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 BRUCE BAUGHMAN

Interview 11/17/03
- current Director Alabama's Emergency Management Agency
former FEMA Director Office of National Preparedness
f former FEMA Director of Operations and Response (on 9/11)
- former FEMA Director of Planning and Readiness Division

BACKGROUND

1. Please discuss your background in emergency preparedness. What are some of

your notable career highlights?

2. What are your responsibilities as Alabama's EMA Director? How are things
going with Alabama's Department of Homeland Security? (first state in nation to
create state DHS)

3. Do you stay in contact with Joe Allbaugh? (New Bridge Strategies, DC)

9/11 RESPONSE

4. Was an assessment done on FEMA's response to 9/11 (NYC and Pentagon)? If

yes, what office was responsible for conducting it? If no, why not - considering
that such an assessment WAS done after the 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing?
(FEMA EM 3115, DR-1048 Review of the Bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah
Building Apr 19, 1995 Oklahoma City, OK June 12-13, 1995 (Sep 1995). *Ted
Monette said the "AA system is broken, we now have a Remedial Action
Management Plan (RAMP)"

5. Discuss your personal experiences on 9/11. What were your personal priorities?
What interactions did you have with the White House? (verbal POTUS
emergency declarations?)

6. Discuss how FEMA HQ managed the overall response effort. Include the roles of
key players, the Emergency Support Team, and the National Interagency
Emergency Operations Center in D.C. Discuss the role of the back-up EST
located in Berryville, VA. When did the ESTs stand-down?

7. Discuss the 100% federal reimbursement. Has this ever been done? (President
amended declaration to authorize 100% on September 18th).

8. Discuss the FEMA response in NYC. Follow-up with Lessons Learned for each.
- Presidential disaster declaration process (NJ also)
US&R response
- Disaster Field Office (DFO) estb. 9/15 at Pier 90 (note Tarr Memo points)
- Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO)
 Planning, Operations, Logistics, Financial Lessons Learned
- Do you have any opinions of the FDNY/NYPD WTC response?

9. Discuss the FEMA response at the Pentagon. Follow-up with Lessons Learned
for each.
Presidential disaster declaration process
- US&R response
Disaster Field Office (DFO) (note Tarr Memo points)
Federal Coordinating Officer (FCO)
- Planning, Operations, Logistics, Financial Lessons Learned
- Do you have any opinions of the Pentagon response?

10. Discuss FEMA's interaction with the FBI. Specifically, FEMA liaisons
dispatched to FBI JOCs in NYC/VA and the FBI HQ SIOC. Discuss the MERS
deployed in NYC for the FBI. ** In our review of material provided by FEMA,
you seemed to consistently inquire/demand more information on the threats - so
that FEMA management could make informed decisions. Comments?

11. FEMA deployed 26 of 28 US&R teams via the National US&R Response System
(20 NYC, 5 Pentagon, 1 back-up). Discuss. Include opinions on states
establishing organic capabilities for US&R.

12. Discuss the role of Disaster Assistance Service Centers (DASC) (3 in NYC to
help coordinate volunteers and provide assistance to individuals). How to DASC
sync up with the Citizen Corps?

13. Discuss FEMA's Crisis Counseling Program "Project Liberty" (largest federally
funded crisis counseling program in history - $154.7M for NY, $4.5M for VA/P).
- April Naturale, Director (from Monclair, NJ - 18ys mental health couns.)

14. How did ONP respond to 9/11? What where your priorities upon assuming the
job of Director in January 2002.

15. Discuss foreign assistance in response to the attacks. Are there any noteworthy
"stand-outs"? (59 nations and the European Union offered humanitarian
assistance. Canada, Brazil, France, Mexico, Norway, and Sweden provided
assistance, primarily in the form of small rescue teams and technical emergency
management expertise).

16. Discuss, up to SECRET, the nation's COG and COOP actions. Are you familiar
with the FEMA contracted COG/COOP after-action assessments? Do you
recommend a full and comprehensive review of both COG/COOP?

17. What was the role of FEMA's National Emergency Response Team (NERT)?
("field response team" prepared to respond to other incidents)
 18. Do you have any knowledge about the dynamics involved with what to do with
the debris/steel from Ground Zero? (FEMA 03003852 NY Chronology doc states
that on 9/15 "FEMA and USAGE debris team provided assistance to the City of
New York on debris removal issues... The recovery of human remains and
criminal evidence within the debris is a concern."

19. FEMA established an Infrastructure Recovery Workgroup in New York to

coordinate the stabilization and ultimate reconstruction of infrastructure, and
restore economic viability to the affected area. Discuss, has this type of effort
been formally incorporated into FEMA's plans and procedures?

20. Where you involved in any way with the environmental monitoring and sampling
support provided to FEMA from the Environmental Protection Agency? Or were
their efforts conducted separate an apart from FEMA? Any opinions on this
subject?

21. What was the "FEMA State Agreement" signed with NY on 9/20?

22. What are some notable lessons FEMA learned from the 9/11 attacks that haven't
been addressed thus far in this interview? Please summarize what you consider to
be the most notable lessons learned.

OFFICE OF HOMELAND SECURITY and DHS

23. Discuss the creation of the Office of Homeland Security in October 2001. In your
opinion, what were the most important dynamics involved? What were the
office's strengths? Weaknesses? (no budget authority?) How did the ONP
interact with and support the OHS?

24. Discuss the dynamics behind the creation of DHS. Did you have any role in
advising on its creation?

25. After reading the March 2001 GAO Report "Combating Terrorism: FEMA
Continues to Make Progress in Coordinating Preparedness and Response" (GAO-
01-15) it appears that GAO gave FEMA passing marks in many of the areas that
DHS now is responsible for and doing - comments?

26. Discuss DHS. What are its strengths? Weaknesses? How do you perceive it
evolving in the near future (-next 5 years)? What challenges does it face?

27. Discuss OOP. How did ODP remain separate from FEMA under the new
Department? (Admin proposed folding it into ONP)

HISTORY OF FEMA (1980's to Present)

 28. Discuss the notable "events" in the evolution of FEMA, from roughly the early
1980's through September 11, 2001 to the present.

29. Discuss the creation of the Office of National Preparedness (ONP) on July 2,
2001 (ordered by POTUS to create it on May 8, 2001). (responsible for leadership
+ coordination of all federal WMD programs; planning, equipping, training S/L
first responders in terrorism response)

GENERAL QUESTION / "THE FUTURE"

30. What are the most important recommendations the National Commission can
make with regard to emergency preparedness and the first responder community?
What lessons from the 9/11 response lend themselves to recommendations that
would actually make a difference?

31. What recommendations could the NC make in the following areas?

Grants
Regulations and standards
Tax incentives (private sector)
- Regional Coordination and Mutual Aid Agreements

32. Discuss the Homeland Security Presidential Directive #5 (HSPD-5), the Federal
Response Plan (FRP), the new Initial National Response Plan (NRP), and the
National Incident Management System (NIMS). Do you deem it vital for the NC
to "tell" the evolution of a "national" vice "federal" approach?

33. Discuss the "all-hazards" approach to emergency preparedness. Specifically, the

State and Local Guide - 101 (created 1996). Our understanding is that
"Attachment G: Terrorism" was not created until 2001. Why did it take so long?

34. FEMA has been criticized in the past for being less than successful in measuring
the performance of federal preparedness programs. Has an objective and
measurable preparedness performance system (goals and standards) been created
since 9/11? Who has the lead in doing this? Where are the efforts today? How
could the NC assist (recommendations)?

35. Discuss the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) Task Force on Emergency
Responders. In your opinion, what are the most important budget issues facing
the first responder community?

36. Discuss the current state of the President's First Responder Initiative.
- $3.5B FY2003 Presidential request
- Terrorism response plans
Equipment
Training and Exercise Programs
37. Indemnification has been pointed out as a continuing issue. Discuss.