Name

Date Pd
Free ParticleModelWorksheet3a:
QuantitativeForceAnalysiswith Vector Components
1. Draw a free body dagram for a 40-kg box beng pued to the rght wth
a force of 25N. (4 forces)
a. If the box is moving with constant velocity, forces are balanced. Calculate the weight of
the box.
b. Write an equation for the forces in the horizontal direction. Use it to find the friction
force.
c. Write an equation for the forces in the vertical direction. Use it to find the normal force.
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' & U( )ree*article, ws'a
$. What if we had this situation instead. " +%!,g wagon being *ulled with force of &%-, at an
angle of '%!degrees to the horizontal.
Now we have an ob|ect beng pued at ange. The pu s both upward and to
the eft. Draw FBD of the wagon. (4 forces).
a. If we wanted to wrte an equaton for the forces n the horzonta drecton
(so we coud determne the frcton force), we are stuck! The apped force s
at an ange.
We know the apped force has a horzonta and vertca component. To
cacuate the horzonta and vertca components, we need TRIG.
Why can't we use Pythagorean Theorem to fnd the other sdes to ths
trange?
____________________________________________________________________
Turns out, there s a nfty way to determne sde engths when you ony know
one ange and one sde.
Use a ruer and protractor. Construct a trange wth a 30-degree ange and a
hypotenuse of exacty one nch.
Wrte the ength of the two other sdes (decmas, not fractons!).
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' $ U( )ree*article, ws'a
&%-
'%
o
Construct another trange wth ange of 30-deg and a hypotenuse of exacty
2 nches.
Measure and wrte the engths of the other two sdes (decmas, not
fractons).
Try t one more tme wth hypotenuse of exacty 3 nches. (wth 30-deg
ange)
Measure and wrte the engths of the other 2 sdes.
Let's compe a of ths nto a tabe:
Ange Hypotenu
se ength
Length
of sde
NEXT
to
ange
Length
of sde
ACROSS
from
ange
Cacuate ths
rato:
SideNEXTtoAngle
Hypotenuse

Cacuate ths rato:
SideOPPOSITEtheAngle
Hypotenuse
30 1
30 2
30 3
Three more tranges, ths tme wth an ange of 45 degrees. Use a separate
sheet of paper to construct three 45-deg tranges, wth hypotenuses of 1, 2,
and 3 nches exacty.
Ange Hypotenu
se ength
Length
of sde
NEXT
to
Length
of sde
ACROSS
from
Cacuate ths
rato:
Cacuate ths rato:
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' ' U( )ree*article, ws'a
ange ange SideNEXTtoAngle
Hypotenuse

SideOPPOSITEtheAngle
Hypotenuse
45 1
45 2
45 3
These ratos of sde engths hod true for any trange wth a 45-deg ange.
We coud do ths a day, determnng the ratos of sde engths for a
dfferent anges..
These ratos of sde engths are so usefu that mathematcans have gven
them a name: Sne and Cosne and Tangent.
That's a Sne s -- the rato of the ength of the sde across from the ange to
the ength of the hypotenuse.
Let's try to guess one..
Say you have a very sma ange (5 deg) and a hypotenuse of 1 nch. What's
your GUESS of the ength of the two other sdes??
How can we check WITHOUT constructng the trange and measurng t? On
the cacuator!
What f the hypotenuse was 3 nches? Sde ength AD|ACENT to ange =
__________ nches
Sde ength OPPOSITEE ange =
__________ nches
What If hypotenuse was 10 Newtons? Sde ength AD|ACENT to ange =
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' ( U( )ree*article, ws'a
& inch
.in/ 0
Cos/ 0
#an/ 0
__________ Newtons
Sde ength OPPOSITEE ange =
__________ Newtons
Back to our wagon fu of kds..
Cacuate the horzonta component of the 10-N apped force: (show your
work)
Cacuate the vertca component of the 10-N apped force:
Cacuate the weght of the wagon (the mass was 50 kg).
Wrte an equaton for the forces n the horzonta drecton. Use equaton to
fnd the frcton force.
Wrte an equaton for the forces n the vertca drecton. Use t to fnd the
norma force.
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' + U( )ree*article, ws'a
'%
o
&%-
)
-
)
1
)
f
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' 2 U( )ree*article, ws'a
2. Try ths one.
ower being *ushed at constant velocity. 3ush is downward and to the right with force of +%-,
at an angle of $4 degrees below the horizontal.
#he mass of the mower is 5+ ,g.
Create a )67 of the mower. 8( forces, one at an angle9
6rea, the force which is at an angle into its horizontal and vertical com*onents. Which direction
to the com*onent forces go in:
#he horizontal forces are in balance. ;ow do we ,now that: <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Write equation for the horizontal forces. Use the equation to find the friction force.
#he vertical forces are in balance. ;ow do we ,now that: <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Write equation for the vertical forces. Use the equation to find the normal force.
odeling Instruction !"#" $%&' 4 U( )ree*article, ws'a