CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION
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2 FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS
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3 OBJECTIVES (SMC) 3

4 PRESENT STATUS 4

5 DOOR TO DOOR COLLECTION OF GARBAGE 5

6 BIO MEDICAL WASTE

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7 KEY ASPECTS
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8 STATISTICS 8

9 FINDINGS
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 1. INTRODUCTION

Solid Waste management is the process in which collection, transport,

processing, recycling or disposal, and monitoring of waste materials is done. The
term usually relates to materials produced by human activity, and is generally
undertaken to reduce their effect on health, the environment or aesthetics. Solid
waste management is also carried out to recover resources from it.

Solid waste management practices differ for developed and developing nations,
for urban and rural areas, and for residential and industrial producers. Management
for non-hazardous residential and institutional waste in metropolitan areas is
usually the responsibility of local government authorities, while management for
non-hazardous commercial and industrial waste is usually the responsibility of the
generator.

2. FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS

The functional elements of Municipal Solid waste are as follows:

1) Waste generation: It encompasses activities in which materials are identified as
no longer being of value and are either thrown away or gathered together for
disposal.

2) Waste handling and separation, storage and processing at the source:

Waste handling and separation involves the activities associated with management
of waste until they are placed in storage container for collection. Handling also
encompasses the movement of loaded containers to the point of collection.
Separation of waste components is an important step in the handling and storage of

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solid waste at the source.

3) Collection: The functional element of collection includes not only the gathering
of solid waste and recyclable materials, but also the transport of these materials,
after collection, to the location where the collection vehicle is emptied. This
location may be materials processing facility, a transfer station or a landfill
disposal site.

4) Separation and processing of solid wastes:

The types of means and facilities that are now used for the recovery of waste
materials that have been separated at the source include curbside collection, drop
off and buy back centers. The separation and processing of wastes that have been
separated at the source and the separation of commingled wastes usually occur at a
materials recovery facility, transfer stations, combustion facilities and disposal
sites.

5) Transfer and transport: This element involves two steps:

i) the transfer of wastes from the smaller collection vehicle to the larger transport
equipment.
ii) the subsequent transport of the wastes, usually over long distances, to a
processing or disposal site.

6) Disposal: Today the disposal of wastes by landfilling or landspreading is the

ultimate fate of all solid wastes, whether they are residential wastes collected and
transported directly to a landfill site, residual materials from materials recovery
facilities (MRFs), residue from the combustion of solid waste, compost or other
substances from various solid waste processing facilities. A modern sanitary land is
not a dump; it is an engineered facility used for disposing of solid wastes on land
without creating nuisances or hazards to public health or safety, such as the
breeding of rats and insects and the contamination of ground water.

3. OBJECTIVES FOR AN INNOVATIVE & MODERN SOLID WASTE

MANAGEMENT (SMC)

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 • To devise a system of storage of waste and segregation of recyclable waste
at source.
• To improve system of primary collection of waste.
• To devise more efficient system of day to day cleaning, conventional and
mechanical.
• To devise system to eliminate practices of throwing garbage on the road
causing nuisance & health threat.
• To modernize the system of community waste storage & synchronize the
system of primary collection as well as transportation of waste.
• To eliminate manual handling of waste and open transportation vehicles.
• To improve the system of transportation of waste by ensuring "handling
waste only once".
• To reduce quantity of waste going to landfill site by adopting suitable
technology.
• To further develop landfill site at Khajod.
• To derive income from the processing of waste and help agricultural
production.
• To ensure safe disposal of waste including bio-medical wastes.
• To do institutional strengthening.
• To have public participation.
• To effect cost recovery.

4. PRESENT STATUS

• Quantity of M.S.W. generation : 1150 M.T. (Yearly average)

• System of collection and transportation:

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a) Primary collection & its transportation:-

- Sweeping during day time.

- Container lifting.
- Door to Door collection system.
- Night scraping & brushing activity.

b) Secondary transportation:-
Municipal Solid Waste collected
through primary collection system
reaches to the transfer station of the
respective zone from where it is
being sent to the Khajod Disposal site
through secondary transport vehicles
covered by tarpaulin.

• List of the transfer station

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 Name of Transfer
station
Zone

Bhatar
South west

Katargam
North & Central (Part)

Varachha
East & Central (Part)

Anjana
South east & Central
(Part)

Pal
West

Bhestan
South

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 • Disposal Site: MSW transferred from the transfer stations reaches to the
final disposal site at Khajod where MSW is dumped and leveled by heavy
machineries. Daily cover of soil is also laid on the leveled MSW.

5. DOOR TO DOOR COLLECTION OF GARBAGE

To honor the guidelines provided by Hon'ble Supreme Court & to comply

the MSW Rule 2000, door to door garbage collection system is made operative in
seven zones covering almost whole area of the old city. After extention of city area
8 Nagarpalikas and 27 villages are merged in to the city last year. Door to door
collection system with closed body vehicles is operative in 8 Nagarpalikas area
where as this system for 27 villages is operative through tractors. Total 11 Lacs
unit are covered under this system.

6. TREATMENT AND FINAL DISPOSAL OF BIO MEDICAL WASTE

The centralized Bio Medical Waste treatment facility with required capacity
of Incinerator, Autoclave and Shredder established in line with norms prescribed
by Bio Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules-1998 is in operation at
Bhatar from 01/01/2003.

7. KEY ASPECTS INSTRUMENTAL IN ACHIEVING THE OBJECTIVES

1. Field Work
2. Daily Meeting
3. Complaint Redressal system
4. Slum Upgradation project
5. Slum Rehabilitation project

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 6. Litter Prevention system

1. Field Work:

• 7.30 AM to 12.30 PM Daily. All Zonal chief, zonal officers, Dy. MOH, Dy.
Engr. and other staff daily working in the field.
• Supervision of sweeping and cleaning by all.
• Detection of problems during supervision-proactive.
• Immediate message to concerned officer of zone by wireless/mobile.
• Compliance of message received by concerned officer.
• Supervision of "Micro Planning" for sanitation, collection, transportation
and final disposal of solid waste regularly.
• Cleanliness around the container, dust-bin and nuisance spots.
• Group safai in the afternoon.
• Public health engineering work by Engineering Staff.
• Regular checking of hotels, restaurants, lari, galla and food items for
sanitation and hygiene point of view.

2. Daily Meeting:

• Daily Meeting including holidays.

• All zonal chiefs and divisional heads participate in the meeting.
• Free & fair discussion and group decision making.
• Discussion and review of daily report of field work.
• Steps to solve the problem.
• Cost-benefit analysis to achieve efficient systems.
• Sharing of experiences.

3. Complaint Redressal System:

• All complainants receive a white card or red card which entitles them to an
answer detailing action taken or to be taken.
• White card answered within 24 - 48 hours and it deals with 14 categories of
sanitation and public health related complaints.

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 • Red cards answered within 3 - 7 days and it deals with 13 PHE related
complaints.
• 96% of complaints attended to, within specified time limit.

4. Slum Upgradation Project:

• Providing all the basic amenities to the slum dwellers at their existing place
of residence and hence upgrading the slum.
• Paved road surfaces, Drainage, Water Supply, Street Light, etc. are ensured
in all the slums.
• Loan for the project for 42 slum pockets is taken from HUDCO, rest are
upgraded by SMC's own funding
• 42 locations are declared "SLUMS" by SMC [General Board] by a
resolution.

5. Slum Rehabilitation Project:

• Slum dwellers are given better habitats at other places, which are usually
RCC : G+2 dwelling.
• Each dwelling unit of 25 sq.mt. with one room, kitchen, W.C. and bathroom.

6. Litter Prevention System:

• Litter patrol.
• Spot administrative charges for littering.
• All shops must maintain dustbins, ensure cleanliness of surrounding street
areas.
• Restaurants and hotels to maintain separate bins, contents to be packed and
disposed in designated disposal sites.
• Education drive to persuade housewives to pack garbage, dispose at
designated bins.
• "Jan-Jagriti Safai Abhiyaan" [group cleanliness drive].

8. STATISTICS

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1. Door to Door collection system:

Average MSW
Sr. No. of Vehicles
Period Total Trips collection in MT
No. Utilized
/ Day
1. OCT 2008 219 569 615.124
2. NOV 2008 228 528 522.260
3. DEC 2008 238 570 588.104
4. JAN 2009 241 571 592.389

2. Container lifting

Average MSW
Sr. No. of Vehicles
Period Total Trips collection in MT
No. Utilized
/ Day
1. OCT 2008 111 526 543.925
2. NOV 2008 106 479 396.472
3. DEC 2008 104 474 442.665
4. JAN 2009 99 463 421.414

3. Night Scrapping Brushing activity:

Sr.
Period Total Route
No.
1. OCT 2008 281
2. NOV 2008 281
3. DEC 2008 281
4. JAN 2009 281

4. Secondary transportation:

Average MSW
Sr. No. of Vehicles
Period Total Trips collection in MT
No. Utilized
/ Day
1. OCT 2008 44 128 1159.049
2. NOV 2008 39 103 918.732
3. DEC 2008 38 109 1030.769

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 4. JAN 2009 38 106 1013.803

9. FINDINGS

From this report, it can be said that solid waste management is important for
the local bodies so as to avoid the rise of epidemics in the region.

Different programs should be initiated for awareness of cleanliness for

general public.

While transportation of the solid waste, proper precautions should be taken.

From the above statistics of SMC, it could be seen that slowly and steadily
the trips and vehicles involved in door to door scheme are increasing, which means
that other regions are being covered, simultaneously the trips made by container
lifting vehicles is decreasing and it could also be seen that trips and average
collection at secondary transport is also reducing.

REFERENCES:

1) Anandan, P. & Kumaravelan, R. (2007), “Environmental Science &

Engineering”, SciTech Publications Pvt. Ltd., Chennai.
2) www.suratmunicipal.gov.in
3) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_management

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