MICROCONTROLLER SMALL QUESTIONS

1. Different types of processors studied in the academic year? A) 8085, 8086 processors. 2. What type of instruction set Microprocessor and Microcontroller? A)Microprocessor instruction set is FILO& Micr0controller instruction set is FIFO. 3) What is CISC? A) Complex instruction set code. 4) What is RISC? A)Reduced instruction set computer. 5) Different between RISC and CISC?
CISC RISC

1) Emphasis on hardware 1) Emphasis on software 2) Includes multiclock complex instructions 2) Single clock, Reduced instructions 3) Load and store incorporated in instructions 3) Load and store are independent instructions 4) Small code size, High cycles per second 4) Low cycles per second, logic code sizes 5) Transistors used for storing complex instructions 5) Spends more transistors on memory registers 6) Memory less 6) Memory more 6) How many address lines require interfacing 8KB of memory? 13 Adders lines. 7) What is program counter? A) It is used to increment the address of memory location.

8) Buffer:- Used to work as amplifier or driver 9) From which area data executed as fast:Accumula tor. 10) Principle of instruction set-FIFO: First In First Out. 11) Definition of instruction cycle: Execution cycle +Fetch Cycle-The
time taken to execute an instruction. 12) What is Microcontroller? A) It is highly integrated device, Which includes on one chip, All or most of the parts needed to perform an application control function, 13) What is interrupt latency? How can you reduce it? A) The time elapsed between the raise of an interrupt and the start of

servicing the interrupt is called interrupt latency, 14) What is a Microprocessor? A) Microprocessor is a program-controlled device, which fetches the instructions from memory, decodes and executes the instructions. Most Micro Processors are single- Chip devices.

15) Give examples for 8/16/32 bit Microprocessors? A)8-bit processor -8085\Z80/6800; 16-bit Processor-8085/68000/Z8000; 32bit Processor-80386/80486. 15. Why 8085 processor is called an 8 bit processor? A) Because 8085processor has 8 bit ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit). Similarly 8086 processor has 16bit ALU. 16. What is 1st/2nd/3rd/4th processor? A) The processor made of PMOS/NMOS/HMOS/HCMOS is called 1st/2nd/3rd/4th generation processors and made up of 4/8/16/32 bits. 17. Define HCMOS? A) High density N-type Complementary Metal Oxide Silicon Field Effect Transister. 18. What does microprocessor speed depend on? A) The processing speed depends on DATA BUS WIDTH. 19. Is address bus uni directional?
A) The address bus is uni directional because the address information is always given by the microprocessor to address a memory location of I/O devices.

20. Is the data bus is bi-directional?

A) The data bus is bi-directional because same bus is used for transfer of data between micro processor and memory or I/O devices in the both direction.

21. What is a disadvantage of microprocessor? A) It has limitations on size of data, most microprocessor does not support floating point operations. 22. What is the difference between microprocessor &microcontroller?
A) In microprocessor more op-codes, few bit handling instructions.In microcontroller fewer op-codes, more bit handling instructions and also it is defined as device that includes microprocessor, memory, input/output signal lines on a single chip. 23. What is meant by LATCH? A) Latch is a D-type flip flop used as a temporary storage device. 24.Why does microprocessor contain ROM chips?

A) Microprocessors contain ROM chips because it contains instructions to execute data. 25. What is difference between primary*secondary storage device? A)In primary storage device the storage capacity is limited. It has a volatile memory. In secondary storage device the storage capacity is large. It is non-volatile memory. 26. What is difference between static &dynamic RAM? A) The processing speed depends on DATA BUS WIDTH. 19. Is address bus uni directional? A) The address bus is uni directional because the address information is always given by the microprocessor to address a memory location of I/O devices.

20. Is the data bus is bi-directional?

A) The data bus is bi-directional because same bus is used for transfer of data between micro processor and memory or I/O devices in the both direction.

21. What is a disadvantage of microprocessor? A) It has limitations on size of data, most microprocessor does not support floating point operations. 22. What is the difference between microprocessor &microcontroller?
A) In microprocessor more op-codes, few bit handling instructions.In microcontroller fewer op-codes, more bit handling instructions and also it is defined as device that includes microprocessor, memory, input/output signal lines on a single chip. 23. What is meant by LATCH? A) Latch is a D-type flip flop used as a temporary storage device. 24.Why does microprocessor contain ROM chips? A) Microprocessors contain ROM chips because it contains instructions to execute data. 25. What is difference between primary*secondary storage device? A)In primary storage device the storage capacity is limited. It has a volatile memory. In secondary storage device the storage capacity is large. It is non-volatile memory. 26. What is difference between static &dynamic RAM? A)Static RAM: No refreshing,6 to 8 MOS transistors are required to form one memory cell. Information stored as voltage level in a flip flop. Dynamic RAM: Refreshed periodically, 3 to 4 transistors are required to form one memory cell. 27. What is cache memory?

A)Cache memory is a small high speed memory. It is used for temporary storage if data &the information between main memory &CPU.The cache memory is only in RAM.

28. What is Interrupt? A)Interrupt is a signal send by external device to processor so as to request the processor to form a particular work. 29. What is called Scratch pad of computer? A) Cache memory is Scratch pad of computer. 30. Which transistor is used in each cell of EPROM? A) FAMOS (Floating gate Avalanche injection MOS) transistor is used in each cell of EPROM. 31. What is difference between RAM & ROM? A)RAM: Random Access Memory, high speed, Volatile memory. ROM: Read Only Memory, Low speed, on-volatile memory. 32. What is compiler? A)Compiler is used to translate the high-level language program into machine code at a time. 33. Which processor structure is pipelined? A)All *86 processors have pipelined structure. 34. What is flag? A)Flag is a flip flop used to store the information about the status of a processor and the status of the instruction executed most recently. 35. What is stack? A)Static RAM: No refreshing,6 to 8 MOS transistors are required to form one memory cell. Information stored as voltage level in a flip flop. Dynamic RAM: Refreshed periodically, 3 to 4 transistors are required to form one memory cell. 27. What is cache memory?
A)Cache memory is a small high speed memory. It is used for temporary storage if data &the information between main memory &CPU.The cache memory is only in RAM.

28. What is Interrupt? A)Interrupt is a signal send by external device to processor so as to request the processor to form a particular work. 29. What is called Scratch pad of computer? A) Cache memory is Scratch pad of computer. 30. Which transistor is used in each cell of EPROM? A) FAMOS (Floating gate Avalanche injection MOS) transistor is used in each cell of EPROM. 31. What is difference between RAM & ROM? A)RAM: Random Access Memory, high speed, Volatile memory. ROM: Read Only Memory, Low speed, on-volatile memory. 32. What is compiler? A)Compiler is used to translate the high-level language program into machine code at a time. 33. Which processor structure is pipelined? A)All *86 processors have pipelined structure. 34. What is flag? A)Flag is a flip flop used to store the information about the status of a

processor and the status of the instruction executed most recently. 35. What is stack? A)Stack is a portion of RAM used for saving the content of Program Counter &General purpose registers. 36. Can ROM be used as Stack? A)ROM cannot be used as Stack because it is not possible to write to ROM. 37. What is NV-RAM? A)Non-volatile Read Write Memory, also called Flash memory. It is also now as Shadow RAM. A)Stack is a portion of RAM used for saving the content of Program Counter &General purpose registers. 36. Can ROM be used as Stack? A)ROM cannot be used as Stack because it is not possible to write to ROM. 37. What is NV-RAM? A)Non-volatile Read Write Memory, also called Flash memory. It is also now as Shadow RAM.

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