Professional Documents
Culture Documents
hate narrow-minded, prejudiced person fake; false give voting rights hinder; obstruct to start a fire harmful; poisonous; lethal calm; peaceful
Engender Cause Hangar Knotty Nuance storage area (like garage) for a plane complex; difficult to solve something subtle; a fine shade of meaning
Plagiarism taking credit for someone else's writing or ideas Renown Tangent Fame going off the main subject
Abasement humiliation; degradation Billowing Cower Enhance swelling; fluttering; waving recoil in fear or servility; shrink away from improve; make better or clearer
Group 3
Harangue noisy, attacking speech Labyrinth a maze Nullify Plaintiff Replete Tangible to counter; make unimportant petitioner (in court of law) full can be touched
Group 4
Abrogate Blasphemy Credible Enigma Harbingers cancel; deny; repeal speech which offends religious sentiments believable puzzle; mystery indicators; bringers of warnings
Labyrinthine complicated; highly convoluted Nuzzle Plaudit cuddle; snuggle statement giving strong praise
Group 5
obvious
nt
itable praiseworthy
en
ration a cut
urate stubborn can be believed; reasonable a respite; postponement of a sentence of little value; gaudy
ible
ieve
dry
desist; go without; withdraw damaged; destroyed; ruined gullible; ready to believe anything cover
Group 7
strong stubborn; willful dull; monotonous; bland unbiased; not subjective flexible; not stubborn retract; repeal to moderate; soften
uster
tive
nd
er
Group 8
tribute; honor; praise support; prop up puzzling; enigmatic short-lived a pleasure seeker
Lamentation expression of regret or sorrow Obliterate Plummet Resolution Tentative difficult to understand; obscure destroy; demolish; eradicate fall suddenly and steeply determination not certain
truse
nderbuss 1. ancient weapon (type of gun); 2. a clumsy person recoil; flinch; shy away to cause bitterness and bad feeling self indulgence; pleasure-seeking using few words; brief; to the point indirect; slanting feathers of a bird
nge
enom
onism
onic
ique
mage
acious
Group 9 Group 10
Acrid sharp; pungent (used of smells and tastes)
Booris ill-mannered h Cynica believing that people act only out of l selfish motives Epistle a letter (form of communication) Heres against orthodox opinion y Lance spear; spike; javelin Obscu difficult to understand; partially hidden re Poigna deeply moving; strongly affecting the nt emotions Respit a break; intermission e Terse concise; to the point
mbast arrogant, pompous language cut short someone who appreciates good food &drink
rtail
icure
ed
listen to
dium
sonant echoing
02Group 1
Acrophob fear of heights ia Bourgeoi middle class s Debility weakness; incapacity Acuity sharpness (mental or visual) Braggart someone who boasts Debunki exposing false claims or ng myths Epitomiz typified; characterized; ed personified Hidebou rigid in opinions nd Languish decay; fade away; get weaker
Epistolar concerned with letters; through y correspondence Hiatus Languid interruption; pause tired; slow
Obsequi servile; submissive ous Polemica causing debate or argument l Restorat a tonic ive Thwart prevent; frustrate
Group 2
Group 4
muscular
awny
cathlon an athletic competition with ten events speak ambiguously; avoid telling the truth
uivocat
eroglyp 1. picture writing; 2. writing which is difficult to read s or enigmatic theft; robbery; stealing
rceny
nderou
Adroit
skilful / skillful
Group 5
Brevity being brief Decoru dignified, correct behavior [decorous (a)] m Err Hinder make a mistake obstruct
Largess generosity Obsolet no longer valid e Pontific speak pompously or dogmatically ate Reticent Tirade restrained; holding something back; uncommunicative stream of verbal abuse
ulation strong admiration; worship to show irritation lure; trap; trick wandering; irregular
stle
coy
atic
ud
tend
ter
Adversi hardship ty Broach start to discuss; approach Defere respect nce Esoteri obscure and difficult to c understand Hoary Lavish old on a grand scale; wasteful
Obtuse mentally dull Portent a warning sign; omen Revere worship Tome large book
voca
squ
olia
ous promote; take up; support sharpen; increase; whet careless; not strict
ne
eur
Aesthet concerning art or beauty ic Bulwark fortification; barricade; wall Defunct no longer in existence Etymolo the study of word origins gy Hyperb grossly exaggerated ole speech Legend 1. key to map; 2. myth or story
Odious hateful Posterit future generations y Rife Torpor common dormancy; sluggishness; inactivity
Affable
Hypochond a person obsessed with health; having riac imaginary illnesses Legion Officious in large numbers domineering; intrusive; meddlesome
Word list 03
Group 1
Alacrity eagerness; enthusiasm; quickness Burgeon grow; flourish; put forth new shoots Deleteri harmful ous Euphemi a polite phrase to cover something sm unpleasant Hypocriti insincere cal Lethargi tired; without energy c Ogle stare at; observe in an obvious manner
Group 2
Alchem medieval chemistry; attempt to change base y metal into gold Burnish polish Deliber to think over deeply ate Euphon pleasant sounds y Iconocl person who opposes orthodoxy ast Levity flippancy; joking about serious matters
Olfactor concerned with the sense of smell y Potable suitable for drinking Rotund round Tranqui peaceful l
Group 3
Alibi an excuse that shows someone was not at a crime scene
Buttress strengthen; support Delineati demarcation; explanation; definition; outlining on Evacuate vacate; empty; abandon Idiosyncr a personal peculiarity; something unique to asy an individual Libertari someone who opposes tyranny an Ominous threatening Potent powerful; compelling; strong
Group 4
Allay Byline Demur to lessen the line that tells you who wrote an article hesitate; refuse
Exacerba make worse te Ignomini shameful ous Liniment soothing lotion Omnipot all-powerful ent Pragmati practical c Ruse trick; stratagem
Group 5
Alleviate make less severe Cacopho discordant loud noises ny Denounc condemn; speak out against e Exaspera frustrated; annoyed ted Ignominy shame [ignominious (a) = shameful]
Lithe
flexible; supple
Omniscie all-knowing nt Pragmati practical person; one who is concerned with st usefulness Sacchari falsely sweet n Transien short-lived; ephemeral t
Group 6
Aloof Cajole Deplete distant; detached; cold coax use up; lessen
Exception very bad (something which we should able object to) Illuminate to light up or make clear Livid Onerous very angry burdensome; hard to undertake
Preamble introductory material Sacrosanc very holy; inviolable t Traverse to move across
Group 7
Altruism putting others first; being self-sacrificing Caldron huge cooking pot Deplore regret Exculpat free someone from blame; pardon; acquit e Illusory deceptive; false; misleading
Lobbyist Onus
Group 8
Amass Callow accumulate immature
Depravit moral corruption y Execrabl very, very bad e Immoder excessive; extreme ate Lofty Opaque snooty; arrogant; haughty does not let light through
Preceden a previous occurrence used as t a guide Sage Trinket a wise person something of little value; knick-knack
Group 9
Ambigui uncertainty; vagueness ty Candid frank; honest
Exegesi scholarly explanation or s interpretation Immuta unchanging; permanent ble Longevi long life ty Opulent wealthy; rich; magnificent Precept guiding principle Salaciou lecherous; erotic s Trite unoriginal; dull
Group 10
Ambigu unclear in meaning; can be interpreted in ous different ways Candor Deride frankness; openness ridicule; make fun of; mock
Exempla outstandingly good; setting a fine example ry Impartia unbiased; neutral l Loquaci talkative ous Ordain 1. destine; 2. confer holy orders on a priest
Word list 04
Group 1
Ambivalen lack of clarity; wavering; being ce undecided
Cantanker bad-tempered; quarrelsome ous Derogator uncomplimentary y Exemplify to serve as a good example Impecunio having no money us Lucid Ornate clear highly decorated
Precipice steep slope Salubriou health-giving s Truant shirker; someone absent without permission
Group 2
Ambulat able to walk around (used of hospital ory patients) Capaciou spacious s Desecrat to damage or pollute a holy place e Exhausti complete and thorough ve Impious wicked; profane Ludicrou ridiculous; silly s Orthodo conventional x Precipito done in a hurry us Salutary something which teaches you a lesson; beneficial
Group 3
Ameliorate make better Capitulate surrender; give in to Desecratio spoiling something holy n Exonerates acquits; absolves; removes blame
Impoverish destitute; poor ed Lukewarm Ossify Preclude 1. unenthusiastic; 2. neither hot nor cold 1. turn to bone; 2. become fixed and rigid prevent or make impossible
Group 4
Ameliorat improvement ion Carping Desist Exorcism constant criticism stop; discontinue; cease getting free/rid of; eliminating (especially demons)
Turpitude depravity
Group 5
Amiable friendly Cartograp person who makes maps her Desponde having no hope; miserable nt Expatriat refugee; emigrant; someone living away from his e own country Inadverte not intentional nt Luscious juicy; moist; succulent Oust push out of a position
Predeces one who came before sor Sanguina bloodthirsty; bloody ry Tyro novice; beginner
Group 6
Amity friendship Castigate scold strongly Destituti hardship; poverty; misery on Expedien convenient; practical t Incantati chant; invocation; prayer on Lynch Overt assassinate; kill; illegal hanging obvious; not hidden
Predicam dilemma; difficult ent situation Sanguine optimistic; cheerful Ubiquito found everywhere; us omnipresent
Group 7
Amorphou lacking in shape s Catharsis Deter Expedite purging of pent-up emotions put off; prevent make faster
Incarcerat putting in prison ion Machinati plots and plans ons Overwrou worked up; in an ght emotional state Preemine famous; outstanding nt Sardonic mocking
Group 8
Analgesi medicine to combat pain c Caucus type of private political meeting
Expositi clear explanation on Incessan without stopping t Maelstro whirlpool; storm in the m ocean Palatabl good to eat; agreeable e Prerogat right or privilege ive Savant person with knowledge
Group 9
Analogous comparable Caustic burning
Magnanim generous; bigous hearted Palisade Prescient Scale fence made of posts having foreknowledge to climb
Group 10
Anarchy chaos; lack of government
Cavalcade procession of vehicles Devoured greedily eaten/consumed Extradite deport from one country back to the home country
Palliative a remedy that improves but doesn't cure Presentim a feeling that something might happen ent Scapegoa person on whom blame is placed for faults t of others Underscor emphasize e
Word list 05
Group 1
Anecdote Celerity a brief amusing story speed
Dexterous skilful with hands Extraneou irrelevant s Incoherent not clear Maladroit clumsy; unskillful Pallid pale
Presumptu assuming too much; ous arrogant Scrupulou careful; diligent; s painstaking Unequivoc clear; obvious al
Group 2
Animosit hatred; antagonism y Censorio disapproving; critical us Dichoto my a division into two parts
Extrapol extend; predict on the basis of ate known data Incongru not fitting in; out of place ous Malady illness
Palpable easily felt; easily perceived Pretentio pompous; self-important us Scrutiniz examine carefully e Unfetter set free
Group 3
Annex (n) Censure Didactic Extrinsic a building which is an addition to an existing building blame intended to teach; instructive irrelevant; on the outside
Inconseque unimportant; insignificant; negligible ntial Malediction a curse Panacea remedy for all ills
Prevaricate speak misleadingly and evasively Scuttle Unfrock sink to remove a priest from his position
Group 4
Annex (v) Cerebral Diffident Fallacious take possession of; seize; capture intellectual lacking confidence false
Inconspicu not easily seen; subtle; not noticeable ous Malefactor a wrong-doer Paradigm Pristine Seminary 1. example; 2. model; 3. way of looking at things unspoiled an institution in which priests are trained
Group 5
Anomal something which does not fit in a pattern; y irregularity Certitu certainty de Digress wander off the subject Falter hesitate; waver
Indelibl cannot be wiped out e Malinge deliberately avoid work; shirk r Paradox apparently contradictory statement Proclivi tendency towards ty Sensuo appealing to the senses us
Group 6
Antagonis hostility; strong opposition m Charlatan Dike trickster who claims knowledge he doesn't have dam; embankment
Fanatical obsessive; fixated Indifferen 1. neutral; 2. not outstanding t Malingere person who deliberately tries to avoid r work Paragon a perfect example
Group 7
Antagoni opposed; hostile; aggressive stic Chary Dilatory wary of; cautious about; reluctant to give slow; falling behind with one's work
Fanaticis passion; excessive devotion m Indigeno native to a particular area us Malleabl flexible; can be shaped e Paramou of supreme importance
nt Prodigal wasteful; extravagant Sequeste isolate r Upbraid scold; tell off; reprimand
Group 8
Antediluv outdated; prehistoric; very old-fashioned ian Chastises punishes Dilemma puzzling situation Fastidiou overly particular; finicky s Indolence laziness Mallet Parasite 1. wooden hammer; 2. stick used for polo 1. scrounger; 2. animal which takes digested food from another
Prodigiou very large s Serendipi fortunate coincidence; unsought discovery ty Uproario hilarious; hysterical; very funny us
Group 9
Anthology a book which is a collection of poems or stories
Chicanery trickery Dilettante Fatuous Inductee person who dabbles in a subject without serious study silly; foolish novice; beginner
Manipulat influencable; controllable able Parched Profane Serene Upshot dried up unholy calm; peaceful outcome
Group 10
Anthropocent putting man at the center of one's rism philosophy Chimerical Diligent Feasible Indulgent Marred Pariah Profanity Serrated Urbane changeable; unstable hard-working possible and practicable pampering; satisfying desires damaged; spoiled an outcast from society swearing; cursing jagged; saw-like sophisticated; suave
Word list 06
Group 1
Antiquat outdated; old fashioned ed Choleric easily angered Diorama model of a scene Fecund fertile Inebriati drunkenness; intoxication on Marshal to gather together
Parity
equality
Profoun having deep meaning d Servile Usurp overly submissive; groveling take someone's position (usually by force)
Group 2
Apathet indifferent; uninterested; lethargic ic Chronicl person who records historical er information Dirge mournful song
Felicito apt us Ineffabl cannot be expressed in words e Marsupi pouched mammal (like a kangaroo) al Parochi narrow-minded; concerned only with al local matters Profund depth ity Skeptic doubting; not gullible al Utilitari useful an
Group 3
Apathy Circuitous lack of interest or emotion indirect
Disapproba disapproval tion Fervor Inept Martinet Parody passion; enthusiasm incompetent; unskilled; useless person who believes in strict discipline a mockery; imitation for ridicule; spoof
Proletarian member of the working class Skirmish Utopian minor battle a believer in an ideal world
Group 4
Apocryphal of doubtful origin Circumlocu using too many words; longtion windedness Discern Fickle Inertia Masochist Parry Prolific Sluggard Vacillate to distinguish one thing from another unpredictable; whimsical; easily swayed inactivity; lethargy person who intentionally inflicts pain on himself ward off; avoid producing a lot slow-moving; lethargic person waver; hesitate
Group 5
Appease pacify; soothe; calm down; make peace with
Inevitable cannot be avoided Matriarch society governed by women y Parsimoni economical; frugal; thrifty ous Proponen promoters; supporters ts Smelt Vacuous refine an ore empty; silly; meaningless
Group 6
Apprehen worried; fearful sive Circumspe cautious; considering all sides ct Discordan cacophony; harshness; jarring cy Fitful not continuous; stopping and starting
Inexorabl relentless e Maverick a loner Parsimony Prosaic stinginess; frugality; costcutting dull; boring; ordinary
Smorgasb a Swedish buffet of cold ord dishes Vagrant person wandering without a home
Group 7
Arable can be cultivated Circumv avoid ent Discrepa something which does not match up; ncy inconsistency Flagrant clearly wrong Inexpedi not advisable ent Meager Partisan in short supply biased; one-sided; committed to one group
Group 8
Arbitrary random; for no definite reason Clairvoya psychic; mystic nt Discrimin to make a clear distinction; see the ate difference Flamboy showy; ornate ant Infallible perfect; flawless; cannot make mistakes
Meander wander from side to side Pathos Prosody Solicit evoking sadness or pity study of versification to ask for; seek
ed
Group 9
Arcane Clamor obscure; known only to a few people shout; scream
Discursive long windedness; indirectness ness Flaunt Infamous Mellow Patron show off; display in a showy manner famous for something bad soft; melodious; ripe one who give support (usually financial)
Prostratio 1. lying face down; 2. be overcome with n extreme weakness Somnamb sleepwalker ulist Vehemenc violence; fervor; forcefulness e
Group 10
Archaic ancient; outdated; old fashioned Clandest secret; covert; stealthy ine Disdain contempt; strong dislike
Menager collection of animals ie Patroniz condescend to; behave in an arrogant e manner towards Protago main character in film, book, play etc. nist Soothsa fortuneteller
Word list 07
Group 1
Archetyp classic example of e Clemency mercy Disinteres unbiased ted Flout Ingnue defy; reject nave, unsophisticated person
Group 2
Archive collections of old records; place of storage of old s documents Clich overused expression; something unoriginal
Dispara criticize; belittle ge Flustere worked-up; not calm d Ingrate ungrateful person Mercen concerned only with money
ary Peccadil minor weakness; trivial offence lo Protg person under protection of, or guided by another Soporifi inducing sleep c Veneer surface coating
Group 3
Articulat clear; lucid; eloquent e Clientele customers Disparity an inequality Fly-bynight unreliable; disreputable
Inimical hostile Mercuria volatile; changeable l Pedant person who insists on strict adherence to rules or narrow learning
Group 4
Artifice Coalesce deception; trickery come together; merge
Dispassio neutral; objective nate Forensic concerned with argument or debate (esp. for legal evidence)
Innate Merge
Pedestria common; mundane; banal n Provincial unsophisticated; narrow-minded Specious Venial false minor; unimportant
Group 5
Artisan Coddle craftsman pamper; fuss over; indulge
Innocuous harmless; inoffensive Metaphoric symbolically; figuratively ally Peerless Prudent Speckled Veracity without equal cautious; wise spotted; freckled; dotted truthfulness
Group 6
Ascetic without luxuries; severely simple
Coercio force n Diurnal active in daytime Fortuito happening by chance us Innovat create; introduce
something new
Group 7
Assiduo thorough; diligent us Cogent lucid; well argued Divert 1. entertain; 2. distract; 3. cause a detour
Fractiou irritable; difficult to control s Inscruta mysterious; impenetrable ble Mettle courage; bravery; valor
Pellucid transparently clear Punctili paying attention to small details ous Spuriou false s Verbosit using too many words y
Group 8
Assuage to calm
Cogitat think over something; ponder e Docile gentle and easily lead
Fraudul fake; false ent Insentie unfeeling nt Milieu Pensive environment in a thoughtful mood; thinking deeply
Group 9
Astute Collage perceptive; sharp-witted picture made from fragments of other pictures
Dogmatic having stubbornly held opinions Frivolous not serious Insipid Mire Penury dull; bland; boring swamp; muddy ground poverty
Pusillanim cowardly ous Staid Vestigial dull; sober; serious not developed
Group 10
Asylum place of refuge or safety
Instigate to start; provoke Misanthr hater of the rest of ope mankind Perceptiv observant e Pyromani compulsion to start fires a Stanza section of a poem
Word list 08
Group 1
Atheist person who does not believe in God Colloqui local and informal (used of language) al Dotard foolish old man Furrow groove Instigat troublemaker; person who entices others to do or something Misnom wrong name er Percipie perceptive; insightful nt Quaff drink down quickly
Group 2
Atrophy waste away from lack of use Collusio plotting and planning n Drawl speak slowly with words running together
Furtive hidden and secret Insurge a rebel nt Misogyn hater of women ist Perditio damnation n Quagmi marsh; bog re Stereot fixed image ype Vindicat prove right; remove blame e
Group 3
Attenuate weaken Commandeer take possession of Drivel Futile nonsense useless; hopeless
Interminable never-ending Misrepresent deliberately ation deceiving Peremptory Quaint Stevedore Virtuoso in a commanding manner picturesque dockworker an accomplished
musician
Group 4
Augment increase; make bigger
Complac self-satisfied; smug ent Droll Galleon dryly amusing ancient type of sailing ship
Intermitt sporadic; irregular ent Mitigate Perfidy lessen; make less severe treachery
Group 5
Auspiciou favorable; promising to turn out well s Compliant easy to control; submissive Drone Gambol 1. monotonous noise (n); 2. to speak with no emotion (v); 3.male bee frolic; leap; bound
Intransige stubbornness nce Modicum small amount Perfuncto superficial; cursory ry Quarantin isolation to prevent the spread of disease
e Stoic Vital known for fortitude; indifferent to pleasure or pain essential; alive; important
Group 6
Austere severely plain Concaten link together ate Dubious doubtful Garble distort; confuse; muddle
Intransig stubborn; unyielding ent Momento very important us Peripatet nomadic; moving from place to place ic Quarry Stoke Vitriolic 1. something that is hunted; 2. mine for stone add fuel to; strengthen corrosive; strongly attacking
Group 7
Aversion a dislike of Concatena linking into chains tion Dupe Garish Intrepid to fool someone gaudy brave
important Querulous always complaining Stolid Vivacity impassive; dull; indifferent liveliness; animation
Group 8
Balk hinder and prevent; hesitate over
Conciliat to bring together; end a dispute e Dynamic lively; vibrant; energetic Garner gather; collect
Inveterat habitual e Moratori temporary prohibition or halt to um activity Perjury Quirk telling lies under oath oddity
Group 9
Banal common; dull Concise stated in few words Ebullien very lively; cheerful; jovial; t happy Garrulo talkative us Invidiou arousing envy s
Moribu on the point of death nd Pernicio destructive; harmful us Ramble wander aimlessly Strident loud and harsh Vocifer noisy; loud in speech ous
Group 10
Banality ordinariness; dullness Condesce talk down to nd Eccentric unusual; quirky; odd Gaunt emaciated; bony and angular
Persnicke fastidious; fussy ty Ramificati branches; subdivisions of a complex ons system; outcomes Stringent strict or severe Volatile dangerously unstable; evaporates easily
Word list 09
Group 1
Bane troublesome influence Condone tacitly support; overlook Eclectic Genre taking things from different sources a category; type
Irascible easily angered Mundane ordinary; worldly Perpetua caused to continue ted Rancor Strut Voluble resentment; animosity; bad feeling swagger; show off talkative
Group 2
Bard poet Condoni overlooking; disregarding; ignoring ng Edifice building; structure; construction
Stupefyi astonishing; shocking; stunning ng into silence Volumin very large; spacious ous
Group 3
Bastion fortress; stronghold Conflagra big fire tion Efface wipe out; remove all trace of
Group 4
Befuddle confuse Confound confuse Effigy a model of a person
Gibbering making meaningless noises Ironic Myriad satiric; unexpected in large numbers
Perspicaci insightful; sharp; wise ous Raucous rough and unpleasant (of sounds)
Group 5
Begrudg resent e Congeal to solidify Effusive gushing; demonstrative Glacial hostile; unfriendly; cold;
icy Irrationa unreasonable; absurd l Navigabl suitable for sailing e Perspica insight city Raze destroy; demolish; tear down
Group 6
Beguile mislead; lure Congenital present from birth Egalitarian belief in equality ism Goad prod; urge
Irreproach cannot be criticized; able perfect Nebulous Pertinent Rebuttal Subtle Wary vague relevant denial not obvious hesitant; cautious
Group 7
Belabor explain in unnecessary detail Connoiss person with refined taste and good eur judgment Egregiou outstandingly, obviously bad
Irrevoca cannot be cancelled; unchangeable ble Nefariou wicked; immoral; disreputable s Peruse Recant read carefully disclaim; retract statement
Group 8
Beleague besiege; attack r Consecra dedicate te Egress Gratis Itinerant Negate exit free of charge; without payment nomadic; wandering from place to place cancel; deny
Pervasiv spreading everywhere e Recapitul summarize ate Succinct concise Waylay accost; stop; approach; hinder
Group 9
Belie contradict
Consens general agreement us Eloquen fluent and persuasive in speech t Gratuito unwarranted us Jaded tired; bored; worn out
Recepta container; vessel; holder cle Suffragi someone who campaigns for st voting rights Weighty serious
Group 10
Belittle to demean Conspicu easily seen; prominent ous Elucidate make clear Gravity Jargon seriousness specialized language used by experts
Neologis newly coined word m Petulant sulky; peevish Recluse someone who cuts himself off from life
Word list 10
Group 1
Bellicose war-like; aggressive Consumm complete; total; supremely good ate Elusive hard to pin down
Phenome an event or happening (plural: non phenomena) Recupera get better after illness te Superlati extremely good; the best ve Whet sharpen
Group 2
Belligerent aggressive; ready to fight Contempo living or happening at the same rary time Emaciated very thin; withered Gritty Jaunt coarse; granular short pleasure trip
Niggardly miserly; stingy Philanthro charity; love of mankind py Red tape Surly formalities; paperwork; official procedure grumpy; rude
Group 3
Bemoan Contrite complain about sorry
Group 4
Benevolen kindly t Contrition sorrow and repentance Embezzle Guile Jingoistic defraud; steal cunning; craftiness extremely patriotic; nationalistic
Nonchalan an appearance of indifference; calm and ce composed Phlegmatic calm; imperturbable Redress put right something that was wrong
Group 5
Benign kindly; harmless Contumaci stubborn ous Embroil Guileless Jocular involve in hostility or argument frank; straightforward; honest in a joking manner
Group 6
Benignit compassion; gentleness; fondness y Contusio a bruise n Emerge come out; appear
Referend public vote um Suspect Wistful doubtful melancholy; pensive; expressing a longing for
Group 7
Bequeat leave something in one's will to be given after h one's death Conundr a puzzle um Emulate to imitate something admired Gullible easily fooled Jubilant ecstatic; delighted; rejoicing Nostalgi longing for the past a Pious Refute very religious disprove
Group 8
Berate scold; criticize Conventio usual; customary; common nal Endorse Gustatory give support or approval to concerned with the sense of taste
Judicious correct in judgment; wise Notoriety Pivotal infamy; known for wrong doing of central importance
Regale
entertain
Group 9
Beret type of cap Corpulent fat Endurance staying power; patience; stamina
Hackneye common and over-used d Jurisprude science or study of law nce Novel Placate Relegate Taciturn Zealot new; unusual pacify; soothe; calm dismiss to a lower position quiet; saying little fanatic
Group 10
Bestial behaving like a beast; brutal Corruga highly folded ted Endurin lasting g Hallowe worshipped; consecrated d Juxtapo place next to se Novice a beginner; tyro
Placebo
Remors regret; sorrow; contrition e Tactile Zenith concerned with the sense of touch summit
Word list 11
Group 1
Abate Abjure reduce in intensity renounce; swear to refrain from something
Blandishme words used to coax or flatter [blandish (v)] nt Boor Cardinal Deliberate ill-mannered person [boorish (a)] 1. high ranking church official; 2. major, important 1. slow (a); 2. to think over (v); 3. on purpose (a)
Equivocatio speaking ambiguously [equivocate (v), equivocal n (a)] Feckless feeble; helpless; lacking in initiative
Imperturba quality of being calm and not easily disturbed bility [imperturbable (a)] Meretriciou falsely attractive; tawdry s
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Group 2
Augury prediction, looking for omens [augur (v)]
Boycott refuse to have dealings with Glib slick; superficial esp. in speech
Incise
Moralis concerned with morals [moralize tic (v)] Ostraci shunning; social isolation sm [ostracize (v)] Pencha inclination; leaning; tendency; nt predilection Rarefy make less dense [rarefaction (n)] Repine fret; be discontented Stipula specify [stipulation (n)] te
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Group 3
Diaphan transparent; thin and delicate ous Feint Inured pretended attack; a move intended to deceive hardened; habituated
Mettleso spirited [mettle (n)] me Puissanc power e Recondit obscure e Stygian Touting very dark advertising; supporting [tout (v)]
Virtuosit skill, expertise [virtuoso (n); virtuosi y (n.pl)] Volubilit excessive talkativeness [voluble (a)] y
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Group 4
Caret punctuation mark signifying omission
Contiguo adjacent; touching; abutting [contiguity (n)] us Damp Ellipsis (used of vibration) reduce in extent omission of essential words
Extirpati wiping out; complete destruction [extirpate (v)] on Foppish Gaffe behaving or dressing like a dandy; excessively concerned with fashion blunder; social mistake
Hortator encouraging; exhorting y Opprobri expressing great scorn [opprobrium (n)] ous Recumbe reclining; lying down nt
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Group 5
Ambidextr able to use both left and right hands equally ous well Culpability guilt [culpable = blameworthy] Discernme judgment; perceptiveness nt Encomium praise Inveigle Minatory Ossified Plumb coax; cajole; wheedle; entice threatening turned to bone; become rigid [ossification (n)] measure depth of (v); exact (a. slang)
Quintesse most typical; the perfect example of ntial [quintessence (n)] Runic mysterious; magical
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Group 6
Accretion accumulation of matter; growth produced by adding from the outside
Anachroni occurring in the wrong time period [anachronism (n)] stic Chronic long lasting (often used for diseases in which case the opposite is acute)
Churlishn rudeness; ill-mannered behavior ess Demagog mob leader (who appeals to base instincts) ue [demagogy/demagoguery (n)] Effrontery daring; audacity (has a negative connotation) Idyll story or incident in peaceful or ideal setting [idyllic (a)]
Interregn interval between reigns or governments um Nugatory of minor significance; futile Sinecure job which pays salary but requiring little effort
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Group 7
Anodized Aphoristic Canonical electroplated; coated with thin layer of metal expressed tersely [aphorism (n) = short statement; maxim] orthodox [canon (n) = set of accepted works ]
Commensu equal in significance rate Dexterity Extant Impugned Probity skill, esp. with hands [dexterous (a)] still in existence (opposite of extinct) challenged; called into question uprightness; honesty
Raconteur person who relates a story Solicitous kindly; expressing care and concern
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Group 8
Amalgam join; consolidate ate [amalgamation (n)] Baleful Coerce evil force [coercion (n); coercing (a)]
Inchoate undeveloped; nascent Iniquitou evil; unjust [iniquity (n)] s Libertine dissolute person; prodigal Millinery hats and hat-making Natty neat; dapper; smart
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Group 9
Avaricio greedy for money us Extirpat wipe out totally e Halcyon peaceful and happy; calm (esp. of summer weather)
List (v) 1. to lean to one side; 2. to write in order Maudlin sad; sentimental; inclined to weep Refulge glowing; radiant nt Sublimi below the threshold of consciousness nal Testine irritability; irascibility [testy (a)] ss Vituper attack bitterly ate Whittle 1. carve with knife; 2. reduce step by step
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Group 10
Colander bowl with holes used to drain vegetables etc.
Cumberso bulky; difficult to carry [encumber = me to burden] Diaphano transparent; thin and delicate us Dispatch 1. send (v); 2. speed; celerity (n)
Epistemol theory of knowledge ogy Froward Supine stubborn; wayward; disobedient lying flat on ones back
Throwbac exhibiting primitive, or ancestral, k traits Untoward unexpected Verisimila true to life; giving the appearance of r reality
Word list 12
Group 1
Abysmal very deep; very bad Approbat approval [opp. disapprobation] ion Bent (n) Cadge Debacle inclination; aptitude get by begging disaster
Extempor speak without preparation or rehearsal [extemporaneous (a)] ize Incumbe occupiers of a job or position nts Lambast attack verbally e
Noisome disgusting Pastiche work (usually artistic) which imitates, or is composed of parts taken from varied sources
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Group 2
Arboreal living in trees; concerned with trees Centrifug device to separate substances by spinning them e at high speed Cloistere isolated d Disabuse make someone aware of an error in thinking Engender causing; bringing into being [engender (v)] ing Intemper excessive; immoderate [intemperance (n)] ate Lugubrio sad; gloomy us Nonpluss confused ed Pedagog science of education; teaching y Satiate Slake satisfy; fill completely [satiable (a); satiation (n)] quench; satisfy
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Group 3
Artless without effort; without trickery; simple
Comeline beauty; prettiness [comely (a)] ss Doff Don Erudition take off (esp. of a hat) put on (esp. of clothes) learning; scholarly knowledge [erudite (a)]
Tendenti dogmatic; biased ous Tortuous indirect; winding Verbiage excessive or meaningless wordiness
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Group 4
Atonement making amends for sin or crime [atone (v)] Complaisan flexibility; willingness to please [complaisant ce (a)] Daguerreot forerunner of the photograph ype Fawn behave in a sycophantic way; grovel [fawning (a)]
Gregarious sociability; liking for crowds [gregarious (a)] ness Nascent Paean Reproof Scurvy Tutelary emerging; newly formed praise; tribute (esp. in song) scolding; criticism [reprove (v)] 1. disease due to lack of vitamin C; 2. contemptible; rascally serving as a guardian [tutelage (n)]
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Group 5
Abscissio cutting; process causing leaves to fall n off Contenti causing argument [contention (n); ous contend (v)] Debilitati weakening [debilitate (v)] ng Foible quirk; minor weakness
Importun beg; solicit [importunate (a)] e Pertain Slew Toady Torrid be relevant to [pertinent (a)] glut; excess sycophant; flatterer hot and steamy
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Group 6
Asperity using harsh or critical tone Blowhard boastful person Disingenu crafty ous Evanesce short-lived [evanescence (n)] nt Intangible Labile cannot be touched; abstract [intangibility (n)] changing rapidly; unstable
Malapropi use of similar sounding but incorrect sm word Posture (v) to put on an act
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Group 7
Foreshado indicated a future event [foreshadow (v)] wed Gaucherie awkwardness [gauche (a)]
Heterodox unorthodox Inscrutabil quality of being difficult to comprehend ity [inscrutable (a)] Limerick short amusing poem
Mannered stylized; pretentious Pluck (n) Sedulous Syllogism Vicissitude courage persevering; eager and thorough type of logical reasoning unexpected change in fortune or circumstances
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Group 8
Acolyte disciple; follower or attendant Admonito scolding [admonition (n)] ry Caprices whimsies; fancies Cornucop symbol (horn filled with fruit etc.) denoting natural ia abundance Deferenti showing respect [deference (n); defer (v)] al Intractabi stubbornness; resistance [intractable (a)] lity Luminary eminent person Minion underling; servant
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Group 9
Coterie clique; small group with common interests
Denigra decry; criticize; belittle te Empiric found by experiment or practice al Gainsay contradict Hyperb exaggeration [hyperbolic (a)] ole Modest 1. bashful; unpretentious; 2. not excessive Prolixit wordiness [prolix (a)] y Rebus Sere Vulpine puzzle in which pictures give clues withered; old like a fox [compare with bovine (cow-like); porcine (pig-like), etc.]
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Group 10
Corrobor give supporting evidence ate [corroboration (n)] Exacerba made worse [exacerbate (v); ted exacerbation (n)] Exact (v) to demand; extort Faddish Hapless whimsical; following a fashion unlucky
Misconst put a wrong interpretation on rue something Perennia long-lasting l Rent Shard torn (past participle of the verb to rend) fragment of pottery
Word list 13
Group 1
Alleviate made less severe [alleviation (n); alleviate (v)] d Apostro 1. punctuation mark; 2. appeal to someone not present (a figure of speech) phe Centurio roman soldier (commander of a company of 100 soldiers) n Emollien softening (a); something which softens (n) t Fusillade long burst of gunfire Inerranc infallibility; inability to make mistakes [inerrant (a)] y Mince 1. chop into small pieces; 2. walk with tiny steps, 3. speak in an affected manner
Palpate medical term meaning to examine with the hands Platitud unoriginal, obvious saying e Quibble 1. (v) to argue about minor matters; to play on words when finding fault; 2. (n) a minor verbal point in an argument
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Group 2
Apprehensi slight fear; sense of something unfavorable on Conniving Derision Epigram Lassitude Pedantic cunning; scheming [connive (v)] mockery [deride (v)] short, witty saying lack of energy; weariness over-insistent on matters of book-learning [pedant (n)]
Phenomeno branch of science concerned with things as they are perceived; not directly logy derived from theory Precipitate 1. hurried (a); 2. insoluble product of a reaction in chemistry (n), 3. to
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Group 3
Armada fleet of ships Dawdler slow person who falls behind others [dawdle (v)] Dross something worthless; impurities left after refining
Expiate atone; make amends for Hack Prone 1. chop roughly; 2. person who writes to earn money, 3. hired horse 1. vulnerable to; 2. horizontal
Propens tendency; inclination ity Scabbar cover for a sword d Skiff small boat
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Group 4
Dilettantism Enervate Malevolent Neophyte Panegyric Presage Serration Slight Tare dabbling esp. in the arts [dilettante (n) = person who dabbles] weaken having evil intentions [malevolence(n)] new convert; tyro speech praising someone; laudatory words forewarn of; indicate jagged edge 1. minor (a); 2. perceived insult (v) and (n) 1. weed; 2. allowance made for container when
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Group 5
Aberrati deviation from the normal on Cant insincere talk
Disinter dig up [opposite inter = bury] Faade 1. front elevation of building, 2. false appearance or demeanor
Impedin hindering [impede (v); impediment (n)] g Lacuna gap; missing part [plural = lacunae] Monolit united in purpose; forming a single unit hic Pied Roster multicolored list of names
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Group 6
Analogu 1. something similar; 2. output proportional to input e (engineering) Coda piece of music at the end of a musical work; finale; final part of document
Commin mix gle Equivoc ambiguous; open to interpretation [equivocate (v), al equivocation (n)] Fallible capable of making mistakes [fallibility (n)] Hallow respect; worship
Indigenc poverty e Papyrus material used for writing on before paper was invented Pique Sap 1. annoyance (n); 2. to stimulate interest; to annoy (v) 1. liquid inside plants (n); 2. to drain; to undermine (v); 3. a fool (n)
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Group 7
Arbitrat mediator; person appointed to judge a dispute or [arbitrate (v)] Descry to see (esp. at a distance); catch sight of
Facetio not intended to be taken seriously us Indecor unseemly; inappropriate (of behavior) ous Prolifer grow and spread [proliferation (n)] ate Scotch (v) Strut Toy (v) Usury to prevent; stop; disable 1. supporting rod (n); 2. to walk in an arrogant manner; show off (v) to play with lending money at high interest rates
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Group 8
Atavism reappearance of ancestral traits; regression [atavistic (a)]
Obligate compulsory Predilect leaning; interest; talent ion Propitiat appease; try to gain favor [propitiation (n)] e Stanch to stop
Travesty parody; ridiculous error Waft drift smoothly (v); whiff; smell (n)
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Group 9
Forage search for food Lumber 1. walk in an ungainly way; 2. timber (wood) Muse 1. think; meditate (v); 2. a source of inspiration (n) [in mythology, a goddess who gives inspiration]
Prescien foreknowledge ce Prune Ready 1. to trim; 2. a dried plum (used of wit) quick
Resolve firmness (n) Squalid dirty and demeaning Sullied made dirty or impure [opposite unsullied; sully (v)]
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Group 10
Demur object; hesitate to accept Duplicity cunning; deception; double dealing Exigency urgent matter; pressing need Expostul offer strong objections; remonstrate ate Gossame delicate; filmy; like gauze
r Inefficaci ineffective ous Pine Prudish 1. type of evergreen tree; 2. grieve narrow-minded; excessively concerned with morals [ prudery (n), prude (n)]
Word list 14
Group 1
Abrasion 1. damage to skin caused by scraping; 2. process of scraping or rubbing [abrade (v)]
Adumbrat outline; indicate e Cognitive concerned with thinking or perceiving [ cognition (n)] Deign Fervid Gall Levee condescend passionate 1. bitterness (bad feeling); 2. confidence; 3. abnormal growth on a plant 1. raised bank of a river; 2. morning reception held by a monarch
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Group 2
Abut to adjoin Consterna worry and concern tion Gavel judges hammer
Lien
Parenthesi remarks deviating from the main point [parentheses are round brackets in s punctuation] Sinewy Steep (v) Tamp Venturing Wry vigorous; having well-developed muscles [a sinew is a tendon] to soak in water to plug; press loose matter down tightly (e.g. pack explosives into a hole) 1. hazarding; risking; putting forward; 2. going somewhere [ venturesome means courageous or willing to take risks] 1. twisted or bent to one side; 2. dryly humorous
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Group 3
Arduous hard Decimated kill or destroy a large part of (originally one tenth) Fledge Gouge Picayune Riveting Soliloquy 1. grow feathers; 2. leave nest [fledgling (n) = an inexperienced person or a baby bird] cut or dig out insignificant; of little value fascinating [to rivet literally means to fix metal plates using metal pins] solo speech
Supplicant person who requests or begs for something [ supplicate (v)] Transcende supernatural; going beyond normal experience [transcendent (a)] ntal Veritable true; genuine [verity (n)]
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Group 4
Condescen talking down to someone [condescending (a)] sion Divest Eddy Epaulet remove; take off circular current shoulder decoration
wrong idea [fallacious (a)] 1. decorative border with tassels (n); 2. to form an edge (v) to make light; modify; cause bread to rise using yeast etc. 1. to talk down to; condescend; 2. to be a customer of
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Group 5
Antipat hatred hy Aver affirm
Expatia speak or write at great length te Flag (v) Flail 1. to lose energy; 2. to signal 1. tool used to thresh grain; 2. to thresh (separate grain from chaff); 3. to wave arms about wildly
Indicte accused (of crime) d Loll laze around; hang out (when used of the tongue)
Malign slander Secure 1. to fix firmly; 2. to obtain (v) Talon long pointed nail or claw
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Group 6
Abeyan state of inactivity; disuse ce Disarm 1. take away weapons; 2. win over to ones side
[disarming (a)] Elaborat 1. complex and detailed (a); 2. to expand on (v) e Foment 1. stir up; 2. bathe with hot liquids (medical) Jockeyin maneuvering; struggling to get ahead of others g [jockey (v)] Minutia small details e Rue regret [rueful (a)]
Somatic concerned with the body Stinting holding back; limiting the supply (of supplies/money etc.) [stint (v)]
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Group 7
Allure Caulk 1. attraction (n); 2. to attract (v) treat with substance such as tar to make water-tight
Conscri 1. person enlisted compulsorily into the armed forces; 2. (v) to pt enlist compulsorily Desulto aimless; inconsistent in effort ry Elegy Fallow poem concerned with death; praise of a dead person uncultivated
Forbear tolerant [forbear (v); forbearance (n)] ing Hegemo political domination; complete authority ny Improbi lack of honesty or integrity ty Qualm hesitation or fear
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Group 8
Assay 1. try; 2. assess purity Chauvin someone excessively patriotic [chauvinism (n)] ist Discret separate; discontinuous (not to be confused with discreet e prudent; diplomatic] Enlist 1. sign up for the army; 2. obtain
Fabrica made up; false; manufactured [fabricate (v); fabrication(n)] ted Fulmina 1. attack loudly in words; denounce thunderously; 2. explode te noisily Hawser thick rope or cable Jibe Peer agree with; complement; match up with (in British usage jibe means mock) 1. an equal; 2. to stare at; 3. nobleman
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Group 9
Cloture closure; terminating a debate by voting Congruen matching [congruency (n)] t Dally waste time; flirt
Dissembl avoid the truth e Dote Errant Fervent be excessively fond of [doting (a)] 1. wandering; 2. wrong; 3. straying from accepted standards passionate
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Group 10
Arson Carrion deliberate, criminal starting of fires dead flesh; carcasses
Intelligib can be understood le Ironclad cannot be altered; firm Lint fluff; soft material used to cover wounds
Pretensi assumed attitude of superiority; on arrogance Pundit Pyre Sate expert ceremonial fire satisfy
Word list 15
Group 1
Abraded worn away; eroded [abrade (v); abrasion (n)]
Gerontocr government by the aged acy Maculate spotted d Quisling Sedulity Seine traitor thoroughness; perseverance [sedulous (a)] type of fishing net
Tender Waffle
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Group 2
Burlesq 1. comic play; 2. lampoon ue Exempl model type [exemplary (a)] ar Homilet art of preaching and giving ics sermons Impugn challenge; question someones honor etc.
Macerat soften or break up by soaking; e weaken Nostru remedy m Saw Sibyl 1. tool for cutting; 2. wise saying prophetess
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Group 3
Brook 1. small stream; 2. tolerate Emboss decorate with a raised design Eschew shun; avoid Limpid transparently clear Liturgy form of worship Nexus connection
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Group 4
Agog amazed; wide-eyed with enthusiasm Amortize pay off a debt in installments Curmudg grumpy person eon Dormanc state of inactivity y Efficacy Epithet effectiveness phrase used as a label or to express the essential nature of
Figurehe symbol of power; nominal leader ad Fracas Jamb Milk fight; disturbance door post to squeeze; obtain by application of pressure
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Group 5
Chorale simple hymns s Dissona discord; disagreement nce Frieze Gist Latent decorative border essence; main point hidden; real but undeveloped
Partialit bias y Ploddin walking slowly and heavily; g uninspired Rekindle relight; revive Sympho type of musical composition ny Tarnishe made dull; spoil (reputation) d
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Group 6
Compromi 1. damaged or put in doubt (esp. of reputation); 2. reached an agreement by sed giving up part of a claim Drabness dullness Endow give gift; provide with money etc.
Prohibitiv 1. prohibiting; 2. exorbitantly expensive e Purist Quack Taunt conservative; one who insists on correct forms of language etc. charlatan; fake mock; tease
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Group 7
Arresting attracting attention; striking (a) Barrage Chantey Ferrous extended gunfire to cover an attack; dam across river; deluge or information etc. type of song sung by sailors concerned with iron or its compounds
Manipulat scheming
Table (v) put down for future discussion Underwrit give guarantee, insure e
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Group 8
Dissident Enigmatic person who disagrees [dissidence (n)] puzzling [enigma (n)]
Foolhardy reckless [foolhardiness (n)] Homogenei evenness; uniformity ty Personifica 1. represent something as a person; 2. a concrete tion example of Plaque 1. surface deposit on teeth or in artery etc.; 2. decorative plate or sign
Plausibility believability [plausible (a)] Resilience resistance; ability to spring back [resilience (a)] Trilogy Vagary set of three (literary works etc.); tetralogy = set of four something unaccountable; freak
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Group 9
Aisle corridor; passageway (esp. between rows of seats)
Discounten disallow ance Imperative must be obeyed Indigent Nadir poor; needy [indigence (n)] lowest point
Paranoia Prudence
Resuscitati revival from unconsciousness [resuscitate (v)] on Shirk avoid (esp. work)
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Group 10
Balm Calibrate soothing ointment or anything soothing [balmy (a)] mark an accurate scale on a device
Cataclysmic violently disruptive [cataclysm (n)] Impropriety inappropriate behavior Pith Primordial center; soft part of stem; essence present from the beginning of time
Reconnaiss examination or survey conducted in advance ance [reconnoiter (v)] Sinistral Tempers left-handed (or counterclockwise) [dextral - right handed] moderates