1 Name :...................................................................................................Class :..................... Teacher Name: ................................................................................ SULIT 4531 PHYSICS 23 Apr . 2008 1.

5 hours

MAKTAB RENDAH SAINS MARA ALOR GAJAH STANDARDIZE TEST 2, SEMESTER 1, 2008

PHYSICS 4 5 3 1 1 11 2 12 3 13 1 hour and 30 minutes

SPACE ANSWER FOR SECTION A 4 14 5 15 6 16 7 17 8 18 9 19 10 20

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1. This question paper consists of Section three sections: Section A, Section B and C A 2. Answer all questions in section A. B Write your answers in a space provided in front the question. 3. Answer all questions in section B and C. Write your answers on the C line provided at end of questions. Total 4. Show your working. It may help you to get marks. 5. You may use a non-programmable scientific calculator.

For Examiners Use Question Full Marks 1-20 20 1 5 2 8 3 7 4 8 5 12 60

Marks

This question paper consist of 18 printed pages and 0 non-printed pages 4531 Hak Cipta Unit Fizik, MRSM Alor Gajah, Melaka The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning. 1. = vf 2. = ax/D 3. T = 1/f

Section A [20 marks] Answer all question in this section. 1. One end of a slinky spring is moved backwards and forwards to produce a model of a wave. What is the name an example of this type of wave? A B C D Types of wave Transverse Transverse Longitudinal Longitudinal Example Sound waves Microwaves Microwaves Sound waves

2. The diagram shows the displacement-time graph of a wave particle oscillating in a medium when there is wave motion in the medium.
Displacement/cm

Time/s
1 2 3

Diagram 1 If the velocity of the wave is 5.0 ms-1, what is the wavelength of the wave? A 2m B 5m C 10 m D 20 m

3. The diagram shows the displacement- time graph of an oscillating system. displacement

time

Diagram 2 The system which produces this graph is having a A perpetual oscillation B damped oscillation C forced oscillation D resonance 4. The diagram shows a Bartons pendulum which consists of five simple pendulums hanging on horizontal string. When P is pull and released, it will cause the other four pendulums to oscillate

A B P C D Diagram 3 Which pendulum A, B, C or D will oscillate with the largest amplitude when pendulum P is oscillate?

5. The law of reflection state that A B C D the angle of incidence is twice the angle of reflection the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection the reflected ray is always perpendicular to the incident ray the sum of the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection is 1800

6. When a sound wave is reflected from a straight barrier, which of the following about the reflected sound wave have changed and which are constant? Changed Frequency, speed Direction of propagation, speed Direction of propagation Wavelength, frequency, speed Constant Wavelength, direction of propagation Wavelength, frequency Wavelength, frequency, speed Direction of propagation

A B C D

7. Which of the following describes the diffraction of water waves? A B C D It is the meeting of two water wave at a point It is the bending of water wave round the corners of an obstacle It is the bending of water wave when the wave travels from a deep area to a shallow area It is the change in direction of propagation of a water wave when it hits a barrier

8. When a wave is diffracted at the corners of an obstacle, which of the following characteristics of the diffracted waves decreases? A B C D Speed Frequency Wavelength Amplitude

9. The principle of superposition state that when two waves overlap, the resultant displacement is equal to A B C D the difference between the individual displacements of two waves the sum of the individual displacement of the two waves the difference of the amplitudes of the two waves the sum of the amplitudes of the two waves

10. In a Youngs double-slit experiment, the separation of the fringes is 1.8 mm when a light of wavelength 500 nm is used. What will the separation of the fringes if the light of wavelength 600nm is used? A B C D 1.52 mm 1.86 mm 2.16 mm 2.48 mm

11. In order to obtain an interference pattern, the two sources must be coherent. Which of the following is not a characteristic about coherency of two sources? A B C D Constant phase difference Same frequency Same wavelength Same amplitude

12. In a Youngs double-slit experiment, blue fringes are formed on the screen when a blue light source is used. What will be observed if the blue light is replaced by a red light source? A B C D Fringe separation Decreases Decreases Increases Increases Number of fringes Increases Decreases Increases Decreases

13. Which of the following is a correct description of the pitch of sound waves? A B C D The pitch increases with the frequency of sound waves The pitch increases with the amplitude of sound waves The pitch increases with the wavelength of sound waves The pitch increases with the period of sound waves

14. The diagram shows an electromagnetic spectrum. P Q Infrared R S

Which of the following are P, Q, R and S? P A B C D 15. X-ray Ultra-violet Ultra-violet X-ray Q Ultra-violet Visible light Visible light Visible light R Radio waves Microwaves Radio waves Microwaves S Microwaves Radio waves Microwaves Radio waves

The transmission station sending radio waves round a hill, is shown in the figure below. The house at the opposite side of the hill can receive the radio waves.

The phenomena involved is A B C D 16 interference diffraction refraction reflection

An interference pattern of two coherent water waves is shown in the figure below.

Which points represents the constructive interference? A P and Q B P and R C Q and R

8 D P, Q, and R. 17 The front view of a ripple tank in which the depth decreases towards both sides is shown in the figure below. R is an iron bar.

Which of the following pattern of the wavefronts will be observed in the ripple tank? A

18.

The figure shows plane water approaching a slit between a slit between two obstacles.

What will happened to when the effect of the diffraction of the water wave is increased? A is decreased B is increased C is constant

19.

The shape of the refracted wave depends on the shape of the area of shallow water over which the wave is passing. Which of the following diagrams shows the refraction of a water wave? A

20

The figure shows sound waves produced by a tuning fork.

Find the wavelength of the sound waves. The wavelength of the sound waves is the distance between A B C D A and B C and F D and F B and D

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Section B [28 marks] Answer all questions in this section 1. Figure 1.1 shows water waves approaching a barrier in a ripple tank. The frequency of the vibrator is 25 Hz.

Barrier Diagram 1 (a) (i) In Diagram 1, draw the waves and its direction of propagation after it hits the barrier. [2 marks] Compare the wavelength and the speed of the waves before and after it hit the barrier. [1 mark] (b) Traditional fisherman often have difficulties to detect shoals of fish. To overcome this problem, they use a modern technology to locate the shoals of fish. (i) Name one modern technology which fisherman use to detect shoals of fish [1 mark] (ii) State one reasons why this technology is used instead of conventional sound waves.

(ii)

11 [1 mark] 2. Diagram 2(i) shows the propagation of light waves from air to glass. Diagram 2(ii) shows the propagation of water waves in a ripple tank from a deep to a shallow area.

Diagram 2(i)

Diagram 2(ii)

a) State one common feature for the propagation of light waves and water waves that could be deduced from Diagram 2(i) and 2(ii) .. .. [1 mark] b) What is the cause of the change you have observed in : (i) Diagram 2(i) [1 mark] (ii) Diagram 2(ii) . [1 mark] c) What happens to the wavelength of the water waves in Diagram 2(ii) as they move from the deep to the shallow area? Give a reason for your answer. . .

12 [2 marks] d) Name the phenomenon. . . [1 mark] e) (i) Predict what would happen to the water wave at the deeper end of the tank, if its frequency is increased. .. [1 mark] (ii) Give the reason for your answer. .. [1 mark]

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3. Diagram 3 shows the pattern of water waves moving towards a gap between two walls at a water-theme park. The size of gap is 0.5 m.

Diagram 3 (a) Calculate the velocity of the water waves if the frequency is 5 Hz.

[2 marks] (b) In Diagram 3, draw the pattern of water waves after passing through the gap. [2 marks] (c) Name the wave phenomenon involved. . . [1 mark] Explain how this phenomenon occurs.

(d)

14 . . . . [2 marks] 4. The frequencies of sound by two instruments, a gong and a whistle are studied using a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO). Figure 4.1 shows tracings produced by sounds from the gong and the whistle.

Diagram 4.1 (a) What is meant by frequency? [1 mark] (b) Based on Diagram 4.1, compare the frequencies of sound waves produced by the gong and the whistle .. [1 mark] (c) Compare the magnitude of the following for sound waves produced by the gong and the whistle. (i) Velocity

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[1 mark] (ii) Wavelength [1 mark] (d) The gong and the whistle are used to produce sound at p in the laboratory. It is observed that sound by the gong can be heard clearly at Q, R and S outside the laboratory but sound by the whistle can be heard clearly only at Q and R but not clearly at S. The positions of P, Q, R and S are shown in Diagram 4.2. Laboratory P Q R

S Diagram 4.2 (i) Name the wave phenomenon which makes it possible for the sound by the gong to be heard clearly at S. . . [1 mark] (ii) Based on answers in (c) and (d)(i), state the relationship between wavelength and this wave phenomenon. . . [1 mark] (e) Sound wave with frequencies between 1 and 15 MHz are used for detecting objects in the body. The instrument works optimally if the wavelength of the sound waves used by instrument is equal to the size of the object. If sound travels at 1540 ms-1 in tissues, calculate the minimum frequency needed to detect 0.5 mm objects.

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[2 marks]

Section C [12 Marks] Answer all question in this section 5. A student carried out an experiment to study the interference of sound waves. He wanted to study the relationship of the distance between two consecutive instances of loud sound, x. The distance between the speakers, a and the location where the sound is detected, D , is 5. 0 m.

5.0 m

Loud sound

Soft sound Loud sound

a Soft sound Loud sound

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The student plotted a graph of x against 1/a, as shown in the figure.

x/m

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

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0.5

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1 / m-1 a

a) From the graph, i) State the relationship between x and a . . ii) [1 mark] Calculate the value of a if x= 2.0 m, show on the graph how you determine the value.

[3 marks] iii) Determine the gradient of the graph.

[3 marks] b) Using the value of the gradient obtained in (a) (iii) and the equation =
ax , calculate the wavelength of the sound waves used in this D

experiment.

[4 marks] c) State one precaution in this experiment.

19 .. .. [1 mark]

END OF QUESTIONS