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Iris Gabriel Attribution of Corporation g. Rules of Attribution CARRASCOSO, JR. vs COURT OF APPEA S FACTS El !ora"o Plantation, In#.

. $as t%e registere" o$ner of a par#el of lan" in &in"oro. '( a "ee" of sale El !ora"o sol" t%e propert( to petitioner )Carras#oso* in #onsi"eration of +.,&. In its ter-s an" #on"ition t%e re-aining +..& balan#e s%all be pai" for t%ree (ears. On &ar#% /., +012, t%e .3(ear perio" for Carras#oso to full( pa( for t%e propert( passe" $it%out %aving been #o-plie" $it%. In t%e -ean ti-e, on Jul( ++, +012, P !T an" Carras#oso e4e#ute" an agree-ent to 'u( an" Sell. 5%ereb( Carras#oso agree" to sell +,666 %e#. Of t%e propert( to P !T for .&illion pesos. On t%e ot%er %an", on &ar#% +2, +011, El !ora"o finall( file" a #o-plaint for res#ission of t%e !ee" of sale t%at $as e4e#ute" b( El !ora"o an" Carras#oso an" #ause" a Notice of Lis Pendens to t%e title of t%e propert(. 'ut in April 7, +011, Carras#oso an" P !T e4e#ute" a !ee" of Absolute Sale pursuan#e to t%eir previousl( e4e#ute" 8Agree-ent to 'u( an" Sell9. An" in turn, P !T sol" t%e propert( to its subsi"iar( P !T Agri#ultural Corporation. T%e propert( $as eventuall( issue" in t%e na-e of P !TAC an" t%e &ar#% +2,+011 noti#e of is Pen"ns $as #arrie" over t%e title. P !T file" a -otion to intervene an" in t%eir ans$er, t%e( allege" t%at t%e( $ere not a$are of t%e noti#e of lispen"ens an" t%at auro eviste $%o is a sto#: -e-ber an" boar" of "ire#tor of El !ora"o an" t%us El !ora"o In#, :ne$ t%e sale b( Carras#oso an" P !T an" P !T;s a#tual possession of t%e propert( sin#e June .6,+012. T%e( averre" t%at El !ora"o %a" a#tual :no$le"ge of t%eir interest prior to t%e annotation of <oti#e of ispen"ens, t%ereb( ren"ers t%e sai" noti#e ineffe#tive = t%at $oul" -a:e t%e- pur#%aser in goo" fait% t%us to entitle t%e- t%e possession an" o$ners%ip of t%e propert(. ISSUE > 5?< El !ora"o In#. %a" a#tual :no$le"ge or noti#e of t%e Agree-ent to 'u( an" Sell b( Carras#oso an" P !T@ AE ! > <one P !T argues t%at even if t%e Agree-ent to 'u( an" Sell is not registere" to R!, El !ora"o;s prior a#tual :no$le"ge of Jul( ++, +012 agree-ent is eBuivalent to prior registration not affe#te" b( t%e is Pen"ens, as su#% #on#lu"es t%at t%e( are pur#%aser in goo" fait%. T%e( an#%ore" t%eir argu-ent on Carras#oso;s testi-on( t%at !r. Jose eviste toget%er $it% Trini"a" an" E4pe"ito eviste $%o are all "ire#tors of t%e boar" :no$ %is transa#tion $it% P !T. Unfortunatel(, t%ere is no evi"en#e t%at El !ora"o $as notifie" in t%is #ontra#t. In a""ition, t%e propert( is lo#ate" in &in"oro an" t%e El !ora"o $as base" in &anila,

Iris Gabriel not %aving been notifie" to t%e sale, El !ora"o #oul"n;t %ave :no$n t%at P !T is alrea"( in possession of t%e propert(. It is true t%at knowledge of facts acquired or possessed by an officer or agent of a corporation in the course of his employment, and in relation to matters within the scope of his authority, is notice to the corporation, whether he communicates such knowledge or not. In t%e #ase at bar, %o$ever, apart fro- Carras#oso;s #lai- t%at %e in fa#t notifie" several of t%e "ire#tors about %is intention to sell t%e +,666 %e#tare portion of t%e propert( to P !T, no evidence was presented to substantiate his claim. Such self-serving, uncorroborated assertion is indubitably inadequate to prove that El Dorado had notice of t%e Jul( ++, +012 Agree-ent to 'u( an" Sell before t%e annotation of t%e noti#e of lis pendens on %is title.

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