Name :

_____________________

Class :_______

YISHUN TOWN SECONDARY SCHOOL

MID-YEAR EXAMINATION 2009 SECONDARY 2 EXPRESS LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE
Date : 15 May 2009 Day : Friday Mark : 80 marks Duration : 1 hour 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES ADDITIONAL MATERIALS

1 OTAS 2 Writing papers 1 Graph Paper

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, class and register number in the spaces provided at the top of this page and on any separate writing paper used. Section A Answer all the questions. Shade your answers in the OTAS provided. Section B Answer all the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided. Section C Answer all the questions Write your answers in the writing papers provided. Hand in Section C separately

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on the last page. Approved calculators may be used for this paper. Name of Setter: Mr Jack Tan Name of Vetter: Mr Toh Weixiang

__________________________________________________________________________
This question paper consists of 15 printed pages, including the cover page. Section A (20 marks) Answer all the questions in this section. 1. A compound Y has a melting point of -22C and a boiling point of 48 C. At which temperature is Y a liquid? A -75 -50 B -25 0 temperature / oC C 25 50 D 75

2.

Which sentence best describes the arrangement of particles in a liquid? A) B) C) D) They are close together in an orderly arrangement. They are close together in a disorderly arrangement. They are far apart in an orderly arrangement. They are far apart in a disorderly arrangement.

3.

How many atoms are there in one molecule of iron (III) nitrate, Fe(NO3)3? A) B) C) D) 9 11 13 15

4.

Which of the following numbers is different for isotopes? A) B) C) D) Number of protons Number of neutrons Number of electrons Total number of protons and electrons

5.

Which statement about the elements in the Periodic Table is correct? A) B) C) D) Group 0 elements are unreactive metals. Group I elements are reactive non-metals. Group VII elements form negative ions. The elements become more metallic from left to right across a period.

6.

The table shows some typical properties of metals and non-metals. Which one of the following set of properties is correct? A) B) C) D) . Metals Good conductor of electricity Usually have a high melting point Shiny when polished Good conductor of electricity Non-metals Usually have a high melting point Good conductor of heat Good conductor of electricity Usually dull in appearance

7.

Which of the following has the most number of electrons? A) B) C) D) Ca2+ S2Ne Br-

8.

An unknown ion, X2+ contains 23 particles in the nucleus and 10 electrons outside the nucleus. What does the nucleus of the ion X2+ contain? Protons Neutrons

A) B) C) D)
9.

9 10 11 12

14 13 12 11

The atom of element X has the electronic configuration 2.8.6. Which statement about element X is correct? A) B) C) D) X is a poor conductor of electricity It forms an ion of charge +2 It has 2 protons in the outermost shell of an atom An atom of X has 12 electrons.

10 .

Which of the graphs below shows the graph of the number of outer shell electrons against the proton number of the first 12 elements of the Periodic Table?

11 .

Which one of the following contains only compounds? A) B) C) D) Oxygen, water, air Nitrogen, neon, chlorine Methane, air, sodium chloride Water, carbon dioxide, methane

12 .

The diagram below represents the particles in four substances. Which diagram represents a compound?

13 .

Which of the following statements is true? A) B) C) D) A mixture of salt and water forms a suspension. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where a solute dissolves in a solvent. A solution leaves a residue on the filter paper after filtration. A saturated solution is one where more solute can be dissolved.

14 .

In fizzy drinks, X is the solvent and Y is the solute. Identify X and Y. X carbon dioxide water nitrogen water Y water nitrogen water Carbon dioxide

A) B) C) D)

15 .

Methylated spirits will remove permanent ink from some surfaces whereas water will not. The best explanation for this is that A) B) C) D) methylated spirits is stronger than water. permanent ink is soluble in methylated spirits. permanent ink is soluble in water. water will not evaporate as quickly as methylated spirits.

16 .

What is the property that allows us to use fractional distillation to separate ethanol from water in alcoholic drinks? A) B) C) D) They have different melting points. They have different boiling points. They have different solubilities. They have different colours.

17 .

Which of the following is suitable to be obtained by crystallisation? A) B) C) D) Salt from a mixture of sand and salt Water from sugar solution Sugar from sugar solution Salt from a mixture of salt and sugar

18 .

The graph below shows the solubility of oxygen in the temperature range from 0oC 60oC.

At room temperature (25C), what is the maximum mass of oxygen that can dissolve in 200 grams of water? A) B) C) D) 0.0018g 0.0036g 0.0072g 0.0144g

19 .

The use of a Liebig condenser in distillation is to ________________. A) B) C) D) convert a liquid to a solid convert a liquid to a vapour convert a solid to a liquid convert a vapour to a liquid

20 .

You are given a sample of crystals. What should you check to test the purity of the crystals? A) B) C) D) Melting point Shape of crystals Size of crystals Solubility

Section B (30 marks) Answer all the questions in this section. 1. Carbon monoxide has a melting point of -205C and a boiling point of -192C. (a) In the space below, draw the particles of carbon monoxide at room temperature. [1]

(b) In a students notes, he wrote down that air is a mixture of elements. [1] (i) Define a mixture. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (ii) Hence or otherwise, state whether the student is correct. Explain your answer. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (iii) Compare a molecule of an element with a molecule of a compound. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (c) Water turns into steam at 100C. (i) Name this change in state. ____________________________________________________________________ (ii) Give two differences between the change in state in (i) and evaporation. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ [2] [1] [2] [2]

2.

(a) Complete the following table. Element Mg Nucleon Number 24 64 Fe3+ Br 56 80 31 15 18 29 28 Protons Neutrons Electrons

[5]

(b) In the boxes below, draw the full electronic structure of an atom and ion of nitrogen. . Atom Ion

[4]

(c) Write down the electronic configuration of the atom and ion of nitrogen. Atom: _____________________ Ion: _________________________

[2]

3.

The figure below shows a chromatogram obtained by separating the food colouring used in a new type of isotonic drink.

(a) Why does the black spot move further than the white spot? ____________________________________________________________________ (b) Give one precaution when obtaining this chromatogram. ____________________________________________________________________ (b) Calculate the Rf value of the black spot.

[1] [1]

[1]

(c) Is the colouring pure? Explain your answer. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (d) Why should the starting line be drawn in pencil and not ink? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (e) Give one advantage of using chromatography to analyse food samples. ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________

[1]

[1]

[1]

4.

The diagram below shows the apparatus used to obtain water from sea water.

(a) What is the name of this process? ____________________________________________________________________ (b) What is the purpose of the boiling chips? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (c) How do you know the water collected is pure? ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ (d) Label the water in and water out for the condenser. X: _________________________ Y: ________________________

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

10

Section C (30 marks) Draw the graph in question 1 on the graph paper provided. Answer all the questions in this section on the writing paper provided. Begin each question on a fresh piece of writing paper. 1. (a) Kate wants to find out the amount of a solute that can dissolve in different volumes of solvents. The given solvent is water and the solute is sugar. For different amounts of water, she added sugar till no more sugar can dissolve, and then recorded the mass of the sugar. The table below shows the results of her investigation. Volume of water/ cm3 Mass of sugar dissolved/ g 10 14 20 32 30 43 40 61 50 76 60 91

(i) Using the data from the table, plot a graph of mass of sugar dissolved against volume of water. (ii) Find the gradient of the graph. (iii) From the graph, how much sugar can be dissolved in 35 cm3 of water? (b) Describe, with labelled diagrams, how you would obtain a pure, dry sample of copper (II) sulphate crystals from a solution of copper (II) sulphate solution.

[4] [1] [1]

[4]

11

2.

(a)

The graph below shows how the solubility of 4 different substances, vary with temperature. The solubility of a substance refers to the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a fixed amount of solvent. In this experiment, all substances were dissolved in 100 cm3 of water.

(i) (ii) (b)

Describe the trend between solubility and temperature for the substance P. At which temperature does P and R have the same solubility?

[1] [1]

At 10C, it takes a long time for the different solutes to dissolve. (i) Describe an experiment to determine how stirring would affect the speed of dissolving. Include in your description the independent variable, the dependent variable and two factors to be kept constant. [4] Suggest two other ways beside stirring that result in the solutes dissolving faster. [2] [2]

(ii) (c)

List two characteristics of a heterogeneous solution.

12

3.

(a)

You are given a mixture containing the following liquids: Liquid Methanol Ethanol Propanol Butanol (i) Boiling Point / C 64 78 98 118

Name the most suitable method that can be used to separate the above liquid mixture into its components. [1] Draw a labeled diagram showing how the apparatus can be set up for the method named in (i). [5] Which liquid would be obtained first? Explain your answer. [2]

(ii)

(iii) (b)

An unknown substance is a liquid at room temperature but quickly solidified in a refrigerator. Describe two ways to determine if the liquid is a pure substance. ~ End of Paper ~

[2]

13

DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements

Group I II
1

III H
Hydrogen 1

IV

VI

VII

0
4

He
Helium 2 11 12 14 16 19 20

Li
Lithium 3 23 4

Be
Beryllium 5 24

B
Boron 6 27

C
Carbon 7 28

N
Nitrogen 8 31

O
Oxygen 9 32

F
Fluorine 10 35.5

Ne
Neon 40

Na
Sodium 11 39

Mg
Magnesium 12 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65

Al
Aluminium 13 70 14

Si
Silicon 73

P
Phosphorus 15 75 16

S
Sulphur 17 79

Cl
Chlorine 18 80

Ar
Argon 84

K
Potassium 19 85 20

Ca
Calcium 88

Sc
Scandium 21 89 22

Ti
Titanium 91

V
Vanadium 23 93

Cr
Chromium 24 96

Mn
Manganese 25 26

Fe
Iron 27 101

Co
Cobalt 28 103

Ni
Nickel 29 106

Cu
Copper 30 108

Zn
Zinc 31 112

Ga
Gallium 115

Ge
Germanium 32 119 33

As
Arsenic 34 122

Se
Selenium 35 128

Br
Bromine 36 127

Kr
Krypton 131

Rb
Rubidium 37 133 38

Sr
Strontium 39 137

Y
Yttrium 40 139

Zr
Zirconium 41 178

Nb
Niobium 181

Mo
184

Tc
186

Ru
Ruthenium 44 190 45

Rh
Rhodium 46 192

Pd
Palladium 47 195

Ag
Silver 48 197

Cd
Cadmium 49 201

In
Indium 50 204

Sn
Tin 51 207

Sb
Antimony 52 209

Te
Tellurium 53

I
Iodine 54

Xe
Xenon

Molybdenum Technetium 42 43

Cs
Caesium 55 56

Ba
Barium 226

La
Lanthanum 57 * 227 72

Hf
Hafnium 73

Ta
Tantalum 74

W
Tungsten 75

Re
Rhenium 76

Os
Osmium 77

Ir
Iridium 78

Pt
Platinum 79

Au
Gold 80

Hg
Mercury 81

Tl
Thallium 82

Pb
Lead 83

Bi
Bismuth 84

Po
Polonium 85

At
Astatine 86

Rn
Radon

Fr
Francium 87 88

Ra
Radium 89

Ac
Actinium = 140 141 144 150 152 157 159 162 165 167 169 173 175

*58-71 Lanthanoid series =90-103 Actinoid Series

a

Ce
Cerium 58 232

Pr

Nd
238

Pm
Promethium 60

Sm
Samarium 62 63

Eu
Europium

Gd
Gadolinium 64 65

Tb
Terbium

Dy
Dysprosium 66 67

Ho
Holmium 68

Er
Erbium 69

Tm
Thulium 70

Yb
Ytterbium 71

Lu
Lutetium

Praseodymium Neodymium 59 60

Key

a = relative atomic mass x = atomic symbol b = proton (atomic) number

90

Th
Thorium

Pa
Protactinium 91 92

U
Uranium

Np
Neptunium 93

Pu
Plutonium 94

Am
Americium 95 96

Cm
Curium

Bk
Berkelium 97

Cf
Californium 98

Es
Einsteinium 99

Fm
Fermium 100

Md

No

Lr
Lawrencium 103

Mendelevium Nobelium 101 102

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.)

15