1. AND gate operates If all inputs are 1 and all output is 1 2.

. Made up of sine wave with fundamental frequency and its entire harmonics. Sawtooth Wave 3. Graph of Impedance in vertical axis Voltage or current accompanies with reactive components 4. A wiring diagram would be found mostly in: Service/Repair manual in radio receiver 5. Inductor works in stores energy in the magnetic field 6. A zener diode exhibits constant voltage, varying current 7. In positive logic circuit, the logic 1 represents High level 8. It converts high language to machine language Compiler 9. Open circuit test are to measure? Core Loss 10. Short Circuit test on transformer is done by? shorter the smaller voltage winding 11. Regulation is used to? Maintain a constant level of supply 12. When its electron tubes are applied with a high voltage, it emits lights? Phototube 13.Transistor Packaging used during the time of transistor? Transistor Outline Package 14. The ability of magnetic material to retain magnetism even if the magnetic supply was switch to zero? Residual Magnetism 15. Lightning Arrester is usually placed? near the transformer 16. Used to eliminate the use of inductive elements RC synthesis 17. During this potential conduction exist after being idle? Offset Potential/Threshold Potential 18.This influence must be considered during recombination? Emission Coefficient 19.At mid frequency, the loss at lower half frequency is? 3dB

20. Error that is due to inexperience of the user? Gross Error or Personal error 21. This is used to limit variations in amplitude? Limiter 22. Used to have amplification and when saturated it will stay saturated to that level even if increase in bias? Level Clamp 23. The most commonly used FET amplifier for voltage amplification? Common Source Amplifier 24. The most simple converter used for motor? Half wave converter 25. The difference in angle between two vectors? Phase Difference 26. Discovered that the radius of an atom is 10 -14 m? Ernest Rutherford 27. The Output of 175 VDC rectifier circuit? Pulsating DC 28. The most influential factor for conductivity? Electron Structure 29. The one that holds the current register of instructions? Instruction register 30. Alkaline? are better used on radios compare to zinc-carbon cells 31. Lead Acid is about? 2.1 Volts 32. The one with highest input impedance? MOSFET 33. A variation of Colpitts oscillation that use net inductive reactance on its circuits w/ 2 capacitor elements? Clapp Oscillator 34. Surge impedance of cable 50 35. An overexcited synchronous motor running without mechanical load Synchronous capacitor 36. Type of resistors connected parallel w/ capacitor in power supply Bleeder resistor 37. Voltage Regulation is negative when bad power factor is Leading 38. Corona is likely to occur at Transmission Line 39. Duty cycle of square wave

 1:2 40. Strongest dielectric material Glass 41. Comparator with hysteresis Schmitt trigger 42. Serves as cathode of dry cell Zinc container 43. Electrode of Alkaline cell Potassium hydroxide 44. Cell commonly use on emergency system Silver Zinc 45. When making a binary counter, a preferred flip-flop is D-Type 46. Bouncing of electron from one atom to another Drift current 47. Most dangerous short circuit Dead short circuit 48. What is computer on a chip? Transputer 49. Any charge given to the battery after taking of the vehicle Bench charge 50. Which of the following has body centered cubic crystalline structure? Chromium 51. Which of the following has hexagonal close pack crystalline structure? Zinc 52. The _____ is the volume of atom divided by the cell volume Packing ratio 53. The packing ratio of a face centered cube crystalline structure is 0.74 54. The elements of transformer Core, Primary winding, and Secondary winding 55. The core is laminated to To minimize the eddy current loss 56. Solid grounding is use for voltage below 66O V 57. Resistance grounding is use for voltage 3.3 kV 11 kV 58. The gain of buffer amplifier is Unity 59. Set-up Transformer increases Voltage

60. The antiparticle of antineutron is Neutron 61. Voltage drop for selenium conductor is 1V 62. A Dc to Dc Converter with unregulated input and regulator output Switch Mode Power Supply 63. Universal Motor has High output kw/kg ratio 64. Universal Motor is one that is can be operate either ac or dc 65. Heaviside bridge measure mutual inductance 66. Separation of chip 2-3 m 67. Transformer operates on 20 kHz to 20 MHz Carrier Frequency Transformer 68. Range of CMMR 100 to 10,000 / 40-80 dB 69. The particle that cant use for magnet Carbon 70. It can vary AC but not DC Frequency 71. A structure formed by atom covalent bond together Crystal 72. Controller in vacuum tubes Control Grid 73. Bypass capacitor used in high frequency circuit Ceramic 74. The ___ has low output when both input are low OR gate 75. What is the turn-on voltage of LED? 1.6 V 76. Air works as well as dielectric mainly because has low loss 77. The ___ apply to a network with more than one source emf Superposition Theorem 78. The characteristic of mica capacitor is small size 79. What process is used in cold welding? Pressure 80. The first name of transistor

 Point 81. The value of disk capacitor 100 pf 82. In voltage divider the input resistance in the input side is low 83. MOSFET is high impedance because its gate is insulated from other device. 84. Excitation is ___ energy needed for the electron orbit to increase 85. Electrostatic field in a pn junction that hole and electron must overcome barrier 86. ___ keeping the oscillation in the circuit Flywheel Effect 87. ___ used for computing inductance with unknown conductance Maxwell bridge 88. ___ is neglected in measurement of short transmission line Shunt Admittance 89. Input signal in the control system that is not dependent on the output system Command Input 90. ___ use in vacuum welding Electron beam welding 91. How many times does a sine wave reaches zero from the 1st positive peak? 2 times 92. Tank Circuits are also called Anti-resonant Circuits 93. A logic operator that produces 0 if only if the inputs are all high NAND gate 94. If you have infinite no. of resistor w/ 10 , 10 W specifications, what will you combine in series-parallel in order to obtain a 100 , 100 W connections? 4x 4 95. The rectangular coordinates represents? The value of the horizontal plane & vertical plane 96. Point Contact Diode are commonly used on RF Detectors 97. In designing Pre-Amplifiers, it is important to consider ___ Insertion Loss 98. It is a device used in 10-1000GHz frequency range? IMPATT 99. Negative Feedback main advantage

Reduced gain, Increase bandwidth, and reduced distortion 100. Monolithic Packaging is usually in ___ ICs Digital 101. Logic gates are for? Logic decisions 102. Op Amp shunt regulator differs from series regulator because? Its control element is in series with the line resistance 103. In Hall effect, the electric field is? Normal to the current and magnetic field 104. The faster logic family? ECL (Emitter Couple Logic) 105. Photo darlington comprises of? A phototransistor and a transistor 106. Common emitter Configuration that is dependent of Voltage Divider Bias 107. A High Q-tuned circuit amplifier is one with High selectivity 108. Subroutines is used large programming To test the running time of the program 109. A continuous programming of robot path Walkthrough 110. The internal impedance of an ideal op-amp High impedance 111. The output impedance of an ideal op-amp Very low impedance 112. The input impedance of an ideal op-amp Very high impedance 113. Which of the following described a common collector amplifier? Voltage low gain 114. Which element cannot produce magnet? Carbon 115. LED is basically_____ Forward bias 116. LED produce light when the electron return to its hole 117. A cell rate is ampere per hour 118. Devices usually uses semiconductor Solid State Devices 119. A type of cell that cannot be used until it dies

 Nickel Cadmium 120. Why is solar cell used in satellite? because it has unlimited battery life 121. Diode use for high speed switching Shockley Diode 122. What motor characteristic is affected by counter emf? Speed 123. What is the greater treat for diode? Heat 124. What amplifier has the highest degree of fidelity? Class A 125. Mechanical Computer is considered to what type? Analog 126. What is the power source of synchrous? AC 127. How is EPROM erased? With a burst of ultra violet rays 128. What meter is used to measure insulation resistance? Megger 129. What is the greatest advantage of a VOM? No external power is required 130. What is the output of half wave rectifier? Half wave rectified signal 131. Transistor battery best fits in___ Electronic Calculator 132. Hexagonal closed packed crystalline___ Zinc 133. In IC fabrication, the minimum distance between features Geometry 134. In power supply design, 15 VDC output 20 VAC inputs which are not required? UPS 135. High sensitivity substance Permanent Magnet 136. Ferromagnetic Materials Concentrates magnetic flux line within itself 137. In RL plane, what is shown? unique combination of resistive and inductive reactance. 138. It increases inductance in the inductor Ferromagnetic Core 139. What are the advantages of metal oxide semiconductor?

Sensitive an can be damage electro statically 140. A DC voltmeter is high sensitive and accurate in measuring High resistance circuit 141. A net electric charge in an isolated system remains constant Law of Conservation of Charge 142. A change of crystal frequency when L or C connected in parallel 0.1 % 143. DC armature resistance 0.5 144. In context of corona, if the conductor is polished and smooth which statement is true? Corona glows uniformly along the length of conductor 145. Maximum change of power that a normal human can hear 1 dB 146. An error which cannot be correct through calibration or any method of control which source is unknown Random Error 147. Minimum increment measurable with certainty in instrument Resolution 148. Which of the following is not a sinusoidal wave generator? Multivibrator 149. Meter movement uses current induced in thermocouple by heating the resistive element. Thermocouple Meter Movement 150. It is the movement of holes Hole Current 151. Refers to the mean time of which the excess of electrons and holes exists before they recombined and disappeared excess carrier lifetime 152. The process of adding impurities in pure semiconductor. Doping 153. A periodic waveform possessing half symmetry has no. Even harmonics 154. In BJT, IB=100A and IC=10mA what is the range of beta? 1.01 to 10 155. When two simple low pass filter having the same values of R and C in cascaded the combined filters will have a roll off of -40dB/decade

156. The input impulses gets converted to spike on the alternating polarities using a high pass RL circuit with small time constant. peaking 157. A circuit used to generate a rectangular waveform and hence used to gate to other circuit. gating circuit 158. The circuit is tuned by changing the voltage applied at resonance frequency. electrical tuning 159. Non sinusoidal waveform are made up of different sinusoidal waveform 160. The most useful AC Bridge for comparing capacitances of two air capacitors. De Sauty Bridge 161. What principle is used in cathode ray tube to deflect an electron beam? Magnetic Deflection System. 162. For current working NPN BJT, the different electrode should have the following polarities with respect to emitter. collector + VE, base + VE 163. The PIV is applied across the diode when it is reverse bias 164. The word robot coined by Karel Capek 165. Semiconductor device that behaves two SCR Triac 166. 4 bit data word nibble 167. A transistor amplifier with 85% efficiency is most likely Class C 168. A notching relay switches in response to specific number of impulses received 169. Johnson noise in an amplifier is a noise due to The act that electrons in resistor is carry slightly different amounts of energy 170. Special featured of I2L bipolar saturated logic 171. Oscillator that has the best frequency stability crystal 172. The SI unit of illuminance at a point of a surface lux

173. By degrees of freedom is meant to the number of __________ directions which the end effectors of a robot can be move. independent 174. Testing the blown cartridge fuse by connecting a test lamp from one clop to other suspected fuse is always indicating a: Blown fuse if lamp lights up. 175. Half adder can be constructed by One XOR and one OR and their inputs connected in parallel 176. Junction breakdown occurs when under reverse bias 177. The main job of a voltage regulation provide a nearly _____ output voltage constant 178. Capacitor is made up of two conductor separated by an insulator 179. A diode used as a voltage regulator Zener diode 180. An amplifier suffer from distortion when the output is different from the input 181. Astable multivibrator is an oscillator 182. What is the primary use of a megger? measure high resistance 183. The least effect of corona Atmospheric temperature 184. The change of direction of a needle in a compass, when current carrying wire is bought near electromagnetic deflection 185. Probability of occupancy of energy level fermilevel 186. What is the maximum voltage of 117 VRMS? 165 V 187. A comparator with hysteresis is? Schmitt Trigger 188. Why reason why it is practical to make extremely high voltage battery of cells is that? There isnt any real need for such thing 189. The main advantage of full-wave rectifier over half wave rectifier is? Peak Voltage of full wave rectifier is half of the half-wave rectifier

190. Indicates the probability of occupancy of electron in an energy level by an atom? Fermilevel 191. Maximum number of electrons is 18 M-shell 192. It is the sudden but energetic changes from one steady state to another. transition transient 193. Carries an intrinsic at room temperature both holes and electrons 194. When charging lead acid cell there is Increase in volume 195. This efficiency is always greater than 1? (Ah/Wh) Ampere-hour / (W/hr) Watt-Hour 196. The change or differential circuit on an SCR false trigerring 197. Current is uniformly distributed in the conductors cross-section if resistance of the conductor is equal to the ohmic value 198. Increase of reverse voltage of varicap or varactor diode causes its capacitance decreases 199. Amplifier that generates voltage with time voltage time-base generator 200. Number of card read per minute in card reader 10,000 201. Tapped coil hartley 202. Word size use in largest computers 64 203. It is where the fermilevel lies forbidden band 204. When IB current increase IE and IC increases 205. Components of microprocessor ALU and control unit 206. Instrument that measures temperature variation due to change in metallic resistance bolometer 207. Determines the inductance of a circuit Maxwell-Wien bridge 208. Composed of JK, RS flip flop and an inverter D flip-flop

209. Operates in depletion mode only JFET 210. The change in power level when power output is double. 3 dB 211. The effect of which the collector base junction exceeds in maximum reverse bias voltage or active region, thus, breakdown occurs. Punch through effect 212. The independence of diode current due to temperature effect. Voltage equivalent temperature 213. Inexpensive and needs no adjustment RC Coupling (audio low-level amplifier) 214. Part of intrinsic semiconductor where the electrons are active. conduction band 215. 4 bits 1 nibble 216. 1 byte 2 nibbles 217. Sudden instantaneous change in input current from the steady state conditions step input 218. Use to store most recently read data and frequently read data cache memory 219. Use to measure frequency and unknown capacitance with great accuracy Wien-bridge 220. Due to change in neutron of an atom Isotope 221. The speed or velocity of an electron when electric field applied drift velocity or drift speed 222. To minimize the eddy current loss in an inductor. core laminated 223. Selenium arsenide typical voltage 1 volt 224. Ability of material to produce magnetic line of flux and capable of interacting other magnetic fields magnetism 225. Has the same rate and decay triangular wave 226. Examples of output devices in a computer system screen and printer 227. Working envelope of the robot manipulator

 range of the axis motion 228. 99.9% of pure gold has conductivity 72.6% 229. What is form by adding parallel inputs to the inverted amplifier ? Inverting summer amplifier or Inverting adder 230. Wheatstone bridge is used in measuring resistances in range? 1 to few M 231. Magnetic amplifier is a power amplifier with frequency response normally limited to? 100 Hz or below 232. Corona results in? Radio interference 233. What is the advantage does a Bridge rectifier have over Center tapped Full wave rectifier? Bridge rectifier produces twice the voltage at the same size transformer 234. The Half wave voltage doubled is made up of how many half wave rectifiers? 2 235. What capacitor is polarized? Electrolytic 236. Synchronous Capacitor is? Over-excited synchronous motor running without mechanical load. 237. The packing factor of Face-centered cubic crystalline structure is? 0.74 238. The development process by Monocrystalline structure cooling of a molten mass substance is called? Crystal growth 239. What is the operating temperature of Class B motor? 130 C 240. The Vector is a quantity that has? Magnitude and Direction 241. If two perfect sine wave have the same frequency and the same amplitude, but are in opposite phase, the composite wave? Have zero amplitude, because the two sine waves cancel each other 24. What happened to the capacitor that has been connected across the battery? It becomes charged

243. The output is 0 if all the inputs are 0? OR 244. What is true about the step up transformer? The output voltage is greater than input voltage 245. Thermocouple Becomes warm when current flows through it 246. DC motor can be looked up as DC Generator when power flows Reversed 247. The Interactive Solar Power system Allowed homeowner to sell power to the utility 248. The voltage amplifier used in high voltage, high current applications. This is the most efficient amplifier Switching amplifier 249. Which is low efficiency rectifier? Wide Band Rectifier 250. DC loadline of a transistor has a negative slope 251. The two input of an Op-amplifier Inverting and non-inverting 252. The SCR will conduct appreciable current When anode and gate are both positive with respect to cathode 253. Scale error of an instrument is Due to its scale mark not being place at the place 254. Class A amplifier is used when Minimum distortion desired 255. In class A amplifier the worst case occur when No signal applied 256. The anthropomorphic arm robot is widely used in spray paint because It is most maneuverable 257. The pin resistor used in Industrial electron heating is in hairpin form 258. The apparatus/instrument made by Lawrence and Leavingstone Magnetic resonator 259. Count up to 9 and reset to the next pulse Decade counter 260. The two transistor class B amplifier usually called _________amplifier. Push-pull 261. The advantage of photodiode Used as variable resistor 262. Advantages of non-servo controlled robot

 high operating speed low cost high repeatability 263. Wein-bridge oscillator is a Stable sine wave audio generator 264. When correctly bias, Zener diode has a Constant voltage across to it 265. The ripple factor of a power supply is measured by Filter efficiency 266. The Ip/Iv ratio of a tunnel diode is important in Computer applications 267. The number of sub shell in n=4 is equal to 4 268. In low pass filter, the cut off frequency reduced the output voltage to ____of the input voltage. 70.7 % 269. What is the total collector current of Common Base? IC = IE + IC 270. Transition Time it identifies the rise time or the fall time of the output voltage. 271. Eddy Current is caused when a moving magnetic field intersects a conductor, or vice-versa 272. Shelf life of lithium cell 5-10 years 273. A filter which pass a range of frequency and all others are rejected Band pass Filter 274. High voltage for transmitting power is economically available in AC current 275. How high in terms of working voltage replacement in replacing a capacitor at least 10-20% high 276. A typical Kelvins double bridge that has the range of 2 10 has an efficiency of +/- 0.05 to +/- 0.2% 277. Ideal noise factor of an amplifier is 0 dB 278. What is the advantage of electromagnetic meter over a permanent magnet meter?

the electromagnetic meter is rigid 279. The process of removing particle suspended into gas by a electrostatic charge and subsequent precipitation electrostatic precipitation 280. Maximum and minimum scale of a measuring device range of span 281. In pc motor, mechanical output power is from electrical input defect 282. The point defect resulting a missing atom in a lattice is vacancy defect 283. Protection of lightning stroke lightning arrester and ground wire 284. When everything held constant which of the ff does not affect the inductance of the air core Frequency 285. The absolute limit of the component density in an IC technology is determined by the size of semi conductor 286. If the ratio of the inductive reactance is decrease the phase angle decreases 287. If the operating temperature is 155C this is under motor classification of Class F 288. Main characteristic of pot-coil inductor is more inductive less in volume 289. If the bias of the varactor diode the capacitor 290. Class A amplifier is bias in which Vc can swing in equal distance in either side of Q point 291. SCARA (Selective Compliant Assembly Robot Arm) is use for assembly operation practically in the field of engineering 292. The two opposing tort having equal amplitude when a pointer of a measuring instrument finally goes at rest deflecting tort and restoring tort 293. Crystal oscillator provides stable carrier wave for radio transmitter 294. A full-adder adds two binary digits and carry previous addition 295. An index register of a digital computer is used for address modification

296. A servo-motor robot moves between _____ stops soft 297. After firing SCR, the gating current is removed, the SCR current is still the same 298. VTVM produces negligible loading effect because of its high internal Resistance 299. To avoid a high noise figure in an amplifier the volume control must have low DC current 300. A neighboring atom of a crystal lattice structure like a Ge form a ___ bond covalent 301. A neighboring atom of a crystal lattice structure like a Ge form a ___ bond solid state device 302. A moving coil voltmeter is for DC voltage only 303. The output of Class B amplifier is positive half cycle only 304. Capacitor that helps multivibrator to transfer from one state to another instantaneously commutator capacitor, step-up capacitor, transpose capacitor 305. Positive and negative complex waves is symmetrical if it has an odd harmonics 306. Maxwell L/C is so called balance because it has two opposite impedances in opposite arm 307. The ratio in which the circuit opposes oscillation is damping ratio 308. Inverse saturation current (Ico) increases in every 10 C increase in temperature 309. When a purely inductive coil is fed to a complex wave, the current has less distortion 310. The energy required to obtain electrons in the valence shell is very less 311. In any atom, the potential energy of an orbiting electron. is always negative 312. For sustaining oscillation, for a feedback amplifier. The loop gain is

greater than one 313. Essential feature of a non-servo Controlled robot: each axis moves only between hardware stops. 314. When a discharge fluorescent lamp has to be used in dc supply, what component needs to be connected in series with it? Resistor 315. When a large amount of analog signal is to be converted to digital form, an analog multiplier is used. An A to D converter most suitable in this case will be. successive approximation type 316. Consist of two interdependent circuits such that the output of each controls the input of the other: relaxation oscillator 317. Moving coil voltmeter measures only DC voltages 318. The capacitance of the capacitor is NOT influence by: plate thickness 319. Produces a low output when one or both input is high : NOR Gate 320. 1ms can be converted to 10ms using: Monoastable multivibrator 321. OP AMP comparator circuits uses: no feedback 322. In any 3 digit voltmeter, the largest number that can be read is: 0999 323. PIV is applied across a diode when it is: reversed biased 324. Heaviside-Campbell equal ratio bridge is used to measure: self-inductance in terms of mutual inductance 325. Primary cause of linear distortion in an amplifier: reactance associated in the circuit and the active amplifying element. 326. Reverse current in a silicon junction nearly doubles every rise in temperature. 6 degrees 327. The voltage wave is applied across a pure capacitor, as compared to a fundamental voltage, the reactance offered by the capacitor to the third harmonic voltage is: one-third

328. The ratio of energy stored and returned either capacitor or inductor , to the dissipated energy by the device resistance: quality factor 329. Process of adjustment of a scale to agree with the accepted/ certified constant: calibration 330. Any solid object has a maximum of degrees of freedom: 6 331. An IC which is made up of spurting material in a ceramic substrate is called: thin film IC 332. A scale of an indicating instrument whose each division represents the same value is also known as: linear scale 333. An SCR semiconductor is made up of 2 P types and 1 N type 334. Hays bridge is particularly used to measure: inductive impedances with large phase angle 335. Devices used to reduce amplitude of a signal waveform: attenuator 336. A proper biased NPN transistor, the electron in the emitter: passes through base to collector 337. The main reason why electrons tunnel through PN junction is that: the depletion region is extremely thin 338. The efficiency of a class A amplifier can be increased by using: transformer coupled load 339. Produces the highest torque in DC motors: Series 340. Works best at high frequencies: Ceramic 341. Each impedance R+jXL correspond to a unique point in the RL plane correspond to a unique inductance reactance correspond to a unique resistance 342. Ability of an instrument retains its performance throughout its specified operating life and storage life: Stability 343. Volume of an atom divided by the cell volume: Packing Factor 344. By which method protection against direct lightning strokes and high voltages sweep wave is provided:

lightning arrester and ground wires 345. The induced emf in the armature conductor in a dc motor is: sinusoidal 346. Major difference between the construction of lead acid and nicad battery: the cell in nicad battery can be replaced 347. A buck-booster converter with a 30kHz switching frequency is operating with D=0.25. the connected load is 10. Determine the crirtical frequency so that current IL is continous. Lc = (1-D)2 RL 2Fs 348. Unity follower amplifier is an input impedance, leading to its use as an intermediate stage (buffer) amplifier to prevent small load impedance from loading a source: Extremely High 349. Typical value of CMMR: ranging from 100 to 10,000 350. Typical value of CMMR in dB: ranging from 40dB to 80Db 351. Of the wire is the maximum current, it can safely carry. Ampacity 352. ____can keep the display for a longer time for analysis purposes. Storage oscilloscope 353. With permeability tuning, moving the core further into solenoid coil, increase the inductance 354. The best type of core if you need a winding inductance of 1-2 henrys: ferromagnetic pot core 355. For advanced chip, the distance between component is. 1 m 356. Electrostatic meter: can detect ac voltages 357. What is an electronic oscillator? an amplifier with feedback 358. The current in the solar panel can be increased by: connecting solar panel in parallel 359. A diode that is designed to operate reversed voltage and is manufactured to a process that increases voltage dependent depletion capacitance or junction capacitance: varactor diode

360. In transistor consideration, analysis is based on the assumption that for small changes, the variable interest is a linear function of the other variable and thus the differential can be replaced by its increment. stability factor or sensitivity 361. The of a buck converter is define as the ratio of on time of transistor Q to the switching period: Duty cycle 362. A variable reluctance stepper motor is constructed of material with salient pole ferromagnetic 363. A device that is clipped onto an in circuit, dual-in line package (DIP) logic IC that determines the state of each pin of the IC: logic clip 364. The electrode of an alkaline cell Potassium hydroxide 365. The simplest bridge that is use to measure medium resistances: Wheatstone Bridge 366. An ammeter should have an ideal ohms: Zero 367. An ac bridge which measures mutual inductance: Heaviside Bridge 368. A four-arm ac bridge that measure inductance against standard capacitance: Maxwell Bridge 369. Equivalent circuit of plus one diode and two resistor UJT 370. Comprise of systematic element of mechanical,electronics engineering, computer studies and control theory. Robotics 371. A diode operating at 50 volt PIV and rectifying 50 volt AC most likely to break because PIV is less compare to its input 372. All or nothing in a relay operation, the higher value picks up and lower value picks down 373. Candela is SI unit for luminous intensity 374. In robotics, prismatic is robot axes moves at a straight line. 375. ________cannot be attain its characteristics so connecting feedback is needed. Higher sacrifies factor

376. Positive feedback in an amplifier Oscillator 377. In serial communication NRZI means non return to zero inverted 378. In a motor two to three hours life is lost when connected in a non factored load 379. Introduced by IBM Bytes 380. It is programming of a control set of a computer Microprogramming 381. At 95 MHz frequency, Air core inductors is often used 382. ____is composed of fundamental frequency of the harmonic Square wave 383. ____is network of inductor and capacitor L network 384. ____ in series with capacitor and parallel inductor, transform impedance and is a high pass filter. T network 385. What is the difference between rheostat and potentiometer? rheostat carries much higher current capacity 386. The easiest way of measuring amplitude in an oscilloscope peak to peak voltage 387. Op Amps high gain, differential amplifier hose characteristic is determined by external elements 388. LED and Phototransistor Opto-isolator 389. Often used as voltage reference source Weston cell 390. ELI: voltage leads current 90 electrical degrees 391. An LC oscillator having 2XC and 1 XL Colpitts 392. A negative-resistance microwave diode having a thin slice of semiconductor material sandwiched between 2 metal conductors is called ______. PIN diode 393. Negative Feedback reduces distortion in an amplifier only when: It is generated within the amplifier

394. When a BJT is employed as an amplifier, it operates: Over the active region 395. A circuit used to produce delays Monostable multivibrator 396. Common Collector (CC) amplifier highest current gain 397. An ideal voltage regulator has a voltage regulation of: 0 398. Main components of a microprocessor ALU and control unit 399. Components of CPU ALU and control unit 400. In positive logic, logic state 1 corresponds to _____ higher voltage level 401. A solar cell operates on a principle of: photovoltaic action 402. The temperature coefficient of an extrinsic semiconductor material is _______. Negative 403. For a silicon diode, the forward bias voltage Must be greater than 0.7V 404. What do you call a computer on a chip? Transputer 405. Monolithic technique is ideally suitable in fabricating _______ digital ICs 406. For a given line voltage, for heating coils will produce maximum heat when connected in ______. Parallel 407. Frequency stability in an oscillator can be achieved by _________. incorporating tuned circuits 408. Lower cut-off frequency of an amplifier can be determined by its _____. Capacitance coupling and bypass capacitor 409. The sediment which accumulates at the bottom of a lead-acid battery consists largely of ______. Antimony-lead alloy 410. The function of a pilot cell in a storage battery is to _______. Indicate the condition of the entire battery. 411. Class of amplifier which has the highest distortion. Class C 412. Unit of Magnetic flux Weber

413. During charging of a lead-acid cell its volume increases 414. Unit of electric intensity Newton/coulomb and Volt/meter 415. Active materials nickel-iron battery Nickel hydroxide, powdered iron and its sodium and 20% solution of caustic 416. Unit of permeability of a medium Farad/meter 417. In line voltages, heating coil will produce maximum heat when connected in Parallel 418. kpW is classified as recording instrument 419. The most dangerous short circuit is dead short circuit 420. The first IC chip was invented by J. S. Kilby 421. In high pass RC circuit, when the value of capacitance is doubled, the frequency cut-off is Halved 422. Hay bridge is used in measuring inductance impedance with large phase angle 423. A transputer has __ bits. 32 424. BCD is a _____. binary code 425. 2 x 8 RAN means 2 eight bit data words 426. Lead-acid cell does not depend on ______. rate of change 427. When charge is given to the battery taken off from a vehicle is called ______. bench charge 428. In forward bias, the diode conducts current 429. The capacitor has 2 conductors separated by a dielectric

430. A dual trace CRO has 1 electron gun and 1 two-pole switch 431. Gold is used in doping a semiconductor material to reduce storage time 432. What element is not suited for doping an intrinsic to be converted into an N Type extrinsic semiconductor? Iridium 433. JFET operates in depletion mode only 434. The trickle charge of storage battery keeps the battery fresh and fully charged 435. Consider the energy gap diagram of an intrinsic semiconductor. FERMI lies on the ______. Forbidden gap 436. The operation of Q-meter is based on _______. series resonance 437. The temperature coefficient of an extrinsic semiconductor is _______ Negative 438. A 32 bit, Computer on a chip is also known as ___ Transputer 439. In a low pass filter, the cut-off frequency is represented by a point where the output voltage is reduced to _____% of the input voltage. 70.7% 440. In higher forward voltages, a junction diode is likely to ______. burn out 441. Why does silicon require higher energy level compared to Ge? Because its valence electrons are more tightly bonded to the parent nuclei 442. Why is biasing important to BJTs? to have a fixed current amplification level 443. What does thermometer resistor measure? Temperature 444. If the loop gain of the oscillating doesnt obey Barkhevun(ano daw to?) principle (loop gain = 1), what will happen? Stop oscillating 445. If the MOSFET operates higher than the pinch off voltage, what happens to the drain current? the drain current is constant 446. What do you need in order to get the product of two binary? Adder,subtractor and shift register

447. Databus refers to data lines in the system bus 448. Transputer is a 32 bit device 449. The measure of consistency or repeatability Precision 450. The unit of absolute permittivity Farad/meter (farad per meter) 451The main feature of common emitter signal phase reversal 452. The main advantage of swinburnes? economical and convenient 453. A device with two plate and between them is an insulator Capacitor 454. A device that converts sinewave to series of pulses through the application of comparator circuits Timing marker generator 455. A filter that rejects a band of signals/frequencies and pass the rest Bandstop filter 456. The ratio of fractional difference of amplification with feedback to the fractional difference of amplification without feedback sensitivity of transfer gain 457. Why monolithic ICs are more used than Film ICs? because of its linear property 458. Why is bleeder resistor used in biasing DC circuits? to improve regulation and filtration 459. What must be added to improve its linearity of the bootstrap and timebase miller? a compensating network 460. What must be the reason why amplifier with feedback changes with increasing frequency? because of capacitive elements 461. In hall effect, the electric field is in normal with magnetic field and current 462. Logic circuits are for logic decision 463. Photo darlington is composed of a phototransistor and transistor 464. Op amp shunt regulator differ from a series regulator because

 the line resistor is in series with the control element 465. The trickle charging of battery keep it fresh and fully charged 466. Q-meter is based on the theory of series resonance 467. Metallization means interconnection of conductors and bond gaps 468. For amplifiers, if 3dB below resonance is lowered, 3dB upper resonance is raised, what happens to BW? Increased 469. Maxwell L/C bridge is so called because of balance of two opposite impedance in opposite arms 470. Battery buffer decreases variation of voltage and current supplied by dc generators 471. SCS acts ON state by pulsating pulse in its cathode gate 472. Access of identity register in a digital computer uses address modification 473. In N channel MOSFET, the value of gate voltage is high positive 474. An XOR produce only output when 2inputs are Different 475. In Op amp, when the input resistance is infinite, input current is Infinity 476. In a transient, pure resistive circuit have no stored energy 477. Output impedence, ho, ideal and CB connected has 0 siemens 478. In an RL filter, Ripple factor remains constant with load current 479. Decibel measures power level 480. In an RL low pass filter, -12dB/octave is equal to -40dB/decade 481. Phototransistor excel photodiode by greater sensitivity, high current capacity 482. In a circuit, zener diode is always reversed bias 483. Square law devices JFET

484. If a semiconductor is doped with a small amount of boron, number of holes and electrons will decrease(electrons) and increase(holes) 485. In octal, grouping bits are by 3s 486. Permeameter is an instrument used to determine the characteristic of a ferromagnet 487. Volatile memory is semiconductor ROM 488. Oscillator oscillates on positive feedback 489. Hexadecimal is a number system that use number and letter symbols 490. MOSFET differ in JFET in P-N junction 491. Before illuminating PN junction, the photodiode is reversed bias 492. In silicon (atomic no. = 14), outermost orbit is half filled 493. Sulphation in lead acid battery is due to incomplete charging 494. General purpose diode suffer avalanche breakdown rather than zener diode because of dissipated maximum power 495. Active materials in nickel iron battery are: Nickel hydrogen, powdered iron & oxides and 21%solution of caustic potash 496. Double energy transients consists of reactance, inductance and capacitance 497. Advantage of compiler over interpreter in computer is can store and retrieve as often as required 498. Emitter is _____ compared to collector heavily doped 499. In CE, if emitter bypass capacitor is removed, ______ will be reduced Voltage gain 500. Inverter circuit employed the conversion of DC voltage to AC voltage 501. If fuse requires a higher current in the circuit, the load will seriously overload 502. Discharge of electricity from a conductor with higher potential

Corona 503. Floating point consists of a base, exponent and mantisa 504. Any voltage applied across the PN junction is Bias voltage 505. The main use of class C amplifier is As RF amplifier 506. The main advantage of CMOS logic family over the TTL family is much reduced power 507. In excess-3 code, each coded number is three larger than the BCD code 508. During charging and discharging of nickel-iron cell water is neither formed nor adsorbed 509. The emitter of a transistor is generally doped the heaviest because it has to dissipate maximum power 510. The unique features of common collector amplifier is that it levels up the input impedance, does not increase the voltage gain, and acts as an impedance matching device. 511. The major component of MOS IC is MOSFET 512. The detection sensitivity of CRT depends inversely on the distance between the Y plates 513. Silicon is preferred in zener manufacturing because it has high temperature and current capacity 514. Trickle charging of storage battery helps to keep it fresh and fully charged 515. It is the decrease in voltage gain with frequency Roll off 516. The maximum number of electrons in a valence shell that an atom can have is 8 517. 1 KWH of energy is equal to 860 Kcal 518. The transient current in a loss-free LC circuit excited from an AC source undamped waveform 519. The input impedance, h11 of a network with output shorted is given by the rati V1/i1 520. The function of a rectifier filter is to remove the ripple of the rectified output

521. The modified miller circuit which requires only pulse signal to get ramp waveform phantastron circuit 522. The breakdown voltage increases as the temperature increases of the avalanche breakdown. The avalanche breakdown has positive temperature coefficient 523. When the common emitter transient is cut-off the maximum voltage appears across the collector 524. The static V/I characteristic of junction diode is defined by Boltzmann diode equation 525. Photoconductive cell is also known as phototransistor cell or photoresistor cell 526. ICs that are based on discrete changes of values in circuit operation Digital ICs 527. The problem of coordinating different asynchronous devices in a computer can be overcome by the technique called Handshake 528. Generates non-sinusoidal waveform Multivibrators 529. An SCS has 1 anode, 1 cathode and 2 gate terminals 530. ICs which are made by silk-screening components onto an aluminum substrate is _____ ICs thick layer 531. The Nimak Gantry robot has a good positional precision 532. Thermal neutrons are also called slow neutrons 533. The gain of darlington amplifier pair is produced by _______ its beta Multiplying 534. A transistor is operated as a non-saturated switch to eliminate storage time 535. Boolean algebra is essentially based on logic 536. When used in circuit, zener diode is always reversed bias 537. In an AC amplifier, larger internal resistance in an ac source signal small circuit voltage gain 538. Transients that is produced due to sudden but energetic changes from one steady state to another is ______ transients

Transition 539. Solar cells are used in earth satellites because very high efficiency and unlimited life 540. IC manufacturing foundation is based on Wafer 541. Maxwell-Wien bridge measures Inductance 542. D flip-flop is composed of J-K flip flop Inverter & RS flip flop 543. At room temperature, current carrier of intrinsic semiconductors is electrons and holes 544. Anderson bridge is a modification of wien-bridge oscillator 545. JFETs operate in depletion mode only 546. An instrument that measures variation in temperature by changing metallic resistance Bolometer 547. CE is always 180 phase reversal 548. GaAs emits in the infrared region 549. Phototransistors are the same as conventional transistors except that Phototransistor uses light to switch on the transistor 550. The dv/dt effect on SCRs cause false triggering 551. If the power output in an amplifier is doubled, the increase in energy level is 3dB 552. The ratio of Ah efficiency over wH efficiency is always greater than 1m 553. There is no transient in purely resistive circuits 554. An oscillator circuit that uses tapped coil in tuned circuit is Hartley 555. Transformer that operates @ 100Hz to 150 Khz Converter transformer 556. Meter that has own power source Ohmmeter

557. Opposes the creation of magnetic flux Reluctance 558. Has less reactance than wire wound Metal Film Resistor 559. The reciprocal of atomic number unit in grams Avogadros Number 560. Representation of the rate of change Derivative of sinewave 561. When two waves have the same frequency, same amplitude but opposite in phase, the composite wave is Zero 562. How will you make an N-type semiconductor material Add a donor impurity 563. Design the first fuel battery in 1959 F.T Bacon 564. Another term for differential amplifier Subtractor 565. Sending voltage is less than the receiving voltage is known as Ferrenti Effect 566. Used to connect a circuit conductor or other device to an earth plate Ground Wire 567. Current flow to the collector 95% 568. Camera for imaging positron emitters using multiple layer of silicon detectors Compton Camera 569. One main advantage of Swinburnes test Economical and Convenient 570. Original diameter of silicon wafer before processing 3-8 inches 571. Detect the resistance temperature of semiconductor on metal oxide Thermistor 572. Particles when atoms join together to form compound Molecule 573. A time takes a robot to move from one location to the next location Cycle Time 574. _______ contains BIOS to read in when computer is 1st started OS Memory 575. Camera tube with minimum lag Plumbicon 576. A logic gate that is used ass odd parity checker

 XOR 577. A 99.5% pure aluminum has _____% conductivity 63 578. Memory is another name for Primary Storage 579. Best application of wire wound resistor High power dc circuit 580. What is/are common to both fullwave and bridge type rectifiers Vdc Ripple Factor Percentage Ripple Frequency 581. An interaction phenomenon occur to both matter and wave Quantum theory 582. Three-phase ac has three waves, both of the same amplitude 583. Defines the work envelope of the robot manipulator Range of the axis motion 584. A ________ applies to a circuit with more than one emf source Superposition theorem 585. What signal produces resistance in a capacitor? low frequency signal 586. What is the ratio of the output signal power compared to the total input power of an amplifier? Efficiency 587. A device that converts electrical energy to mechanical motion Solenoid 588. A device that reduce the amplitude of the unwanted frequencies below the level of the desired output frequency Attenuator 589. Advantage of electrostatic meter It can measure ac voltages 590. DC motor with high torque Series Motor 591. Oscilloscope that display longer time for analysis purposes Storage Oscilloscope 592. For advanced chip, the distance of each component is 1m 593. Standard chip has distances between components of 2m to 3 m

594. Used as voltage reference on voltage regulators zener diode 595. Impedances in R + jXL corresponds to unique reactance inductance corresponds to unique resistance 596. Parts of a transformer Core, primary, secondary 597. Cache memory memory used in last register file and to be retrieved faster data 598. Output of lead-acid battery 2.1 V 600. Bleeder resistor connected in parallel with the capacitor 601. Thevenins voltage. Can be represented by a single resistor connected in series with a voltage 602. Short circuit test made in the secondary of the transformer 603. Disadvantage of IC over discrete components. low gain 604. Conductivity of pure silver 108.8 605. Most ICs are Monolithic 606. Half wave voltage doublers 2 rectifiers 607. Lowest ripple voltage output LC filter 608. Wien Bridge high frequency/inductance 609. Wheatstone Bridge resistance 610. The meter sensitivity control of the test equipment would probably be Linear taper potentiometer 611. Which of the following is equal to 1.66 x 10-27 kg? Unified atomic mass unit (AMU) 612. If the hole is considered to be +1 unit, then: the electron is considered to be -1 unit 613. What transformer is operated at 20 Khz 20 Mhz carrier frequency transformer

614. The derivative of a sinewave represents the rate of change 615. The force that has not been magnetized between a metal and a ferromagnetic material is never repulsive 616. Frequency of sinewave in hertz is: 1 divided by the period in seconds 617. The camera for imaging positron emitters using multilayer silicon detectors is called: Compton camera 618. Selenium is best suited for which application? photocells 619. ____ contains BIOS that is read in once the computer is first started OS memory 620. If two waves of the same frequency and the same phase would have a composite wave that has a: Magnitude equal to the sum of the two originals 621. The contact between the metals and heavily doped semiconductors is called ohmic contact 622. The main disadvantage of HOPKINSONs TEST for finding efficiency of shunt dc motors is that: It requires two identical shunt machines 623. The simplest tube capable of amplification Triode 624. The charging current in the cable leads the voltage by 90 625. The approximate atomic weight of an element contains: The number of protons plus the number of electrons 626. The IC advantage that translates into less downtime reliability 627. It indicates the ability to reproduce the input variation Fidelity 628. The maximum number of electrons in the P layer of the atomic structure 72 629. The graph between the amplitude ratio and the logarithm of the input signal frequency BODE Plot 630. System which contains microprocessor, memory and input/output interfacing

microcontroller 631. The requirement for a DC armature winding is that It must be a closed one 632. The silicon solar cell is usually A photovoltaic cell 633. Lantern Batteries are best used in 2 way portable radios 634. Transistor batteries are best used in Electronic calculators 635. Lithium batteries are best used in microcomputer memory back up 636. Strongest dielectric is glass 637. Solid grounding is adopted in voltages lower than 660 V 638. Resistor grounding is used in voltages ranging from 3.3 kV to 11 kV 639. A stand-alone device which includes microprocessor, memory and in/out interface microcontroller 640. One characteristic of a single phase motor is it is not self starting 641. Current can be increased in solar panels by connecting the solar cells in parallel 642. Earthing is necessary for protection against electric shock 643. A basic rectifier that contain one diode only is half-wave rectifier 645. An oscilloscope that keeps the display for a longer period of time for analysis purposes is the storage oscilloscope 646. About 1/5 of the range of wi-fi that can connect printers to PCs, earphones to phones and phone to phone is called Bluetooth 647. The first fuel cell batteries was designed by _______ in 1959 F.T Bacon 648. What parameter changes when the height of a transmission tower is increased? Capacitance 649. The electrode of an Alkaline Battery is Potassium Hydroxide

650. produces non-sinusoidal waveform Multivibrator 651. It produces rectangular waveform Gating Circuit 652. Improvement of Wien-Miller Bridge; measure inductance in terms of resistance and capacitance Anderson Bridge 653. determining inteript priority; distinguished priority on PC Daisy Chaining 654. harmonic generator Step Recovery Diode 655.occurs during incomplete charging Sulphation 656. measure self-inductance with mutual inductance Heaviside-Campbell Bridge Circuit 657.improvement of Miller Bridge Phantastron 658. measures capacitance with two air capacitance De Sauty 659. converts step to ramp waveform Miller Circuit 660.measure inductance with large phase angle Hay Bridge 661.increase propagation delay Monostable 662.from dc to ac signal Inverter 663.oscillator with no stable state Astable 664.uses positive feedback Oscillator 665.measures temperature with reference to different resistance Bolometer 666.measures current and voltage waveform Ondograph 667. measures speed using flickering light Stroboscope 668. computer on a chip;parallel processing; 32 bits Transputer 669.refreshed battery Trickle Chraging

670. car battery charging Bench Charging 671.charge or stand by floating Battery 672.mantissa, base and exponent Floating Point 673.to increase from 10% to 90% Rise Time 674.most dangerous type of short circuit Dead Short Circuit 675.use to measure frequency & capacitance Wien Bridge 676.provides constant current and constant voltage with a given resistance Bootstrap Circuit 677.projectile of electron Electron Ballistic 678.smallest parameter ho 679.measured in short circuit by v1 /i 1 h11 680. used for 10-100 Ghz IMPATT 681.in SCR causes false triggering dv/dt 682.in SCR causes local hot spots di/dt 683. size of a transistors base 0.5 1 micron 684.base narrowing Early Effect 685. uses ceramic as substrate Thin Film 686.uses alumina as substrate Thick Film 687. 1 process Monolithic IC 688. probability of occurrence in outermost shell; forbidden band Fermi 689.energy distribution to the electrons of crystal at constant temperature Fermi Dirac 690.shaping of waveform using linear elements

 Linear Wave Shaping 691.unit for luminous intensity Candela 693.contains odd harmonics; symmetrical Half Wave 694.hot carrier diode; fast switching; no depletion region Schottky 695.uses for painting; maneuverable Gantry Robot 696.examples: Carbon, Semiconductors, thermistor Negative Temperature Coefficient 697. power factor ranges from 0 to 1 RC Circuit 698. doubles every 10 degrees Celsius Transistor 699. microprocessor Ted Hoff 700. doubles every 6 degrees Celsius Resistors 701. inversely proportional to oscillator frequency; inversely proportional to reverse voltage Varactor Capacitance 702.for SET 0, CLEAR 0 NAND Gate 703.for SET 1, CLEAR 1 NOR Gate 704.series switch AND Gate 705.first to develop IC JS Kilby 706.consist of ALU and CU Microprocessor or CPU 707. consist of JK, RS and inverter; counts from 0-9 then resets D Counter 708.high impedance Darlington 709.anode, cathode & 2 gate terminal SCS 710. anode, cathode and gate terminal ; 3 diode SCR 711.has impedance of 4 ; 100 ohms

Speaker 712.Ni-Ca: greater Rin ; Lead Acid: greater efficiency Battery 713. uses the word size of 64 bit Largest Computer 714.adds 2 binary bit and a carry Full adder 715.adds 2 binary digit and produces sum and carry; consist on AND and XOR gate Half adder 716.consist of 2 interdependent circuits in which the first controls the output of the second Relaxation Oscillator 717.made of 2 flip flop connected in series Mater Slave Flip Flop 718.information controlling in input output port Handshake 719. input gate current negligibly small ; similar property with thermionic bulb FET 720.voltage gain cannot exceed unity Common Collector 721.current flows all the time Class A amplifier 722. increases efficiency; for impedance matching Transformer Coupled Load 723.Class A: 50% Class B: 78.5% Class C: 85% Amplifier Efficiency 724.most maneuverable Anthropomorphic 725.continuous path robot Walk Through 726.fastest ;smallest propagation delay TTL 727. saturated logic I2L 728.best electronic device for switching MOSFET 729. same construction with SCR but no gate terminal

 LASCR 730.differs from MOSFET because it has no PN Junction D-MOSFET 731. acts as a diode and 2 resistor UJT 732.when not satisfied, the circuit will stop oscillating Barkhausen Criterion 733. Produces because of R L and C Double Energy Transient 734 units: Coulomb per meter square Electric Flux Density 735. Unit: Weber Magnetic Flux 736 .saturation voltage of an Op-Amp is usually 2V smaller than power supply voltage Saturation voltage of Op-Amp 737. operates at 130 degrees Celsius Class B motor 738. operates at 150 degrees Celsius Class F motor 739. Conductivities: Silver: 108.8% Pure Gold: 72.5% 99.5% Aluminum: 63% 740. Absorption of slow moving electrons by intervening matter Ramsauer Effect 741. FET Configuration Common Gate: high frequency Common Drain: buffer application Common Source: voltage amplifier 742.an ac bridge used for determining unknown capacitance Schering Bridge 743.use for frequency measurement but commonly used for determining unknown capacitance with great accuracy Wien Bridge 744.name for the very first transistor Point Contact 745. meter w/c requires its own power source

Ohmmeter 746. Transistor battery best fits in Electronic Calculator 747. Hexagonal closed packed crystalline Zinc 757. In IC fabrication, the minimum distance between features Geometry 758. In power supply design, 15 Vdc output 20 Vac input which is not required? UPS 759. High sensitivity substance PERMANENT MAGNET 760. Concentrates magnetic flux line within itself FERROMAGNETIC MATERIALS 761. In RL plane, what is shown? unique combination of resistive and inductive reactance. 762. It increases inductance in the inductor FERROMAGNETIC CORE. 763. What are the advantages of metal oxide semicon SENSITIVE AND CAN BE DAMAGE ELECTROSTATICALLY 764. Op-amp VOLTAGE REGULATOR, USE AS COMPARATOR 765. A DC voltmeter is high sensitive and accurate in measuring HIGH RESISTANCE CIRCUIT 766. A net electric charge in an isolated system remains constant LAW OF CONSERVATION OF CHARGE 767. A change of crystal frequency when L or/& C connected in parallel 0.1% 768. Cell often used in emergency system SILVER OXIDE 769. DC armature resistance 0.5 ohms 770. The speed of Universal Motor is DEPENDENT OF FREQUENCY OF SUPPLY VOLTAGE 771. In context of corona, if the conductor is polished and smooth which statement is true? CORONA GLOWS UNIFORMLY ALONG THE LENGTH OF CONDUCTOR 772. Maximum change of power that a normal human can hear 1dB

773. An error which cannot be correct through calibration or any method of control which source is unknown RANDOM ERROR 774. Minimum increment measurable with certainty in instrument RESOLUTION 775. Which of the following is not a sinusoidal wave generator MULTIVIBRATOR? 776. Meter movement uses current induced in thermocouple by heating the resistive element THERMOCOUPLE METER MOVEMENT 777. It is the movement of electron HOLE CURRENT 778. In switching devices, gold doping is used to reduce storage time 779. Emitter connected to base of the 2nd transistor--- Darlington 780. Non triggered oscilloscope one which has--- continuous time base generator 781. Optical couplers designed to _______ one circuit from another-- isolate 782. Amplifier is said to suffer from distortion when its output different from the input 783. Zener diode shunt voltage regulator, diodes continues to regulate in the _____condition--- reverse 784. In the depletion region of the PN junction--- increases the width in reverse bias 785. AND gate -- series switching circuit 786. Invented the 1st IC chip--- J.S. Kilby 787. Improper biasing of the transistor leads to--- distortion of the output signal 788. Any charge given in a battery which is taken from vehicle is called--- Bench charge. 789. Non-sinusoidal oscillator-- multivibrator 790. ______ bridge measure unknown inductance in terms of known resistance and capacitance.--- Anderson

791. A deviation movement in measuring instrument from zero value --- zero drift 792. Electron hole pairs produce by Thermal energy 793. Minimum reverse voltage over maximum reverse voltage.--- Tuning ratio/ Capacitance ratio 794. Sediments form in the bottom of a lead acid battery--- Antimony lead acid 795. PF. Of RC network-- between o and 1 796. Class A amplifier conducts 360 deg. because Q is in ____---- centered load line 797. BJT is cut-off--- Vce=Vcc 798. Study of trajectories of projectiles of electron with impluence by electric and magnetic field--- Electron Ballistic 799. In RC resonator, if C is doubled what happen to critical frequency--- Halved 800. Any non-sinusoidal wave change the shape by passing the signal through a device composed of linear element--- linear wave shaping 801. In American Welding Society (AWS) welding electrode designation 1/8 E6011, what does E stand for? Arc Welding Electrode 802. Voltage produce by light. Photoelectric voltage 803. Calculation of end effector position, orientation, velocity and acceleration when the joint values are known Direct kinematics 804. How many commutators are required in a two coil generator 4 805. In P type materials, electrons are _______. Minority carrier 806. Portion of the jointed arm which is connected to the shoulder. Upper arm 807. What takes place when the armature current of the armature becomes an electromagnet? Armature reaction 808. Maintains the highest ratio of robot worker to human worker Japan

809. _____ welding means the use of inert gas. MIG (Metal Inert Gas) 810. For animated graphics involving fast moving, you should ideally use _______. Noninterlaced monitor 811. Floating charge is sometimes called _______ and is accomplished with low current. Trickle charge 812. Back to forward resistance ratio of a good quality diode 10 to 1 ratio 813. What digital IC is least susceptible to noise? Transistor-transistor logic 814. What is the group of joining processes which produces coalescence of material by heating them to a suitable temperature? Soldering 815. If the load impedance of an oscillator is to high, Its not a cause for worry; it cant be too high. 816. Structure of robot is usually mostly mechanical and is called _______. Kinematic chain 817. Energy level that produces close proximity of atoms is a solid. Energy band 818. Advantage of complier over interpreter in a computer. An object can be stored and reused as often as required 819. refers to the mean time o which the excess o electrons and holes exists before they recombined and disappeared excess carrier lifetime 820. a periodic waveform possessing a half symmetry has no. even harmonics 821. in BJT, Ib=100A and Ic=10mA what is the range of beta? to 10 822. when two simple low pass filter having the same values of R and C in cascaded the combined filters will have a roll off of -40dB/decade 823. the input impulses gets converted to spike o the alternating polarities using a high pass RL circuit with small time constant. : peaking 824. a circuit used to generate a rectangular waveform and hence used to gate to other circuit. : gating circuit

825. the circuit is tuned by changing the voltage applied at resonance frequency. electrical tuning non sinusoidal 826. waveform are made up of different sinusoidal waveform 827. the most useful AC bridge for comparing capacitances of two air capacitors. : de sauty bridge 828. what principle is used in cathode ray tube to deflect an electron beam : magnetic delection system for current working NPN BJT, the different electrode should have the following polarities with respect to emitter. 829. for current working NPN BJT, the different electrode should have the following polarities with respect to emitter. : collector + ve, base + ve 830. the PIV is applied across the diode when it is : reverse bias the word robot coined by : Karel Capek semiconductor device that behaves two SCR : triac 4 bit data word nibble transistor amplifier with 85% efficiency is most likely class c a notching relay : switches in response to specific number of impulses received Johnson noise in an amplifier is a noise due to : the act that electrons in resistor is carry slightly different amounts of energy special featured of I2L : bipolar saturated logic oscillator that has the best frequency stability : crystal the SI unit of illuminance at a point of a surface : lux By degrees of freedom is meant to the number of __________ directions which the end effector of a robot can be move. : independent

Testing the blown cartridge fuse by connecting a test lamp from one clop to other suspected fuse is always indicate a: : blown fuse if lamp lights up. Half adder can be constructed by : one XOR and one OR and their inputs connected in parallel Junction breakdown occurs when under reverse bias The main job of a voltage regulation provide a nearly __________ output voltage constant Capacitor is made up of : two conductor separated by an insulator A diode used as an voltage regulator zener diode An amplifier suffer from distortion when the output is different from the input astable multivibrator is an oscillator What is the primary use of a megger : measure high resistance What is a universal motor can be operated either ac or dc supply The least effect of corona : atmospheric temperature The change of direction of a needle in a compass, when current carrying wire is bought near : electromagnetic deflection Lantern battery usually seen on a 2 way portable radio Center-body crystalline cube chromium In a vector diagram, progression of time usually depicts on rotational counter clockwise minimum nos. of diode in a basic half-bridge amplifier one Determining the best pole: specification of system performance practical considerations DC motors is most affected by copper loss

In small induction = energy is stored & released quickly Process w/c is not included in monolithic IC fabrication Die Casting Change in magnetic field Produces fluctuation in electric field Reason why high range is use when voltmeter is connected in a circuit to prevent excess current through meter movement Power loss due to corona is not proportional to space-- between conductors Outstanding features of universal motor: Highest output of kW/kg ratio What gives OP amps immunity to noise immunity to noise: Hysterises JFET references point JFET Source It helps in energy conversion counter emf robotic arm w/c allows the robot to move, yaw,pitch and roll manipulator it compose of passive components such as resistor and capacitor Film IC place where the cathode in dry cell found zinc container gain of buffer amplifier unity conductivity of semicon when there is light increasing fault connection faulty wiring connections all odd harmonics square wave A transistor that operates on a Non saturated switch eliminate Storage Time. The time required for Ic to reach 90% of its maximum level from 10 % level is Rise Time. DE MOSFET differs from JFET generally because It has no PN Jnunction. CMOS circuits are extensively in on chip computers because of its extremely large packing density.

Nickel Iron Battery has active elements of Nickel Hydroxide; powdered Iron with its oxides; 21% solution of caustic potash. A Transformer coupled Amplifier would give Impedance Matching. When an emitter bypass capacitor in a CE amplifier is removed its voltage gain is considerably reduced. A circuit that uses an integrator to convert a step wave to a ramp wave form is a Miller Circuit. A phototransistor is more like a conventional transistor except that in there case it uses light energy to switch it on. Before illuminating a PN Junction Photo Diode it has to be reversed biased. When an IC is formed by depositing the required devices of passive elements like resistors, capacitors and is interconnected on an insulated substrate it is a Film IC The emitter of a transistor is generally doped the heaviest because it has to dissipate maximum power. The difference between a J-K flip flop from a S-C flip flop is its Toggle Condition. When a PN Junction is produced, the diffusion current would cause a Barrier Potential. In the Operation enhancement only N channel MOSFET, the value of its gate voltage is highly positive. Silicon is Z = 14, its outer sub shell is half filled. OS Memory contains the bios that is read in when the computer is first started.

The derivative of sine wave is a representation of the rate of change. Reluctance is the property of a material that opposes the creation of the magnetic flux What type of meter requires its own power source? Ohmmeter A transformer that normally operates at 100 150Khz is a Converter Transformer. A camera for imaging positron emitters using multilayers of silicon detectors is a Compton Camera. What is done when you make a N type semiconductor material? Adding of donor impurities. Interactions whether desired or undesired in between parts of a control system, can result in a multiple loop control system. If two waves have the same frequency, the same amplitude but opposite in phase, the composite wave is zero. A metal film resistor has less reluctance than a wire wound type. The atomic mass unit in grams is the reciprocal of the Avogadros number. Ground wire is used to connect a circuit conductor or other devices in an earth plate. Ferranti Effect when the load in the receiving end of a long transmission line is removed, the sending end voltage is less than the receiving end voltage F.T. Bacon designed 1st fuel battery in 1959 Critical Resistance value of resistance w/c reduces the square root term to zero w/c gives a real, equal and negative roots. Offset Voltage potential between amplifier input terminals of op-amp in closed loop condition. Molecule atoms of elements join together to form a compound.

Cycle time is the time it takes for a robot to move from 1 location to another location. The diameter of the original silicon wafer before processing is 3 8 inches. A main advantage of the swinburnes test is that it is economical and convenient. How much current in a transistor that will flow through the collector? 95%

Thermistor detects change in resistance w/ temp. Diffusion Length ave. distance covered by an excess charged carrier while diffusion during lifetime. Differential Amplifier Subtractor Speed of Response rapidity w/ w/c the system responds to a change in quantity to be measured. What is the difference between actual rotor speed and the synchronous speed in induction motor? Slip What type of rotor winding in which heavy conductors are imbedded in the rotor body? Squirrel-cage winding It is frequently used in digital frequency counter LED Which of the following has the lowest forward voltage? Germanium High temperature metals such as columbium can be easily welded by _______ welding. Beam The power transfer efficiency from source to load ________ as load resistance increases increases Used in measuring unknown inductance Inductance Bridge Produce coalescence metal when heated electrode is consumable and with weld pool. Uses in welding Aluminum Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Produce Coalescence metal, when arc is place between stub metal. Stub Arc Welding This method of monolithic IC production, elements do not penetrate the substrate. Epitaxial Used in measuring unknown capacitance. Capacitance Bridge Electrodes are identified using _________ numbering system and their sizes of electrodes are from 1/16 to 5/16

American Welding Society The horizontal dimension displayed by the oscilloscope Time per Unit Division In charging, the charging process that measures the battery voltage instead of current charge. Floating Current An amplifier in which the transistor is in its active region for less than half the signal cycle Class C amplifier What is the advantage of full wave bridge type transformer? It uses full secondary windings MIG welding is becoming popular in the welding industry because Easy operation An electrode similar characteristic as E6010 but it uses AC and DC currents E6011 PN junction at reverse bias, capacitance does not depend on this frequency Weld electrodes conduct the electric current to the two pieces of metal as they are forged together Resistance Weld Person study robots Roboticist During Arc welding, the current is in the range of 50-400A Used in synchro system containing either differential transmitter or control transformers reduces the stator current and increases the accuracy of the system. Synchro Capacitor An arc is formed between a non-consumable tungsten electrode and metal being weld TIG welding Working from a product design likely to exist in a CAD data base, it compasses the computer technologies that physically produce the product including parts-program preparation, process planning, tool design, process analysis, and parts processing by numerical controlled machines Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) The detection by robot through contact of touch, force, pattern, slip, and movement allows determination of local shape, orientation and feedback forces of a grasped workpiece. Tactile Sensing The degree of which a process has been made automatic.

 Level of Automation Conductivities Silver: 108.8% Gold: 72.5% Aluminum: 63% Absorption of slow moving electrons by intervening matter Ramsauer Effect An ac bridge used for determining unknown capacitance Schering Bridge Use for frequency measurement but commonly used for determining unknown capacitance with great accuracy Wien Bridge Name for the very first transistor Point Contact A meter w/c requires its own power source Ohmmeter Serves as a cathode for dry cells Zinc Container

discharge of electricity from a conductor with high potential Half-wave Voltage Doubler made up of 2 half-wave rectifier Transformer core laminated to minimize eddy current loss Gives op-amp immunity to noise Hysteresis Required replacement working voltage when replacing a capacitor 10 % - 20% higher Wide Bandwidth Amplifier an amplifier w/c has poor selectivity Combinational Logic Amplifier used in creating semiconductor ROM Packing Factor ratio of volume of the atoms to the cell volume Ceramic bypass capacitor used for high frequency application RC Synthesis technique used to eliminate the need for inductive elements of monolithic IC Damping Factor determines the filter response characteristic Solid Grounding adopted for voltage below 600 V Resistance Grounding adopted for voltage from 3.3 kV to 11 kV Stray Loss not considered loss a transformer Gauss Theorem for Magnetic Flux magnetic flux in any discrete surface is equal to zero Rheostat it can handle more power than potentiometer Ferranti Effect can be seen for long transmission lines Flywheel Effect occurs at oscillation Avalanche Effect occurs at diode Frenkel Effect

SMPS Switch Mode Power Supply dc to dc converter with regulated output 10 40 kHz Commonly found in an interruptible power supply Lead Acid Battery Lantern Battery found in two way portable radio Transistor Battery used in electronic calculator Lithium Battery for microcomputer backup input impedance of ideal op-amp 50 ohms surge resistance for cables 50 ohms Maximum capability of wire to hold current Ampacity Corona occurs maximum at transmission lines

 vacant lattice sites wherein a missing atom is relocated in a location in w/c an atom should not be found misalignment of electron to hole Vacancy Defect missing atom Bravais Lattice a lattice w/c only shows the lattice points in a crystal Sensyl points the direction of an object Dynamic Resistance resistance at the pn junction under ac condition Potential Gradient in a cable, it is maximum at the conductor and minimum in the outer sheath Impracticality of High Voltage Cell because there isnt any real need for such thing Maxwell Bridge measures inductance from known capacitance Welding Cold Wielding pressure Cycloconverter converts ac to ac Negatron same as electron Silver Zinc for emergency purpose Packing Factor 74% for face centered Schmitt Trigger op-amp with hysteresis Differentiator subtractor capacitor is in series in input Integrator capacitor is on feedback path Distance of component on standard IC 62. 2 5 micron Distance of component on advance IC 63. 1 micron Geometry comparison of features of IC

Stack LIFO Program Counter points the next command Instruction Register holds the present command 1.6 V typical threshold of LED Orthogonal Nulling effect in which input affects output but output cannot affect input 3 to 8 inches size of standard wafer before used as IC 74. 1 dB smallest change in sound that can perceive by human ear Weston Saturated Cell reference cell Galvanized Steel used to ground electric wires Cache memory recently used / frequently used memory OS Memory BIOS Manipulator robot arm Storage Oscilloscope used to display responses for long duration of studying purpose IEEE 488 most important standard for digital interface Atomic Mass unit reciprocal of Avogadros Number 1.6607 x 10 -27 kg Skin Effect only at high frequency Pre-Amplifier voltage amplifier Electronic Oscillator OP-Amp + Feedback 1% stray loss Push pull

 2 transistors Permeameter measures magnetic characteristic of ferromagnetic materials Chebyshev passband filter with ripple Elliptical bandstop with sharp notch LASCR also called latch SCR with no gate terminal D Flip Flop binary counter FET thermionic valve Gimmick Capacitance capacitance made by twisted wire Gratz Rectifier 3 phase full wave rectifier made with 6 rectifying elements 2mm repeatability of servo-motor 5.6 V zener diode that will result to best stability 15. 3.5 6 dB noise figure of MMIC Monolithic IC made from passive and active component Film IC made from passive component only Air Core used for 95 MHz Torroid Core used for 400 kHz Optoisolator / Optocoupler LED + phototransistor Bistable it composes the flip flop JK and SC Flip flop toggle switch is the only difference ROM made of combinational logic circuit Word

16 byte Double 32 byte DIAC 2 pairs of SCR Darlington 2 transistors Punch Through Effect when Vce exceeds active region, breakdown occurs Persistor superconducting element CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor ECL high speed compared to TTL TT least propagation delay Pilot Cell indicates the condition of the entire battery Mercury Cell pollutes the environment Dry Cell ready to use even without initial charging Short Dead Circuit causes explosion Polyesteryn good capacitor Analog IC linear changes Digital IC discrete changes Equalizing Charge used for battery to return to original state Zero Drift disparity from mechanical zero due to passing of time

Most compulsory robot that uses serial chain which link to connect one to another to it. Serial robot The maximum voltage that can be steadily applied to capacitor without the capacitor breaking down (short) is called ____ of the capacitor Work voltage What generator having field wound and armature wound connected in parallel Shunt wound dc generator

Shunt is mostly contained of what alloy? Manganin Compare to straight-cut spur gear, helical gear___ have less backlash What considered as piece of mechanical with an interesting control aspect? Robot Cover that protects the magnetic or electromagnetic in affecting other object Shielding Unlike TIG welding, MIG welding uses consumable electrodes The reason cds do not have repeated playback nothing touches the disk Portion of welding during interval where welding current flowing__ heat-sub interval Robotics is a multidisciplinary subject which embracing the elements ____ mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, control theory A resistance welding that produces coalescence simultaneously with the entire area of abutting surfaces Flash Welding (FW) A robot that is controlled by driving the axes or degrees of freedom against the mechanical limit stop Bang-bang robot Generator used what kind of method to produce voltage? magnetic What is radio-frequency oscillator? has most or all energy in single frequency What type of amplifier is most efficient? class C

----- unit that consist of two or more cell Center Transconductance is expressed as change in drain current to change in gate voltage Bleeder resistor connected in parallel with filter capacitor A crystal set requires no oscillator The current in a JFET is not affected by which of the following transconductance The substrate is deposited in a material made of insulator Hybrid Circuit An electronic flash device in which flash duration is very short Strobotac A toothed belt: is also known as timing belt In general, the greater the absolute value of the impedance in a circuit: the larger the reactance The robot can produce a range of facial expression... kismet CDs are not generally for recording: via magnetic field GaAs is a(n): compound In a ROM: it is easy to get data out, but hard to put it in In a RAM: it is easy to get data out, and put it in In a NPN circuit, the collector: is negative w/ respect to emitter The purpose of I layer in PIN diode: minimize the diode capacitance What is used for precise measurement of resistance: wheatstone bridge A tube w/ three grids: pentode A typical audio recording tape thickness is: 1mil Shunts is made up of what alloy: manganin

The power supply used in MIG welding: DCRP Which of the diodes types might be found in oscillator circuit in a microwave radio transmitters: IMPATT diode The output of r-s flip flop is also known as: set & reset The current in cell with no external load Local action The advantage of JK over RS flip flop The output of JK is predictable A tube with cold cathode There is no filament Holes flow from Plus to minus To rotate about a vertical axis Yaw The set of independent displacements that specify completely the displaced or deformed position of the body or system. Degrees of freedom What is the power supply voltage for integrated series circuit? 5V What is the output of a half-wave rectifier? the effective voltage is less than that of the ac input wave Which of the following is NOT function of fuse? to ensure there is enough current available for an appliance to work right Phenomenon in which a material becomes more conductive due to the absorption of electro-magnetic radiation such as visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light Photoconductivity What number is the charged of an atom that appears oxidation number What is the ratio of an atom of one isotope having the same element? Abundance Ratio When wave X lags wave Y by 1/3 then wave Y is 120 degrees earlier than X It is also called Law of electric charge Coulombs Law

produces non-sinusoidal waveform multivibrator produces rectangular waveform Gating Circuit Anderson Bridge measure inductance in terms of resistance and capacitance; Improvement of Wien Maxwell Bridge Daisy Chaining determining inteript priority Step Recovery Diode harmonic generator Sulphation occurs during incomplete charging Heaviside Campbell Bridge Circuit measure self-inductance with mutual inductance Phantastron improvement of Miller Bridge De Sauty measures capacitance with two air capacitance .Miller Circuit converts step to ramp waveform Hay Bridge measure inductance with large phase angle Monostable increase propagation delay Inventor from dc to ac signal Astable oscillator with no stable state Oscillator uses positive feedback Bolometer measures temperature with reference to different resistance Ondograph measures current and voltage waveform Stroboscope measures speed using flickering light

Trickle Charging refreshed battery & fully charge Bench Charging car battery charging Floating Battery charge or stand by Floating Point mantissa, base and exponent Rise Time to increase from 10% to 90% Bootstrap Circuit provides constant current and constant voltage with a given resistance Electron Ballistic projectile of electron ho smallest parameter h1i measured in short circuit by v1 /i 1 dv/dt in SCR causes false triggering di/dt in SCR causes local hot spots 30.5 1 micron size of a transistors base Early Effect base narrowing Thin Film uses ceramic as substrate Thick Film uses alumina as substrate Monolithic IC 1 process Fermi probability of occurrence in outermost shell forbidden band

Fermi Dirac energy distribution to the electrons of crystal at constant temperature Linear Wave Shaping shaping of waveform using linear elements Candela unit for luminous intensity Half Wave contains odd harmonics symmetrical Schottky hot carrier diode fast switching no depletion region Gantry Robot uses for painting maneuverable Negative Temperature Coefficient examples: Carbon, Semiconductors, thermistor RC Circuit power factor ranges from 0 to 1 Transistor doubles every 10 degrees Celsius Resistors doubles every 6 degrees Celsius Varactor Capacitance inversely proportional to oscillator frequency inversely proportional to reverse voltage NAND Gate for SET 0, CLEAR 0 NOR Gate for SET 1, CLEAR 1 AND Gate series switch JS Kilby first to develop IC Ted Hoff microprocessor Microprocessor consist of ALU and CU

. CPU consist of ALU and CU D Counter consist of JK, RS and inverter counts from 0-9 then resets Darlington high impedance SCS anode, cathode & 2 gate terminal SCR anode, cathode and gate terminal 3 diode Speaker has impedance of 4 100 ohms Battery Ni-Ca: greater Rin Lead Acid: greater efficiency Largest Computer uses the word size of 64 bit Full adder adds 2 binary bit and a carry Half adder adds 2 binary digit and produces sum and carry consist on AND and XOR gate Relaxation Oscillator consist of 2 interdependent circuits in which the first controls the output of the second FET input gate current negligibly small similar property with thermionic bulb Common Collector voltage gain cannot exceed unity Class A amplifier current flows all the time Transformer Coupled Load increases efficiency for impedance matching Amplifier Efficiency Class A: 50% Class B: 78.5% Class C: 85%

Anthropomorphic most maneuverable Walk Through continuous path robot TTL fastest smallest propagation delay I 2L saturated logic MOSFET best electronic device for switching LASCR same construction with SCR but no gate terminal DEMOSFET differs from MOSFET because it has no PN Junction UJT acts as a diode and 2 resistor Barkhausen Criterion when not satisfied, the circuit will stop oscillating Double Energy Transient produces because of R L and C Electric Flux Density unit: Coulomb per meter square Magnetic Flux unit: Weber Saturation voltage of Op-Amp is usually 2V smaller than power supply voltage Class B motor operates at 130 degrees Celsius Class F motor operates at 150 degrees Celsius Conductivities Silver: 108.8% Gold: 72.5% Aluminum: 63% Ohmmeter a meter w/c requires its own power source

Zinc Container

 serves as a cathode for dry cells Zinc and Copper pair of metals w/c are used for wet-acid cell Bias constant error present in full stable measurement of instrument SMPS(Switch Mode Power Supply) dc to dc converter with regulated output 10 40 kHz Transformer core laminated to minimize eddy current loss Hysteresis gives op-amp immunity to noise 10 % - 20% higher required replacement working voltage when replacing a capacitor Wide Bandwidth Amplifier an amplifier w/c has poor selectivity Combinational Logic Amplifier used in creating semiconductor ROM Damping Factor determines the filter response characteristic Solid Grounding adopted for voltage below 600 V Gauss Theorem for Magnetic Flux magnetic flux in any discrete surface is equal to zero Rheostat it can handle more power than potentiometer Ferranti Effect can be seen for long transmission lines Flywheel Effect occurs at oscillation Avalanche Effect occurs at diode Frenkel Effect vacant lattice sites wherein a missing atom is relocated in a location in w/c an atom should not be found misalignment of electron to hole Vacancy Defect missing atom Bravais Lattice a lattice w/c only shows the lattice points in a crystal

Dynamic Resistance resistance at the pn junction under ac condition Potential Gradient in a cable, it is maximum at the conductor and minimum in the outer sheath Impracticality of High Voltage Cell because there isnt any real need for such thing Cold Welding pressure welding Program Counter points the next command Instruction Register holds the present command Lightning Arrester placed near the transformer Orthogonal Nulling effect in which input affects output but output cannot affect input 1 dB smallest change in sound that can perceive by human ear Weston Saturated Cell reference cell Galvanized Steel used to ground electric wires Manipulator robot arm Storage Oscilloscope used to display responses for long duration of studying purpose IEEE 488 most important standard for digital interface Atomic Mass unit reciprocal of Avogadros Number 1.6607 x 10 -27 kg Skin Effect only at high frequency Pre-Amplifier voltage amplifier Electronic Oscillator OP-Amp + Feedback Elliptical bandstop with sharp notch

LASCR also called latch SCR with no gate terminal D Flip Flop binary counter FET thermionic valve Gimmick Capacitance capacitance made by twisted wire Gratz Rectifier 3 phase full wave rectifier made with 6 rectifying elements 2mm repeatability of servo-motor 5.6 V zener diode that will result to best stability 3.5 6 dB noise figure of MMIC Fuzzy Logic totally true to totally false Monolithic IC made from passive and active component Film IC made from passive component only Air Core used for 95 Mhz Torroid Core used for 400 kHz Optoisolator / Optocoupler LED + phototransistor Bistable it composes the flip flop JK and SC Flip flop toggle switch is the only difference Handshake used in information transfer in I/O port EAPROM degrade every reading Word 16 byte

Double 32 byte Nibble 4 bits Byte 2 nibble Gold Doping reduced storage time Hot Carrier Ammeter measures AC &DC current DIAC 2 pairs of SCR Punch Through Effect when Vce exceeds active region, breakdown occurs Nimak Gantry Robot most precise positioning Trinary Logic redirects all to neutral region Persistor superconducting element Thermistor most common used bolometer Pilot Cell indicates the condition of the entire battery Transistor Transient transition from one steady state to another in a transistor Analog IC linear changes Digital IC discrete changes Equalizing Charge used for battery to return to original state Hall Effect used to classify P and N type Silicon Oxide for isolation 50 Vac > 5V PIV breakdown occur 3 buses requirement for the microcontroller to function

ferromagnetic core suitable for 0.1 H inductance thickness of arc weld when an electroslag material is increased 500 V capacity of an electrolytic capacitor 1 mil audio recording tape thickness peripheral equipment necessary equipment for robotic system decreased susceptance when the frequency of the capacitance will increased storage imaging a robot when employs two cameras to determine the location of the object in 3D vacuum end effector an end effector that are able to hold electronic material and large objects like cars windscreen tinning coating of a material after it was soldered turbine driven rotor a type of rotor that is wounded with high speed motor foream joints of arm and elbows 0-1mA,60,Hz ac & 0-4mA dc probable effect is perception saturation the base is negative with respect to the emitter Electric Motors actuators mostly used in robots Inductance Bridge to measure the unknowninductance Function the switch located in lower left of the multimeter Frequency Synthesizer it uses divider Cincinatti T3 machine processes robot IN368 a diode with blue, orange and gray band

Pedestal Robot also known as floor mounted robot Shell Method in Transformer Winding provides maximum coupling Barrier the electrostatic field that must be overcome by electron and holes to cross the junction Zener diode also known as avalanche diode Elbow the joint that connects the upper arm and forearm Accuracy the ability of the robot to position the end effector in programmed location in space 1 mil thickness of magnetic tapes Automatic Welding Sub-intervals squeeze weld hold release standby Heat sub-interval current is flowing Armstrong trickle charging Wheatstone bridge measures resistance CDs compared to magnetic tapes, nothing touches it Cool interval no current is flowing Audio parallel with the edges Video diagonal

Shoulder

 connects the arm to the base Pleo dinosaur toy robot Overhead welding hazardous Cathode of lead-acid sponge lead Anode of lead-acid lead peroxide Actuator muscle of robot; converts energy to power ZMP used by Asimo Disadvantage of CMOS cannot handle high power Crystal has no battery Depletion region no charge Yaw angular displacement about an axis is perpendicular to the line of motion Programming continuous-path robot is usually done by a method called _____ through Walk In an oscillator, should be just enough to retain oscillation feedback Welding Group of welding process which produces coalescence by means of heat obtained from resistance to electron current through work parts held together by electrode pressure. Muscular Inhibition Human effect of 21 to 40 mA, 60 Hz AC or 80 to 160 mA, DC A multimeter has two selector switches, the one on the lower left is called _____ switch Function Good stability Advantage of grounded-grid power amplifier

Robot structure usually mostly mechanical can be called _____ Kinematic chain TTL Digital IC that is least susceptible to noise Soldering Group of joining process which produce coalescence by means of heat obtained from a suitable temperature whose filler material is not to exceed a liquidus of 450C and lower than the solidus of the base material Advantage of compiler over an interpreter can be stored and reused 10-to-1 ratio Back-to-Forward ratio of resistance for good quality diode In an RC circuit, to attain a linear response for the capacitor, Vc should be _____ of the voltage supplied 10% In a power supply, directly after the regulator is a _____ Filter Direct Kinematics It is the computation for the final position of the end effector where the joint values are given Number of commutator segments in a two-coil generator Four In a P type material, electrons are Minority carriers Photoelectric voltage Voltage due to light Off-line programming It is the robot programming without the use of the robot itself Analog Control It is a robot control system process done by measuring the voltage, resistance, rotation, etc Stroboscope Instrument used to view rotating objects and has an optical effect of slowing or stopping motion Cable It is generally one and applies only to large size conductors Upper arm Part/Portion of a jointed arm that is connected to the shoulder

Armature reaction It takes place when an armature current turns the armature into an electromagnet Domain theory Theory of magnetism which uses the electron-spin principle RC plane every point is a unique combination of resistance and reactance Oxy Fuel Gas Welding Group of welding process which produces coalescence by means of heating a material using oxy fuel gas flames Work Envelope Set of points representing the maximum reach of a robot tool in each direction E7018 Electrode that is also known as low hydrogen electrode and can work as either AC or DC value of Xc decreases negatively If the capacitor plate size decreases and everything else remains constant When viewing animated objects having fast motion, you should use Monitor In the American Welding Society (AWS) in 1/8 E7018, E stands for _____ Arc Welding Electrode Country with the highest ratio of robot workers to human workers Japan _____ welding means the use of inert gas Metal Inert Gas (MIG) heat sub-interval time when the heat is applied to the surface Barrette a bolometer in which the resistance increases as dissipated heat increases thermistor a bolometer in which the resistance decreases with increase in heat dissipated Large Man Sized Robot uses direct drive and with z-axis

Thermal Inertia For gases it is useful to distinguish between volumetric heat capacity at constant volume and at constant pressure. st 1 GenerationRobot with very minimal computer application and uses analog source A toothed belt is also known as timing belt In general, the greater the absolute value of the impedance in a cicuit: the larger the reactance CDs are not generally for recording: via magnetic field In a ROM: it is easy to get data out, but hard to put it in In a RAM: it is easy to get data out, and put it in In a NPN circuit, the collctor: is negative w/ respect to emitter The purpose of I layer in PIN diode: minimize the diode capacitance What is used for precise measurement of resistance: wheatstone bridge A tube w/ three grids: pentode Shunts is made up of what alloy: manganin Salient pole rotor rotor for slow speed alternators Accuracy ability of a robot to position its end reflector on a programmed location in space Circinnati T3 Robot robots used for machining process Batch manufacturing production of parts of materials in discrete time and batch In dual diode model of NPN Transistor, the emitter is either of the diode cathodes mounted robot or pedestal robot a robot that has its base permanently attached to the floors or benches

Frequency Synthesizer uses voltage divider DCSP usesbase deep inside penetration Gripper the end-effector which has on its manifestations consisting of just 2 fingers able to open or close and pick-up or set free a range of small objects Elbow connects upper arm to forearm of a robot IW368 a diode that has an orange, blue, or gray bands usually. When both inputs of an R-S flip flop are 0, the outputs stay as they are Power dissipated by a reactance imaginary power In robotics, the vast majority of robots has actuators using electric motors In_____arc is produced between the heated non consumable tungsten electron and the metal being welded TIG welding What source current in shielded Metal Arc welding results into faster deposit rate but with minimum penetration? DC STRAIGHT In purely resistive circuit, power factor is 1. The meter movement on a illumination meter measures current A voltaic pile is a semiconductor ROM Why CMOS digital integrated circuits have a high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply? it is because the input switching threshold is about the power supply voltage. What circuitry is required in a 100 khz crystal controlled marker generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 khz? flipflop The characteristic function of a mono stable multivibrator , is that it would first generate opposite binary pulses and then it would return back after a set time to its original form.

During welding or weld interval, when welding current flows on a circuit it is said to be at heat sub interval. What kind of tube maintains constant voltage with changing current? a gas filled regulator What is the power gain of an amplifier with an input power of 0.2 w and an output power of 80 w? 10 log (80/20) A 20 uf capacitor is connected on a 45 v battery with a resistance of 2000 ohms. What is the charge Q of the capacitor, (Q = CV) A buck converter that has an average power of 20 W with a load voltage of 12V and a duty cycle of 0.8 with a continous inductor current, what are the average values of the input voltage and current. Ans. Vi = 12 V, Ii = 1.3333A Gallium arsenide disadvantage is expensive to produce. Smallest particle of that element that retains the characteristic of that element ATOM (sana lumabas sa board hehe) R.A. 8792 E-commerce act of the Philippines Cations are smaller than their parent atom Van der Waals equation of state modification of ideal gas sometimes use in high pressure. April 17, 2004 R.A. 9292 was approved. One pound mole of oxygen is 32 pounds One electron has a charge equal to 96500 C CCITT Rec. G 152 standard w/c utilizes the use of intermodulation noise rates in PCM audio channels. Servocontrolled robot robot capable of stopping or moving through a particular unlimited no. of joints through its axis of motion particularly the wrist. Armstrong oscillator uses tickler coil for feedback. Klystron noted as high achievable output power.

EXX3X (AWS) welding electrode designation w/c uses flat welding. Cluster unites of data on a hard drive. Scara especially designed for assembly operations. 0.6V breakover voltage of a silicon diode. Projection welding regarded as a mass production of plot welding. EPROM type of IC w/c is physically removed from the ckt to have its memory content changed. Magnetic discs have an advantage of faster data storage and retrieval over magnetic tapes. Anthropomorphic robot arm is widely used in spray painting bec is is more maneuverable. Zinc cathode of a silver zinc cell. When a diode is forward biased, the anode is positive relative to cathode A series ckt consisting of LED, current limiting resistor,a 5V dc,Vs. Calc R to make an illuminance intensity of 1mcd. Id=Iv/40;V=IRd+1.6 A 12V car battery has a capacity of 80Ah. It furnishes a current of 80A for 1hr,40A for 2hrs and so forth. How much energy is stored in the battery if fully charged. W=IVt Persistor is a semiconducting thin-film memory element consisting of a semiconducting inductor in parallel w/ a switch element normally semiconducting but becomes resistive when current exceeds critical value. One time constant term for the time required for current in a RL ckt to load up to 63.5% of max value. Interpreter software tool that executes high level language program one statement at a time.

Polystyrene type of capacitor should be placed to a high stability op amp RC active filter. CMOS stands for Complimentary Metal Oxide Semiconductor. Electrostatic Force force bet to electrically charge bodies A DC generator designed to act as an high gain amplifier Amplidyne An amplifier that produces the least type of distortion, class A In robotics, what is considered as a promising early stage experimental technology of actuators, electronanotube A resistance welding process that operates at a frequency of 10,000 to 500,000 hz, High Frequency Resistance Welding (HFRW). A graphic equalizer is a form of tone control A robot capable of stopping at or moving through a particular infinite number of points in executing a programmed trajectory, Servo Controlled Robot. A motor whose rotor is activated by a DC voltage, and is characterized by constant speed, Synchronous Motor