Homework #3 Official Solution (Q3-1) Blocks of 1.0kg, 2.0kg, 3.0kg are lined up on a table.

A rightward-pointing 12N force is applied to the left-most block. What force does the middle block exert on the right-most one?

(sol) The above figure describes the situation in this problem. Here, we have to concern the Newtons third law: action-reaction principle. Of course, we can access to this problem with physical intuition (we will discuss later). Let us set the equation of motion for this system. First, we have to find all objects which have their mass and thus react against the impressive force. There are three objects: M1, M2 and M3. Then, find all forces acting on the bodies. The gravitational force, normal force, F=12N, and the reaction force from M2 and M1 are acting on M1. For M2, we should consider the force M1 exerts on M2, M3 exerts on M2, normal force and gravitational force. Similarly, for M3, the force M2 exerts on M3, gravitational force and normal force are concerned. Let us set the equation of motion for there objects.

is the force acting on the object j by i)

Since the gravitation force and normal force of each objects have same magnitude (Newtons third law), all motions along y-direction are vanished. Therefore, we will focus on the x-directional motion. In above equation, since their motion (acceleration) cannot be separated. Let us add three equation of motion for x-direction:

Therefore, we can obtain the same answer if you assume that 3 objects move as one object. This example implies that we do not have to consider all small atoms and molecules consisting to the body because their inter-body interactions are cancelled out according to Newtons third law.

(Q3-2) A block 20% more massive than you hangs from a rope. The other end of the rope goes over a massless, frictionless pulley, and dangles freely. With what acceleration must you climb the rope to keep the block from falling? Similar to the previous problem, let us set the equation of motion when we deal with this question. Of course, we can apply some intuition, but it is better to follow the canonical approach if we want to reduce the mistake. In order to set the equation of motion, we have to identify all objects of motion in given system, and then find all forces acting on the objects. Now we have two objects: a man and block 20% heavier than the man. Let their mass be m1 and m2. For the man, we have to consider the gravitational force and upward tension from the rope. Similarly, the gravitational force and tension acts on the m2. Therefore, the equation of motion for the system is following:

Similar to the above question,

since m1 and m2 move as one object due to the

rope and we consider the stationary condition. T represents the tension force propagating along the rope according to Newtons third principle. Let us write the second equation with respect to T and substitute it into the first one. Then,

(Q3-3) (a) Since the circular motion with radius r, so equation of motion by a centered at the origin ( center of the earth) is

(centripetal force)
(b) The astronaut in the space craft feel centrifugal force by the circular motion of the spacecraft with direction outward to the earth. But there is also another force by the earth with acceleration g. since centrifuga force and acceleration is same, the astronaut feel weightlessness. So the equation of motion is

(c) Observation is depend on the reference frame

3 point for (a),(b)

4 point for (c)

(Q3-4) The frictional force is the only horizontal force acting, and the normal force is vertical and equal to the pucks weight. Then for each coordinate system,

x : k n max y : mg n 0
solving the y equation for n and substituting in the x equation gives

f k max k mg
By the constant acceleraion equation of motion

a x k g

2 v 2 v0 0 (14 m/s)2 1.75 m/s 2 2x 2(56 m)

Then

Get exact answer is 2 point Set the correct equation of motion have 4 point Get aceeleration well also get 4 point
(Q3-5) Just before a bug begins to slip, a bug can reach from the center where frictional force acts as a centripetal force. Thus,

Describe the situation correctly +3 Calculate the distance correctly +7 (Q3-6) In x-coordinate In y-coordinate Therefore,

Describe the situation correctly +3 Set equation properly +4 Obtain exact solution +3