ITS Exercises

Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali

Exercise 1
Linking URLs to SAP Web Lists
To link a URL to a specific part of a line in the list generated by executing a report, use
function module WWW_SET_URL in your report as follows:
1. Generate the list line with the WRITE statement.
2. Call WWW_SET_URL directly after the WRITE statement.
3. Specify the offset of the desired link in the OFFSET import parameter.
4. Specify the length of the desired link in the LENGTH import parameter.
5. Specify the URL you want to link to as a literal or as a variable in the FUNC
import parameter.
6. Pass an empty internal table with structure W3QUERY to the tables parameter
QUERY_STRING.
When you run the report in the R/3 System, the resulting list has the same appearance as
it always does. However, when you start the report from a Web page, the specified part of
the list line is presented as a link. If you click on this link, you access the URL address.
Example:
This report generates a list with the following output line:
'Web Reporting is brought to you by SAP AG '
By calling function module WWW_SET_URL, you link the URL 'http://www.sap-ag.de'
to the part of the output line that reads
REPORT W3HKTST1.
DATA QSTRING LIKE W3QUERY OCCURS 10.
DATA URL(100).
URL = 'http://www.sap-ag.de'.
WRITE: 'Web Reporting is brought to you by SAP AG '.
CALL FUNCTION 'WWW_SET_URL'
EXPORTING
OFFSET = 35
LENGTH = 6
FUNC = URL
TABLES
QUERY_STRING = QSTRING
EXCEPTIONS
INVALID_TABLE = 1
OTHERS = 2.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
'SAP AG'
If you start the report from the Web with the following URL:
/scripts/wgate.dll?~service=XGWFC&_FUNCTION=WWW_GET_REPORT&_REPORT=W3HKTST1
The following list appears in your Web browser:
By placing the cursor on SAP AG, you see that the URL specified in the program
(http://www.sap-ag.de) is connected to this link.
Exercise 2
Linking R/3 Function Calls to SAP Web Lists
You can use the technique of linking Web pages to SAP function modules to implement
interactive reporting in SAP Web reports. In the R/3 System, interactive reporting allows
you to generate drill-down lists from basic lists
Since interactive reporting in the R/3 System is such that the system itself stacks the lists
created in a report, you may want to program interactive reporting and use the ABAP/4
event concept to react to user actions. However, this is not currently possible for Web
Reporting because, the report finishes after sending a basic list to the Web, and cannot
react to further user input.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
To overcome this obstacle, you can link URLs to list lines that call SAP function
modules. Within these function modules, you can then program the task that you want the
system to perform after a particular user action on the Web list.
Function module WWW_SET_URL creates such URLs automatically and stores line-
specific information in a hide area.
To implement the call to an SAP function module in the line of a Web list, use function
module WWW_SET_URL in your report as follows:
1. Fill an empty internal table of structure W3QUERY with the parameters you want
to pass to the function module. Structure W3QUERY has two fields, NAME and
VALUE.
2. Create the list line with the WRITE statement.
3. Call WWW_SET_URL directly after the WRITE statement.
4. Specify the offset of the desired link in the OFFSET import parameter.
5. Specify the length of the desired link in the LENGTH import parameter.
6. Specify the function module that you want to call in the URL as a literal or as a
variable in the FUNC import parameter. Your function module must have the
standardized interface. For more information, see The WebRFC Gateway
Interface.
7. Pass the internal table with the parameters to the tables parameter
QUERY_STRING.
In contrast to standard interactive reporting in ABAP/4, you must use the internal table
QUERY_STRING instead of the hide area to store information specific to a list line that
you want to use later during an interactive event. For more information, see The Hide
Technique.
When you start such a report from the Web, the specified part of the list line is actually a
link. The URL of this link contains the call to the SAP function module passed in the
FUNC parameter and a list of the parameters stored in the internal table passed in the
QUERY_STRING parameter.
NOTE:
For each URL, you can specify different function modules with different
parameters.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
If you want to allow users who start reports from the R/3 System to perform the same
activities as Web users who start reports from the Web, include an interactive event key
word in your report program.
Lists. With interactive reporting on the Web, you store line-specific information with
function module WWW_SET_URL and not with the HIDE statement, so the system does
not retrieve this data automatically as it does for standard interactive events. Furthermore,
since you want to perform the same task in the R/3 system as from the Web, call the same
function modules during an interactive event.
The R/3 System provides function module WWW_GET_URL to perform this task. For
each interactive list line, this function module returns the same information ( function
name and parameters) as that stored with WWW_SET_URL.
After calling WWW_GET_URL, you can use the information returned to call the
relevant function module from within the R/3 System for each interactive event. Since the
interface of Web-enabled function modules is standardized, you need to program only
one function call with a dynamic function name. To supply the standardized interface,
define two additional internal tables pointing to the ABAP/4 Dictionary structures
W3HTML and W3MIME in your program. You can leave these tables empty.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
Report Source Code ( Report is connected to the logical database F1S )
REPORT W3HKTST2.
TABLES SPFLI.
DATA: QSTRING LIKE W3QUERY OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
MYHTML LIKE W3HTML OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
MYMIME LIKE W3MIME OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA FUNCT(100).
START-OF-SELECTION.
GET SPFLI.
* Data is retreived using Key fields.
REFRESH QSTRING.
QSTRING-NAME = 'CARRID'. QSTRING-VALUE = SPFLI-CARRID.
APPEND QSTRING.
QSTRING-NAME = 'CONNID'. QSTRING-VALUE = SPFLI-CONNID.
APPEND QSTRING.
WRITE: / sym_right_hand as symbol HOTSPOT COLOR = 5,
SPFLI-CARRID ,
SPFLI-CONNID,
SPFLI-CITYFROM,
SPFLI-CITYTO.
CALL FUNCTION 'WWW_SET_URL'
EXPORTING
OFFSET = 0
LENGTH = 1
FUNC = 'Z_SECONDARY_LIST'
TABLES
QUERY_STRING = QSTRING
EXCEPTIONS
INVALID_TABLE = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.
WRITE / 'Error in that line!'.
ENDIF.
END-OF-SELECTION.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-CUCOL = 2.
CALL FUNCTION 'WWW_GET_URL'
IMPORTING
FUNC = FUNCT
TABLES
QUERY_STRING = QSTRING
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 1.
IF SY-SUBRC NE 1.
CALL FUNCTION FUNCT
TABLES
QUERY_STRING = QSTRING
HTML = MYHTML
MIME = MYMIME
EXCEPTIONS
OTHERS = 1.
IF SY-SUBRC = 1.
WRITE 'Error !!'.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
This report generates a basic list from the database table SPFLI. By calling function
module WWW_SET_URL, the first column of each line is linked to a URL. For each
URL, function module Z_SECONDARY_LIST is specified. The internal table
QSTRING is filled with parameter pairs and passed to WWW_SET_URL. QSTRING is
cleared for each new list line.
You start the report from the Web with the URL:
/scripts/wgate.dll?_~service=xgwfc&_FUNCTION=WWW_GET_SELSCREEN&_REPORT=W3HKTST2
This displays the report selection screen. When you enter selection criteria and run the
report, a list similar to the following appears in your Web browser:
The URL of the fifth line looks like this:
href="/scripts/wgate.dll?_~service=xgwfc&_FUNCTION=SECONDARY_LIST&CARRID=LH&CONNID=2402"
This URL includes the name of the function module as well as the parameter pairs for the
airline carrier and connection.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
The source code of the function module SECONDARY_LIST is as follows:
First, this function reads the imported parameters from the internal table
QUERY_STRING. Then, it generates an output list in a SELECT loop. Finally, it sends
the list to the Web.
FUNCTION Z_SECONDARY_LIST.
REFRESH HTML.
REFRESH MIME.
CONTENT_TYPE = 'text/html'.
TABLES SFLIGHT.
DATA: MY_CARRID LIKE SPFLI-CARRID,
MY_CONNID LIKE SPFLI-CONNID.
LOOP AT QUERY_STRING.
IF QUERY_STRING-NAME EQ 'CARRID'.
MY_CARRID = QUERY_STRING-VALUE.
ENDIF.
IF QUERY_STRING-NAME EQ 'CONNID'.
MY_CONNID = QUERY_STRING-VALUE.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
WRITE: MY_CARRID, MY_CONNID.
ULINE.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT WHERE
CARRID EQ MY_CARRID
AND CONNID EQ MY_CONNID.
WRITE: / SFLIGHT-FLDATE,
SFLIGHT-SEATSMAX,
SFLIGHT-SEATSOCC.
ENDSELECT.
CALL FUNCTION 'WWW_LIST_TO_HTML'
TABLES
HTML = HTML.
ENDFUNCTION.
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
If you click on a link in the Web list, the following drill-down list appears in your Web
browser:
Exercise 3
Starting the Reporting Browser
Instead of calling specific reports (with or without selection screens) in URLs, you can
enable Web users to browse report trees. Report trees are hierarchical structures that
contain SAP reports or your own reports. There can be any number of report trees in an
R/3 System and the nodes of each report tree can offer executable reports or pre-
generated lists.
To allow Web users to access the SAP Reporting Browser, which is the standard
hierarchy of reports supplied by SAP, specify a URL that calls the standard function
module WWW_GET_TREE_LIST in your Web page.
You specify the following URL in your HTML:
/scripts/wgate.dll?~service=XGWFC&_FUNCTION=WWW_GET_TREE_LIST
ITS Exercises
Compiled By: Seetharam Maddali
Web users who click on this URL get a list of all report trees currently in the R/3 System.
Clicking on one of the report tree names displays the structure for that report tree. You
can click on the sub-trees to see subsequent levels and access reports at the lowest level.
This produces a page similar to that displayed below. Here, clicking on the node Flight
reports produces a list of executable reports (which may or may not have selection
screens).