Small Scale Industries Definition Characteristics Importance Advantages of running an SSI A few definitions..

Small scale undertakings - Engaged in manufacturing, processing or preservation of goods; investment in plant and machinery up to Rs. 1 crore Tiny enterprises - Investment in plant and machinery up to Rs. 25 Lakh Small scale service/business enterprise - Investment in fixed assets up to Rs.25 Lakh (excluding plant and machinery) Women enterprises- Small scale units with financial holding of minimum 51% by one or more women entrepreneurs Artisans, village and cottage industries Artisans and small industrial activities in villages/towns with population of max. 50,000; utilising locally available natural resources; individual credit requirement up to Rs.50,000/Characteristics of a SSI Small capital investment Generates employment, generally around 10 employees Located in rural and semi urban areas Generally a sole proprietorship business Funding from the entrepreneurs personal funds Exploitation of human resources (Women and child labour) Organising and management skills are often neglected Financial discipline is weak Encourages entrepreneurial growth Balanced regional development is ensured

Importance of SSI Labour intensive Ensure an equal distribution of income and wealth Act as a link to large scale Act as a training ground for entrepreneurs Mobilize resources and services Give rise to capital formation Has a huge export potential Are extremely innovative and productive Advantages of running a SSI Most do not need high level of technology and are labour intensive and hence do not need huge start up or working capital SSI projects can be undertaken in a short time frame Use of abundant local natural resources is possible Small scale enterprises can be linked to large businesses which help in their growth and progress Able to generate local and permanent employment Have a short gestation period PROCEDURES FOR SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIAL LICENSING
License According to economics license means:A government-issued permission to engage in an activity or to operate a business. Criteria For SSI in India Industry employing less than 100 workers. Having fixed assets of less than Rs 10 lakhs need not obtain any license. (Subject to the condition that the unit is not owned, controlled or subsidiary of any other industrial undertaking) Small scale units have to conform to the rules and regulations prescribed by state or local authority under the Factories Act.

The Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951 Section 10 refers to the requirement of registration of existing industrial units. Section 11 refers to the requirement of licensing of new industrial undertakings. Section 11A deals with licences for the production of new articles. Section 13 refers, inter alia to the requirement of licensing for effecting substantial expansion. LIST OF ITEMS RESERVED FOR THE SMALL SECTOR FOOD AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES Pickles & chutneys Bread Mustard Oil (except solvent extracted) Ground nut oil (except solvent extracted) WOOD AND WOOD PRODUCTS Wooden furniture and fixtures PAPER PRODUCTS Exercise books and registers INJECTION MOULDING THERMO-PLASTIC PRODUCT PVC Pipes including conduits-lJpto - 110 mm dia Fittings for PVC pipes including conduits upto - 110 mm dia. OTHER CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL PRODUCTS Wax candles Laundry soap Safety matches Fire works Agarbattles GLASS AND CERAMICS Glass bangles MECHANICAL ENGG. EXCLUDING TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT Steel almirah Rolling shutters Steel chairs-All types Steel tables-All other types Steel furniture-All other types Padlocks

Stainless steel utensils Domestic utensils-Aluminium

EXEMPTION FROM INDUSTRIAL LICENSING Licensing is exempted for industrial undertakings (including MRTP/FERA companies)other than those in the small scale/ancillary sector, if i) The proposed article(s) of manufacture is not included in Annex I, II or is not reserved for small scale/ancillary sector. ii) The proposed project is not located within 25 kms. from the periphery of the standard urban area limits of a city having a population of more than 1 mln. according to the 1991Census (list enclosed). This condition, however, will not apply to electronics, computer software, printing industry and other non-polluting industries that may be notified from time to time. Those units who have received SIA or DTDG registrations for manufacture of the reserved items. SUBSTANTIAL EXPANSION Substantial expansion of existing units will also be exempt from licensing provided the item of manufacture is not covered by Annex I, Annex II or reserved for the small scale/ancillary sector. Manufacture of New Article Existing units will be permitted to manufacture any new article without additional investment if the article is not otherwise subjected to compulsory licensing This facility would be available notwithstanding any location conditions. FILING OF MEMORANDA In respect of new projects for manufacture of articles not covered by compulsory licensing or their substantial expansions the only requirement would be that the industrial undertaking shall file a memorandum in prescribed form to the Secretariat for Industrial Approvals (SIA) in the Ministry of Industry.

 Such a memorandum will also have to be filed by those industrial undertakings to be engaged in non-scheduled industries i.e. those not covered under the I(D&R) Act. The memorandum will be accompanied by a crossed demand draft of Rs. 1000/- in favor of the Pay and Accounts Officer, Department of Industrial Development, Ministry of Industry, Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi - 110011. The receipt of the memorandum will be acknowledged by the SIA and a reference number will be given. Industrial undertakings should quote this reference number in all future correspondence, if any, with the SIA .

REGISTRATION OF SSI Small Scale and ancillary units (i.e. undertaking with investment in plant and machinery of less than Rs. 6.0 million and Rs. 7.5 million respectively) should seek registration with the Director of Industries of the concerned State Government. Registering Your SSI Unit The main purpose of Registration is to maintain statistics and maintain a roll of such units for the purposes of providing incentives and support services. States have generally adopted the uniform registration procedures as per the guidelines. However, there may be some modifications done by States. It must be noted that small industries is basically a state subject. States use the same registration scheme for implementing their own policies. It is possible that some states may have a 'SIDO registration scheme' and a 'State registration scheme'. Benefits of Registering The regime of incentives offered by the Centre generally contains the following: - Credit prescription (Priority sector lending), differential rates of interest etc. - Excise Exemption Scheme

- Exemption under Direct Tax Laws. - Statutory support such as reservation and the Interest on Delayed Payments Act. States/UTs have their own package of facilities and incentives for small scale. They relate to: Development of industrial estates Tax subsidies Power tariff subsidies Capital investment subsidies & Other support. Both the Centre and the State, whether under law or otherwise, target their incentives and support packages generally to units registered with them. Objectives of The Registration Scheme - To enumerate and maintain a roll of small industries to which the package of incentives and support are targeted. -To provide a certificate enabling the units to avail statutory benefits mainly in terms of protection. - To serve the purpose of collection of statistics. - To create nodal centres at the Centre, State and District levels to promote SSI. Features of The Scheme - DIC is the primary registering centre - Registration is voluntary and not compulsory. - Two types of registration is done in all States. I. Provisional registration certificate II. Permanent registration certificate , after commencement of production - PRC is normally valid for 5 years and permanent registration is given in perpetuity Provisional Registration Certificate (PRC) - This is given for the pre-operative period and enables the units to obtain the term loans and working capital from financial institutions/banks under priority sector lending.

- Obtain facilities for accommodation, land, other approvals etc. - Obtain various necessary NOCs and clearances from regulatory bodies such as Pollution Control Board, Labour Regulations etc. Permanent Registration Certificate Enables the unit to get the following incentives/concessions: - Excise exemptions - Income-Tax exemption and Sales Tax exemption as per State Govt. Policy. - Incentives and concessions in power tariff etc. - Price and purchase preference for goods produced. - Availability of raw material depending on existing policy. Procedure For Registration Features of the present procedures are as follows : - A unit can apply for PRC for any item that does not require industrial license which means items listed in Schedule-III and items not listed in Schedule-I or Schedule-II of the licencing Exemption Notification. Units employing less than 50/100 workers with/without power can apply for registration even for those items included in Schedule-II. - Unit applies for PRC in prescribed application form. No field enquiry is done and PRC is issued. - PRC is valid for five years. If the entrepreneur is unable to set up the unit in this period, he can apply afresh at the end of five years period. - Once the unit commences production, it has to apply for permanent registration on the prescribed form. The following form basis of evaluation: - The unit has obtained all necessary clearances whether statutory or administrative. e.g. drug license under drug control order, NOC from Pollution Control Board, if required etc. - Unit does not violate any locational restrictions in force, at the time of evaluation. - Value of plant and machinery is within prescribed limits. - Unit is not owned, controlled or subsidiary of any other industrial undertaking as per notification. De-Registration

A Small Scale Unit can violate the regulations in the following ways which will make it liable for de-registration: - It crosses the investment limits. - It starts manufacturing any new item or items that require an industrial license or other kind of statutory license. - It does not satisfy the condition of being owned, controlled or being a subsidiary of any other industrial undertaking.