Air Pollution And Control (Elective I)

LECTURES

PRACTICALS

Your Main GOAL 1) To pass BE with distinction

To achieve this 1) To get more than 80% marks in Term work of all subjects. 2) To score at least 65 or more than 65 in theory subjects.

This course should result in 1. Thorough understanding of Sources, Causes and effects of Air Pollution. 2. Basic knowledge of Air Pollution controlling equipments. 3. Basic knowledge of Air pollution Prevention.

Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme Lectures: 3Hrs/ Week Theory paper: 100 Marks Practical: 2Hrs/Week Term Work: 25 Marks

Section I - 4 units Section II - 4 units

1. Assignments / problems on Air pollution. 2. Sampling and analysis of Ambient Air 3. Sampling and analysis of Automobile exhaust 4. Demonstration of stack gas monitoring

One assignment on each unit Total 8 units Hence, 8 assignments

Unit 1 The Structure of the atmosphere, Definition and scope of Air Pollution, Scales of air pollution. Unit 2 Sources of Air Pollution : natural and artificial, Classification of pollutant, quantity and composition of particulate & gaseous pollutant, units of measurement.

Unit 3 Effect of different air pollutants on man, animals, vegetation, property, aesthetic value and visibility, air pollution episodes. Global effects of air pollutionglobal warming, ozone depletion, acid rain and heat island effect.

Unit 4 The meteorology and air pollution: Different meteorological factors and their effect, laps rate and stability of atmosphere, inversion phenomenon, precipitation and its relation to scavenging pollutant in the air, wind pattern, direction, velocity and fluctuations , models of diffusions and dispersion, plume behaviour, stack height design, Maximum Mixing Depth.

Unit 5 Air pollution monitoring and regularity control, Ambient Air quality standards, emission limits, ambient air and stack sampling, equipment for ambient air and stack sampling, methods of sampling, pollution monitoring of existing sources and new installation.

Unit 6 Chemistry of air pollution, Chain reactions of hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxide, Sulphuric oxides and intermediates, photochemical smog formation, air pollution indices -aerosols, fog, smog index.

Unit 7 Control of pollutant emission at source, alternative fuels, process change, removal methods of particulate, principals of particulate removals, various types of particulate control equipments, setting chamber, cyclone separators , scrubbers, fabric filters and electrostatic precipitators.

Unit 8 a) Principles of removal of gaseous pollutants, design of incineration, absorption adsorption systems. Vehicular pollution, composition, quantity and control. b) Status of air pollution in India, Air pollution control act and strategy for effective control of air pollution.

i) Air pollution and control technologies Wark and Warner. ii) Air pollution Martin Crawford iii) Text book of Air Pollution and Control TechnologiesTechnologies - Y. Anjaneyulu, Allied Publishers iv)Air pollution and Industry R.D. Ross v) Air Pollution Rao and Rao vi)Environmental Engineering by Peavy and Rowe.

vii) Air Pollution Stern viii) Fundamentals of Air Pollution- Raju BSN, IBH Publisher ix) Air Pollution and ControlControl- Murali Krishna, Jain Brothers x) An Introduction to Air PollutionPollution- R. K. Trivedi and Goyal, BSP Publications. In addition you will get soft copies of PowerPoint presentations , you can get print outs and spiral bind it. Those power point notes must be carried during practical sessions.

Other planets have sunlight, but the Earth is the only planet we know that has air and water. Without air and water, the Earth would be unable to sustain life. A diverse community of plant and animal life has thrived on this planet for millions of years, sustained by the sun and supported by the soil, water and air.

Air quality is important simply because we cant avoid breathing in the air around us. Man can survive without food for 5 weeks and 5 days without water but without air???????? not even five minutes The average adult breathes in about 20 cubic meters, or 20,000 litres of air a day! Mass of air taken in is 16 kg./day Those of us who live in cities should be especially concerned, since we are exposed to a greater amount of pollutants coming from automobile traffic, commercial, industrial and manufacturing facilities, as well as other sources.

Air pollutants can cause a variety of health problems - including breathing problems; asthma; reduced lung function; lung damage; bronchitis; cancer; and brain and nervous system damage. Air pollution can also irritate the eyes, nose and throat, and reduce resistance to colds and other illnesses. Air pollution can be especially harmful to the very young, the very old, and those with certain pre-existing medical conditions.

Air pollution also causes haze and smog reduces visibility, dirties and damages buildings and other landmarks, and harms trees, lakes and animals. It is also responsible for thinning the protective ozone layer in the upper atmosphere that protects us from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun, and may be contributing to the phenomenon known as global warming- the steady increase in average temperature of the global climate.

Historical explanation
With increasing urbanisation and Industrialisation, humans started to release more wastes into the atmosphere than nature could cope with. Since then, more pollution has been added to the air by industrial, commercial and domestic sources. As these sources are usually found in major cities, the gases that are produced are usually concentrated in the air around them.

The adverse effects of air pollution were graphically illustrated in London in 1952 when, in just a few days, an estimated 4000 people died from effects of fine particle pollution. It is when these concentrated gases exceed safe limits that we have a pollution problem. Nature can no longer manage air pollution without our help.

Alarming situation !

Q 1. . The average adult breathes in about ________________ litres of air a day. Q 2. Average adult person takes in ______ kg of air/day. Q 3. __________________ and ______________________ are main causes of increasing air pollution. Q 4. Air pollutants are more concentrated in and around ___________________.

Q 1 . Explain importance of air and air quality.