Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

Math Project Fall 2013 Being a patient in a hospital ,one may need to have medication given ,by mouth or intravenously through an IV .When one is to have medication given orally normally a pharmacist will have medication given in right dose. But the person administering it should always check to see if it is safe before giving it to a patient. Medication given intravenously through an IV or its own little bag may need to be mixed with smaller solutions to get the right volume mixer of drug strength needed. It may also have to be determined the flow rate that a patient receives, the fluid intake through a tubing of IV in drops (ugtt) in minutes or hours. Just because it was mixed solution, maybe water and per drug solution, or just per drug solution of different percent strengths does not mean you dont have too check it. It needs to be checked to see if it safe. You should always before administering an IV drug check it. For example suppose that 37.5% and 8.5% solutions are available and your goal is to make 1500mL of 12.5 % solution. There is a patient and the doctor has prescribed 1500ml of 12.5%solution.Suppose the pharmacy has 37.5% and 8.5% solutions available. The pharmacy goal is to make 1500ml of a 12.5% solution. How can all this are figured out. First the pharmacist must interpret the percent strength of 37.5 %.What does this mean? Percent strength of a drug in a solution is a ratio between the amount of pure drug (or main ingredients and the volume of solution. There is 37.5 grams of pure drug in a 100mililiters of solution. We put the amount of pure drug in the numerator and the volume of solution in the denomtar as strength equals Amount of Pure Drug divided by the Volume of Solution. In short 37.5 g of per/ 100mL. Second interpret the percent strength 8.5%. What does this mean? There is 8.5 grams of pure drug in a bag of 100mL
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Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

solution. In short 8.5g per 100mL.Third need to interpret the percent strength 12.5%. What does this mean? There is 12.5 grams of per 100mL. Next we need to mix the 37.5% and 85% solution to get 1500mL of a 12.5% solution. Round to the nearest tenth, to do this we most us Shanes Formula which is .But

what does this formula mean? F is the first solutions of volume. V is the volume of the resultant solution. N is the needed strength of drug. S is the smaller strength available. B is the big strength available. Then we need to get 1500mL of 12.5% solution. (Our assumption is that the desired 12.5%solution is not available; otherwise, there is no need to mix the solutions!) The numerical value of each variable is shown below. V=1500mL, volume of resultant solution. N=12.5% Need Strength=37.5% Big Strength available, S = 8.5% Small Strength available. We check that S < N < B, that is 8.5% < 12.5% < 37.5% is true. Now we plug these values in place of the variables they stand for . ( ) .Now you want to

subtract (12.5% - 8.5%) and get 4%, take (37.5% -8.5%) and you get 29%. Divide 4 by 29 and you get 0.1379310345. Take 0.1379310345 X 1500 mL and you get 206.8965517. Now round 206.8965517 to the nearest tenth. How do you do that? Nearest tenth is the second place after the decimal point. Follow the rules for rounding. If the number is 5 or higher round up one .If the number is below 5 then just the same. Wether you change the number up or down you drop the rest of numbers after two decimal places . This gives you 206.89 mL. After rounding you get 206.9 mL. Now that we now how may mL are in 37.5% solution . Know we can mix the37.5% and 8.5% solutions of per drug to get 1,500mL of solution. Describing how to mix the drug of 37.5% solution and 8.5% solution to get 1,500 mL of a 12.5% solution. We mix together a solution by putting 206.9 mL of strong solution (of strength 37.5%) in a container, we then add
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Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

1,293.1 mL of the weaker solution (of strength8.5%) in same container until the total volume reaches the desired (mark) volume 1500mL. Mix well after mixing the two solutions in container well, the resultant solution has volume 1,500mL and strength of 12.5% . How many mL of the 37.5% solution do you use? Rounding to the nearest tenth. There are 206.89mL, but rounded equals 206.9mL.So you use 206.9mL. How many grams of pure drug are there in the above volume? Round to the nearest tenth. So we set the problem up like solution). Cross out ML in top and bottom .Divide answer by 100. (put g stands for grams of drug from 37.5% . Multiply across

) .It gives you 77.5875 . This needs to be rounded to the

nearest tenth which is two decimal places 77.58/75. So because 7 is larger than 5, round the number 8 to 9 .That gives you 77.59. Dont forget the small g for grams .Now we have 77.59g of per drug in 206.9mL. How many mL of the 8.5% solution do you use? Round to the nearest tenth .We need total of 1,500mL and already have 206.89mL of 37.5% solution .Getting the mL need of 8.5% one should subtract 1500mL from 206.9mL.Then final product is 1293.1 mL. No rounding needed because there was not a tenth place . How many grams of pure drugs are there in the above volume? Round to the nearest tenth. Given 1293.1 mL we set problem up by putting mL opposite side of fraction bar. Then you cross out mL ,getting 10991.35g . Then we

Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

divide

equals 109.9135g.Round to nearest tenth by two decimal place 109.9135g .The

number is lower than 5 so we get 109.9g as answer. Finding the sum of the number, of grams of pure drug from the 37.5% and 8.5% solutions found in the above problems. Use Round answers to get 187.5g.

Compute directly the number of grams of pure drug that are there in 1500mL of the 12.5% solution. . Divide and 8.5% solutions. . Cross out mL . Multiply

.Give you 187.5g.So there are 187.5 grams of pure drug in 37.5%

Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

Medical Math Is More Important Than a Passing Grade Medical math is more important than a passing grade, because every patients life is in your hands with administering drugs. Wether it is orally, or intravenously. With the skills taught in Math1020, it very good foundation to build from ;because you must always be safe with drugs, and a hundred percent correct at all time for safety of the patient you are treating. A strong working understanding of fractions and decimals is essential for nurses. They must be familiar enough with fractions and decimals to quickly and accurately divide, multiply, add and subtract dosages as well as convert fractions to decimals and vice versa. Conceptual understating of fractions and decimals is essential since half doses, extra doses and time-delayed dosages must be calculated correctly. Nurses also need to know how to convert fractions and decimals to percentages in order to explain medication instructions accurately and easily to their patients. Regularly, doctors write prescriptions to their patients for various ailments. Prescriptions indicate a specific medication and dosage amount. Most medications have guidelines for dosage amounts in milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg). Doctors need to figure out how many milligrams of medication each patient will need, depending on their weight. If the weight of a patient is only known in pounds, doctors need to convert that measurement to kilograms and then find the amount of milligrams for the prescription. There is a very big difference between mg/kg and mg/lbs., so it is imperative that doctors understand how to accurately convert weight measurements. Doctors must also determine how long a prescription will last. For example, if a patient needs to take their medication, say one pill, three times a day. Then one month of pills is approximately 90 pills. However, most patients prefer two or three month prescriptions for
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Naomi Jewett Math1020 Math Project 12/6/2013

convenience and insurance purposes. Doctors must be able to do these calculations mentally with speed and accuracy. Both doctors and nurses use math every day while providing health care for people around the world. Doctors and nurses use math when they write prescriptions or administer medication. Medical professionals use math when drawing up statistical graphs of epidemics or success rates of treatments. Math applies to x-rays and CAT scans. Numbers provide an abundance of information for medical professionals. It is reassuring for the general public to know that our doctors and nurses have been properly trained by studying mathematics and its uses for medicine.