Unit 3 Chemistry Lab Activity: Chemical Writing and Chemical Names The purpose of this activity is to combine different

ions and observe whether they come together to form a precipitate. You can then name the new compound formed and write the formula for this compound. Procedure: 1. Take the laminated chart (as shown below) and combine two drops of cation solution with two drops of anion solution in the appropriate grid square. 2. Observe the reaction (if any) and record your observation on the data table below. 3. Repeat the steps until you have combined all twelve possible reactions. Observations: a) Use as Y or N to indicate if a precipitate (cloudiness) formed. b) Fill in your observations of all precipitates formed (color and level of cloudiness eg. Slightly cloudy, or very cloudy) Ions Ag+ Cl1. Y Color: Clear Level of Cloudiness: Slightly cloudy 4. N Color: Light Pink Level of Cloudiness: Not Cloudy CO322. Y Color: Light Yellow Level of Cloudiness: Slightly Cloudy 5. Y Color: Light Pink Level of Cloudiness: Very Cloudy OH3. Y Color: Dark Brown Level of Cloudiness: Very Cloudy 6. Y Color: Light Blue Level of Cloudiness: Very Cloudy

Co2+

Fe3+

7. N Color: Light Yellow Level of Cloudiness: Not Cloudy

8. N Color: No Color Level of Cloudiness: Not Cloudy

9. N Color: No Color Level of Cloudiness: Not Cloudy

Cu2+

10. N Color: Light Blue

11. Y Color: Light Blue

12. Y Color: Light Blue

Level of Cloudiness: Not Cloudy

Level of Cloudiness: Very Cloudy

Level of Cloudiness: Slightly Cloudy

Names and formulas of all compounds formed 1. Silver Chloride, AgCl 2. Silver Carbonate, Ag2CO3 3. Silver Hydroxide, AgOH 4. Cobalt (II) Chloride, CoCl2 5. Cobalt (II) Carbonate, CoCO3 6. Cobalt (II) Hydroxide, Co(OH)2 7. Iron (III) Chloride, FeCl3 8. Iron (III) Carbonate, Fe2(CO3)3 9. Iron (III) Hydroxide, Fe(OH)3 10. Copper (II) Chloride, CuCl2 11. Copper (II) Carbonate, CuCO3 12. Copper (II) Hydroxide, CuOH2 Photo of spotplate:

Questions: 1. What is happening at the molecular level for a precipitate to form? (google this) A precipitate forms when two solutions with different ionic compounds that are individually soluble combine to form an insoluble compound. The precipitate is a solid. 2. Suggest a logical reason why the ions in one compound would separate from each other (eg. Dissolve in water), while they wouldn't be dissolved in another compound (as they come together in forming a precipitate.) eg. What forces could be at play here? This is because the ions that dissolve in the water can form a bond together, which allows them to be soluble. The ions that don't dissolve mean that they cant form anytime of bond together, and the reaction causes a precipitate in the water. 3. In making formulas of compounds, why would you use parentheses sometimes? You need to use parentheses because sometimes, for example in a polyatomic ion, the ion already has a number in subscript next to it, which tells us how many atoms it has. For instance, in NO3 it has Nitrogen and Oxygen atoms. However, when you put a number next to the NO3, for example: (NO3) 2. It tells us that we need two NO3 ions. This allows us to balance out a formula. 4. At what time do you use roman numerals? Is this used in naming, or making formulas of compounds? Roman numerals are used in naming, not making the formulas for compounds. The Roman numeral indicates the charge of the metal that it is beside. This allows us to them figure out the formula. 5. A) What letters do we use after a formula to indicate the state of the compound? To indicate the different states you use: (s) for solid, (l) for liquid, and (g) for gas. b) When a compound dissolves in water, how do indicate this with the formula of the compound? After the formula you would need to put (aq) next to it, which stand for aqueous. c) At the molecular level, describe the ionic compound when it is dissolved in water. When an ionic compound dissolves in water, this is because the water molecules have stronger attractions towards the ions than the ions have for each other. The water molecules pull the ions apart so that they bond with the water molecules instead, causing them to dissolve.

Brief reflection statement of what you learned in this activity. By completing this lab, I was able to develop my skills in naming different chemical compounds, and also was able to prove my understanding of the topic by answering the above questions. I was also able to look at the combination of different ions and observe the reaction that they created. I also learned some new things in naming for example, how to show the state of a compound or how to show whether it dissolves in water. Overall, I feel a lot more comfortable with the naming of chemicals after this lab.