JICA Project for Contingency Exercises in Indonesia

BALIHAI RESORT & SPA 2 MARCH 2007 CONTINGENCY PLANNING

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

CONTINGENCY PLANNING
ALSO KNOWN AS

CRISIS MANAGEMENT PLANNING

OR

EMERGENCY PLANNING

CONTINGENCY PLANNING

ANNEX 17 STANDARD 5.1.4 Each contracting State shall ensure that contingency plans are developed and resources made available to safeguard civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. The contingency plans shall be tested on a regular basis.

 A CONTINGENCY is a possible but not very likely future event or condition, it is An Eventuality

A CRISIS is an unstable period, especially one of extra trouble or danger, it is The Abnormal The Unexpected

MAJOR OBJECTIVE OF THE PLAN

The protection of life and property The resumption of normal operations

SECONDARY OBJECTIVE
Investigation accident or crime

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF THE PLAN

9 To rescue people from harm 9 To prevent the exposure of people to danger 9 Must be simple but effective 9 Must be known to all those involved in the implementation

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN

The initial response to a crisis will be:Disbelief !! Confusion !! Uncertainty !! The next stage requires:9 Communication 9 Confirmation 9 Assessment 9 Action

VARIOUS PHASES TO THE PLAN

FIRST PHASE Early warning SECOND PHASE Preparation THIRD PHASE Implementation FOURTH PHASE Operational FIFTH PHASE Recovery SIXTH PHASE Investigation SEVENTH PHASE - Evaluation

DEVELOPMENT OF CONTINGENCY PLANS

They should, at the very least deal with: Screening of passengers, baggage, cargo, mail and stores Unlawful seizure or sabotage of aircraft and installations and threats of such acts Armed attack within airport boundaries Armed attack from external points Investigation of suspected explosive devices and the disposal of such items.

AIMS OF THE PLAN

To achieve their purpose the plans should:
Be set out in an easily understood manual Define the responsibilities and actions/roles of the various personnel/agencies Ensure the orderly and efficient transition from normal to emergency operations Designate the command authority and clear chains of command

AIMS OF THE PLAN (cont.)

To achieve their purpose the plans should:
Delegate an airport emergency authority Assign the emergency responsibilities Authorise key personnel for actions in the plan Co-ordinate all efforts to cope with the incident Continue safe operations of aircraft or return to operations as soon as possible Provide additional security personnel and other staff resources

AIMS OF THE PLAN (cont.)

Designate specific duties of the following agencies: Government authorities Authority responsible for police functions Airport administration Air traffic services

AIMS OF THE PLAN (cont.)

Designate specific duties of the following agencies: Aircraft operator Military Medical services/hospitals Rescue and fire fighting services

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTRE (EOC) ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS: Well operated and equipped Focal point for control and co-ordination Clearly defined operating procedures Designation of personnel Layout and installations at the airport Availability of supporting services

EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTRE (EOC)

ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS: Facilities for evacuating personnel Diversion of aircraft as required Availability of accommodation Floodlighting Communications Availability of access points

CRISIS SITE MANAGEMENT

Media Centre Airline/Airport ICP Victim next of kin info/centre Fed. Gment decision making. Liaison with State Gments Foreign Gments. International Authorities (ICAO)

Press Liaison Point

Fire

VEHICLE AND EQUIPMENT HOLDING POINT Police Military Airport Authority Ambulance

CORE RESPONSE GROUP

Fire Brigade ICP Police ICP Police F/d Command Property Collection Point
Outer Cordon Inner Cordon

Gment Authority Military ICP Mortuary Collection Point Casualty Receiving Station

Ambulance ICP

Customs Immigration Quarantine Postal Athity

SITE
Survivor Ident Centre

Temporary Mortuary

Mortuary

Evacuation Assembly Point

Ambulance Loading Point

Designated Hospital(s)

Crew Assembly & Debrief Point

Medical Evaluation & Initial Treatment Teams

Trauma Counselors

Support Hospital(s)

INCIDENT ACCESS AND CONTROL

Controlled areas should be established:9 9

An inner cordon surrounding the actual incident Forward control point access to inner cordon

The purpose of the inner cordon is to isolate the incident and prevent access by the public or press and to contain any breakout by the perpetrators. Access to the inner cordon is only permitted with the agreement of the forward control point commander

CONTROL CRITERIA
Any form of crisis requires a Crisis Team Leader with a support team operating out of a Crisis Management Centre. A command structure must be agreed and accepted during the preparation of The Plan and not left for negotiation during an actual incident.

COMMUNICATIONS
4 Links will be required between the forward control point and personnel deployed within the inner cordon and also the EOC. It must be remembered that radio transmissions maybe overheard by the perpetrators, the press and others The early establishment of secure landlines is highly desirable

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DESIGNATED AIRCRAFT PARKING POINTS

One or more selected points will take into account: The availability of covered approaches The need for quick and easy access The possible danger to other aircraft, people and hazards such as fuel tanks The isolation from press/public The possible continuance of normal air traffic

PRESS AND PUBLIC

Media interest at a major incident will be considerable and it is important that:4 Press are dealt with fairly but firmly 4 They do not publish information that might prejudice action 4 Information is controlled regarding the situation 4 Camera teams are prevented from infiltrating the incident area

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HOSTAGE NEGOTIATION
The plan will take into account:o o o o The need for hostage negotiation The possibility of armed intervention Provision of negotiation personnel Provision of other resources:Interpreters Accommodation Communication

ADDITIONAL EXPERTISE
Resources may be required in the following areas to support EOC operations:4 4 4 4 In-flight explosive device search procedures In-flight handling and securing of suspect explosive articles Policing authority response to an occurrence Hostage negotiation

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ADDITIONAL EXPERTISE
Resources may be required in the following areas to support EOC operations:4 4 4 4 4 Psychiatry/psychology Communications Air traffic services Airport operations and layout Special parking location for aircraft

ADDITIONAL EXPERTISE
Resources may be required in the following areas to support EOC operations:4 4 4 Experts and documents available from adjacent locations Flight operations Other support services (e.g. linguist or religious specialist)

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DESIGNATED COMMAND AUTHORITY

For incidents involving airports and airlines there will be a Designated Command Authority within the National and/or Airport Contingency Plans An Airline Emergency Operations Centre would offer a supportive role to the Command Authority

AIRLINE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTRE (EOC)

Comprised of two cells INNER CELL Senior personnel from airline security, safety and flight operations OUTER CELL Senior personnel from airline management, technical/cabin crew, engineering management, legal, finance, public/media relations, employee relations, insurance and linguists

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AIRLINE EMERGENCY OPERATIONS CENTRE (EOC)

Preferred option is an EOC dedicated solely for the management of crises. If a location cannot be dedicated it must be capable of being quickly converted in times of crises. Access must be strictly controlled.

EOC DESIGN
In a security controlled area Accommodation for all agencies Communications equipment Sleeping/Rest areas
Toilet/Washrooms facilities

Meal Preparation/Dining Area Briefing Room should be an annex of the control centre

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OTHER INCIDENTS
Airline Contingency Plan in relation to non airports/aircraft incidents 1. Explosive attacks airline staff/property 2. Kidnapping of airline staff 3. Extortion 4. Bomb threats 5. Demonstrations 6. Natural disasters

OTHER INCIDENTS
7. 8. 9. War Civil disorder Consequences of major crime

Such incidents might occur at off-airport locations. The implementation of contingency plans will depend upon company policy and the laws of the State where the incident occurs.

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TESTING THE CRISIS MANAGEMENT PLAN

Two major requirements:

1. Testing responses of the teams 2. Testing the procedural elements of the plan

TESTING EXERCISES
9 Table top exercises with written scenarios 9 Hypothetical exercises 9 Restricted exercises 9 Real-time exercises should be undertaken annually

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CONCLUSION
Some questions are listed below which can be used as a basis for a comprehensive check-list Is there a Contingency Plan? Where is it located? What are your responsibilities? Do you have to contact anybody? Who are they? Is the telephone list up to date?

CONCLUSION
Further questions Has the plan been tested recently? Has there been a de-briefing session? Is there a reviewing committee? Who manages the crisis management centre? What equipment is needed? Are there sufficient telephone points?

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CONCLUSION
Further questions Has an emergency number been designated? How many calls can It take? Should additional lines be installed? What are the arrangements for refreshments? Will trauma counselling be required?

CONCLUSION
Further questions Who will liaise with the media? How much information do you give and how often? Where would you hold a press conference?

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REMEMBER!!!
CONTINGENCY PLANS MUST BE PRACTISED
AND EXERCISED ON A REGULAR BASIS, TO IDENTIFY WEAKNESSES AND TO MAKE MODIFICATIONS THAT ARE NECESSARY TO BRING AN ACTUAL EMERGENCY SITUATION TO A SAFE CONCLUSION.

Questions?

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