Dayanu 1

Govino Abdiella Dayanu Kusumawti hutabarat Science 9 Fri, Sept 6 2013

Lab Report
Introduction

Objective: To find out what each colors from marker the ink consist of and the R values of each color.

Hypothesis: We believe that there is color that there are 1 or 2 colors that is made of another color. For example, the color black may consist of the color that made up the color purple and the color that made up green, which are red, yellow, and blue. For example, we use use chromatography to separate the color black and purple. When the color purple and color black separate first into blue, the color blue that is separated from black will be in the height as the blue separated from purple. In this case, we can say for example the color m has the composition of the color that made a. The color black will separated into the color blue, red, and yellow, the color purple will separate into the color blue and red, the color green will separate into the color yellow and blue, the color magenta will be separated, and the color brown will separate into yellow and orange.

Variables: Independent: The factor that we change is the color. In this experiment, we need to find out what each color are made and there should be 5 different variations. Instead of using 5 different materials, the factor that we change is the color but from the same material Dependent: The dependent variable, the one that we measure is the R values of each color. We can do this by measuring the distance from the base line to the centre of the spot and measure the distance of solvent front from the base line and then we divide it. Control: The factor that we keep constant are size of beakers, number popsicle sticks, the number of pen, filter paper, and the amount of water.

Dayanu 2

Design Method: 1. Prepare the materials needed 2. Cut filter paper into squares 3. Then cut the paper again into rectangles (how rectangles can be produced is according to how big is the filter) 4. Make 15 rectangles rectangles 5. Measure 1,5cm from the edge of the filter paper, mark with line 6. Mark each of the marker ink with 1 cm difference on the previous line mark 7. Stick filter paper to popsicle stick, put on top of beaker let it hang 8. Fill beaker with water, approximately 800 Ml until it touches the edge of the filter paper when hanged. 9. Watch the colored ink purify as it separates itself to different primary colors. Take it out when it has reached very close to the popsicle stick 10. Take notes/measure the cm from the base line to the color and the water solvent

from the base line to calculate R value 11. Repeat steps 3x until data is gathered

Material: Ingredients: Marker Ink: - Purple - Black - Green - Pink/Magenta - Orange

Tools: 1. Filter Paper (5 piece) 2. Popsicle Stick (3 Sticks) 3. Beaker (3 piece)

Dayanu 3

4. Ruler

Trial 1 InkSeparated ColorBlackRed, Yellow, BluePurpleBlue, PinkGreenBlue, YellowBrownYellow, OrangeMagentaNone

Separated Color (Original Color)Base Line to Solvent FrontBase line to ColorR ValuesMagenta (Magenta)6,8 Cm5 Cm5/6,8Yellow (Green)6,4 cm5 Cm5/6,4Blue (Green)6,8 cm5,5 cm5,5/6,8Yellow (Black)6,7 cm3 cm3/6,7Blue (Black)7 cm4,5 cm 4,5/7Red (Black)7 cm7 cm7/7= 1Orange (Brown)6,4 Cm4 cm4/6,4Yellow (Brown)6,2 cm4,5 cm 4,5/6,2Pink (Purple)6,5 Cm5 cm5/6,5Blue (Purple)6,9 Cm4,5 cm 4,5/6,9

Data Collection & Processing Collecting:

Trial 2 InkSeparated ColorBlackRed, Yellow, BluePurpleBlue, PinkGreenBlue, YellowBrownOrange, little amount of yellowMagentaNone
Dayanu 4

Separated Color (Original Color)Base Line to Solvent FrontBase line to ColorR ValuesBlue (Black)6,9 Cm4 Cm4/6,9Red (Black)6,3 cm3,5 Cm3,5/6,3Yellow (Black)6,4 cm1,6 cm1,6/6,4Blue (Green)6,8 Cm5 cm5/6,8Yellow (Green)6,7 cm5,4 cm 5,4/6,7Magenta (Magenta)7 cm6,8 cm6,8/7Blue (Purple)6,2 cm5,2 cm5,2/6,2Pink (Purple)6,5 Cm5,4 cm 5,4/6,5Orange (Brown)6,1 Cm2,3 cm2,3/6,1

Trial 3

Dayanu 5

InkSeparated ColorBlackRed, Yellow, BluePurpleBlue, PinkGreenBlue, YellowBrownOrange,little amount of yellowMagentaNone

Separated Color (Original Color)Base Line to Solvent FrontBase line to ColorR ValuesBlue (Purple)6,6 cm6,4 cm6,4/6,6Pink (Purple)6,8 cm6,5 cm6,5/6,8Orange (Brown)6,6 cm4,5 cm4,5/6,6 Magenta (Magenta) 6,9 cm5,3 cm5,3/6,9Red (Black)6,5 cm4,8 cm4,8/6,5Yellow (Black)6,7 cm2 cm2/6,7Blue (Black) 6,65 cm4 cm4/6,65Blue (Green)6,9 cm4,3 cm4,3/6,9Yellow (Green)7 cm4,6 cm4,6/7

Dayanu 6

Presentation: (Logical visual explanation Charts, table)

Trial 1

Dayanu 7

Dayanu 8

Trial 2

Dayanu 9

Trial 3

Dayanu 10

Dayanu 11

Dayanu 12

Explanation & Evaluation: In this experiment, we did 3 trials to execute an experiment of chromatography. Our objective is to find the color that makes up the color. From the first trial, second trial, and also third trial, all the color separated from the original color are the same except, in the first color, there is a color yellow separated from color brown. From this experiment, it prove that my hypothesis correct except the separation of color brown. In my hypothesis, it stated that the color brown will separated into yellow and orange, but in this experiment, there are 2 trials that proves that the color separated from brown is only orange. It proves that some part of my hypothesis is wrong. We also need to find the r values of each color. We find the r values of the color separated from the original color, so the original color can be separated into many color. It took a very long us to find it. To find the r values, we need to measure the distance of the base line to solvent front. We know that not all the filter can have the same exact measurement. Then we need to measure the distance of base line to the color. Then the result will be from the distance of base line to color over the distance of base line to solvent front. To represent the data collected from the experiment, I presented in table and graph. Evaluating both table and graph, table is more understandable. The table give an exact and accurate number of the r values and the measurement. The table is much easier to understand the data of the experiment. While the graph, it doesnt show the exact number of the measurement. Its just showing the line of where the color stop and where the water stop in the filter paper. There are factor that may effected the data of the experiment. There maybe reasons why the original color brown in the first can separate into orange and yellow. The factor that may cause this is the capillary action. In the first trial, the water goes up further than the second and third trial so that it could separate more color from the original one. Then another factor that may effect the data of the experiment is the size of beaker. The distance between filter paper are a bit too far, and when it entered the size of the bear, there is one or two filter paper goes sideways, so that it bumped each other. So when there is a water goes up to the filter paper, because it bumped to other filter paper, instead of going up the filter paper, it goes

Dayanu 13

sideways, going to another filter paper. It can effect the data because the with that we cant count the r values. The other factor that can effect the data is when for example one part of the filter paper had already touch the water, so that when put into the water again, the water that goes up is not balance. Another factor that can also effect the data is the time, how long does we put the filter paper into the water. If we put the filter paper too long, the color will become transparent and if it is too short, the color wont spread either. It will be hard for us to see the separated and to count the r values.

Conclusion&Evaluation

Conclusion: Based on our three times experiments, I can conclude that the color black can separated into the color yellow, blue, and red. It has been proven true for the three trials shows the same result. The color purple can separated into blue and pink. Just like the color black, all the three trials shares the same result. Then, the color green can be separated into yellow and blue. This result has been proven by three times experiment. The color can brown can be separated into orange and yellow. There are 2 trials that shows a little amount of yellow and orange. It seems that these 2 trials dont go well just like the first trial, because the first trial show that orange and yellow. Finally, the color magenta did not separate into anything. As the water goes up the filter paper, the color magenta stays the same. There no color separated from magenta. The factor that can effect this maybe the color magenta can be separated into something but its just that filter paper are not a bit longer or the type of pen used in this experiment. My group was also able to fulfill another part of our objective. We are able to find the r values of each color, each trial, although it take a very long time finish it. To find the r values of each color, we used method taken from a book. The r values of each color can be find in the table drawn in Data Collection & Processing. Those chart shows not just the r values of each color, but also the measurement of factor needed to find the r values. By giving that information, the reader would understand how to find the r values and knows that the r values are not made up. The r values are in fraction not in decimals because if we provide the information in decimals, it is not an exact result, so instead we put in fraction form.

Dayanu 14

Evaluation: We think that out method were effective to answer our objective for we are able to find r values of each color from each trial and also find out what each color made of, though we need improvements in our method. To divide the filter paper into several into rectangles and draw the color separately, each rectangle does not overlap each other, not one rectangle and put all the colors in one paper, it was good because with that, the color wont overlap each other if the water goes sideways. With that, we are able to measure the r values without any difficulties. If it overlap each other, it will be very hard for us to measure the distance. The size of the beaker was not big enough so that when we put the filter paper that is already stick to a holder (either pencil or popsicle stick), one or two filter paper would go sideways and a bit overlap to the other filter paper. To prevent this, we take out that filter paper that goes sideway and we use other unused beaker filled with water to put in that filter paper. The rest of filter paper is put into one beaker. Some of the color when the water goes up goes sideways. The factor that can cause is that, a part of that filter paper (In this case, the right edge of the filter paper) can already be wet so that when we put it again in the water, it is not balance so that the water goes sideways. The color is also a bit hard for us to see because its a bit transparent. It seems that we put the filter paper in the water too long that makes the color more transparent. We did not take the filter paper directly after the color separated. We let the filter paper in the water a bit too long. We think the we organize the data accurately because we organize it the table. We measured the factor of finding the r values. The size of filter paper are the same so it is accurate in finding the r values. Doing this experiment 3 times also makes the data of the experiment more accurate.

Extenuation: Instead of using 5 different colors for the experiment, we can use 5 different substances, or 5 different type of liquid. We could use water, alcohol, milk, and many more liquid. We could also time how long each liquid reach the solvent front. We could know which liquid is the fastest and which liquid is the slowest. We could count how long for a liquid to reach solvent front by using clock watch and ruler to measure the factor of finding r values.

Experiment Related

Dayanu 15

Objective: Find the fastest and the slowest liquid that can reach the solvent front. Divine which liquid that can separate the color uses in the experiment. Not all liquid can separate a color.

Equipment: 1. Filter paper 2. Color Ink 3. Type of liquid: Milk, alcohol, water, oil, honey 4. Stopwatch 5. Beaker

Method: 1. Cut filter paper into rectangles (5 rectangles each trial which means there will be 15 filter paper rectangles 2. Mark the filter with color ink 3. Fill 5 beakers with different types of liquid 4. Insert the 5 filter paper marked with 5 different inks to the liquid 5. Count how long each liquid reach solvent front 6. Divine which liquid can separate an ink 7. Repeat the steps 3 times