CIVIL PROCEDURE

nd
2 Semester, AY 2006-2007
Prof. Victoria A. Avena

Syllabus

Part I. Introductory concepts

Part II. Judicial Power

Nature, scope
1987 Constitution
re actual controversies, judicial review – Article VIII, sec. 1
re dec. relief – 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 63, sec. 1 (as
am. by SC Resol. of 2-17-98)
re pres’l./vice-pres’l. elections – Art. VII.4
re matial law/suspension of writ of habeas corpus – Art.VII.18
statutory base of jud’l. review – Civil Code, Art. 7
jud’l. legislation – Civil Code, Art’s 8 & 9

Constitutional protections
constitutional status – Art. VIII, sec’s. 2, 5  R 56.3
re statutory increase of appellate juris. – Art. VI.30

PART III. “Prescribed” Jurisdiction – i.e., over subject matter, by law

Sindico v Diaz (G.R. No. 147444, October 1, 2004) [J of quasi-jud’l. agency]

kinds
general/limited or special
original/appellate
exclusive/concurrent or confluent
territorial
definition/distinguished from exercise
distinguished from venue – Manila Railroad v Atty.-General (20 Phil 523)
general rule = jurisdiction cannot be waived; judgment without jurisdiction w/o
jurisdiction void
Rule 9, sec. 1
Abbain v. Chua (22 SCRA 748)
-- jurisdiction by estoppel = exception
SEAFDEC v. NLRC (206 SCRA 283)
Soliven v. Fastforms Phils. (G.R. No. 139031, October 18, 2004)
cannot be the subject of compromise – Civil Code, Art. 2035
retroactivity – R.A. 7691, sec. 7
once attached, not ousted by subsequent statute unless so provided
Southern Food v. Salas (206 SCRA 333)
PART IV. “Acquired” jurisdiction

A. Over the person

of the plaintiff – Manila Railroad v. Atty.-General (supra; see above)
of the defendant
1) by service of summons – Rule 14, sec’s. 1, 2, & 3
personal service – sec. 6
substituted service – sec. 7
service by publication – sec. 14
extra-territorial service – sec. 15
2) by voluntary appearance – Rule 14, sec. 20
Boticano v. Chu (148 SCRA 541)
3) by voluntary submission
Rodriguez v. Alikpala (57 SCRA 455)

B. Over the res – Rule 14, sec. 15

Banco-Español-Filipino v. Palanca (37 Phil. 921)
De Midgely v. Ferandos (64 SCRA 23)

C. Over the issues

Rule 18, sec. 7
Rule 10, sec. 5
Gonzaga v. CA (G.R. No. 142037, October 18, 2004)

PART V. Specific Jurisdiction of Courts

A. Supreme Court
1987 Constitution
Art. VIII, sec. 1, 2, 5 (supra Part II)
Art. IX, A, sec. 7
R. A. 7902; Rule 43
question of law
Urbano v. Chavez (183 SCRA 347)
Ortigas v. CA (106 SCRA 121)
Josefa v. Zhandong Trading Corp. (G.R. No. 150903,
December 8,
2003)
change of venue – People v. Sola (103 SCRA 393)
B.P. 129, sec. 9
P.D. 1606, sec. 7

B. Court of Appeals
B.P. 129, sec. 9 (as am. By R.A. 7902)
Rule 43
P.D. 442, as am. By R.A. 6715
St. Martin’s Funeral Home v. NLRC (G.R. No. 130866, Sept 16, 1998)
SC Resol. A.M. No. 99-2-01 (dismissal for non-compliance w/ St. Martin’s

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 case)
SC Resol. A.M. No. 00-2-03-SC (amending Rule 65, sec. 4) [book, p. 731]

C. Regional Trial Courts

B.P. 129 (as am. By R.A. 7691)
-- in ordinary civil actions – sec. 19; R.A. 7691, sec’s. 1, 5
-- in special civil actions and the special proceeding of habeas corpus – sec.21
-- exclusive appellate jurisdiction – sec. 22
-- special jurisdiction – sec. 23; Rule 1, sec. 4; Rule 143
-- SC Admin. Circular 09-94 (June 14, 1994); R.A. 7691
-- SC Cir. No. 11-99 (transfer to RTC from MTC of cases w/in jurisdiction of
family courts under R.A. 8369 (Family Courts Act of 1997)
-- CB v CA (208 SCRA 652) [read specially pp. 654-656; 661-665; 673, last
par. – 677, par. after quote; 679-683]
Ascue v. CA (G.R. No. 84330, May 8, 1991)
Negre v. Cabahug Shipping (16 SCRA 655)
Baito v. Sarmiento (109 Phil. 148)
R.47

D. Metropolitan, Municipal, Municipal Circuit Trial Courts

Rule 5, sec. 2
B.P. 129, sec’s. 28, 29, 30, 31, as am. By R.A. 7691; A.O. 33; P.D. 537
exclusive original jurisdiction
- in civil and estate settlement proceedings/over provisional remedies
- B.P. 129, sec. 33 (1); R.A. 7691, sec’s. 3 & 5
- SC Admin. Circular 09-94 (June 4, 1994)
- in forcible entry and unlawful detainer cases
- B.P. 129, sec. 33 (2); R.A. 7691, sec. 3
Lim v. CA (G.R. No. 93451, March 18, 1991)
- in civil actions involving title to or possession of real property
- B.P. 129, sec. 33 (3) as am.; R.A. 7691, sec. 3
Russel v. Vestil (304 SCRA 738)
- delegated jurisdiction – B.P. 129, sec. 34; R.A. 7691, sec. 4; SC
Circular 38-97
- special jurisdiction – B.P. 129, sec. 35

E. Special Rules

Manufacturer’s Distributors v. Yu Siu Liong (11 SCRA 680)

Cruz v. Tan (87 Phil. 627)
Lapitan v. Scandia (24 SCRA 477)
Good Development v. Tutaan (73 SCRA 189)

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Part VI. 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure

A. Scope and Construction – Rule 1, sec’s. 2,3,4,6

B. Uniform procedure – Rule 5, sec. 1
C. Actions
Kinds – Rule 1, sec. 3
Nature
real/personal/mixed
Hernandez v. Rural Bank of Lucena (81 SCRA 75)
in personam/ in rem/ quasi in rem
De Midgely v. Fernandos (64 SCRA 23; supra, Part IV, B)

Rule 1, sec. 5 – commencement

CB v. CA (supra, Part V, C. [emphasis on pp.682-683]
Go v. Tong (G.R. No. 151942, November 27, 2003)
Heirs of Hinog v. Hon. Melicor (G.R. No. 140954, Apr. 12,
2005)
Rule 2 – cause of action
sec. 1 – basis
sec. 2 – definition
Felipe v. Leuterio (91 Phil. 482)
Santiago v. Bautista ( 32 SCRA 188)
Sagrada Orden de Precadores del Santisimo Rosario de
Filipinas v. National Coconut Corporation (92 Phil.
503)
Ma-ao Sugar Central v. Barrios (79 Phil. 666)
Danfoss v. Continental Cement (G.R. No. 143788, Sep. 9,
2005)
sec. 3 – one suit for a single cause of action
sec. 4 – effect of splitting
Rule 16, sec. 1 (e), (f)
sec. 5 – joinder of causes of action
Rule 3, sec. 6
Rule 3.13
Rule 8.2
B.P. 129.33.1
sec. 6 – misjoinder
Union Glass v. SEC (G.R. No. L-64013, Nov. 28, 1983)

D. Parties – Rule 3

requisites
sec. 1 – who may be parties; Rule 3.15
Juasing Hardware v. Mendoza (115 SCRA 783)
sec. 2 – parties in interest; Rule 16.1.g

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 Carillo v. Dabon (G.R. No. 121165, Sep. 26, 2006)
Joya v. PCGG (225 SCRA 568)
Oposa v. Factoran (224 SCRA 792)

kinds
sec. 3 – representatives
sec. 4 – spouses
E.O. 209 (Family Code) – Art’s. 145, 111
sec. 5 – minor or incompetent
sec. 15 – defendants w/o juridical personality
R.A. 6809; Family Code – Art. 5; Rule 14.8; Rule 36.6
sec. 14 – unknown name or identity
sec. 10 – unwilling co-plaintiff
sec. 21 – indigent party
sec. 7 – compulsory joinder of indispensable parties
Arcelona v. CA (G.R. No. 102900, Oct. 2, 1997)
Cerezo v. Tuazon (G.R. No. 141538, March 23, 2004)
sec. 8 – necessary party
sec. 6 – permissive joinder
Flores v. Mallare-Phillips (144 SCRA 377)
sec. 9 – non-joinder to be pleaded
sec. 13 – alternative defendants
sec. 12 – class suit
Newsweek v. IAC (142 SCRA 171)
Manila Int’l. Airport Authority v. Rivera Village (G.R. No.
143870, Sep. 30, 2005)
sec. 22 – wen Solicitor General required to be party

effects
sec. 11 – misjoinder and non-joinder
sec. 18 – incompetency/ incapacity
sec. 16 – death
sec. 20 – re contractual money claim
Del Castillo v. Jaymalin (112 SCRA 629)
Gojo v. Goyala (35 SCRA 557)
sec. 19 – transfer of interest
sec. 17 – death/ separation of public officer-party

E. Venue – Rule 4
People v. Sola (supra, Part V, A)
Time, Inc. v. Reyes (39 SCRA 303)
Pilipino Telephone v. Tecson (G.R. No. 156966, May 7, 2004)

F. Pleadings

1. In general

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 Rule 6 – kinds of pleadings
sec. 1 – pleadings defined
sec. 2 – pleadings allowed
Rule 8 – manner of making allegations in pleadings
sec. 1 – form in general
sec. 7 – actionable document
Santiago v. De Los Santos (61 SCRA 146)
Rule 8.1

2. The claim

Rule 6
sec. 2 – where asserted
Rule 8.2
sec. 3 – complaint
sec. 6 – counterclaim
sec. 8 – cross-claim
sec. 9 – counter-counterclaim and counter-cross-claim
sec. 10, par. 2 – reply
Rule 11 – when to file responsive pleadings
sec. 9 – counterclaim/ cross-claim after answer
Namarco v. Federacion (49 SCRA 238)
Rule 6, sec. 12 – bringing in new parties; Rule 1.5
Rule 10, sec. 6 – amended and supplemental pleadings
Young v Sy (G.R. No. 157745, Sep. 26, 2006)
Rule 6, sec. 11 – third-party complaint, etc.
Republic v. Central Surety (26 SCRA 741)
Asian Construction v CA (G.R. No. 160242, May 17, 2005)
Rule 16, sec. 6, par. 2 – counterclaim where claim dismissed thru
Defendant
Rule 17, sec. 2 – dismissal of actions

Compulsory counterclaim/ cross-claim

Rule 6, sec. 7 – compulsory counterclaim

Calo v. Ajax (22 SCRA 996)
Gojo v. Goyala (35 SCRA 557)
Rule 11, sec. 8 – existing compulsory counterclaim/ cross-claim
Rule 9, sec. 2 – barred if not set up
Chavez v. Sandiganbayan (193 SCRA 282)
Cojuangco v. Villegas (184 SCRA 374)
Carpena v. Manalo (12 SCRA 1060)
Cabaero v. Cantos (G.R. No. 102942, Apr. 18, 1997)
Chan v. CA (G.R. No. 109020) Mar. 3, 1994)
3. The answer

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 Rule 6
sec. 2 – pleadings allowed
sec. 4 – answer
sec. 13 – answer to third-party complaint, etc.
sec. 5 – defenses
Gojo v. Goyala (supra)
Rule 16, sec. 6 – grounds for dismissal as affirmative
defenses
Rule 8
sec. 10 – specific denial
sec. 11 – allegations deemed admitted
Tec Bi v. Chartered Bank of India (41 Phil. 596)
Phil. Advertising v. Revilla (52 SCRA 246)
Liam Law v. Olympic Sawmill (129 SCRA 439)
CB Circular 905
sec. 7 – based on document
sec. 8 – how to contest document
PBC v. CA (G.R. No. 133710, Jan 13, 2004)
sec. 2 – alternative defenses; Rule 3.12
Rule 9, sec. 1 – defense/ objection waived
Katon v. Palanca (G.R. No. 151149, Sep. 7, 2004)

4. The reply

Rule 6 – sec’s. 2 and 10

5. Common Provisions
a) re parts of pleading – Rule 7
Rule 7.4; SC Circular No. 48-2000
Fil-Estate Golf v. CA (G.R. No. 120958, Dec. 16, 1996)
DBP v. CA (G.R. No. 147217, Oct. 7, 2004)
Wee v. Galvez (G.R. No. 147394, Aug. 11, 2004)
Baguioro v. Barrios (G.R. No. L-277, Aug. 30, 1946)
China Bank v. Mondragon (G.R. 164798, Nov. 17, 2005)
Cruz-Agana v. Hon. Santiago Lagman (G.R. No. 139018, Apr. 11,
2005)
b) re manner of making allegations – Rule 8, sec’s. 1 to 11
Perpetual Savings v. Fajardo (223 SCRA 720)
Wee v. Galvez (supra)
c) re effect of failure to plead – Rule 9; Rule 30.9
Cerezo v. Tuazon (supra)
Sps. Delos Santos v. RTC (G.R. No.153696, Sep. 11, 2006)
Martinez v. Republic (G.R. No. 160895, Oct. 30, 2006)
d) striking out pleadings – Rule 8, sec. 12

6. Amended/ supplemental pleadings – Rule 10; Rule 1.5

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 Dauden-Hernaez v. de los Angeles (27 SCRA 1276)
Phil. Export v. Phil. Infrastructures (G.R. No. 120384, Jan 13,
2004)
Surigao Mining v. Harris (69 Phil. 113)

7. When to file responsive pleadings – Rule 11

8. Filing/Service of Pleadings, Judgments and Other Papers – Rule 13

Rule 13.3 icow Rule 51.9
SC Resolution of February 17, 1998
Bautista v. Maya-Maya (G.R. 148361, Nov. 29, 2005)
GCP-Manny v. Principe (G.R. 141484, Nov. 11, 2005)

9. Computation of Time – Rule 22

Spouses Romero v. CA (G.R. No. 142406, May 16, 2005)
A.M. No. 00-2-14-SC
Luz v. National Amnesty Commission (G.R. No. 159708, Sep. 24,
2004)
10. Bill of Particulars – Rule 12

G. Summons – Rule 14
- contents, when issued, by whom issued – sec’s. 2, 1, 3, 5
modes of service
1. voluntary appearance – sec. 20; Rule 16.1.a
2. voluntary submission – Rodriguez v. Alikpala (supra)
3. service in person – sec. 6
Toyota Cubao v. CA (G.R. No. 126321, Oct. 23, 1997)
4. substituted service – sec. 7
Andy Quelnan v. VHF Phil. (G.R. No. 138500, Sep. 16, 2005)
5. extra-territorial service – sec. 15
Guiguinto Credit v. Torres (G.R. 170926, Sep.15, 2006)
Bonnevie v. CA (125 SCRA 124)
Dial Corp. v. Soriano (161 SCRA 737)
Montalban v. Maximo (22 SCRA 1070)
D. Midgley v. Ferandos (supra)
Sahagun v. CA (G.R. No. 78328, June 3, 1991)
R.A. 4883; P.D. 1079
6. by publication – sec’s. 14, 15, 16

mode of service upon certain defendants

1. upon domestic private juridical entity – sec. 11
Paluwagan ng Bayan v. King (172 SCRA 62)
2. upon foreign private juridical entity – sec. 12; see Rule 11.2, Rule
14.14 of 1964 Revised Rules of Court
Facilities Management v. De la Osa (89 SCRA 131)
3. upon resident temporarily abroad – sec. 16

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 Montalban v. Maximo (supra)
4. upon defendant whose identity/ whereabouts unknown – sec. 14
Baltazar v. CA (168 SCRA 354)
- leave of court – sec. 17
5. upon others – sec’s. 8, 9, 10, 13

- return/proof of service – sec’s. 4, 18, 19

H. Motions in general – Rule 15

I. Motion to Dismiss under Rule 16

U.S. v Ruiz (136 SCRA 487); SEAFDEC v. NLRC (supra)

Rule 9, sec. 1
Rule 6, sec. 5 (b)
Rule 7, sec. 5
Rule 39, sec.47
National Union Fire Ins. v. Stolt-Nielsen (184 SCRA 682)
Balo v. CA (G.R. No. 129704, Sep 30, 2005)
Sea-Land Service, Inc. v. CA (G.R. 126212, Mar. 2, 2000)
Swagman Hotel v. CA (G.R. 161135, Apr. 8, 2005)
Goodyear v. Sy (G.R. 154554, Nov. 9, 2005)
Morcal v. Laviña (G.R. 166753, Nov. 29, 2005)
Pascual v. Pascual (G.R. No. 157830, Nov. 17, 2005)
Philville v. Javier (G.R. No.147738, Dec. 13, 2005)
Diu v. CA (G.R. No.115213, Dec. 19, 1995)
Berba v. Pablo (G.R. No.160032, Nov. 11, 2005)
Sustiguer v. Tamayo (176 SCRA 579)
Heirs of Licaros v. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No. 157438, Oct. 18, 2004)
Tancuntian v. Gempesaw (G.R. No.149097, Oct. 18, 2004)
Katon v. Palanca (supra)
Juasing Hardware v. Mendoza (115 SCRA 178)
Malion v. Alcantara (G.R. No.141528, Oct. 31, 2006)
Lee Bun Ting v. Aligain (76 SCRA 178)
Villarino v. Avila (G.R. No.131191, Sep. 26, 2006)
Carillo v. Dabon (supra)
Regala v. Sandiganbayan (G.R. No.105938, Sep. 20, 1996)

J. Dismissal by claimant – Rule 17

Goho v. Goyala (supra)

K. Judgment on the Pleadings – Rule 34; Rule 18, sec. 2; Rule 9.3

L. Pre-trial – Rule 18
SC A.M. 03-1-09SC
Jonathan Landoil Int’l. v. Mangudadatu (G.R. No.155010, Aug. 16, 2004)

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 Paredes v. Verano (G.R. No.164375, Oct 12, 2006)

M. Course of Trial

1. Trial proper – Rule 30

OCA Cir. No. 39-98
SC Cir. 1-89

2. Kinds of trial
a. consolidated/separate – Rule 31
Sps. Yu v. Magno Construction (G.R. No.138701-02, Oct. 17, 2006)
b. trial by commissioners – Rule 32; Rule 67, sec. 5; Rule 30.9
Angara v. Fedman Devp’t. Corp. (G.R. No.156822, Oct 18, 2004)

3. Incidents/processes
a. calendar of cases – Rule 20
b. intervention – Rule 19; Rule 11.3
Holiday Inn v. Sandiganbayan (186 SCRA 447)
Ordoñez v. Gustilo (182 SCRA 469)
Agulto v. Tecson (G.R. No.145276, Nov. 29, 2005)
c. subpoena – Rule 21; Rule 71, sec. 3 (f)
d. Rule 22
Wee v. First Metro (G.R. No.167245, Sep. 27, 2006)

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