PAKISTAN

s LAR
ARCHITECTURE
(A selection of energy efficient house designs)

The National Energy Conservation Centre

 PREFACE

ENERCON, The National Energy Conservation Centre, Ministry of Water & Power,
Government of Pakistan is mandated to promote the efficient and rational use of energy
in Pakistan.
ENERCON has conducted a number of energy surveys, studies and demonstration
projects which have highlighted a very large energy saving potential in all sectors of
our economy, including the buildings sector.
It is estimated that approximately 35 % of total national consumption of electricity is
accounted for by the buildings sector. Domestic buildings and houses account for
about 85 % of this consumption.
It is a matter of common experience that a large majority of new houses being
constructed in Pakistan are not being designed in accordance with our climate. This
means that house owners and occupants consume extra energy to make them
comfortable for living. ENERCON estimates that improved building design can reduce
house energy bills by 20% and this figure can be raised to 50 % by the use of efficient
appliances.
To date ENERCON has initiated a number of activities to improve energy efficiency in
the buildings sector. A Building Energy Code and Compliance Handbook have been
prepared. Similarly, design guides have been prepared for health and education
buildings. This booklet is a continuation of ENERCON’s commitment to further the
cause of energy conservation in Pakistan.
During 1993-94 ENERCON organised a 4 week training course entitled “Pakistan Solar
Architecture”. I am pleased to note that a number of young architects participated in
this programme and produced designs of energy efficient houses for various climatic
zones of Pakistan. A selection of these designs is given in this booklet. ENERCON
has produced complete sets of working drawings and documents for each of these
designs and these are available to interested persons.
In the end, I wish to thank the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and
the United Nations Centre for Human Settlement (UNCHS) for funding this project. I
also wish to put on record the untiring efforts of Professor John A. Ballinger from the
University of New South Wales, Australia who conducted the training course.
It is hoped that this effort will stimulate building professionals to design and construct
houses which are climate-conscious and thus energy efficient.

Arif Alauddin
Managing Director Islamabad
ENERCON November 1994
 CONTENTS

Preface
Introduction 1

Energy Efficient House # 1 3

Energy Efficient House # 2 7

Energy Efficient House # 3 11

Energy Efficient House # 4 15

Energy Efficient House #5 18

Energy Efficient House #6 22

Order Form
 INTRODUCTION

A UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) funded project entitled “Energy

Conservation in the Public Sector” was initiated by ENERCON in June 1992. The
project consisted of a number of diverse activities; however, in view of the growing
proportion of energy usage in the domestic sector, one component of the project
focused on energy efficient design of houses.

The Energy Efficient House Design Project comprised the following:

. Preparation of a training guide.
. Conduct of a 4 week training course entitled “Pakistan Solar Architecture” for
young Pakistani architects.
. Development of prototype designs of energy efficient houses by participants of
the above course.
. Large-scale dissemination of the final designs to promote the idea of energy
efficiency in the housing sector.
During 1993-94, two 2-week training modules were held in Karachi and Lahore. The
course which included theoretical and practical work was successfully compIeted by
seven architects.

The end product of the project was seven designs of energy efficient residential
buildings for specific climatic regions within Pakistan. Before finalization, the draft
designs were circulated for comments to PCATP, IAP, NESPAK, PAK PWD,
National Construction Ltd. and the Engineer-in-Chief’s Branch, PAK Army.

This booklet contains plans and elevations of six of the final designs. Comnlete
working drawings and documents for the designs have also been prepared
prepa&d for building
professionals and the general public.

An order form has been provided at the end of the booklet for anyone interested in
purchasing the working drawings of these energy efficient house designs and other
related publications of ENERCON.

1
 ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #I.

ARCHITECT: RIAZ AHMAD

LOCATION: FAISALABAD.

DESCRIPTION: The main distinguishing feature of this

house design is the extensive covered and
screen verandahs that shield all the living
and sleeping areas of the house on the
eastern exposed sides and the roof. The
windows to the south are shaded by
generous overhangs. At roof level there is a
roofed and screened family play area that
provides excellent shading to the enclosed
spaces below. Water is used as both a visual
feature and a cooling technique at the front
of the house.

3
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 ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #2.

ARCHITECT: ARIF QAYYUM BUTT

LOCATION: LAHORE.

DESCRIPTION: This single storey design is intended to take

advantage of a site where regulations
permit the building against one boundary.
The house plan is designed to give excellent
internal privacy and separation of different
family functions. Because the building is
single storey, the roof design can be
designed with different levels giving added
interest to the visual aspects of the house
and enabling excellent opportunities for
cross ventilation of rooms through high
level vents over the lower roofed areas,
such as bath rooms etc. Each room can have
cross ventilation without having to leave
internal doors open, thus giving added
privacy. The roof is well insulated for
rejection of the hot summer sun and the
windows have carefully designed shading.
A skylight in the Living Room will enhance
the use of daylight in an otherwise well
sheltered room. The servant’s room located
over the front porch provides added height
to the building for improved visual effect as
well as improving security.

7
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 ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #3.

ARCHITEC: MOHAMMAD ARSHAD

LOCATION: LAHORE.

DESCRIPTION: This design makes use of a shared

boundary, thus opening up the site for
improved access to outdoor living and
features an interesting geometric form for
added visual appeal. The two storey
planning provides excellent separation of
family functions and secluded out door play
areas at roof level using covered terraces.
All rooms have north/south orientation to
facilitate good sun control. The two storey
form of the house assists with thorough
ventilation by chimney effect using the stair
case. The Patio/Light well between the
kitchen and dining areas provides an
interesting focus as well as allowing daylight
to penetrate to the centre of the house.
Roofs and exposed walls are well insulated
for summer protection.

11
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 ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #4.

ARCHITECT: MOEENA TARANNUM

LOCATION: KARACHI.

DESCRIPTION: This design for Karachi takes advantage of

natural cross ventilation available at the
site. It is a single storey design to allow for
future expansion to an upper level. The
planning provides for good separation of
the different family functions with the more
public Drawing Room near the entrance.
Outdoor areas for family privacy are well
located and screened from external view.
Although the walls do not require
insulation in climates such as that of
Karachi, the internal comfort levels will
benefit from good roof insulation. Window
orientation has been optimised to provide
shading from undesirable solar radiation.

15
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 ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #5.

ARCHITECT: NAEEM AHMED CHAUDHRY

LOCATION: MULTAN.

DESCRIPTION: The central feature of this design is the

sheltered planting areas and designed
ventilation shafts for cool night air or
ventilation with desert coolers at roof level.
The overall planning is intended to enhance
the “wind catcher” effect of the building,
with openings facing the prevailing night
breezes. The windows to the south are
shaded and screened with planting to
increase the possibility of evaporative
cooling of the hot outside air. On the south
side there is a pond with a fountain to add
to the evaporative cooling in a controlled
manner. The central stair case provides a
visual feature to the interior as well as
acting as a useful ventilation chimney. The
roofs and exposed walls are insulated to
exclude unwanted solar heat.

18
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GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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ENERGY EFFICIENT HOUSE #6. :
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ARCHITECT: SAMIA IMRAN 1:
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LOCATION: LAHORE.
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DESCRIPTION: This design is the result of careful analysis 1:
of the site conditions and attention to sun
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movement. Key living and sleeping areas
1:
are located on the northern side where they
are likely to be cooler in summer. The main
:
1:
focus of this design is the induction of
cooling air flow through the use of chimneys
:
and the careful attention to the design of
1:
shading for windows. The design :
incorporates hot air extraction for when
1:
nights are cooler and a Desert Cooler for :
the hot dry weather using common chimney 1:
shafts designed into the core of the house. :
The central stair well also contributes to 1:
excellent air flow. The house plan has been :
designed to provide privacy from within as 1:
well as access to out door living areas :
associated with particular rooms. Less 1:
critical rooms such as bathrooms and stores :
are located to shelter important spaces such 1:
as Living areas and Bedrooms from the hot :
western sun. Shading to windows is 1:
provided with perforated screens and :
generous overhangs. The building form and 1:
site arrangements encourage natural :
ventilation. 1:
The roof is well insulated with polystyrene :
board to minimise the effects of summer 1:
sun. :
1:
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 ORDER FORM

ENERCON has prepared complete working drawings and documents for each of the six
designs presented in this booklet. Besides these, some more publications on related topics
are also available for the benefit of architects, engineers, building professionals and house
owners. To order these simply tick the desired titles and mail this form to ENERCON
with your payment:

No. Unit Price with Ouantity Total

Courier Charges

1. Pakistan Solar Rs. 80

Architecture
(Set of 6 energy efficient
house designs)

2. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy EfIicient House # 1

3. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy Efficient House # 2

4. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy Efficient House # 3

5. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy Efficient House # 4

6. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy Efficient House # 5

7. Complete Working Rs. 1,000

Drawings/Documents for
Energy Efficient House # 6

8. Building Energy Code Rs. 75

of Pakistan

9. Code Compliance Rs. 95

Handbook

10. Energy Efficient Rs. 130

Building Design
Manual.

Grand Total Rs.

 f
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NAME: DESIGNATION

ADDRESS:

PHONE: FAX:
(Make all cheques/drafts in favour of “Er\TERCON”)

Mail to:
Building Energy Conservation Programme

ENERCON
ENERCON, Building, G-5/2, Islamabad

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National Energy Conservation Centre.
Ministry of Water & Power
Government’of Pakistan

ENERCON BUILDING, G-5/2,

ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN.