Betty Schrampfer Azar Stacy A.

Hagen

Teacher Resource Disc

Slide shows for use with PowerPoint presentation software

Laurette Poulos Simmons

Copyright 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

CONTENTS
13-1 13-2 13-3 13-4 13-5 13-6 13-7 13-8 13-9 Using should Using have + infinitive (have to/has to) Using must Polite questions: may I, could I, and can I Polite questions: could you and would you Imperative sentences Modal auxiliaries Summary chart: modal auxiliaries and similar Using lets

13-1 USING SHOULD

My hair is very long. I should cut it.

13-1 USING SHOULD

(a) My hair is very long. I should cut it. (b) Allen is hungry. He should eat lunch. (c) You are tired. You should go home. should = This is a good idea.
(advice)

13-1 USING SHOULD

(d)

I You She He It We They

should go.

should + simple form of verb

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13-1 USING SHOULD

(d) He should go. He should goes. ?

He should to go. ? should + simple form of verb

13-1 USING SHOULD

(e) You should not go out in the rain. You will get wet. (f) You shouldnt go out in the rain.
NEGATIVE: should not CONTRACTION: should + not = shouldnt

13-1 Lets Practice

wash them call your mother go to the library Your books are due.

try harder learn to drive stop smoking

You should ______________.

13-1 Lets Practice

wash them call your mother go to the library

try harder learn to drive stop smoking

Your clothes are dirty. You should ___________.

13-1 Lets Practice

wash them call your mother go to the library

try harder learn to drive stop smoking

Smoking is not healthy. You should _____________.

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13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

People need to drink water. People have to drink water.

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13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

(a) People need to drink water. (b) People have to drink water.

same meaning

(c) Lance needs to work.

(d) Lance has to work.

same meaning

have + infinitive = need

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13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

(e) I had to work yesterday.

PAST FORM: had

+ infinitive

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13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

(f) Does she have to work tonight? (g) What time do you have to work?

(h) Why did you have to work today?

QUESTION FORM:

do, does, did used with have to

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13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

(i) I dont have to work today. He doesnt have to go home. (j) The bus was early. We didnt have to wait.
NEGATIVE FORM:

dont, doesnt, didnt used with have to

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13-2 Lets Practice

What do you have to do next week?

(click and type)

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13-2 Lets Practice

What did you have to do for homework yesterday?

(click and type)

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13-3 USING MUST

People must sleep.

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13-3 USING MUST

People need sleep.

(a) People have to sleep. (b) People must sleep.

same meaning

must sleep = have to sleep

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13-3 USING MUST

(c) I
You She He It We They

They must studies. ?

must study.

They must to study. ?

must + simple form of a verb

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13-3 USING MUST

(d) You must not drink coffee if you want to fall asleep.

must not = no choice

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13-3 USING MUST

(e) You dont have to come to my party if you dont have time.

dont have to = you have a choice

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13-3 USING MUST

MUST
very important necessary no choice
(f) I must sleep tonight. I have a test tomorrow.

SHOULD
good idea not necessary choice
(g) I should sleep tonight, but I want to watch TV.

(h) He must get a passport. He is going abroad. (i) He should get a passport.
He may go abroad.
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13-3 USING MUST

MUST
very important necessary no choice

SHOULD
good idea not necessary choice

(j) You must take an umbrella. It is raining very hard. (k) You should take an umbrella. It might rain.

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13-3 Lets Practice

must +

take this medicine

study mathematics

go to the zoo

practice every day

go to medical school speak English

My doctor says I must ___________________. take this medicine

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13-3 Lets Practice

must +
go to the zoo take this medicine study mathematics

practice every day go to medical school wash your clothes

To become a doctor you _________ must go to medical school _____________.

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13-3 Lets Practice

should +
go to the zoo take this medicine study mathematics practice every day go to medical school

wash it

should wash it Your car is dirty. You _____________.

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13-4 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, AND CAN I

May I borrow your eraser?

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13-4 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, AND CAN I

(a) May I borrow your eraser? (b) Could I borrow your eraser? (c) Can I borrow your eraser?
same meaning
(asking nicely)

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13-4 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, AND CAN I

(d) May I borrow please your eraser? (e) Could I borrow please your eraser?

(f) Can I borrow please your eraser?

please

polite questions

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13-4 Lets Practice

May I borrow ___________ __________? your pencil

I need to borrow a pencil.

May I Can I Could I

Sure.

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13-4 Lets Practice

Can I borrow ___________ __________? some paper

I need to borrow some paper.

May I Can I Could I

Sure.

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13-4 Lets Practice

I need to use her dictionary. _____________ Could I use ____________? your dictionary

May I Can I Could I

Sure.

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13-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: COULD YOU AND WOULD YOU

Could you please come with us?

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13-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: COULD YOU AND WOULD YOU

(a) Could you (please) come with us? (b) Would you (please) come with us?

Could you (please)

Would you (please)

same meaning

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13-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: COULD YOU AND WOULD YOU

TYPICAL RESPONSES

(c) Yes, of course. (d) Certainly. (e) Id be glad to. (f) Id be happy to.

(g) Sure.
(h) No problem.

informal
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13-5 Lets Practice

Could you __________ __________ turn down _________? that music

I wish she would turn down that music.

Could you Would you Sure.

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13-5 Lets Practice

Would you __________ __________ turn down _________? that music

I wish she would turn down that music.

Could you Would you Yes, of course.

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13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

Please go outside and talk on your cell phone. Im working.

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13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

(a) Please be quiet. Im working. an imperative sentence

I want you to be quiet.

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13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

(b) Stand up. (c) Close the gate.

Imperative uses simple form of verb.

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13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

(d) Dont drive so fast.

(e) Dont go out tonight.

dont + simple form of verb

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13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

(f) ORDERS: Come here, Jan.

(g) DIRECTIONS: Add two cups of flour.

(h) ADVICE: Dont be upset.

(i) REQUESTS: Please give me the rake.

please

polite request
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13-6 Lets Practice

Imperative verbs
Jenna: Please go to the store. Scott: Okay, what do we need? Jenna: Buy some milk and bread.

Scott: Okay, but dont start the

movie without me.
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13-6 Lets Practice

Imperative verbs
Alex: Close the gate.
Tara: Dont worry, I will. Alex: Please do it now. Tara: Why? Alex: The horse is trying to get out.
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13-7 MODAL AUXILIARIES

Yazid can make bread.

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13-7 MODAL AUXILIARIES

(a) Yazid

can could may might must should will

make bread.

modal auxiliary = a helping verb

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13-7 MODAL AUXILIARIES

(b) Ben

is able to is going to has to

make bread.

similar to modal auxiliaries

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13-7 Lets Practice

to or X

He is not going __ to the dance.

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13-7 Lets Practice

to or X

X sing very well? Can she___

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13-7 Lets Practice

to or X

Ruth is able __ to help.

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13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

She can cook.

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13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

AUXILIARY

(a) can

MEANING ability polite question

EXAMPLE She can cook. Can you please make me dinner? I couldnt see it.

(b) could

past ability

polite question

Could you please show me?

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13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

AUXILIARY

(c) may

MEANING possibility polite question

EXAMPLE It may snow. May we see the menu? It might snow.

(d) might

possibility

(e) must

necessity

You must leave now.

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13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

AUXILIARY

MEANING

EXAMPLE You should read this book.

(f) should
(g) will

advisability (good idea) future happening

polite question

You will enjoy this book.

Would you please call me?
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(h) would

13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

AUXILIARY

MEANING

EXAMPLE Im not able to finish this work.

(i) be able to
(j) be going to

ability future happening

I am going to study more.

You have to work harder. I had to study so much!
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(k) have to/has necessity (l) had to past necessity

13-8 Lets Practice

Name something you will do today.

(click and type)

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13-8 Lets Practice

You need to borrow something from your teacher. Ask a polite question with may.

(click and type)

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13-9 USING LETS

What should we do this weekend? Lets go skiing!

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13-9 USING LETS

(a) Andy: What should we do this weekend? Beth: Lets go on a picnic. Andy: Great idea.

(b)

Claire: I love to swim. Sophie: Okay, lets go swimming.

Claire: Yes, lets go!

lets = let us (I think we should)

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13-9 Lets Practice

lets +
go to France take a rest go to the gym talk about this

do our homework

go out for dinner

Don: I dont feel like cooking. Beth: Lets go out for dinner.
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13-9 Lets Practice

lets +

go to France
take a rest

go to the gym talk about this

do our homework

go out for dinner

Edith: I have never been to Europe.

Roberto: Lets go to France.

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13-9 Lets Practice

lets +
take a rest
do our homework go to France go to the gym

talk about it
go out for dinner

Megumi: I dont understand the lesson. Nashir: Lets talk about it.
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PHOTO CREDITS

Images used under license from: Shutterstock, Inc. Clipart.com

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