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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!

rarie"

Using OPNET Model Support Libraries Lab


Objectives
We will study how a node model with a three-layer protocol stack (an application layer, a network layer and a radio transceiver) uses OPNET model support libraries to per orm various tasks! We will run discrete event simulations to observe the output o the O"# $P%!

Overview
There are our individual lab sessions, each lab dealin& with a speci ic O"# packa&e! The irst lab studies the use o auto-address support packa&e (oms'auto'addr'support) in assi&nin& addresses to nodes in a network! %n the second lab, we will use the process re&istry $P% (oms'pr) to communicate between layers o the protocol stack! The third lab deals with the use o the distribution support (oms'dist'support) packa&e to &enerate packets with si(es correspondin& to di erent distributions! %n the ourth lab, we will study the use o the bu er support (oms'bu er) packa&e to implement a priority )ueuin& scheme!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

Lab 1: Address assign ent using OMS Auto!addressing Pac"age


Objective
To understand how the oms'auto'addr'support packa&e can be used to &enerate uni)ue nonne&ative inte&er addresses or all nodes in a network!

Overview
Within this simple radio broadcast network, the nodes will be sendin& packets between each other! To make sure that calls &et sent to the correction destination, some orm o uni)ue addressin& is re)uired! %n some cases the user may choose to e*plicitly set the address on some nodes! +owever, in most other cases, the address o nodes can be assi&ned randomly, especially when the number o nodes in the network makes it impractical to manually assi&n addresses to them all! The O"# autoaddressin& packa&e will be used to help out in this situation! The various sta&es o auto-addressin& usin& the O"# auto-addressin& support $P% will be e*amined! Then a simple simulation will be run to observe the e ects! $n e*ample network consistin& o multiple nodes is set up! #ome o these nodes have manual addressin& while addresses on others will be auto-assi&ned! O-. trace output will be e*amined to veri y that the auto-addressin& packa&e assi&ns uni)ue addresses to all the nodes in the network without overwritin& the manually assi&ned addresses!

#nstructions
E$a ine t%e t%ree stages o& auto!addressing: 1. Registration a! Open the node model session_1528_node_ref! The network module is responsible or determinin& the address! b! Open the underlyin& process model by double-clickin& on the network module! The process model session_1528_network_ref displays! c! %n the Enter E*ecs o the Reg state, &o to the section called ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT REGISTRATI N! d! Observe the call to oms_aa_address_handle_get ()!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

e! /lose the te*t bo*! 2. Reso!"tion a! Open the Enter E*ecs o the $ddr state, and &o to the section called ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT RES #$TI N! b! Observe the call to oms_aa_address_resolve ()!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

c! /lose the te*t bo*! %. &taining t'e fina! address a! %n the Enter E*ecs o the Init state, &o to the section called ADDRESS ASSIGNMENT (TAINING T)E *INA# ADDRESS! b! Observe the call to op_ima_obj_attr_get ()!

c! /lose the te*t bo*! Observe the declaration of the header file and source code file 0! %ncludin& the header ile (in order to make calls to the O"# auto-addressin& unctions) a! Open the +eader .lock! b! Observe the inclusion o o+s_a"to_addr_s",,ort.'!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

c! /lose the +eader .lock! 1! -eclarin& the source ile (in order to link it to the simulation)! a! 2rom the process editor, &o to menu *i!e - De.!are E/terna! *i!es 0 b! Observe the inclusion o o+s_a"to_addr_s",,ort!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

c! /lick on 1an.e! to close the dialo& bo*

Verify execution of auto-addressing code in the simulation 0! E*amine the network con i&uration! a! Open the pro3ect session_1528_e/a+,!e! i! The scenario a"to2addr will open! b! Observe the addresses assi&ned to the various nodes! i! 4i&ht-click on any o the nodes, and select Edit Si+i!ar Nodes. ii! 5ook in the Address column to veri y that node'6, node'7 and node'1 have been assi&ned the addresses 8, 0 and 19 respectively! $ll other addresses are set to A"to Assigned! 1! 4un the simulation, and observe the e*ecution o the auto-addressin& packa&e! a! /lick on the 1onfig"re-R"n Dis.rete E3ent Si+"!ation action button!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

i! :eri y that the simulation is con i&ured to run in O-. mode!

b! 4un the simulation by clickin& on the R"n button! c! 4un the simulation or 19 events with a label trace on auto_addr. i! $t the O-. prompt, type ltrace auto_addr, and Enter! ii! Ne*t type evstop 20, and Enter! iii! Type c or continue, and Enter! d! Observe the addresses o all the nodes be ore oms'aa has assi&ned the addresses! The nodes node'6, node'7 and node'1 have the addresses that have been manually assi&ned to them! Others do not have valid addresses!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

e! 4un the simulation or another ;9 events! i! Type evstop +40, and Enter! ii! Type c, and Enter! ! Observe that all nodes have uni)ue addresses now!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

&! /omplete simulation by typin& c, and Enter!

Su

ar'
0! We have seen the code involved in usin& the oms'auto'addr'support packa&e or &eneratin& addresses! 1! We observed the unction calls made at each o the three sta&es (re&istration, resolution, and obtainin& the inal address) in the successive states o the process model! 8! We have run a simulation and veri ied that uni)ue non-ne&ative addresses are &enerated by the packa&e by lookin& at the trace statements in the O-.!

E/tra .redit< What happens i you try to manually assi&n two nodes with the same address and rerun the simulation=

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

Lab (: #nter!process co )egistr' pac"age


Objective

unication using OMS Process

To set up communication between two processes usin& the oms'pr $P%!

Overview
The wireless node model bein& used in this session consists o a 8-layer protocol stack>the application layer, the network layer and the wireless physical layer! The application layer &enerates multiple tra ic lows to di erent destinations, and the network layer services these lows in a strict priority )ueuin& ashion! The network module needs to set up as many )ueues as there are tra ic lows! #ince the application and network processes are in two separate modules, this in ormation is obtained usin& the process re&istry and discovery mechanism!

#nstructions
Add code to use t%e o s*pr AP# in t%e application and networ" la'er odules+

0! E*amine the call speci ication attribute! This is the in ormation that will be shared by the two processes! a) Open the node model ?session'061@'nodeA! The ?appA module is responsible or &eneratin& the tra ic! b) Open the underlyin& process model by double-clickin& on the ?appA module! The process model ?session'061@'appA will be displayed! c) E*amine its model attributes! a! #elect Interfa.es - Mode! Attri&"tes. b! Observe the ?/all #peci icationA attribute! 1! E*amine the code where this in ormation is bein& read by the ?session'061@'appA process model! a) Open the Enter E*ecs o the 4e& state and &o to the section labeled ?%N%T%$5%B$T%ONA! b) Observe that the number o calls is bein& read in this section! $lso observe that the node and module ids, re)uired or process re&istry, are bein& determined here!
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8! 4e&ister the application process with the process re&istry and publish the number o calls con i&ured on this node! a) %n the same 4e& state, &o to the section labeled 4R 1ESS REGISTR5 REGISTRATI N AND 4$(#I1ATI N! b) $dd the ollowin& lines o code<

c) #ave the code block and the process model! d) /ompile the process model!

;! %n the network process, discover the application process and obtain the number o calls! a) Open the session_1528_network process model! b) Open the Enter E*ecs o the %nit state and &o to the section called 4R 1ESS REGISTR5 DIS1 6ER5 AND 7$ER5ING! c) $dd the ollowin& code<

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

d) Observe the trace statement that is &oin& to display the number o streams when we run the simulation in debu& mode! e) #ave the code block and the ile! ) /ompile the process model!

Configure different number of calls on different nodes in the network. 0! Open the scenario ,r_reg o the pro3ect session_1528_e/a+,!e! 1! /on i&ure node'9 to initiate three calls! a! 4i&ht-click on the node and choose Edit Attri&"tes! b! Edit the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation attribute! c! Cet the total number o calls to t'ree by clickin& twice on the D",!i.ate button, a ter hi&hli&htin& the irst row by clickin& on any ield!

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8! /on i&ure node'0 to initiate two calls! a! Edit the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation attribute o node_1 in the manner described above! b! $dd one more call by clickin& once on the D",!i.ate button a ter clickin& on any ield in the irst row!

Run the simulation and verify results 0! #tart the simulation in debu& mode!

1! #etup a trace on the label ,r_reg and run the simulation or 89 events! a! $t the O-. prompt, type ltrace pr_reg, and Enter! b! Then type evstop 30, and Enter! c! Then type c (to continue), and Enter!

8! Observe the trace output at the network modules o both the nodes!

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;! Type c and Enter to complete the simulation!

Su

ar'
0! We have used the oms'pr $P% in order to establish communication between processes in di erent modules by publishin& the number o calls setup at the application module in the &lobal process re&istry and readin& this in ormation in the network module! 1! We set up the number o calls on some nodes by editin& the ?/all #peci icationA attribute 8! We have veri ied the use o this $P% in a simulation by lookin& at the trace in ormation printed by the network process a ter it retrieved the number o calls rom the process re&istry!

E/tra 1redit8 /an you ind another use o the O"# process re&istry packa&e used in con3unction with the O"# auto-addressin& packa&e used by the application layer= /an you describe how they are bein& used and what additional unctionality they are addin&= (+int< Take a look at the ?P4O/E## 4EC%#T4D E -%#/O:E4D $N- FGE4D%NCA section in the e*it e*ecs o the %nit state in the ?session'061@'appA process model!)

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

Lab ,: Tra&&ic -eneration using t%e OMS distribution support pac"age


Objective
To &enerate tra ic accordin& to various user-speci ied distributions with the help o the oms'dist'support $P%!

Overview
The call speci ication parameters on the wireless node bein& developed, allow tra ic to be speci ied in the orm o various distributions! The distributions may be standard distributions supported by OPNET (normal, uni orm, etc!) or the user may de ine them usin& OPNETHs P-2 editor or a te*t ile! The O"# distribution support packa&e provides a uni orm and easy-to-use inter ace to &enerate outcomes or distributions speci ied in any o the manners described above! %n this lab, we will use the $P% to &enerate outcomes in the process model code and speci y di erent distributions in a simulation and veri y the results!

#nstructions
Generate outcomes corresponding to different distributions using oms dist support !"#. 0! The root process in the application module session_1528_a,, creates a child process or each call con i&ured in the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation attribute! %t passes the call speci ication parameters to the child process usin& a shared data structure! The name o this child process is session_1528_trafgen. $mon& other thin&s, the session_1528_trafgen child process will read in the strin& representin& the probabilistic distribution that it will use to vary the si(e o packets as they are &enerated or transmission! 1! Open the process model session_1528_trafgen! 8! 4ead in the speci ied distribution, load the distribution, and &enerate a distribution handle! a! %n the Enter E*ecs o the %nit state, &o to the section DISTRI($TI N S$44 RT # ADING! b! $dd the ollowin& code here< dist_handle = oms_dist_load_from_string (traffic_params_ptrp si!e_dist_name)" ;! Cenerate outcomes rom the distribution, usin& the distribution handle created in the previous step!

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a! %n the Enter E*ecs o the #end'Pkt state, add the ollowin& code in the section DISTRI($TI N S$44 RT $T1 ME. p si!e_bits = (int) oms_dist_outcome (dist_handle)" 6! #ave the code blocks and the process model, and compile the process! Configure traffic according to different distributions in the network. 0! We will be usin& a standard distribution< a custom distribution de ined usin& the P-2 editor and a scripted distribution speci ied in a te*t ile! a! Open the custom Probability -ensity 2unction (P-2 ile) session_1528_."sto+_dist, in the P-2 "odel editor! b! Notice that it de ines two outcomes, a value o I6 with I6J probability and a value o 016 with 16J probability!

c! /lose the editor! d! Open the Ceneric -ata 2ile (C-2) session_1528_s.ri,ted_dist!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

e! Notice that it contains 09 outcomes (09 to 099 in steps o 09)! ! /lose the C-2 editor! 1! /on i&ure three di erent kinds o tra ic lows in the network! a! Open the dist_s",,ort scenario in the session_1528_e/a+,!e pro3ect! b! Edit the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation attribute o node_9! c! $dd two rows to the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation attribute, brin&in& the total number o rows to three! d! %n the irst row, edit the 4a.ket Si:e ;&its< attribute and set it to be uni orm between 099 and 009!

e! %n the second row, choose the special value session_1528_."sto+_dist!

! %n the third row, edit the 4a.ket Si:e ;&its< attribute and set it to the scripted distribution session_1528_s.ri,ted_dist! The name o the ile must be e*plicitly keyed in!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

&! #et the duration o all calls as shown in the i&ure below!

h! Press

= to con irm all chan&es!

Run the simulation and observe the results. 0! 4un the simulation! a! -uration is already set to 6 minutes! 1! Observe the packet si(es &enerated or the three calls!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

a! /lick on the )ide-S'ow Gra,' 4ane! button!

b! 5oad latest results in the template! 0! 4i&ht-click on the panel outside the &raph area! 1! #elect #oad data into te+,!ate!

c! Observe that the packet si(es or the di erent calls con orm to the con i&ured distributions!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

Su

ar'
0! We have used the oms'dist'support $P% to &enerate distribution outcomes! 1! -i erent kinds o distribution (standard, custom and scripted) are handled seamlessly by the packa&e with no user intervention! 8! We used each kind o distribution to &enerate packet si(es used to make calls between nodes and then we veri ied the &eneration o these packet si(es usin& the chosen distribution by lookin& at the packet si(e statistic collected or each call a ter runnin& a simulation!

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1528 Accelerating Model Development with OPNET Model Support i!rarie"

Lab .: Use o& t%e OMS bu&&er support pac"age


Objective
To illustrate the use o oms'bu er $P% in the implementation o a priority )ueuin& scheme!

Overview
The application module &enerates one or more tra ic lows or calls as mentioned in 5ab 1! These tra ic lows have di erent priorities based on their row inde* in the ?/all #peci icationsA attribute, and the network module must service these lows accordin& to that priority! The network module will use the oms'bu er $P% to store and service packets belon&in& to di erent priorities and also to report statistics on the various )ueues!

#nstructions
Observe the implementation of priority $ueuing scheme using the oms buffer !"#. 0! .u er /reation< a! 2irst, a pool is created that will hold the bu ers! Note, at least one ?masterA pool must be created! i! Open the session_1528_network_ref process model! ii! Open the Enter E*ecs o the %nit state and &o to the section called ($**ER SET$4! iii! Observe the creation o the pool!

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b! Ne*t, a bu er is created or each call (tra ic low)! c! 4e)uired statistics are re)uested or each bu er!

1! Packet insertion into the bu er! a! Open the Enter E*ecs o the En)ueue state and &o to the section EN7$E$E. b! Observe how a packet is )ueued in the correct bu er upon arrival rom the application layer!

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8! Packet e*traction rom the bu er! a! Open the Enter E*ecs o the #end'Out state and &o to the section De>"e"e! b! Observe how all the bu ers are bein& serviced in order o priority!

Configure the network 0! /on i&ure three calls such that there is contention or resources at the network layer! a! The network layer can process data at the rate o 0999 bitsKsec! b! Co to the scenario &"ffer_s",,ort in the pro3ect session_1528_e/a+,!e! c! /on i&ure the 1a!! S,e.ifi.ation o the source node as shown below!

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Run the simulation and observe results 0! 4un the simulation! 1! Observe the )ueuin& delay on the source node! a! /lick on the )ide-S'ow Gra,' 4ane!s button! b! 4i&ht-click on the panel outside the &raph area and select #oad Data Into Te+,!ate! 8! :eri y that packets in )ueue 9 su er the least delay while packets in )ueue 1 su er the most delay!

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Su

ar'
0! The oms'bu er $P% may be used to implement bu ersK)ueues in a dynamic manner with various constraints (individual bu er si(e, total bu er si(e, bits limitation and packets limitation, etc!)! 1! %n this particular case we set up bu ers dynamically in the network layer process model based on the number o calls we retrieved rom the process re&istry in lab 1, so that there was one bu er per call! 8! Each bu er was assi&ned a priority and the )ueues with the hi&hest priority were accessed be ore the lower priority )ueues! ;! We also observed how statistics were re&istered or each )ueue and a ter a runnin& a simulation, used the )ueuin& delay statistic to veri y that the delay o the )ueue increased as its priority decreased!

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