Code No: RR210104 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
SURVEYING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) Write short notes on [4+4]

i. Reconnaissance
ii. Normal Tension.
(b) Calculate the sag correction for a 30m steel under a pull of 100 N in three
equal spans of 10m each. Weight of one cubic cm of steel = 0.078 N. Area of
cross section of tape = 0.08 Sq.cm [8]

2. (a) What is a traverse ? Explain the different types of traversing. [8]

(b) Convert the following whole circle bearings to quadrantal bearings. [8]
i. 3500 12′
ii. 1170 24′
iii. 680 51′
iv. 2120 04′

3. (a) What is meant by orientation. Explain the two methods of orienting the plane
table. [8]
(b) List the advantages and disadvantages of plane table surveying. [8]

4. (a) What are the different types of bench marks and explain the use of them? [8]
(b) The following consecutive readings were taken with a dumpy level and 4m
levelling staff on a continuously sloping ground at 30m intervals.
0.680, 1.455, 1.855, 2.330, 2.885, 3.380, 1.055, 1.860, 2.265, 3.540, 0.835, 0.945,
1.530 and 2.250
The R.L of starting point was 80.750m
Rule out a page of the level field book and enter the above readings
Carryout reduction of levels by rise and fall method and Apply usual checks
Determine the gradient of the line joining the first and last points. [8]

5. (a) Define contour, contour interval, horizontal equivalent. [6]

(b) Suggest some suitable values of contour interval for different scales of map and
type of ground. [5]
(c) Explain the uses of contours. [5]

6. (a) Explain how the area of a land portion is determined from the field notes. [8]

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 1
(b) The following perpendicular offsets were taken from a chain line to a hedge.

Chainage (m) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Offsets (m) 6.7 7.8 9.7 11.8 9.6 8.8 7.6 6.9 6.2

Calculate the area enclosed between the survey line, the hedge and the end
offsets by
i. Trapezoidal Rule
ii. Simpsons Rule. [8]

7. (a) Explain the detailed procedure of finding out the capacity of a reservoir. [8]
(b) Levels were taken at every 40 m along a piece of ground. The following
observations were recorded.

Distance (m) : 0 40 80 120 160 200

R.L.(m) : 105.0 114.2 123.6 128.0 130.2 125.6

A cutting is to be made for a line of uniform gradient through the first and
the last point. Determine its gradient calculate the volume of excavation if
the formation width is 8.0 m with side slopes in cutting being 1.5:1 and the
natural ground slope being 10:1. The ground across the centre line is level.
[8]

8. (a) Explain how testing and adjustment of a line ranger is carried out. Explain
with a neat sketch. [8]
(b) Explain how Box sextant is used for the measurement of horizontal angles. [8]

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
SURVEYING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain classification of surveys under different heads. [8]

(b) In passing an obstacle in the form of a pond, stations A and D on the main
line, were taken on the opposite sides of the pond. On the left of AD, a line
AB, 225m long was laid down, and a second line AC, 275m long, was ranged
on the right of AD, The points B, D and C being in the same straight line. BD
and DC were then chained and found to be 125m and 137.5 m respectively.
Find the length of AD. [8]

2. (a) The magnetic bearing of a line was found to be N 600 30′ W in 1956 when the
declination on was 50 10′ E. Find its present magnetic bearing if declination is
30 W at present. [6]
(b) What is local attraction? How is it detected and how the observed bearings
are corrected for the same?. [10]

3. (a) State the three point problem in plane tabling and describe how it is solved
by Bessel’s method. [8]
(b) Explain with sketches the different methods of locating a point on the plan
of the station occupied by plane table. Discuss the relative merits of these
methods. [8]

4. (a) Explain how reciprocal levelling eliminates the effect of atmospheric refraction
and the earth curvature, as well as the effect of not adjusting the line of
collimation. [8]
(b) A level sight on a staff held at a distance of 88 m from the instrument reads
2.375m and the bubble is found to be two divisions off the center of the run
towards the staff. If the level tube is in adjustment and has a sensitivity of
400 , what is the true reading on the staff? Take sin10 = 1/206,265. [8]

5. (a) Explain tacheometric method of locating contours with a neat sketch. Under
what circumstances this method is preferred to. [8]
(b) Explain in detail how the contour plan is used to calculate the capacity of a
reservoir. [8]

6. (a) What is Simpsons Rule in the computation of areas figures. Derive and ex-
pression for it. [8]
(b) The following offsets were taken from a chain line to a hedge. Calculate the
area enclosed between the chain line and hedge by

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 2
i. Simpsons Rule
ii. Trapezoidal rule [8]

7. (a) What are the different methods that are generally adopted for measuring vol-
ume. Explain them briefly. [8]
(b) Calculate the volume of earth work by prismoidal formula in a road embank-
ment with the following date.

Chainage along the centre line in ft: 0 100 200 300 400
Ground Levels in formation : 201.7 202.9 202.4 204.7 206.9

Formation level at chainage 0 is 202.3, top width 2.0 ft side slopes are 2 to 1.
The longitudinal slope of the embankment is 1 in 100 rising. The ground is
assumed to be level across the longitudinal section. [8]

8. (a) What is a prism square. What is the working principle behind it? Explain
how it is used in the field. [8]
(b) Explain construction and working of a box sextant. Explain how it is used for
the measurement of vertical angle. [8]

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
SURVEYING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) What are the instruments to be used in chain surveying? Explain in brief
along with neat sketches. [8]
(b) A 20m chain was tested before the commencement of the day’s work and found
to be correct. After chaining 940m, the chain was found to be 0.010 m long.
At the end of day’s work, after chaining a total distance of 1476m, the chain
was found to be 0.15m long. What was the true distance chained. [8]

2. (a) What is a traverse ? Explain the different types of traversing. [8]

(b) Convert the following whole circle bearings to quadrantal bearings. [8]
i. 3500 12′
ii. 1170 24′
iii. 680 51′
iv. 2120 04′

3. (a) Explain the procedure of plane table surveying step by step. [8]
(b) List out different methods of plane tabling. Explain plane Table Radiation
method along with neat sketches. [8]

4. (a) Explain why it is necessary to keep the level midway between backsight and
foresight readings. [4]
(b) The following consecutive readings were taken with a Dumpy level. 6.21, 4.92,
6.12, 8.42, 9.1, 6.63, 7.91, 8.26, 9.71, 10.21.
The level was shifted after 4th , 6th and 9th readings. The R.L of first point was
125.00. Rule out of page of level field work and fill all the columns. Calculate
the reduced levels and apply usual checks. [12]

5. (a) Discuss the different factors based on which the choice of proper contour in-
terval depends. [6]
(b) Explain the different characteristics of contours along with neat sketches. [10]

6. (a) List out different general methods of determining areas. Explain how the areas
are computed by sub-division into triangles. What are the limitations of the
method? [8]
(b) The following are the values in metres of the off sets taken from a chain to an
irregular boundary.
Distance: 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Offset: 3.5 5.1 6.7 6.2 5.4 6.9 7.4 6.4 5.8

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 3
Calculate the area in square metres included between the chain line, the ir-
regular boundary and the last offset by simpson’s rule. [8]

7. (a) What are the different methods that are generally adopted for measuring vol-
ume. Explain them briefly. [8]
(b) Calculate the volume of earth work by prismoidal formula in a road embank-
ment with the following date.

Chainage along the centre line in ft: 0 100 200 300 400
Ground Levels in formation : 201.7 202.9 202.4 204.7 206.9

Formation level at chainage 0 is 202.3, top width 2.0 ft side slopes are 2 to 1.
The longitudinal slope of the embankment is 1 in 100 rising. The ground is
assumed to be level across the longitudinal section. [8]

8. (a) Explain how testing and adjustment of a line ranger is carried out. Explain
with a neat sketch. [8]
(b) Explain how Box sextant is used for the measurement of horizontal angles. [8]

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, February 2007
SURVEYING-I
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Explain classification of surveys under different heads. [8]

(b) In passing an obstacle in the form of a pond, stations A and D on the main
line, were taken on the opposite sides of the pond. On the left of AD, a line
AB, 225m long was laid down, and a second line AC, 275m long, was ranged
on the right of AD, The points B, D and C being in the same straight line. BD
and DC were then chained and found to be 125m and 137.5 m respectively.
Find the length of AD. [8]

2. (a) Differentiate between Isogonics lines and Agonic lines. [6]

(b) The following bearings were observed in a closed traverse. Calculate the in-
cluded angles and verify whether the usual geometric condition is satisfied or
not [10]

Line F.B B.B

AB S 450 E N 450 W
BC N 600 E S 60 W
CD N 50 E S 50 W
DE N 650 W S 650 E
EA S 500 W N 500 E

3. (a) Explain the procedure of plane table surveying step by step. [8]
(b) List out different methods of plane tabling. Explain plane Table Radiation
method along with neat sketches. [8]

4. (a) Explain in detail how in a dumpy level you will make the axis of the bubble
tube perpendicular to the vertical axis. [8]
(b) Find the error of reading of levelling staff if the observed reading is 12.00’ and
the point sighted the staff is 6” off the vertical through the bottom. [8]

5. (a) Define contour, contour interval, horizontal equivalent. [6]

(b) Suggest some suitable values of contour interval for different scales of map and
type of ground. [5]
(c) Explain the uses of contours. [5]

6. (a) Explain different ways of determining areas by computations based on mea-

surements scaled from a map. [8]

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Code No: RR210104 Set No. 4
(b) Determine the area in hectares between the line AB and a meandering stream
for offsets taken at a regular interval of 20m along the line AB. Use both
Trapezoidal rule and Simpson ’s rule. [8]

Point A B
Distance (m) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Offset lengths(m) 23 40 42 30 32 60 10 14 22

7. (a) In a certain railway cutting the width at formation level is 9m. The side of
the cutting slope at 1 to 1 and the original ground surface has a side slope of
1 in 8. Determine the volume and cost of the cutting contained in a length of
240m, the average depth of cutting being 1.8m and its cost is Rs 50 per 100
cubic metres. [8]
(b) Calculate the quantity of earth work in cubic metres required for a road em-
bankment from the following data. Formation width = 9m; side slope 2 to 1.
[8]

Distance (m) Height of bank(m) Side slope of original ground

0 3.0 1 in 10
30 3.6 1 in 8
60 2.7 1 in 12

8. (a) Explain how testing and adjustment of a line ranger is carried out. Explain
with a neat sketch. [8]
(b) Explain how Box sextant is used for the measurement of horizontal angles. [8]

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