Code No: NR310803 NR

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007

HEAT TRANSFER
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. A furnace wall is made of 2 successive layers of insulating materials one of foamed

fire clay (k = 0.279 + 0.000273T) w/m 0 c and red brick (k= 0.7 w/m0 c). The wall
temperature inside the furnace wall is 1373 K and outside wall temperature is 323
K. If the thickness of insulation being 12.5cm of foam clay and 50cm of red brick,
calculate the amount of heat lost from 100m2 of furnace wall. Also calculate the
temperature at interface layer. [16]

2. (a) Explain the critical radius concept in case of curved insulation. [8]
(b) Derive an expression for critical radius for a tube lagged with an insulation
material. [8]

3. (a) Define Reynolds number. Why is it important? [5]

(b) What is Dittus-Boelter equation? When does it apply? [5]
(c) A vertical plate at 1000 C is 1 m wide and 20 cm high. It rests in still air at
1 atm and 200 C. Determine the local heat transfer coefficient at 10 cm from
the leading edge of the plate. The properties of the air at film temperature
may be taken as: Thermal conductivity is 0.03 W/(m.K)
Viscosity is 2.03× 10−5 PaS
Density is 1.00 kg/m3 .
Specific heat 1.01 kJ/(kg.K) [6]

4. (a) What is viscosity correction factor? When and where this factor is employed?
[5]
(b) What is the effect of roughness of tube on heat transfer coefficient? [5]
(c) Crude oil at 1600 C is flowing through a 0.075 m diameter tube at the rate of
1600 kg/h. The pipe is 20m long and its surface temperature is maintained
at a temperature of 1000C. The properties of oil are:
Thermal conductivity is 0.1163 W/m0 K
Kinematic viscosity is 5 × 10−6 m2 /s
Density is 800 kg/m3 .
Pr = 80
µ at 1000 C = 4 × 10−3 kg/m.s
µ at 1000 C = 8.9 × 10−3 kg/m.s
[6]

5. Nucleate boiling of saturated water at 4.825 M Pa is being conducted by means

of a submerged brass heater producing a heat flux of 2050 kW/M 2 . Estimate the

1 of 2
Code No: NR310803 NR
surface temperature of the heater.
Thermal properties of water
ρ = 968 kg/m3
k = 0.58 w/mo C
Cp = 4180 j/kg oC
µ = 1.14 x 10−6 N.sec/m2 [16]

6. (a) Enumerate the salient features of thermal radiation. [5]

(b) Explain the terms, absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissivity. How are they
related to each other for a black body? [3+3]
(c) What do you understand by black body and gray body? [5]

7. (a) Hot oil (Cp =5.2 kJ/kg.k) with a capacity rate of 2800 Kg/min flows through
a double pipe heat exchanger. It enters at 380oC and leaves at 300o C. Cold
oil (Cp = 4.8 kJ/kgk) enters at 30o C and leaves at 200o C. If the overall heat
transfer coefficient is 1000 W/m2 K, determine the heat transfer area required
for
i. Parallel flow and
ii. Counter flow [4+4]
(b) Define overall heat transfer coefficient and write an expression for it by ac-
counting fouling resistances at the inner and outer tube surfaces in shell and
tube heat exchanger. [8]

8. A solution is concentrated from 20 % to 65% solids. (Specific heat of feed 0.3)

Steam at 2 atm is used. Pressure in the condenser is 100 mm Hg absolute. Feed
enters at 25o C, overall heat transfer coefficient is 1800 W/m2o C. The evaporator
must evaporate 20,000 kg/hr of water as vapour. Calculate the steam needed,
economy and heat transfer area required. λs = 2197 kJ/kg, λ = 2375 kJ/kg. [16]

?????

2 of 2