TUTORIAL SELECTION LECTURE 1 Multiple choice: Q2 Suppose two quantities, A and B, have different dimensions.

Determine which of the following arithmetic operations could be physically meaningful. (a) A + B (b) B - A (c) A - B (d) A/B (e) AB Q3 Newtons second law of motion (Chapter 4) says that the mass of an object times its acceleration is equal to the net force on the object. Which of the following gives the correct units for force? (a) kg m/s2 (b) kg m2/s2 (c) kg/m2 s2 (d) kg m2/s (e) none of these. Q6 A house is advertised as having 1 420 square feet under roof. What is the area of this house in square metres? (a) 115 m2 (b) 132 m2 (c) 176 m2 (d) 222 m2 (e) none of these. Q9 Which of the following relationships is dimensionally consistent with an expression yielding a value for acceleration? Acceleration has the units of distance divided by time squared. In these equations, x is a distance, t is time, and v is velocity with units of distance divided by time. (a) v/t2 (b) v/x2 (c) v2/t (d) v2/x (e) none of these. Q10 The price of gasoline(petrol) at a particular station is 1.5 euros per litre. An American student can use 33 euros to buy gasoline. Knowing that 4 US quarts make a US gallon and that one litre is close to one US quart, she quickly reasons that she can buy how many US gallons of gasoline? (a) less than 1 US gallon (b) about 5 US gallons (c) about 8 US gallons (d) more than 10 US gallons Q11 At a horizontal distance of 45 m from a tree, the angle of elevation to the top of the tree is 26. How tall is the tree? (a) 22 m (b) 31 m (c) 45 m (d) 16 m (e) 11 m

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Problems: Q1 The period of a simple pendulum, defined as the time necessary for one complete oscillation, is measured in time units and is given by T

g

where is the length of the pendulum and g is the acceleration due to gravity, in units of length divided by time squared. Show that this equation is dimensionally consistent. Q2 (a)Suppose that the displacement of an object is related to time according to the expression x = Bt2. What are the dimensions of B? (b) A displacement is related to time as x = A sin (2ft), where A and f are constants. Find the dimensions of A. (Hint: A trigonometric function appearing in an equation must be dimensionless.) Q3 A shape that covers an area A and has a uniform height h has a volume V = Ah. (a) Show that V = Ah is dimensionally correct. (b) Show that the volumes of a cylinder and of a rectangular box can be written in the form V = Ah, identifying A in each case. (Note that A, sometimes called the footprint of the object, can have any shape and that the height can, in general, be replaced by the average thickness of the object.) Q4 Each of the following equations was given by a student during an examination: (a)

1 mv 2 2

1 mv 0 2 2

(b) v = v0 + at2 (c) ma = v2. Do a dimensional analysis of each equation and explain why the equation cant be correct.

mgh

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Q5 Newtons law of universal gravitation is represented by F

gravitational force, M and m are masses, and r is a length. Force has the SI units kg m/s2. What are the SI units of the proportionality constant G? Q19 A car is travelling at a speed of 38.0 m/s on an inter- state highway, where the speed limit is 75.0 mile/h. Is the driver exceeding the speed limit? Justify your answer.

Mm where F is the r2

Q20 A certain car has a fuel efficiency of 25.0 miles per gallon (mi/gal). Express this efficiency in kilometres per litre (km/L)
Q21 The diameter of a sphere is measured to be 5.36 in. Find (a) the radius of the sphere in centimetres, (b) the surface area of the sphere in square centimetres, and (c) the volume of the sphere in cubic centimetres. Q25 The amount of water in reservoirs is often measured in acre-ft. One acre-ft is a volume that covers an area of one acre to a depth of one foot. An acre is 43 560 ft2. Find the volume in SI units of a reservoir containing 25.0 acre-ft of water. Q35 A point is located in a polar coordinate system by the coordinates r = 2.5 m and = 35. Find the x- and y-coordinates of this point, assuming that the two coordinate systems have the same origin. Q38 Two points in a rectangular coordinate system have the coordinates (5.0, 3.0) and (-3.0, 4.0), where the units are centimetres. Determine the distance between these points. Q39 Two points are given in polar coordinates by (r1 1) = (2.00 m, 50.0) and (r2 2) = (5.00 m, -50.0), respectively. What is the distance between them?

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Q41

For the triangle shown, what are (a) the length of the unknown side, (b) the tangent of , and (c) the sine of ?

6m 9m

Q42 A ladder 9.00 m long leans against the side of a building. If the ladder is inclined at an angle of 75.0 to the horizontal, what is the horizontal distance from the bottom of the ladder to the building? Q43 A high fountain of water is located at the center of a circular pool. Not wishing to get his feet wet, a student walks around the pool and measures its circumference to be 15.0 m. Next, the student stands at the edge of the pool and uses a protractor to gauge the angle of elevation at the bottom of the fountain to be 55.0. How high is the fountain?

Q46

In a certain right triangle, the two sides that are perpendicular to each other are 5.00 m and 7.00 m long. What is the length of the third side of the triangle? Q47
In Problem 46, what is the tangent of the angle for which 5.00 m is the opposite side? Q55 The displacement of an object moving under uniform acceleration is some function of time and the acceleration. Suppose we write this displacement as s ka t where k is a dimensionless constant. Show by dimensional analysis that this expression is satisfied if m = 1 and n = 2. Can the analysis give the value of k?

m n

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Q59 Assume that there are 100 million passenger cars in the United States and that the average fuel consumption is 20 mile/USgal of gasoline. If the average distance travelled by each car is 10 000 mile/yr, how much gasoline would be saved per year if average fuel consumption could be increased to 25 mile/USgal?

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