Worldwide Statistics The top 10 causes of death

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs310/en/index.html
Fact sheet N310 Updated July 2013

The 10 leading causes of death in the world, 2000 and 2011

Ischaemic heart disease, stroke, lower respiratory infections, chronic obstructive lung disease, diarrhoea and HIV/AIDS have remained the top major killers during the past decade. Tuberculosis is no longer among the 10 leading causes of death, but is still among the top 15, killing one million people in 2011. Chronic diseases cause increasing numbers of deaths worldwide. Lung cancers (along with trachea and bronchus cancers) caused 1.5 million (2.7%) deaths in 2011, up from 1.2 million (2.2%) deaths in 2000. Similarly, diabetes caused 1.4 million (2.6%) deaths in 2011, up from 1.0 million (1.9%) deaths in 2000.

Local Statistics: CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Rank
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Country

Rate

Rank
65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90

Country

Rate
129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154

Country
COLOMBIA ANTIGUA/BAR. SRI LANKA ST. KITTS SINGAPORE BRAZIL UNITED STATES QATAR CHINA IRELAND COOK ISLANDS PARAGUAY CYPRUS GRENADA NEW ZEALAND MONGOLIA ALGERIA GERMANY SAO TOME COSTA RICA DOMINICA AUSTRIA SOUTH AFRICA SWEDEN URUGUAY ARGENTINA

Rate
85.8 85.7 84.5 82.5 82.4 81.2 80.5 80.1 79.7 79.2 79.1 77.6 77.4 76.7 76.5 75.7 75.2 75.0 74.2 74.0 72.8 72.7 71.0 71.0 70.9 70.6

TURKMENISTAN 405.1 UKRAINE KYRGYZSTAN BELARUS KAZAKHSTAN MOLDOVA AFGHANISTAN UZBEKISTAN RUSSIA GEORGIA ARMENIA YEMEN

SAINT VINCENT 132.5 CHAD

399.8 349.4 348.1 346.5 335.3 328.6 323.2 296.7 285.9 248.5 238.5

132.2

CENTRAL AFRICA 132.2 CAMEROON UGANDA EQU. GUINEA CAMBODIA ANGOLA

131.8 130.9 129.7 128.8 128.1

DOMINICAN REP 127.8 NAMIBIA CONGO REP OF CONGO TUNISIA POLAND PHILIPPINES NIGERIA BURUNDI BURKINA FASO GHANA BENIN MAURITIUS LESOTHO TANZANIA COMOROS LIBERIA SIERRA LEONE

127.7 127.6 125.9 124.3 122.4 121.6 121.6 121.0 120.3 120.1 119.3 118.4 118.3 117.6 115.1 113.8 113.7

MARSHALL ISL. 237.7 LITHUANIA AZERBAIJAN DJIBOUTI PAKISTAN BHUTAN LATVIA SOMALIA SLOVAKIA IRAQ TAJIKISTAN SUDAN BANGLADESH LIBYA

233.7 232.9 232.3 222.9 221.7 220.8 219.1 217.7 214.1 213.7 212.0 203.7 199.3

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56

IRAN LAOS NEW GUINEA NAURU OMAN SAUDI ARABIA EGYPT ESTONIA HUNGARY MOROCCO INDIA SYRIA MYANMAR LEBANON TUVALU JORDAN MALAWI TURKEY ROMANIA ALBANIA NEPAL HONDURAS BULGARIA GUYANA INDONESIA

194.5 194.3 186.0 184.1 181.9 180.6 174.0 173.3 169.0 168.0 165.8 165.3 164.7 164.4 163.2 162.5 157.9 157.1 155.0 154.1 152.6 152.4 151.4 151.4 150.8

91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120

NORTH KOREA SAMOA VIET NAM VANUATU CUBA JAMAICA MICRONESIA KUWAIT GAMBIA MALI MAURITANIA VENEZUELA TOGO RWANDA

113.2 113.1 112.5 111.4 111.3 110.7 110.3 109.6 108.5 108.5 108.2 107.3 107.2 106.9

155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184

UNITED KINGDOM BAHRAIN CAPE VERDE ICELAND CANADA BELIZE PANAMA AUSTRALIA GREECE SLOVENIA GUATEMALA BELGIUM NORWAY DENMARK HAITI BARBADOS BRUNEI LUXEMBOURG SAINT LUCIA SAN MARINO SWITZERLAND ITALY CHILE MALDIVES SEYCHELLES BAHAMAS ISRAEL ANDORRA PERU PORTUGAL

68.8 68.8 68.7 68.1 66.2 63.5 62.4 60.3 60.3 60.0 58.9 58.0 57.2 55.9 55.5 55.4 54.3 53.6 53.2 52.9 52.2 51.7 51.5 50.9 50.3 46.9 46.4 45.4 45.0 43.8

SERBIA/MONTEN 105.1 GABON TONGA KENYA PALAU MADAGASCAR NIUE NIGER ERITREA MACEDONIA SOLOMON ISL. SENEGAL MALTA

104.8 101.7 101.2 101.0 100.9 100.6 100.4 99.6 98.1 97.9 97.3 96.3

COTE D IVOIRE 148.8 TRINIDAD/TOB. 145.7 CZECH REPUBLIC 144.0 ZAMBIA FIJI

BOSNIA/HERZEG 96.1 NICARAGUA ARAB EMIRATES

141.3 140.2

95.3 94.5

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

MALAYSIA TIMOR-LESTE MOZAMBIQUE GUINEA SWAZILAND

138.7 137.8 137.7 136.9 136.7

121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128

FINLAND BOLIVIA BOTSWANA ZIMBABWE SURINAME EL SALVADOR MEXICO THAILAND

93.8 93.5 93.4 90.0 88.8 88.6 87.7 87.1

185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192

SPAIN ECUADOR NETHERLANDS MONACO SOUTH KOREA JAPAN FRANCE KIRIBATI

43.5 39.9 39.8 37.4 34.7 31.2 29.2 11.8

GUINEA-BISSAU 136.5 CROATIA ETHIOPIA

133.6 133.1

Data Source: WHO 2011 OUR DATA: We use the most recent data from these primary sources: WHO, World Bank, UNESCO, CIA and individual country databases for global health and causes of death. We use the CDC, NIH and individual state and county databases for verification and supplementation for USA data.

PHILIPPINES TOTAL DEATHS BY CAUSE

Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Causes Coronary Heart Disease Influenza & Pneumonia Stroke Tuberculosis Hypertension Diabetes Mellitus Violence Lung Disease Kidney Disease Asthma Lung Cancers Road Traffic Accidents Peptic Ulcer Disease Liver Disease Diarrhoeal diseases Liver Cancer Congenital Anomalies Other Injuries

Deaths 57,864 46,900 40,245 35,867 35,001 18,512 17,152 13,473 12,960 10,471 8,518 8,175 7,423 7,232 6,628 6,358 6,122 5,611

% 13.73 11.13 9.55 8.51 8.30 4.39 4.07 3.20 3.07 2.48 2.02 1.94 1.76 1.72 1.57 1.51 1.45 1.33

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Endocrine Disorders Breast Cancer Drownings Dengue Malnutrition War Rheumatic Heart Disease Colon-Rectum Cancers Low Birth Weight Oral Cancer Meningitis Other Neoplasms Birth Trauma Leukemia Anaemia Stomach Cancer Falls Measles Maternal Conditions Suicide Cervical Cancer Skin Disease Inflammatory/Heart Prostate Cancer Epilepsy Lymphomas Pancreas Cancer Tetanus Ovary Cancer Hepatitis B Fires Uterin Cancer

4,843 4,085 3,793 3,406 3,174 2,933 2,855 2,839 2,720 2,643 2,584 2,531 2,492 2,486 2,259 2,111 2,109 2,095 2,094 2,054 1,856 1,620 1,406 1,290 1,250 1,127 1,061 956 949 883 766 745

1.15 0.97 0.90 0.81 0.75 0.70 0.68 0.67 0.65 0.63 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.59 0.54 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.49 0.44 0.38 0.33 0.31 0.30 0.27 0.25 0.23 0.23 0.21 0.18 0.18

Diagnostic test http://www.georgiahealth.edu/itss/edtoolbox/7390/mycarddiagnostic/engage.html current trends http://www.hindawi.com/journals/sci/2013/658480/ http://www.cochrane.org/features/stem-cell-treatment-acute-myocardial-infarction

Diagnostic Test for Myocardial Infarction

Diagnostic Criteria The 3 major diagnostic criteria that are used are: - The patients history (includes risk factors, signs and symptoms, & etc) - ECG changes - Changes in cardiac enzymes 1. ECG changes Electrocardiogram: ECG changes may occur immediately or they may be delayed. In ischemia, they may be transient ST depression. In ischemia there maybe transient ST depression and T wave inversion. In acute myocardial infarction, there is ST-segment elevation, T wave inversion & the development of Q wave. Because these changes occur over time, serial ECGs needs to be done to thoroughly assess for myocardial changes.

FIRST: The elevated ST segment is indicative of injury. This ECG change transient. SECOND: The flipped or inverted T wave is indicative of ischemia. This ECG change transient. THIRD: The development of a Q wave occurs last. It is an indicative of infarction. This ECG change is permanent.

2. Cardiac Enzymes Certain heart enzymes slowly leak out into your blood if your heart has been damaged by a heart attack. Emergency room doctors will take samples of your blood to test for the presence of these enzymes.

3. Additional Tests Exercise stress testing: allows monitoring of ECG changes in a controlled envronment in which the heart is stressed. Radioisotope imaging with thallium: can be used alone or in conjunction with exercise stress test. A cold spot indicates myocardial infarction or ischemia. Coronary angiography: used to visualize the coronary arteries to determine the presence, location, & degree of blockage in CA.

Tests and diagnosis

By Mayo Clinic staff Ideally, your doctor should screen you during regular physical exams for risk factors that can lead to a heart attack. If you're having a heart attack or suspect you're having one, your diagnosis will likely happen in an emergency setting. You'll be asked to describe your symptoms and will have your blood pressure, pulse and temperature checked. You'll be hooked up to a heart monitor and will almost immediately start to have tests done to see if you are indeed having a heart attack. The medical staff will listen to your heart and lung sounds with a stethoscope. You'll be asked about your health history and the history of heart disease in your family. Tests will help check if your signs and symptoms, such as chest pain, signal a heart attack or another condition. These tests include:

Electrocardiogram (ECG). This is the first test done to diagnose a heart attack. It's often done while you are being asked questions about your symptoms and often by the first responders from emergency medical services. This test records the electrical activity of your heart via electrodes attached to your skin. Impulses are recorded as waves displayed on a monitor or printed on paper. Because injured heart muscle doesn't conduct electrical impulses normally, the ECG may show that a heart attack has occurred or is in progress.

Blood tests. Certain heart enzymes slowly leak out into your blood if your heart has been damaged by a heart attack. Emergency room doctors will take samples of your blood to test for the presence of these enzymes. Additional tests If you've had a heart attack or one is occurring, doctors will take immediate steps to treat your condition. You may also undergo these additional tests:

Chest X-ray. An X-ray image of your chest allows your doctor to check the size of your heart and its blood vessels and to look for any fluid in your lungs.

Echocardiogram. This test uses sound waves to produce an image of your heart. During an echocardiogram, sound waves are directed at your heart from a transducer, a wand-like device, held on your chest. The sound waves bounce off your heart and are reflected back through your

chest wall and processed electronically to provide video images of your heart. An echocardiogram can help identify whether an area of your heart has been damaged by a heart attack and isn't pumping normally or at peak capacity.

Coronary catheterization (angiogram). This test can show if your coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked. A liquid dye is injected into the arteries of your heart through a long, thin tube (catheter) that's fed through an artery, usually in your leg or groin, to the arteries in your heart. As the dye fills your arteries, the arteries become visible on X-ray, revealing areas of blockage. Additionally, while the catheter is in position, your doctor may treat the blockage by performing an angioplasty, also known as coronary artery balloon dilation, balloon angioplasty and percutaneous coronary intervention. Angioplasty uses tiny balloons threaded through a blood vessel and into a coronary artery to widen the blocked area. In most cases, a mesh tube (stent) is also placed inside the artery to hold it open more widely and prevent re-narrowing in the future.

Exercise stress test. In the days or weeks after your heart attack, you may also undergo a stress test. Stress tests measure how your heart and blood vessels respond to exertion. You may walk on a treadmill or pedal a stationary bike while attached to an ECG machine. Or you may receive a drug intravenously that stimulates your heart similar to exercise. Stress tests help doctors decide the best long-term treatment for you. Your doctor also may order a nuclear stress test, which is similar to an exercise stress test, but uses an injected dye and special imaging techniques to produce detailed images of your heart while you're exercising.

Cardiac computerized tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These tests can be used to diagnose heart problems, including the extent of damage from heart attacks. In a cardiac CT scan, you lie on a table inside a doughnut-shaped machine. An X-ray tube inside the machine rotates around your body and collects images of your heart and chest. In a cardiac MRI, you lie on a table inside a long tube-like machine that produces a magnetic field. The magnetic field aligns atomic particles in some of your cells. When radio waves are broadcast toward these aligned particles, they produce signals that vary according to the type of tissue they are. The signals create images of your heart.