admin contact (at the OpenSRS level). Was canceled by the admin contact (at the CIRA level). The precise reason is recorded in the Order Notes.
Completed Canceled
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Meaning
The OpenSRS email has been sent to the listed administrative contact for the domain for their approval. In Reseller transfers, this state actually means that the administrative contact has approved the transfer, but that OpenSRS has not yet renewed the domain. No .CA domain undergoing a reseller transfer should be in this state for longer than five minutes. If you find a domain that remains in this state, it means that OpenSRS is having trouble renewing the domain at CIRA. If this state persists, contact resellersupport@opensrs.org. This means that the reseller transfer is complete and the domain has been renewed. This means that the order either: Timed out. Was canceled by the admin contact (at the OpenSRS level). The precise reason is recorded in the Order Notes.
Completed Canceled
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Domain transfer to new registrant, both old and new registrants with Tucows. Domain transfer to new registrant, old registrant with Tucows, new with another Registrar. Domain transfer to new registrant at Tucows, old registrant at another Registrar.
Domain Transfer to New Registrant, Both Old and New Registrants with Tucows
During the process, a new registrant is created, and the name is transferred between registrants. To initiate this transfer, from the .CA Orders section of the RWI, select Submit .ca Registrant Transfer Request. The .CA Domain Registrant Transfer form appears.
From here you can either base the transfer on an existing Registrant profile, or create a new one. The following describes the steps for both scenarios. To base the transfer on an existing Registrant profile 1. Enter the domain name to be transferred in the space provided. Please note that you cannot enter a municipal domain name as they cannot be transferred to a new Registrant. 2. Select Yes to transfer to an existing CIRA Registrant profile.
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Country Code TLDs 3. Enter the existing profile number in the Registrant Number field, and click Next.
4. In the Registrant Transfer Information screen, review the information regarding your transfer request including the next steps that will be taken by Tucows and CIRA. If you are satisfied with this information, click Submit to confirm.
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Country Code TLDs Once the request has been submitted, Tucows inserts the domain into your Reseller profile with a random username and password. To create a new profile for the transfer 1. Enter the domain name to be transferred in the space provided. Please note that you cannot enter a municipal domain name as they cannot be transferred to a new Registrant. 2. Select No to create a new profile for the transfer. The Legal Type Selection screen appears. This screen and the subsequent screens are essentially the same as they are for a registering a new order.
Domain Transfer to New Registrant, Old Registrant with Tucows, New with another Registrar
This type of transfer results in the domain being transferred away from Tucows, to a different registrant at another registrar. You can initiate this process through the RWI as described in the preceding section.
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The domain name. Reseller Username. The date that you ordered the Registrant Transfer from the Other Registrar.
We are not the authoritative source of WHOIS information for .CA domains; CIRA is. Because of this, CIRA is the authority for all .CA contact and nameserver information. Your clients can change and review all .CA information through the Manage Domain interface, but the information is pulled live from the CIRA WHOIS database and at no time is the OpenSRS database updated to reflect these changes. All information for .CA domains that the registrant can see through the Manage Domain interface is pulled LIVE from the CIRA database. CIRAs WHOIS server is available at: http://www.cira.ca/en/home.html Certain updates are considered critical and require registrant confirmation; these include: Any change to the Administrative Contact. Changes to Legal Type. Upon receiving requests to change any of these fields, CIRA sends a confirmation email to the Administrative Contact that they will have to act upon to complete the modification. Administrative Contacts are instructed to visit a CIRA web site, and enter their Account ID and CIRA password to confirm the changes; these pieces of information are provided to the Administrative Contact when they originally registered the domain. Currently, changes cannot be applied en masse between .CA domains and domains in other TLDs, regardless of whether they are in the same OpenSRS profile or not. CIRA does not support the notion of a billing contact; we have removed this heading from the manage interface when a .CA name is being managed.
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Country Code TLDs Many elements of the CIRA WHOIS are CIRA specific, so you may notice new and different fields in the Organization, Administrative and Technical contact sections of the manage domain interface. Non-critical updates are completed in real-time and can be viewed through the Manage interface and WHOIS as soon as they are made.
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To manage a .CA domain, direct your clients to: https://manage.opensrs.net/ or to your implementation of the newest manage.cgi. They can log into the Manage interface using the domain name, and their OpenSRS Username and Password.
Note: They do NOT use their CIRA Account ID and Password; these are used to confirm critical updates only.
Renewals
The following sections explain the .CA renewal processes and systems. .CA renewal functionality has been added to the existing gTLD renewal systems. .CA renewal functionality can now be found in all the places that weve implemented .COM renewal functionality, including: Views for 90, 60, 30, 0, Past Due, Deleted Names. ! Email Reminders for 90, 60, 30, 0, Past Due to Reseller. ! Email Reminders for 90, 60, 30, 0, Past Due to Registrant. ! Email Confirmation to Registrants/Resellers to confirm successful domain renewal. ! Bulk Renewals. ! Ability to set names for auto-renewal. ! Ability to set names for NON-renewal. ! .CA renewals through the client/RWI. Assuming all the features of the system are enabled, the typical renewal cycle is as follows:
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1. Reminder emails are sent to the registrant and the Reseller 90, 60, 30, and 0 days before the domains expire. 2. The registrant either contacts the Reseller and orders a domain renewal, or requests the renewal online through the Resellers renewal scripts. 3. Once the domain is renewed, an email confirmation is sent to both the registrant and the Reseller.
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Note: .CA names are deleted 30 days after their expiry date (in the absence of a renewal command) and not 40 as with .COM/.NET/.ORG names.
Another key difference with .CA names is that CIRA also emails the registrant to remind them that their name is coming up for renewal. CIRA's explanation of their procedure follows:
If the registration period has not been renewed 60 days prior to the expiry date of the registration period, CIRA will advise the Registrar of record by email or a web-based report of the expiry date of the Registration. The Registrant will also be sent an email advising it of the expiry date; If the registration period has not been renewed 30 days prior to the expiry date of the registration period, CIRA will advise both the Registrant and the Registrar of record that the Registration is due to expire within 30 days; If the registration period has not been renewed seven (7) days prior to the expiry date of the registration period, CIRA will send a final advisory email message to the Registrant and the Registrar of record that the Registration is due to expire within seven (7) days; and If the Registration has not been renewed by its expiry date, the Registration will be automatically suspended from the expiry date of the registration period for a period of 30 days. Both the Registrant and its Registrar of record will be advised of this suspension by email. The effect of a suspension of a Registration is described in Section 6.10 of the Registrant Agreement. Essentially, the effect is that an Internet user will not be able to send email or access a web page which incorporates the registered domain name until the Registration is reactivated.
Note: In all cases, .CA renewal management is an extension of the gTLD renewal management features. If, for example, your renewal messaging is enabled for .COM/.NET/.ORG, the same messages are used for .CA names.
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A domain can be taken off non-renewal status by clicking on the domain name from the View Active Domains or Renewals tables, and selecting either: Normal Notification ! Auto-Renew This feature is useful if you know that your client is not interested in renewing a domain name, and you want to prevent the system from including them in any automated emails sent to your clients.
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CIRA adds a further administrative step to the non-renewal process. As always, they insist on confirming the registrants request. Once a .CA name is set to non-renewal in the OpenSRS, CIRA sends the administrative contact an email asking them to confirm their intention. If the administrative contact does not confirm their request at the CIRA confirmation site (using the CIRA username and password associated with the domain) they will continue to receive CIRA renewal notices (though no OpenSRS notices will go out.) If a name set to Non-renewal at CIRA is, in fact, renewed, the non-renewal setting at CIRA is cleared, and normal renewal messaging resumes once the domain approaches its next expiry date.
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Country Code TLDs This option is located in the MWI, from the Edit Organization Contact page:
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Country Code TLDs CorporationA corporation under the laws of Canada or any province or territory of Canada. TrustA trust established and subsisting under the laws of a province or territory of Canada, more than 66 2/3 % of whose trustees meet one of the conditions set out in paragraphs (a) to (d) above. PartnershipA partnership, more than 66 2/3 % of whose partners meet one of the conditions set out in paragraphs (a) to (e) above, which is registered as a partnership under the laws of any province or territory of Canada. AssociationAn unincorporated organization, association or club: At least 80% of whose members: (A) are ordinarily resident in Canada (if such members are individuals); or (B) meet one of the conditions set out in paragraphs (a) to (f) above (if such members are not individuals); and ! At least 80% of whose directors, officers, employees, managers, administrators or other representatives are ordinarily resident in Canada Trade unionA trade union which is recognized by a labour board under the laws of Canada or any province or territory of Canada and which has its head office in Canada.
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Political partyA political party registered under a relevant electoral law of Canada or any province or territory of Canada. Educational institutionAny of the following: (i) a university or college which is located in Canada and which is authorized or recognized as a university or college under an Act of the legislature of a province or territory of Canada; (ii) a college, post-secondary school, vocational school, secondary school, pre-school or other school or educational institution which is located in Canada and which is recognized by the educational authorities of a province or territory of Canada or licensed under or maintained by an Act of Parliament of Canada or of the legislature of a province or territory of Canada. Library, Archive or MuseumAn institution, whether or not incorporated, that (i) is located in Canada and (ii) is not established or conducted for profit or does not form part of, or is not administered or directly or indirectly controlled by, a body that is established or conducted for profit, in which is held and maintained a collection of documents and other materials that is open to the public or to researchers. HospitalA hospital which is located in Canada and which is licensed, authorized or approved to operate as a hospital under an Act of the legislature of a province or territory of Canada. Indian bandAny Indian band as defined in the Indian Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-5, as amended from time to time, and any group of Indian bands.
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Country Code TLDs Aboriginal PeoplesAny Inuit, First Nation, Metis or other people indigenous to Canada, any individual belonging to any Inuit, First Nation, Metis or other people indigenous to Canada and any collectivity of such Aboriginal peoples. GovernmentHer Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, a province or a territory; an agent of Her Majesty the Queen in right of Canada, of a province or of a territory; a federal, provincial or territorial Crown corporation, government agency or government entity; and a regional, municipal or local area government. Trade-mark registered in CanadaA Person which does not meet any of the foregoing conditions, but which is the owner of a trade-mark which is the subject of a registration under the Trade-marks Act (Canada), but in this case such permission is limited to an application to register a .ca domain name consisting of or including the exact word component of that registered trade-mark; or Official marksA Person which does not meet any of the foregoing conditions, but which is a Person intended to be protected by Subsection 9(1) of the Trade-Marks Act (Canada) at whose request the Registrar of Trademarks has published notice of adoption of any badge, crest, emblem, official mark or other mark pursuant to Subsection 9(1), but in this case such permission is limited to an application to register a .ca domain name consisting of or including the exact word component of such badge, crest, emblem, official mark or other mark in respect of which such Person requested publications. For the purposes of this policy:
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ordinarily resident in Canada means an individual who resides in Canada for more than 183 days in the twelve month period immediately preceding the date of the applicable application for registration of the .ca domain name or sub-domain name and in each twelve month period thereafter for the duration of the domain name registration; and Person includes an individual, a corporation, a partnership, a trust, an unincorporated organization, association or club, the government of a country or any political subdivision thereof, or any agency or department of any such government, and the executors, administrators or other legal representatives of an individual in such capacity, a person as defined in the Trade-marks Act (Canada) and a Person intended to be protected by Subsection 9(1) of the Trademarks Act (Canada).
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Canadian citizen (CCT) Permanent Resident of Canada (RES) Legal Representative of a Canadian Citizen or Permanent Resident (LGR) Corporation (Canada or Canadian province or territory) (CCO) Partnership Registered in Canada (PRT) Trust established in Canada (TRS) Official mark registered in Canada Trade-mark registered in Canada (by a non-Canadian owner) (TDM) Canadian Unincorporated Association (ASS) Government or government entity in Canada (GOV) Canadian Political Party (PLT) Canadian Educational Institution (EDU) Canadian Hospital (HOP) Canadian Library, Archive or Museum (LAM) Canadian Trade Union (TRD) Aboriginal Peoples (individuals) indigenous to Canada (ABO) Aboriginal Peoples (groups) indigenous to Canada (ABO) Indian Band recognized by the Indian Act of Canada (INB)
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Canadian Citizen
Definition: A Canadian citizen of the age of majority under the laws of the province or territory in Canada in which he or she resides or last resided. Requirements: The Registrants name must be the full legal name of the Canadian Citizen who will hold the domain name registration as the name would appear on a passport, drivers license or other identification document issued by a government. The name may be followed by a space and o/a xxxx where o/a stands for Operating As and xxxx can be any alpha-numeric string designated by the applicant and subject to applicable rules and length restrictions (e.g. John Doe o/a Doe Consulting Group). The name may also be followed by a space and a degree granted to the registrant by a recognized degree granting institution or a recognized professional designation, which the registrant has the right to use (for example PhD, MD, DDS). Full legal names of individuals may only consist of alphabetic characters and the special characters: single quote mark (), hyphen (-), period (.). Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: John Doe ! Fred-Albert Doon PhD ! Bernard St-James o/a St-James Services Examples of invalid registrant names for this Registrant type:
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
John J. Doe None Personal (blank) Cool Gal Domain Administrator St-James Services Acme Sales Inc.
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John John 7 J. Doe F.A.D Cool Gal St-James Services Acme Sales Inc.
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Requirements: The Registrants name must be the full legal name of the Canadian Citizen or Permanent Resident of Canada who is being represented as it would appear on a passport, drivers license or other government identification document. This must be followed by the full legal name and capacity of at least one of the official representatives. Full legal names of individuals may only consist of alphabetic characters and the special characters: single quote mark(), hyphen(-), period(.). The representative should be identified as the administrative contact for these registrations. Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: John Smith o/a Jayne Smith - executor Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
! ! ! !
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Country Code TLDs Examples of invalid Registrant names for this Registrant type:
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Country Code TLDs Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: Marie Daigle Trust - (100%) ! Arbeit Trust - (70%) Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
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The domain name must include the official mark (for example, if the official mark is WIPO, the registrant can register wipo.ca but not intellectualproperty.ca) Requirements: The Registrants name must be the complete official name of the entity holding the domain name registration without any abbreviations. (A common abbreviation may follow the complete name in parentheses.) The registration number of the official mark must follow the Registrant Name. Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) - 0970388 Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
! ! !
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at least 80% of whose members: (A) are ordinarily resident in Canada (if such members are individuals); or (B) meet the requirements of any one of the following Registrant Types: Corporation (Canada or Canadian province or territory), Canadian citizen, Permanent Resident of Canada, Partnership Registered in Canada, Trust established in Canada, Legal Representative of a Canadian Citizen or Permanent Resident; and
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Country Code TLDs at least 80% of whose directors, officers, employees, managers, administrators or other representatives are ordinarily resident in Canada. Requirements: The Registrants name must be the complete name of the association that will hold the domain name registration, without any abbreviations. (A common abbreviation may follow the complete name in parentheses).
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Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: St-Albans Reformed Church of Victoria ! Archdiocese of Montral ! Sun Youth Montral ! Citizens for the Protection of the Red River ! Toronto Junior Soccer Association Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
! ! ! ! !
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John Doe Sales Are Us Inc. Liberal Party ACCULD - Ontario National Liberation Front of Mexico
University of British Columbia (UBC) St-Johns Middle School of Ottawa Advanced Languages Institute of Ontario (ALI)(Ontario)
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Country Code TLDs Examples of Invalid Registrant Names for this Type:
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Sandhill Secondary School Sales Are Us Inc. UBC Student Association Professional Association of Teaching Professionals of UdeM Joe Smith
Canadian Hospital
Definition: A hospital which is located in Canada and which is licensed, authorized or approved to operate as a hospital under an Act of the legislature of a province or territory of Canada Requirements: The Registrants name must be the complete official name of the hospital that will hold the domain name registration, without any abbreviations. (A common abbreviation may follow the complete name in parentheses.) The Registrants name must be followed by the jurisdiction (e.g. name of province) that accredited the hospital if not obvious from the Registrants name. Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: Royal Victoria Hospital - Qubec ! Sick Childrens Hospital of Ontario ! Veterans Hospital Canada, Pointe Claire Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
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Dr. John Doe Jane Doe John Doe Inc. SHUL Nurses Union Local 1455 NHCWA Manitoba Doctors Against Drugs (MDAD)
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Country Code TLDs Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: Royal Ontario Museum ! Mus des Beaux Arts de Montral Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
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John Doe Sales Are Us Inc. My site Domain Administrator Biggs Bargain Books
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Country Code TLDs Full legal names of individuals may only consist of alphabetic characters and the special characters: single quote mark (), hyphen (-), period (.). Examples of valid Registrant names for this type: John Doe ! Fred-Albert Doon DDS ! Bernard St-James o/a St-James Services Examples of invalid Registrant names for this type:
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Mohawk Motors Sioux Sales Inc. Sales Are Us Inc. Jean Gallant 146
.CC
.CC is the country code TLD for the Cocos Islands. The Cocos Islands have made their name space available to any interested registrants, regardless of residency. The following restrictions apply to .CC domain names: Maximum name length is 63 characters excluding the dot ! Domain name must not start with a dash or a dot, and must not start with the sequence alphanumeric_alphanumeric_dash_dash. (Note: This format is only allowed when it is an International Domain Name which has the PUNYCODE prefix of XN- - ) ! The last character must be a digit or a letter; it cannot be a dash. Registration and management of .CC domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .CC domains.
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Subject: {Reseller Username} *.CC Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .CC registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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.CC Transfers
A Transfer moves a domain name from one registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining registrar and the transaction is initiated by that registrar through the RWI. The following restrictions apply to transfers: A domain name cannot be transferred within the first 60 days after it is created or within 60 days of a previous transfer. ! If the domain is transferred to another registrar during the 45 day auto-renew grace period, the losing registrar is refunded for the autorenewal and the year is removed from the domain name term. The gaining registrar is charged for the transfer and the expiration date is extended one year from the original expiration date. To transfer a domain name
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1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfer Form for <domainname>.cc page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry. After the transfer request is submitted, a five day transfer pending period begins. If the transfer request isn't approved or rejected by the losing registrar within the five day period, the registry automatically approves the transfer request. After the domain is transferred, a five-day grace period begins.
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Country Code TLDs When the transfer process is complete, the expiration date is extended one year from the original expiration date, and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
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.CH
.CH is the TLD for Switzerland, and is regulated by the SWITCH registry. Registration and management of .CH domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .CH domains. Management of .CH domains can be done at: https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.CH Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .CH registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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Country Code TLDs The domain name and nameserver details are transferred to the zone file within 24 hours, after which time the domain name becomes active.
Note: Any modifications to the DNS must be confirmed by the registrant. The registry sends an email that must be responded to in order for the modification to be completed.
.CH Renewals
.CH domains must be renewed at least one month to their expiry date otherwise they will be deleted from the Reseller account and Tucows will no longer be the registrar. The registrant is then solely responsible for the name. In order to transfer it back to Tucows, the registrant would have to submit a regular transfer request. ALL modifications (contact, registrant or DNS changes) to a .CH name must be confirmed by the registrant. The registry sends an email that must be responded to in order for the modification to be completed.
.CH Transfers
SWITCH is the registry that oversees all .CH transfers. A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar. To transfer a .CH domain 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.ch page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. 6. Fax a letter requesting the transfer to the Tucows Service Bureau at +1.4165385454. The letter must be signed and on the registrants company letterhead. The registrant must confirm the transfer within 10 days of receiving a request for confirmation from the registry.
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.CN
.CN is the country code TLD for China, and for international purposes, is managed by Neulevel. Registrations in the .CN TLD space include both second level (.CN) and third level (COM.CN, .ORG.CN and .NET.CN) registrations. There are certain names that are not available for registration. Consistent with ICANN, gTLD procedures, all two-character country codes are reserved from registration. In addition, the CNNIC Registry has reserved certain second level names. These include:
Country names, 3-letter and ISO3166. Chinese Government organizations and leaders' names. Names that are for National Security. Province and City names. Special telephone numbers. (001), etc. All gTLDs and some 2nd level spaces (biz.cn, kids.cn). Certain famous trademarks (about 350). Names labeled by the UN to promote world culture, heritage. Chinese Universities and Colleges. News Media as approved by the National News Office. Grand fathering: There are approximately 165.000 names that were registered as third level domains prior to Dec 6th 2002, and that are not available as 2nd level for the general public. These 2nd level names are part of the agreement between CNNIC and Neustar, offered to the third level name holders. This Grandfathering process occurred between January 6th and February 28th, 2003. All registrants that were eligible to the 2nd level grand fathering were contacted by CNNIC.
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Country Code TLDs Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .CN registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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Auth_Codes
Once a Registrant successfully registers a .CN domain name, they are issued an auth_code. This code is a private pass phrase, which denotes verifiable proof of ownership for the domain. Please inform your Registrants to keep this code private and separate from the management username/password required to manage OpenSRS domains. If they want to change their code, they can do so using the manage interface.
Whois
CNNIC maintains and publishes the authoritative Whois data for .CN.
.CN Deletions
Upon registering a .CN domain name, you have 48 hours in which to delete it and receive a full refund. .CN domains are deleted three days after their expiry date. There is no redemption grace period for .CN domains. Once deleted, .CN domain names are available for registration in 15 days.
.CN Renewals
Except for the following points, renewal features for .CN are the same as they are for .COM, .NET and .ORG.
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A .CN name cannot be renewed for a period that exceeds five years, as this is the maximum registration period for .CN. Auto-renew functionality is not available. .CN domains can be renewed up until they are deleted.
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.CN Transfers
The following describes the process for both Registrar-to Registrar transfers, and Reseller-to-Reseller transfers. Please note:
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Transfers from CNNIC registrars to Neulevel registrars are NOT supported; the error message returned by the registry is DOMAIN_NOT_FOUND. There is a five-day transfer pending period from the time that the transfer is requested; however, as soon as it is acknowledged, the transfer completes and the pending period ends.
Transfer Process
1. Tucows receives transfer request order. 2. Tucows sends an authorization email to the domain admin contact with a URL to approve the transfer, and a temporary password to accept or reject pages. 3. The domain Admin Contact must also use the auth_code when approving a transfer. This code is obtainable from the current Registrar of Record and is domain specific. 4. If either the Admin Contact or OpenSRS cancels the request (on behalf of the Registrant), the entire transfer request is canceled. 5. If the admin contact approves the transfer and includes the auth_code, Tucows sends the request to the Registry (same as existing gTLD process). 6. The Registry approves the transfer. 7. Tucows notifies the Reseller/Registrant of the successful transfer. 8. One domain year is charged to the Reseller and is added to the domain. The Reseller then has five days in which to request a deletion of the transferred domain and a subsequent refund for the additional year that is added.
Registrants can obtain the Auth_code for .CN domains via the Manage Domain interface. Contact changes cannot be made while the domain is locked.
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.DE
.DE is the country code TLD for Germany, and is regulated by the DENIC Registry. .DE names must follow a specific format and must be 3 to 63 characters in length. The names can include numbers, letters (A-Z), and a hyphen (-), and must begin and end with either a letter or a number. As well, the hyphen (-) cannot be used as the third or fourth character.
Note: There are certain names that are not available for registration. Consistent with ICANN and gTLD procedures, all existing TLDs and twocharacter country codes are reserved from registration. For example, COM.DE or NET.DE will not be accepted. In addition, all German license-plate numbers are reserved for possible third-level registrations. A complete list of reserved names can be found at: http://www.denic.de/en/richtlinien.html
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.DE Agreement Once Tucows has received the email and has checked your website, you can offer .DE registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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Country Code TLDs domain name can be modified during the 30-day period, subject to DENIC verification. If the nameservers do not meet DENIC criteria, the change request is ignored. If we are transferring .DE domains that have no actual nameservers but are using DENIC nameservice, we provide a new DNS and ensure that the DNS is set up properly, or the domain will be deleted in 30 days.
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4. After completing the .DE Domain Registration Form, click Submit. If you are not registering an IDN for .DE, do not select a language from the
Language drop-down list. By default, Standard ASCII is used for non-IDN
domains.
For more information about IDNs, see "IDN (Internationalized Domain Name) Registrations".
.DE Expiries/Deletions
If a .DE domain has reached its renewal date but has not yet been renewed, it is automatically set to expire and is deleted by the root Registry the day after the expiry date. At expiry, the .DE domain is deleted from Tucows, and the domain is sent to the Registry for handling. The Registry contacts the Registrant for renewal. If there is no action from the Registrant, the Registry deletes the domain. If the Registrant wants to restore the domain to Tucows, the Registrant must contact the Registry (www.denic.de) and, using the DENIC-242 (Tucows) Registrar tag, request that the domain be restored to Tucows.
.DE Renewals
.DE renewals can be performed at any time; however, because of the min/max one year registration term, if you set a .DE domain to renew before the one-year term is up, it goes into a renewal applied state. The cost for the renewal is decremented from your account at the time you set the domain to renew. The domain is then renewed for an additional year at its actual renewal date.
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Country Code TLDs All other renewal features for .DE are the same as they are for .COM, .NET, and .ORG.
.DE Transfers
DENICs transfer policy states that transfers must be initiated by the gaining Registrar. In addition, the Registrar must receive, via fax, a written authorization of the transfer request from the domains Registrant (or admin contact). This authorization must be kept on record in case the Registry requests it to resolve a dispute. Therefore, gaining Tucows Resellers should initiate transfer requests and maintain a record of written Registrant confirmations. Unlike .COM, .NET, .ORG, .INFO, .BIZ, .NAME, .MOBI, and .US which have a 60 day post-registration transfer-hold restriction for Registrar to Registrar transfers, .DE transfers in and out are not restricted to any type of hold period. This means that a transfer can be performed at any time after a domain is registered. Finally, because the Registry does not hold expiry dates (domains are renewed monthly), Registrants who transfer a registration lose any remaining time on the current registration. In order to minimize any lost time for the Registrant, Tucows has imposed a min/max one year registration term.
Note: Currently, all transfer requests for .DE are only supported through the RWI.
Under Transfer Management, in the Owner Confirmation Address field, enter the address of the domain owner. This address must match the owner contact details with the losing Registrar. 160
Country Code TLDs Under Transfer Management, select Yes or No for Fax Received. If you select No, the transfer request is placed into a pending state until you receive a signed authorization. ! Under Zone Contact Information, enter the contact information for the individual who is responsible for nameserver management. 4. Click Submit.
!
You can view the status of .DE transfers by selecting any of the existing transfer views from the RWI main menu.
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.DK
.DK is the TLD for Denmark, and is regulated by the dk-hostmaster.dk Registry. Registration and management of .DK domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .DK domains. Management of .DK domains can be done at: https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/ Registrants have three months to activate a domain name once it is registered. The registry sends the admin contact an email with instructions to activate the domain once the registration has been submitted. If no action has been taken after two months, the registry sends a reminder email. If no activation occurs within three months, the domain is made available for registration and no refund is provided.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.DK Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .DK registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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To check your current nameservers to verify if they are accepted by the registry, use the following link: http://www.dk-hostmaster.dk/index.php?id=212 If your nameservers are not registered, follow the registry instructions at the following link: http://www.dk-hostmaster.dk/index.php?id=217
.DK Renewals
Domains names are registered for a period of one year. Renewal requests must be submitted prior to the domains expiry date in order to renew the name for another one-year period. Domains that have not been renewed are deleted. Note that the registry does not apply renewals until the expiration day of the domain name. So, while OpenSRS reflects a renewal immediately, the Registry WHOIS does not reflect the renewal until the day it is supposed to expire.
.DK Transfers
Transfers in are not supported.
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.ES
.ES is the TLD for Spain, and is regulated by the Esnic Registry. All .ES registrations are for one year. Registration of .ES domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .ES domains. Management of .ES domains can be done at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .ES registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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.ES Renewals
The .ES registration term ends on the last day of the last month of the term. For example, if a domain name is registered on April 7, 2007, its expiry date will be April 30, 2008. Renewal orders must be placed 15 days before the expiry date. Registrations can be renewed one year at a time.
Note: The registry does not apply renewals until the expiration date. So, while OpenSRS reflects a renewal immediately, the Registry WHOIS does not reflect the renewal until the day it is supposed to expire.
.ES Transfers
Esnic oversees all .ES transfers. A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar through the RWI. To initiate a transfer, the registrant contacts the new Registrar and notifies them that they want to transfer their domain. The Registrar then initiates the transfer request through the RWI. To transfer a domain name 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.es page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. 6. Complete the following forms, which are available at https://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/es/: Holder Change ! New Holder The forms must be signed by the administrative contact for the domain.
!
Note: Although the documents are posted in Spanish and English, the Spanish version is the one that must be submitted; the English is only to be used as a guide.
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Country Code TLDs When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry (Esnic). The registry sends an email to the registrant asking the registrant to confirm the transfer. Confirmation must be received within 10 days in order for the transfer to be completed. If confirmation is not received with the required 10 days of the initial request, the transfer is cancelled. When the transfer process is complete, a new 12 month term starts from the date of the transfer, and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
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.EU
.EU is the TLD for the European Community, and is managed by the EURid Registry. Registration and management of .EU domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.EU Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .EU registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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United Kingdom (GB) Austria Belgium Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malta (including Gozo and Comino) Netherlands Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Aland Islands Gibraltar Martinique French Guyana Guadeloupe Reunion 168
A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar through the RWI. A Change of Ownership (also referred to as a Trade) transfers ownership of a domain name from one registrant to another. The current owner of the domain contacts their Reseller/Registrar, and the Reseller enters the new information in the RWI.
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.EU Transfers
To initiate a transfer, the registrant contacts the new Registrar and notifies them that they want to transfer their domain. The Registrar then initiates the transfer request through the RWI. To transfer a domain name 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers Form for <domainname>.eu page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry (EURid). The registry sends an email to the registrant asking the registrant to confirm the transfer. Confirmation must be received within 14 days in order for the transfer to be completed. The .EU transfer may not complete immediately after the registrant confirmation. The registry allows for an internal verification period, and transfers may take up to 14 days to complete. If confirmation is not received within 7 days, another email is sent to the registrant as a reminder. If confirmation is not received with the required 14 days of the initial request, the transfer is cancelled. When the transfer process is complete, the existing registration term is extended an additional year, and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
Note: Although the .EU registry allows domains to be transferred while in quarantine, Tucows does not currently support this process. However, we will honor any transfers away from Tucows that occur while the domain is in quarantine.
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When the change in ownership process is complete, a new 12 month term starts for the domain name and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
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.FR
.FR is the TLD for France, and is regulated by the AFNIC Registry. Registration and management of .FR domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .FR domains. Management of .FR domains can be done at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.FR Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .FR registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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General Conditions
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
! !
The zone is installed in all the nameservers (at least two) given in the installation request ticket sent to the auto-ticket@nic.fr address. The primary server name in the Server of Authority (SOA) record corresponds to the first server given in the list of servers to install. The zone contact (RNAME) is valid and contactable by email. The zone serial number is the same on each server. The refresh time is at least one hour. The retry time is at least one hour. The expire time is at least a week, and much higher than the refresh time. The TTL time in the SOA specifies the TTL for negative responses (NXDOMAIN) and must not exceed one day. The TTL time is at least one hour for SOA and NS records. The list of zone name servers returned by the server corresponds to the list of servers requested in the ticket. There is one MX for the zone, using a message service relay with a legal name that must be (or must point to) an Internet address (A record); any alias (CNAME) will be refused in accordance with the RFCs. The postmaster@domain-name.fr or postmaster@domain-name.re mailbox must be contactable. The contents of the zone conform to the RFCs.
Configuration of Nameservers
! ! !
The server must have international IP connectivity. The server must be online 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The DNS service must be accessible on port 53 in UDP and TCP, and to ICMP echo packets, for packets sent from any machine on the Internet. The server must have authority for the requested zone.
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! ! ! !
The server must obtain the correct list of name servers corresponding to each of the ".fr / .re", ".in-addr.arpa" and "." zones, and must not have authority unless it is mentioned in this list. The addresses of the servers mentioned must be correct. The server obtains the correct address for each of the other servers in the zone. The server calculates checksums for UDP packets and generates its IP packets with a TTL of at least 64. The server does not forward requests to AFNIC servers. It must be possible to obtain the server names based on their IP addresses.
Messaging
! ! ! !
The VRFY command is implemented in accordance with RFC1123. The return code must be of type "2xx" in accordance with RFC1893. The postmaster@domain-name.fr or postmaster@domain-name.re address can be delivered to on the first message service relay. It must be possible to deliver to the zone contact address specified in the SOA record on the first message service relay.
There is an "inetnum" record for the network to which it belongs. There is a "route" record for the network to which it belongs.
The first technical contact is located at the requesting registrar, The identifier of the first technical contact is a NIC-HDL of a role object in the FRNIC database.
.FR Renewals
Renewal requests must be submitted prior to the domains expiry date in order to renew the name. Domains that have not been renewed by the expiry date are deleted on that date, and become available to the public within 24 hours of deletion.
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.FR Transfers
A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar. To transfer a domain 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.fr page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. In the Order Notes section, be sure to indicate the current holders SIREN/SIRET or trademark number (if its an organization) or their nameholder Key (if its an individual). 5. Click Submit. When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry (AFNIC). Once submitted, the losing registrar has 15 days to confirm or deny the transfer; otherwise, the transfer automatically completes.
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.IT
.IT is the TLD for Italy. The registration process for .IT domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for more information. All .IT registrations are for one year. The following information is required for each registration: For Companies ! Chamber of Commerce registration number when required by law, or a statement that there is no requirement for such registration ! VAT number, or taxpayer's code ! Legal representative's full name ! Company headquarters address For Individuals ! Full name ! Date and place of birth ! Residential address ! Unique identifier (ie: taxpayer's code) and name of EU country which issued it. This information can be entered into the Notes section of the RWI order. If it is not entered, after the order has been submitted, the RSP will receive an email from Tucows Service Bureau requesting the information. For additional information and forms that are specific to .IT, see the Reseller Resource Center.
Important: The English version of the Letter of Responsibility (LAR) is supplied for reference only; you must sign and submit the Italian version. Note: The registrar code for Tucows is TUCOWS-MNT.
Due to the manual steps involved, it may take two days to a week to complete the registration process at the registry. To expedite the process, we recommend that you fax the Italian Letter of Responsibility to Tucows at the same time as you submit the order form through the RWI. Management of .IT domains can be done at: https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
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Subject: {Reseller Username} *.IT Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .IT registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
The servers IP addresses must be static and correspond to those actually associated with them. The first nameserver must be the same as indicated in the Server of Authority (SOA) record of the domain name. A CNAME must not be associated with the domain name.
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The name of the nameserver specified in the SOA cannot be a CNAME. At least one MX or A record must exist for the domain name. Where an MX record is listed, it must not have an associated CNAME. Whenever interrogated, the servers must not give the following responses: not responding, not reachable, not running, non-existent domain, host not found, server failure, query failed. Indicated nameservers must be authoritative for the domain name.
The domain name and nameserver details are transferred to the zone file within 24 hours, after which time the domain name becomes active.
.IT Renewals
If a .IT name is not renewed by the expiry date, it is deleted from the Reseller account and Tucows is no longer the registrar. The domain name remains registered to the registrant with "NO-PROVIDER" listed as the registrar. To recover the name (and transfer it back to Tucows), the registrant submits a transfer request, or they can email servicebureau@tucows.com. If no action is taken, the registry will eventually delete the name.
.IT Transfers
A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining Registrar and the transaction is initiated by that Registrar. To transfer a domain 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.it page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. 6. Do one of the following: To transfer a domain name belonging to an individual person, complete the document titled .IT Transfer Italian Version for Individuals. The document is available at https://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/it/
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Country Code TLDs To transfer a domain name belonging to a company, complete the document titled IT Transfer Italian Version for Companies. The document is available at https://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/it/ The form must be signed by the administrative contact for the domain.
Note: Although the documents are posted in Italian and English, the Italian version is the one that must be submitted; the English is only to be used as a guide.
7. Fax the completed document to +1.4165385454 ATTN: Tucows Service Bureau. Due to the manual steps involved, it may take two days to complete the transfer process at the registry. To expedite the process, we recommend that you fax the Italian transfer form (steps 6 and 7) to Tucows at the same time as you submit the transfer order through the RWI.
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.MX
.MX is the TLD for Mexico, and is regulated by the NIC.MX Registry. .COM.MX is the second-level .MX domain that is offered by Tucows. All .COM.MX registrations are for one year. Registration and management of .COM.MX domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). Please see "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .COM.MX domains. Tucows uses the following email address for the admin and technical contact: servicebureau@tucows.com. This address will appear in the public WHOIS of the registry and is used to confirm modifications to the domain. Tucows manages this confirmation when one is requested via OpenSRS. Resellers can see the admin and tech contact email addresses used at registration via OpenSRS. Management of .COM.MX domains can be done at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Note: Tucows does not support the transfer of .COM.MX domains.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.COM.MX Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .COM.MX registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
.MX Renewals
Domains names are registered for a period of one year. Renewal requests must be submitted prior to the domains expiry date in order to renew the name for another one-year period. Domains that have not been renewed will be deleted. Note that the registry does not apply renewals until the expiration day of the domain name. So, while OpenSRS reflects a renewal immediately, the Registry WHOIS does not reflect the renewal until the day it is supposed to expire.
.MX Transfers
Transfers in are not supported.
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.NL
.NL is the TLD for the Netherlands, and is regulated by the SIDN Registry. Registration and management of .NL domains through OpenSRS is done is the same way as for General TLDs (gTLDs). See "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .NL domains. Management of .NL domains can be done at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/xpackmanage/
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.NL Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .NL registrations. Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
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! ! !
The NS records of the zone file shall contain at least the stated name servers. Primary name server according to [field #4 of] the Server of Authority (SOA) record shall be identical to that in the NS record and in accordance with the statement. The SOA, NS and MX records may refer to objects with an A record only, not to objects with a CNAME record. In view of the provisions under item 4, the zone file shall contain an MX record (or an A record) for the domain proper. Fallback MX records may not refer to third parties without permission being granted by those third parties; in case of doubt the NL zone file manager can verify this with the third party in question. According to the standards a glue (A) record is incorporated in the NL zone file for each name server host at any sub-domain level under the .NL domain; if a name server for a domain is operated from a host of the provider involved, the host name as it is known with the provider shall be included in the zone file and the statement; the domain name in question may not be included in the zone file, to prevent pollution of the NL zone file by unnecessary glue records as well as problems in case the IP address of such a nameserver host should change.
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.NL Renewals
Renewal requests must be submitted prior to the domains expiry date in order to renew the name. Domains that have not been renewed by the expiry date are deleted on that date, and become available to the public within 24 hours of deletion.
.NL Transfers
SIDN is the registry that oversees all .NL transfers. A Transfer transfers a domain name from one Registrar to another. To transfer a .NL domain 1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfers for <domainname>.nl page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. 6. Complete the .NL transfer form found at http://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/domain_names/nl/NLTransf erForm.pdf and fax it to +1.4165385454 ATTN: Tucows Service Bureau. Tucows processes the request and notification is sent once the transfer is complete.
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.TV
.TV is the country code TLD Tuvalu. Tuvalu has made its name space available to any interested registrants, regardless of residency. Registration and management of .TV domains is done through OpenSRS in the same way as it is for General TLDs (gTLDs). See "General TLD Registrations" for complete information on the registration and management of .TV domains. .TV domains can be registered for a minimum of 1 year to a maximum of 10 years.
Subject: {Reseller Username} *.TV Agreement Once Tucows receives the email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .TV registrations.
Note: If you do not post the agreement on your website, you must inform Tucows of the method that you have chosen to bind your customers to the agreement.
.TV Transfers
A Transfer moves a domain name from one registrar to another. The owner of the domain contacts the gaining registrar and the transaction is initiated by that registrar through the RWI. The following restrictions apply to transfers: A domain name cannot be transferred within the first 60 days after it is created or within 60 days of a previous transfer. ! If the domain is transferred to another registrar during the 45 day auto-renew grace period, the losing registrar is refunded for the autorenewal and the year is removed from the domain name term. The gaining registrar is charged for the transfer and the expiration date is extended one year from the original expiration date. To transfer a domain name
!
1. Launch the RWI. 2. In the Domain Registration Administration section, under Order Management, enter the domain name in the Transfer a domain field. 3. Click Transfer. The Transfer Form for <domainname>.tv page appears. 4. Complete the Transfer Form. You can complete the Retrieve Order Information section and click Retrieve Data to autopopulate the fields. 5. Click Submit. When the transfer request is submitted through the RWI, the request is sent to the registry. After the transfer request is submitted, a five day transfer pending period begins. If the transfer request isn't either approved or rejected by the losing registrar by the end of the five day period, the registry automatically approves the transfer request. After the domain is transferred, a five-day grace period begins. When the transfer process is complete, the expiration date is extended one year from the original expiration date, and a charge is applied that is equal to the cost of a one year registration.
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.UK
This section describes the registration and management of the second-level .UK domains offered by Tucows. Domain
.CO.UK .ORG.UK .ME.UK .PLC.UK .LTD.UK .NET.UK
Registration
Y Y Y N N N
Management
Y Y Y Y Y Y
Transfer-in
Y Y Y Y Y Y
Transfer-out
Y Y Y Y Y Y
Note: The .UK second-level domains offered by Tucows (.CO.UK, .ORG.UK, .ME.UK, .PLC.UK, .LTD.UK, .NET.UK) are collectively referred to as .*.UK throughout this document.
About Nominet
Nominet is a United Kingdom based company that has been given administrative rights over the .UK namespace. Nominet acts as the Registry for .UK domains. Nominet does not provide ownership of a .UK domain name; instead, .UK names are referred to as "registered. In becoming a Registrar with Nominet, Tucows/OpenSRS can extend .ORG.UK, .CO.UK, and .ME.UK domain name registrations to our channel partners in much the same way as we do with the .COM and .NET gTLDs. Due to Nominets requirements surrounding .LTD.UK, .PLC.UK, and .NET.UK, Tucows is unable to offer registration of these domain names, but we do offer renewals and transfers of domains within these namespaces. The registration of .LTD.UK, .PLC.UK, and .NET.UK second-level domains must be done with Nominet directly.
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Pricing
The pricing information in this section is included to illustrate how the Value Added Tax is handled for .UK domain registrations. The price is subject to change, and so we suggest consulting the .UK section of the OpenSRS website http://rrc.tucows.com/wholesale_services/ for the most current pricing information. We offer two-year .CO.UK, .ORG.UK, and .ME.UK registrations for only $13.00 US including VAT (value added tax, see below). That is $11.06 + $1.94 VAT. Renewals for all .*.UK domains are also $13.00 US.
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Country Code TLDs After an initial request is submitted, the OpenSRS system puts the appropriate amount ($13 for two domain years) on hold. Once the domain is registered, that amount is taken off hold and deducted from the Resellers account. If the domain registration fails for any reason, the credit is taken off hold, and returned to the Resellers account (see below). Order Processing with Respect to Account Balances
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Registration Period (term) All .UK registrations are set for two years. The Registry does not offer any other registration periods at this time. Renewals can be requested six months before the expiry date of your domain; .*.UK domains can then be renewed for another two years. Registration Confirmation When a domain has been successfully registered, Nominet sends the registrant a welcome email that contains login details for the new account.
Important: In order to complete a .ORG.UK, .COM.UK, or .ME.UK registration, registrants are required to complete the registration confirmation form located in Registrants Online.
Asynchronous Processing
.UK registrations are handled at the Registry (Nominet) level as an asynchronous process. This means that registrations submitted are not immediately processed/approved by the registry server. When an order is submitted, it enters a pending state, subject to registry approval. In the case of a new domain, a reply from Nominet typically arrives in 5-10 minutes. That means that no one else can reserve this domain at this point; Nominet rejects any new registration requests for the same name. However, the owner cannot use the domain yet, because the root nameservers are not updated immediately. Nominet updates the root nameservers twice daily; your clients will be able to use their names as soon as the root zone is updated. They will be able to view their Nominet WHOIS information within one hour.
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Country Code TLDs Registry processing time can take longer based on circumstances beyond Tucows control. As a result of this, it is important to communicate this delay to users when they place orders with you. You can check the status of a submitted order anytime through the RWI. This delayed processing is very similar to the process for executing a sponsoring Registrar transfer in the .COM and .NET namespace. As with the transfer process, once a registration for a .UK domain has been submitted, the funds required for each registration (domain) are put on hold (frozen) in the Resellers account. Should the registration fail for any reason, the funds are refunded (released) upon notification of failure from Nominet.
Note: If a request is made for a domain name that is already registered, or if
the domain is in the OpenSRS queue to be registered, the Reseller receives an error message immediately. Asynchronous order states Circumstance Message from Nominet Type Order State in RWI
Sent to Registry
.*.UK name available at time order submitted to Nominet .*.UK name not available at time order is submitted to Nominet .*.UK name ordered when Tucows already has another request in queue for the same name .*.UK name fails to register
Real Time
Real Time
Canceled
Real Time
Canceled
Unless you changed your .UK Retry and Failure Reporting settings, failed requests will be queued and retried three times, every four hours.
Not-real time
Varies
Request Queuing
As an asynchronous registry, Nominet can process only one request at a time. For example, a nameserver change must be completely processed before the corresponding contact details can be changed. In order to avoid waiting for one transaction to process before submitting the next, requests are queued.
Note: A maximum of 20 requests can be queued for a domain at one time.
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Country Code TLDs Queued requests are listed in the order that they are submitted, and each request can be canceled from the queue. If a queued request fails, the failure is recorded, and the next request in the queue is processed. Retry for Timed-Out and Failed Requests When requests are sent but no response is received from Nominet, or if there is an error, the attempt times-out and is queued. Queued requests are retried three times, every four hours, or until a response is received from Nominet.
Note: Domain tag transfers cannot be retried. Upon failure of a domain tag transfer, a failure message is sent.
Failure Reporting Whenever a Nominet registry request finally fails (for example, after it has been retired with no success), an email is sent to the Reseller and/or End User. Failure messages are sent according to your .UK Retry and Failure Reporting settings.
The Organization contact cannot be changed using the Manage Interface. As of November 15, 2005, the Technical contact no longer is required or accepted. Also, a valid email address is the only mandatory information required for a .UK domain's administrative contact. OpenSRS stores technical contact information for existing .UK registrations but the technical information is no longer forwarded to the registry. The Technical contact fields have been removed.
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Wait States and Sample Messages from the Manage Domain Interface Activity
Changing any contact information Changing any nameserver information
.*.UK Renewals
Renewals of .UK domain names are offered in two year periods. When you first register a .UK domain, it is registered for two years. Within the six months before the end of the two year term, you can renew the domain for another two years. Nominet refers to the date by which a .UK domain must be renewed as the renewal date. So, in order to retain your .UK domain, you must renew every two years, by the renewal date. Nominet is an asynchronous Registry, and as such, there are delays in applying renewal years to .UK domains. Renewals are accomplished the same way as with other domains, that is, via the RWI or client code.
*.UK Transfers
Nominets transfer policy requires the losing Registrar to initiate transfers on behalf of the Registrant. For domains transferring to OpenSRS, OpenSRS Resellers should advise the Registrant to contact their current Registrar to initiate the process of getting their domain transferred under the Tucows tag. The Tucows tag is TUCOWS-CA.
Notes:
!
! !
! !
Due to parsing problems at Nominet, contact data may be skewed. Instructions about how to rectify this are noted on the transfer confirmation emails sent to you and your customers. When transferring a domain, the losing Registrar must change the Domain Tag of the domain to the gaining Registrar. The Domain Tag can only be changed to a valid Nominet tag. To see valid Nominet tags, visit the Nominet website at http://www.nic.uk/tag/becometagholder/taglist/ It is not possible to force the completion of .UK transfers that are Pending Registry Approval. Transfer Winback is not available for .UK.
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1. Specify the domain. In the Transfer a domain section of the RWI, enter the domain that you want to accept as a transfer, and then click Transfer.
2. In the Transfer for <domain> page, specify an existing Registrant profile or create a new Registrant profile to associate with the transferred-in .UK domain. To add the transfer-in domain to an existing registrant profile enter the existing domain and registrant profile information in the Retrieve Order Information area, then click Retrieve Data. The profile details are needed to ensure that domains get inserted into the correct profile once the transfer has completed. To create a new registrant profile for the transfer-in enter the new owner and contact details in the registrant Profile Information and Contact Information sections. 3. Scroll down the page and ensure that Transfer Now is selected in the Action drop-down list. When done entering details, click Submit. Provided that the domain is under the Tucows tag (the losing registrar submitted the tag change to Nominet), that domain is added to your Reseller profile.
Note: If you (gaining Reseller) place the transfer of an expired domain, the renewal cost for that domain is charged to your Reseller account if and when it completes.
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2. In the New Domain Tag field, enter the gaining Registrars tag. 3. In the List domains box, enter the domain(s) to transfer away. 4. Click Submit. Tucows sends the tag change to Nominet. The gaining Registrar can then claim the transferred domain from Nominet.
Tucows does not provide such a number; simply enter your Reseller username or any number to proceed with your transaction.
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Note: It is not possible to force the completion of .UK transfers that are Pending Registry Approval.
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WHOIS Info
The Nominet WHOIS server is authoritative for all .*.UK names. You can search the .UK WHOIS database at http://www.nic.uk/
Note: Both the Quickstart and Full Access interfaces have a domain lookup tool to check domain name availability; the WHOIS interface simply provides more information about the domain registrar and registrant.
At this time, the OpenSRS WHOIS service do not do recursive lookups for .*.UK registrations. Sample WHOIS Output
Domain Name: jasonslaughter.co.uk registrant: Tucows, Inc. registrant's Address: 96 Mowat Avenue Toronto Ontario M6K 3M1 CA
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Note: The information returned with a .UK WHOIS is substantially less than the information available for gTLDs.
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WHOIS Opt-Out
Nominet allows individuals to opt-out of their WHOIS database so that none of their personal information is returned with a WHOIS query. Organizations cannot use the WHOIS opt-out feature. The WHOIS opt-out feature for .UK domains is available from the MWI at https://rr-n1-tor.opensrs.net/manage/, from the Domain Extras page:
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.US
.US is the TLD for the United States, and is regulated by the NeuStar registry. There are certain names that are not available for registration. Consistent with ICANN and gTLD procedures, all existing TLDs and two-character country codes are reserved from registration. In addition, the following names are reserved: All domains, of any length, beginning with 18xx, or 1-8xx, or 8xx, where x is any number from 0 to 9 inclusive. ! All domains beginning with nxx or 1nxx or 1-nxx followed by exactly seven numbers, not including hyphens, where n is any number form 2 to 9 inclusive, and x is any number from 0 to 9 inclusive. ! All domains beginning with xxxxx, where x is any number from 0 to 9 inclusive. Examples of reserved names
!
1800abc.us ! 812abc-def.us ! 1-805-999-9999.us ! 212-999-9999.us ! 19009998888.us ! 1-212---1-2-3-4-5-6-7--.us ! 20176.us ! 90210-Melrose.us Examples of non-reserved names
! ! ! ! ! ! !
Remit a new Reseller contract to OpenSRS authorizing you to act as an OpenSRS .us domain reseller. The contract can be found at: http://resellers.tucows.com/opensrs/contracts/#tld Bind your customers to the .biz registration terms, found at: http://resellers.tucows.com/opensrs/contracts/#tld
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Country Code TLDs Once you have the above on your website (or can demonstrate your alternative method for binding your customers to this agreement) email ritebc@opensrs.org with the URL of the website where you have posted the agreement. The subject line of this email should be: Subject: {RSP Username} *.US agreement Once Tucows receives this email and checks your website, Tucows replies to your email message, confirming that you are now authorized to offer .US registrations.
Nexus Category 1
A natural person (i) who is a United States citizen, (ii) a permanent resident of the United States of America or any of its possessions or territories, or (iii) whose primary place of domicile is in the United States of America or any of its possessions.
Nexus Category 2
A United States entity or organization that is (i) incorporated within one of the fifty (50) U.S. states, the District of Columbia, or any of the United States possessions or territories or organized, or otherwise constituted under the laws of a state of the United States of America, the District of Columbia or any of its possessions or (including a federal, state, or local government of the United States, or a political subdivision thereof, and unincorporated organizations based in the United States).
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Nexus Category 3
An entity or organization (including a federal, state, or local government of the United States, or a political subdivision thereof) that has a bona fide presence in the United States of America or any of its possessions or territories. If foreign entity, applicant must state country of citizenship. ! Check from category list, basis for compliance with Nexus requirement - regularly sells goods in the United States; regularly provides services in the United States; regularly engages in business activities, trade or other business (commercial or non-commercial including not-for-profit) relations in the United States; ! Maintains an office or other property within the United States. Nexus requirements can be entered during the registration process, and altered via the Manage interface.
!
Note: By agreeing to the policies of the registry, Registrants agree to having one of these requirements. Nothing further is required from the Reseller to prove the Registrant has a legitimate registration.
For an up to date version of the official Nexus Requirements from the Neustar registry, please see the document located here: http://www.neustar.us/policies/docs/ustld_nexus_requirements.pdf
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Note: For .US real-time registration, a minimum one-year registration term is required. Additionally, the phone number MUST be in the following format:
+CCC.NNNNNNNNNNNNxEEEE where C = the country dial code, N is up to twelve digits of the phone number, and E is the extension. The x character is ONLY required if an extension is specified. For example, the Tucows phone number would be +1.4165350123 (where 1 is the dial code for Canada).
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Registrants may register associate .US names with profiles created with a previous gTLD registration, but not with a previous ccTLD. Registrants can obtain the auth_code for .US domains via the Manage Domain interface. Contact changes cannot be made while the domain is locked.
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Support for IDN registrations/management in specified languages. See the "IDN Supported TLDs and Languages" table.
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IDN Transfers
IDN transfers work in exactly the same way as .COM and .NET domain transfers. Simply submit a properly formatted transfer request via the Reseller Web Interface, or using the API as specified in the API Specification.
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Native Characters
This option allows you to enter the domain in the native language, using either the language characters in Unicode, or using an IME (Input Method Editor), and returns the domains representation in Punycode, RACE, and UTF-8 format. To learn more about Unicode, please visit http://www.unicode.org.
RACE
This option allows the input of a RACE converted name and converts it to UTF-8 and Punycode format. When entering a RACE encoded name, make sure that the name is prefaced with "bq--".
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Punycode
This option allows the input of a Punycode converted name and converts it to UTF-8 and RACE format. When entering a Punycode encoded name, make sure the name is prefaced with "xn--". To verify a domain name for Punycode compliance 1. Using the Punycode converter, copy and paste the complete, Punycode-converted domain name into the Input field. 2. From the Type options, select Punycode. 3. Click Convert. The page reloads, displaying the conversion results.
If the Input String name does resemble your input, then your data is not encoded in Punycode, and cannot be used for IDN registrations.
Note: The data may not exactly match your input due to case folding and other syntactical rules of Punycode.
To add a language in Internet Explorer choose View > Encoding > More, and then select the language that you would like to view. To add a language in Netscape choose View > Character Set, and then select the language that you would like to view.
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210
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Max Length
50 100 20 2
Variable
N/A N/A N/A 1-10
Note: The Domain_Name length presented in the table above is, of necessity, an approximate value. There is no way to tell the length of the Punycode converted name before conversion.
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Notes:
! Be sure to use one of the input methods described in "Entering Data in !
! ! !
2.
Punycode". Domain_Name = the domain in the desired UTF8 encoded characters (found using the Input Symbol tool as described above). The TLD (.COM, .NET) must use English characters. Username = the username for Registrant control of the name. Password = the password for Registrant control of the name. Reg_Period = the registration term. Save the Word file as HTML: choose File > Save as Web Page and save the file.
3. Open the HTML file in IE 5.0 or greater. 4. Re-save the file in IE: i. Choose File > Save As. ii. In the File name field, change the file name to something in ASCII (e.g. domains). iii. From the Save as Type drop-down list, choose Text. iv. From the Encoding drop-down list, choose Unicode (UTF-8). v. Click Save to save the file. Youre now ready to upload the file!
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6. To submit your batch file from a numbered position, enter the number in the Start registration process at number field. This feature is useful should your registrations be stopped at any point within the registration process and you need to resubmit part of your batch. 7. Once you have visually inspected your domains, click Register to commence the bulk lookup and registration process. The time it takes to register your bulk file depends on the size of your batch file. Each name appears on the screen as it either registers or fails to register because its taken. The word Done appears at the bottom of the domain list once the file is completely done.
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IDN (Internationalized Domain Name) Registrations As orders are looked up and registered, a new page is displayed showing the status of each order. Please make sure that your browser is still set to UTF-8 when reviewing the results page.
Note: In some cases, especially with large files or during times when the registrys response is slow, your browser may not display live updates of the registration progress until it has completed the file. Do not shut down your browser and try again; instead, let the browser complete the process until you see a screen as displayed below.
IDN Pricing
Tucows does not impose any additional costs for the registration of IDNs. IDNs follow the same pricing schedule as .COM and .NET transactions.
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Language Code 3
NO ARG ASM AST AVE AWA BAK BAL BAN BAS BEL BOS CAR CHE CHV COP COS WEL DIV DOI FIJ FRY GLA GLE GON INC IND INH JAV KAS
Name
None specified Aragonese Assamese Asturian; Bable Avestan Awadhi Bashkir Baluchi Balinese Basa Belarusian Bosnian Carib Chechen Chuvash Coptic Corsican Welsh-WEL Divehi Dogri Fijian Frisian Gaelic; Scottish Gaelic Irish Gondi Indic (Other) Indonesian Ingush Javanese Kashmiri
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Language Code 3
KAZ KHM KIR LTZ MAO MAY MLT MOL MON OSS PUS SIN SMO SOM SRD TGK YID AFR ALB ARA ARM AZE BAQ BEN BHO TIB BUL BUR CAT CZE CHI DAN GER DUT
Name
Kazakh Khmer Kirghiz Luxembourgish; Letzeburgesch Maori-MAO Malay-MAY Maltese Moldavian Mongolian Ossetian; Ossetic Pushto Sinhalese Samoan Somali Sardinian Tajik Yiddish Afrikaans Albanian-ALB Arabic Armenian-ARM Azerbaijani Basque-BAQ Bengali Bhojpuri Tibetan-TIB Bulgarian Burmese-BUR Catalan Czech-CZE Chinese-CHI Danish German-GER Dutch-DUT; Flemish
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Language Code 3
GRE ENG EST FAO PER FIN FRE GEO GUJ HEB HIN SCR HUN ICE ITA JPN KOR KUR LAO LAV LIT MAC MAL NEP NOR ORI PAN POL POR RAJ RUM RUS SAN SCC SLO
Name
Greek-GRE, Modern (1453-) English Estonian Faroese Persian-PER Finnish French-FRE Georgian-GEO Gujarati Hebrew Hindi Croatian-SCR Hungarian Icelandic-ICE Italian Japanese Korean (Hangul) Kurdish Lao Latvian Lithuanian Macedonian-MAC Malayalam Nepali Norwegian Oriya Panjabi Polish Portuguese Rajasthani Romanian-RUM Russian Sanskrit Serbian-SCC Slovak-SLO
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Language Code 3
SLV SND SPA SWA SWE SYR TAM TEL THA TUR UKR URD UZB VIE
Name
Slovenian Sindhi Spanish; Castilian Swahili Swedish Syriac Tamil Telugu Thai Turkish Ukrainian Urdu Uzbek Vietnamese
.ORG
Punycode enables the conversion of the following languages for use with .ORG IDNs. Language ID
63 64 79 80 84 87 88 95 107 109
Language Code 3
DAN GER HUN ICE KOR LAV LIT POL SPA SWE
Name
Danish German-GER Hungarian Icelandic-ICE Korean (Hangul) Latvian Lithuanian Polish Spanish; Castilian Swedish
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.INFO
Punycode enables the conversion of the following languages for use with .INFO IDNs. Language ID
63 64 79 80 84 87 88 95 109
Language Code 3
DAN GER HUN ICE KOR LAV LIT POL SWE
Name
Danish German-GER Hungarian Icelandic-ICE Korean (Hangul) Latvian Lithuanian Polish Swedish
Language Code 3
CHI DAN GER ICE JPN NOR SPA SWE Chinese Danish
Name
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Bulk Changes
The bulk changes feature allows you to update domain details for multiple domains in one request. Bulk changes are accepted for: DNS changes (nameserver change) ! Contact information (Reseller's Admin, Tech, and Billing contact) ! Domain locking/unlocking ! Domain Parked Pages ! Domain renewals Up to 1000 domains can be changed in bulk. If this limit is insufficient for your needs, please contact your sales representative.
!
Note: You can have only one active request in the queue at a time. If you need to queue more than one request, please contact your sales representative.
Contact
Y Y Y Y Y Y N Y Y N Y Y Y Y
Notes
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Bulk Changes
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Bulk Changes
Add nameservers: This adds new nameservers to the domains you specify. Remove nameservers: This removes nameservers from the domains you specify. Assign nameservers: This replaces the existing nameservers with new ones for the domains you specify. Please note that the original nameservers will be removed. Use this functionality with caution.
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Bulk Changes To make bulk DNS changes 1. On the Bulk Domain Change Management page, click Bulk DNS Changes. The Bulk Domain DNS Changes page opens.
2. Specify the domains to which you want to apply the bulk DNS change. To manually enter each domain, type each domain name, one domain per line, in the Enter the list of Domains textbox. To upload a text file that already lists the domains, click Browse, and locate the text file that lists the domains. For more information on generating a text file listing domains for a bulk change, see "Identifying the Domains to Which to Apply a Bulk Change", above. 3. Specify the nameservers to add, remove, or assign using the Add NS, Remove NS, or Assign NS textboxes. Note: You cannot add nameservers and assign nameservers in the same request. 4. To apply the DNS change to locked domains as well as unlocked domains, click Apply Changes to Locked Domains. 5. Enter the email address where you want the change confirmation to be sent in the Contact Email field. 6. When done specifying the nameservers to assign, add, or remove, click Submit. The Bulk Changes Domain Change page opens, indicating that your request has been submitted and will be processed within 48 hours. 224
Bulk Changes
1. From the Bulk Domain Change Management page, click Bulk Contact Changes. The Bulk Domain Contact Changes page opens. 2. Specify the domains to which you want to apply the bulk contact change. To manually enter each domain: type each domain name, one domain per line, in the Enter the list of Domains textbox. To upload a text file that already lists the domains: click Browse, and locate the text file that lists the domains. For more information on generating a text file listing domains for a bulk change, see "Identifying the Domains to Which to Apply a Bulk Change", above. 3. Use the Owner Contact, Admin Contact, Billing Contact, and/or Technical Contact sections to specify the new information for the contact type(s) that you want to update. To reuse contact information for different contact types: click the Same as Owner Information, Same as Admin Information, etc. checkboxes. 4. To apply the contact change to locked domains as well as unlocked domains, click the Apply Changes to Locked Domains checkbox. 5. Enter the email address where you want the change confirmation to be sent in the Contact Email field. 6. When done changing contact details, click Submit. The Bulk Changes Contact Change page opens, indicating that your request has been submitted and will be processed within 48 hours.
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Bulk Changes
2. Specify the domains that you want to lock or unlock. To manually enter each domain: type each domain name, one domain per line, in the Enter the list of Domains textbox. To upload a text file that already lists the domains: click Browse, and locate the text file that lists the domains. For more information on generating a text file listing domains for a bulk change, see "Identifying the Domains to Which to Apply a Bulk Change". 3. Select either Lock All Domains or Unlock All Domains. You cannot both lock and unlock domains in the same request; instead, you must submit one request to lock domains, and an additional request to unlock domains. 4. Enter the email address where you want the change confirmation to be sent in the Contact Email field. 5. When done, click Submit. The Bulk Changes Domain Change page opens, indicating that your request has been submitted and will be processed within 48 hours.
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Bulk Changes
2. Specify the domains for which you want to enable or disable Parked Pages. To manually enter each domain: type each domain name, one domain per line, in the Enter the list of Domains textbox. To upload a text file that already lists the domains: click Browse, and locate the text file that lists the domains. For more information on generating a text file listing domains for a bulk change, see "Identifying the Domains to Which to Apply a Bulk Change". 227
Bulk Changes 3. Select either Enable Parked Pages or Disable Parked Pages. Note: You cannot enable Parked Pages for some domains and disable Parked Pages for other domains in the same request; instead, you must submit one request to enable Parked Pages, and an additional request to disable Parked Pages. 4. Enter the email address where you want the change confirmation to be sent in the Contact Email field. 5. When done, click Submit. The Bulk Changes Domain Change page opens, indicating that your request has been submitted and will be processed within 48 hours.
2. From the Renewal Period drop-down list, select the renewal period for the domains that you want to renew. Note: You cannot specify different renewal periods for individual domains. All domains submitted in the bulk renewal request will have the same renewal term applied. .UK domains can only be renewed for a term of two years. To activate the auto-renew feature for the specified domains: select Yes in the Set Auto-Renew area. If unsure, leave No Change selected (default).
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Bulk Changes 3. In the Domain List box, enter the domains, one domain per line that you want to renew. 4. When done, click Submit. The Bulk Renewal Results page opens, indicating the status of each renewal.
Successful renewals are shown in green with a status of success. If the domain appears in the list more than once, subsequent entries are skipped and shown in yellow with a status of skipped. Failures are shown in red with a status of failed. Possible reasons for failures include (but are not limited to):
! ! !
Domain is not in your reseller account, or at OpenSRS. Previous renewal order for domain had failed (contact Support). Insufficient funds.
of the request.
For information on the request queue, see "Viewing Queued Bulk Change Requests". 229
Bulk Changes
For information on the request queue, see "Viewing Queued Bulk Change Requests".
For information on the request queue, see "Viewing Queued Bulk Change Requests".
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WHOIS Privacy
WHOIS Privacy hides the identity of a Registrant when a user does a WHOIS lookup on that Registrants domain. The benefit of having WHOIS Privacy is that the Registrants identity, including home address, phone number, and email address, is shielded from spammers, identity thieves, scammers, and other undesirables. When Registrants enable the WHOIS Privacy service, masked WHOIS contact information appears in the public WHOIS database.
Supported TLDs
gTLDs - .COM, .NET, .ORG, .BIZ, .INFO, .NAME ccTLDs - .CC, .TV
Reseller Qualification
In order to enable the WHOIS Privacy service, a Reseller must agree to the terms and conditions of the service. The agreement is available at https://rrc.tucows.com/resources/contracts/tldagreement.pdf
Product Overview
You can enable WHOIS Privacy for a domain when Purchasing a new domain. ! Renewing an existing domain. ! Transferring in a domain. ! Adding to an existing domain. Only domains in your reseller account can be set-up for WHOIS Privacy, and WHOIS Privacy remains in effect until you disable it or until the domain expires.
!
The WHOIS Privacy service can be disabled at any time; however, if you disable WHOIS Privacy, make sure that the Registrant is aware that, from that point forward, their personal WHOIS information will display whenever a WHOIS query is done on their domain name. If WHOIS Privacy is disabled, and the domain is still active, the correct WHOIS information is sent to the Registry. If the domain is deleted, the WHOIS Privacy service must be disabled so that renewal messages are not sent to the Registrant listed in the WHOIS record, since they no longer own the domain.
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WHOIS Privacy
To enable WHOIS Privacy 1. In the Domain Information section of the registration form, click Yes beside WHOIS Privacy. 2. Complete and submit the domain registration order. An email is sent to the Registrant to verify that the email address is correct. When the Registrant clicks on the link in the email to verify the email address, WHOIS Privacy is enabled. For more information, see "Validating WHOIS Privacy Requests".
Note: WHOIS Privacy for new .NAME registrations can only be enabled after the first five days after the registration has passed.
3. Click Update WHOIS Privacy. If this is the first time the domain has been enabled for WHOIS Privacy, an email is sent to the Registrant to verify that the email address is correct. When the Registrant clicks on the link in the email to verify the email address, WHOIS Privacy is enabled.
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WHOIS Privacy
To upload a text file that already lists the domains: click Browse, and
locate the text file that lists the domains. For more information on generating a text file listing domains for a bulk change, see "Identifying the Domains to which to apply a Bulk Change". Enter the email address where you want the change confirmation to be sent in the Contact Email field. 4. When done specifying the domains, click Submit. A message displays indicating that your request has been submitted and is in progress.
The Registrant clicks on the link in the email to indicate that the email address is correct.
Note: If this email bounces, it is then sent to the Reseller.
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WHOIS Privacy
Field
Domain Name Key
Description
The domain name for which WHOIS Privacy is requested. An alphanumeric string that can be found in the URL link provided in the verification email; the key appears in the URL after "&key=". Select Approve to confirm the request.
Action
Once the Registrant clicks Submit, a confirmation page opens. Clicking the Here link on the confirmation takes the Registrant to the WHOIS output for the domain.
3. In the WHOIS Privacy Order Info page, click the send link.
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WHOIS Privacy
To Reseller:
"WHOIS Privacy request for domain <domain> on <purchase_date> has not been confirmed and has timed out after 10 days."
To disable the WHOIS Privacy feature: select the Disable option, and then click Update WHOIS Privacy.
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WHOIS Privacy
To view domains with WHOIS Privacy disabled: click View Domains with WHOIS Privacy Disabled on the WHOIS Privacy Management page.
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WHOIS Privacy
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WHOIS Privacy
Description
The IP address in question has reached its maximum for communication with the WHOIS server. Contact your account manager if you feel that this was done in error.
WHOIS lookup refused for this IP range. This IP range is on Tucows block-list for WHOIS lookups. To request that this IP range be removed from the block-list, please send an email to whoisblock@tucows.com. Please include the IP range and a reason why it should be removed from the block-list. Please note that Tucows reserves the right to make final determinations on block-list inclusion.
The IP address in question has been blocked for perceived abuse of the WHOIS server. Resellers must follow the instructions and send an email to whoisblock@tucows.com with the IP range and justification for removal from the block list. As per the message, the request will be investigated, but Tucows does not guarantee removal from the block list.
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Order Queuing
Queue Setting is a powerful feature in the OpenSRS system that allows you to have the system automatically queue transactions if a supplier (registry) is offline or having communications problems, and then process those transactions once the supplier (registry) is reachable again. If enabled, this is done in real-time and requires no effort on your part. Note that this ONLY queues billable transactions (new domains, transfer requests, renewals). Funds are not removed from your account until the queue (and transactions therein) is processed. Additionally, any transactions entering the queue are NOT guaranteed, since the transaction has not yet reached the registry. Given this, you must ensure that, if you are enabling this capability, you are aware that you are potentially turning a synchronous supplier into an asynchronous supplier. While this allows you to take orders when a supplier is offline (scheduled, unscheduled, or unreachable due to internet connectivity issues) it also means that you may be taking orders (paid for) that wont process.
Note: .CA transfers, due to their unique processing nature, are NOT queued transactions.
There are related settings and interfaces in the Reseller Web Interface (http://resellers.opensrs.net/) as seen below:
The default setting for transaction Queuing is OFF for all suppliers. If you select Enabled, it turns on queuing for ALL the products that you offer. If you select Disabled, you can then opt to select whichever supplier concerns you (or for whom you are willing to handle the potential asynchronous billing). Below is an example of an account that has only com, . net, .org, .biz and .us enabled for queuing.
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Order Queuing
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Order Queuing The queues are processed automatically by our system as it determines supplier availability. This is done in real-time without any interaction by you. Transactions are done first in, first out from the queue. If errors occur during the processing of the transaction (domain not available, insufficient funds, etc.), an error is generated and the order is placed into Pending Orders. You may opt to cancel a transaction that resides in the queue before its processed. Note that this ONLY works if a) the supplier is down or b) that particular transaction hasnt been re-processed from the queue.
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Parked Pages
When the owner of a domain name does not have a web page to display for that domain, another web page can be substituted for that page. In this situation, the domain name is considered to be 'parked' and the page displayed in its place is termed a 'parked page.' Resellers can implement a customized (logo branded) Ad Revenue Partner page for Parked Pages in order to generate revenue from the resulting traffic. Resellers can support and customize parked pages by domain name. Tucows offers a number of different options for parked pages. You can choose to display parked pages with: Customized (logo branded) header, but no ads ! Customized (logo branded) header plus ads ! No ads and no header ! Ads, but no header The Parked Pages service is available for both new and existing registrations for all TLDs.
!
For information on adding your logo to the parked pages see "Extending Your Branding to Parked Pages".
Note: Changes to the Parked Pages state for .CA domains may take up to 48 hours to take effect. This is due to the Registrys (CIRA) zone-file publication schedule.
If the nameserver's underlying domain no longer exists, a parked page is displayed that contains ads as well as a message saying to contact the service provider to update the nameserver information.
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Parked Pages
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Parked Pages
To view the layout of a parked page: click View Sample. An example opens in a new window. When your review, is complete, click Close. To view the finished look of a parked page: click Preview. An example opens
in a new window. When your review is complete, close the window. To add or remove the Parked Page Service for multiple domains click the link at the bottom of the Parked Pages Settings page to access the Bulk Parked Pages page. For information on how to use this page, see "Assigning Parked Pages to Multiple Domains".
the file.
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Parked Pages
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Parked Pages 4. Click Update Parked Pages Settings. The domains DNS is automatically switched from the Resellers to Tucows internal DNS server for Parked Pages. Parked Pages service is invoked. Once it is registered and propagated, the domain displays your customized Ad Revenue Partner parked page.
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Parked Pages 3. Enter the information required to transfer the domain, then ensure the Action drop-down list shows Transfer Now and click Submit. You return to the RWI. 4. In the View Domain textbox in the Domain Registration Administration section, enter the domain name, for example, catmas.com, and click Query. The View Domain page opens. 5. Select the Yes radio button in the Enable Parked Pages area of the Domain Information section and, optionally, enter any comments. If you select Parked Pages Enable = Yes and the DNS information is entered, those DNS servers are saved in the Parked Pages database but the Parked Pages servers are used. 6. When the information is complete, click Update. You return to the RWI page that now displays a message near the top. The domains DNS is automatically switched from Resellers to Tucows internal DNS server for Parked Pages. Parked Pages service is invoked. Once it is registered and propagated, the transferred domain will display your customized Ad Revenue Partner parked page.
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Parked Pages
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Tucows Insight
Tucows Insight offers reporting and monitoring tools to assist you in managing your business. The first release includes Business Reporter, which is a package of business reports related to your Tucows transactions and is offered to you free of charge. To access Tucows Insight, from the RWI main menu, click the link under Registration Statistics. This brings you to the main menu as shown below.
All packages currently available for Tucows Insight are displayed. From this screen you can do the following: 1. View a demo of the package that you are interested in. Click the link provided in the description area for the package of your choice to view a demo. The following is an example of the demo for Business Reporter.
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Tucows Insight 2. Activate a trial subscription for the package of your choice. Click Try Now for 30 Days beside your chosen package. As shown below, the system then displays terms and conditions that you agree to on-line. Note: Trial subscriptions are not available for packages that are free of charge. This includes the first package, Business Reporter.
Once you agree, the date on which the trial subscription ends is displayed in the Status column beside the respective package.
At any time during your trial subscription, you have the option to fully subscribe to the package immediately or to have the subscription start at the end of your trial period. Click Subscribe Now to bring you to the screen shown below for these options.
Click either After Trial to activate your subscription after your trial ends or Now to start your subscription right away. 3. Subscribe to the package of your choice.
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Tucows Insight 4. Click Subscribe Now beside your chosen package to bring you to a summary screen outlining the details of your package including a price quote where applicable. As with the trial subscription, you are then presented with terms and conditions to which you must agree. Upon your agreement, the status displays the subscription end date.
You also have the option of canceling your subscription. Note that the
Cancel Subscription link is only available for 30 days. After 30 days
have passed, this link is no longer available and you must contact Tucows Support at reseller-support@opensrs.org if you want to cancel at this time. 5. View your subscription history. Click View my subscription history to bring you to a screen that details all the packages that you have subscribed to fully or on a trial basis.
! ! ! !
Package Namedisplays the name of the package to which you subscribed, for example Business Reporter. Statusdisplays the status of a particular package Active Canceled Expired Pricedisplays the price of a particular package. If you have a trial subscription for a particular package, this column displays trial. Startdisplays the start date of either your trial or full subscription. Expirydisplays the expiry date of either your trial or full subscription. Actionif you have fully subscribed to a package this column displays the option to cancel. Paid Untildisplays the date to which your subscription is paid. 251
Tucows Insight 6. Go to Tucows Insight. Click this link to go to the Tucows Insight application.
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Technical Support
This section outlines the various support resources available to Resellers. OpenSRS support can be reached using the following methods:
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Email; reseller-support@opensrs.org or for a much faster response, the private reseller-ONLY address listed at the bottom of the Reseller Web Interface Phone; 416-535-0123 or 1-800-371-6992 ext. 2030 in North America, M-F 8AM to 8PM EST, S-S 9AM to 5PM EST Fax; 416-531-5584 Emergency pager; http://www.opensrs.org/.emerg/ - 7x24 pager; for guidelines on emergency support use, please review: http://resellerhelp.tucows.com/faq1.php?q=
Other Documentation
Other documentation is available from the OpenSRS web site or in the current code distribution. All current documents can be found at: http://documentation.tucows.com/ This documentation includes: OpenSRS API Specificationfor Resellers who want to develop their own implementation of OpenSRS in a language of their choice ! Reseller Client Libraryfor Full Access Resellers, provides details on the PERL client provided In addition to this, our web site has several FAQs that are updated on a daily basis.
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Technical Support
Communication Methods
The following is a description of how Tucows communicates important information our Resellers.
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Data Constraints
The following section shows the data rules that must be followed when entering data in the various OpenSRS fields.
Usernames
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Passwords
!
Phone Numbers
max 40 characters ! whitespace stripped ! /^[\d\-\(\)\.\+\#\*]{4,}((x|ex|ext|xt)\.?\d+)?(TDD)?$/i ! >= 4d ! > 1/3 digits total ! matching # left/right brackets For EPP domains (.info/.biz/.us/.name)
!
EPP Phone Format ! +CCC.NNNNNNNNNNNNxEEEE ! C = Country Dial Code, N = number, E = extension ! x is ONLY required if an extension is specified -/^\+\d{1,3}\.\d{1,12}( *x\d{1,4})?$/
!
Fax Numbers
max 40c ! whitespace stripped ! /^[\d\-\(\)\.\+]{4,}$/ ! >= 4d ! > 1/3d total ! matching # left/right brackets ! checking not currently implemented For EPP domains (.info/.biz/.us/.name)
! ! ! ! ! !
EPP Phone Format +CCC.NNNNNNNNNNNNxEEEE C = Country Dial Code, N = number, E = extension x is ONLY required if an extension is specified /^\+\d{1,3}\.\d{1,12}( *x\d{1,4})?$/
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Data Constraints
Email Addresses
!
Affiliate ID
Resellers who have their own reseller or affiliate base can use an optional Affiliate ID field to track this business. If you don't have a reseller or affiliate business model or you don't want to track this information, this field can be ignored. This field can also be used to store any information that you want associated with each record.
! ! !
Allowed characters: A-Z a-z 0-9 Maximum characters: 100 Optional if no affiliate, leave this field blank
Field Limits
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
*_first_name *_last_name *_org_name *_address1 *_address2 *_address3 *_city *_state *_country *_postal_code *_phone *_fax *_email *_url reg_username reg_password domain fqdn1 fqdn2 fqdn3 fqdn4 fqdn5 fqdn6 lang_pref isa_trademark legal_type period
=> 64 => 64 => 64 => 64 (note, conflicts in various areas) => 64 (optional) (note, conflicts in various areas) => 64 (optional) (note, conflicts in various areas) => 64 => 32 => 2 => 32 (required) ("na" accepted as a placeholder) => 20 (note, conflicts in various areas) => 20 (note, conflicts in various areas) (optional) => 100 => 255 (optional) => 20 => 20, 1S+ => 80 => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => 60, /^[a-z0-9][a-z0-9\.\-]*[a-z0-9]$/ => (for .ca domains) => (for .ca domains) => (for .ca domains) => int 1..10 (1 if renewal) 256
Registry Errors
When performing certain actions on a domain, the Registry for that domain may return the following errors. Tucows does not issue these messages and cannot control when they are returned.
Domain is not yet 60 days old. Existing registrar has the name locked for either non-payment or at the end users request. Requesting party needs to contact existing registrar to resolve. Domain name is in dispute. The name has been deleted.
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