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CHAPTER 1 THE SCIENCE OF PHYSICS What is Physics? I. The Topic of Physics 1. Name the major topics of Physics A.

______________ B. ______________ C. ______________ D. ______________ E. ______________ other. ______________ 2. give an example of each of the topics

Measurements in Experimentation I. Numbers in Measurement 1. What are the three base dimension and their units? 2. How many seconds are in 2.36 hours? 3. Convert 32.5 mm to km. 4. List the derived units that we have used for force, energy, work, and power. Accuracy and Precision 1. What is accuracy?

II.

2. What is precision?

The Language of Physics I. Mathematics and Physics 1. What do directly proportional to, inversely proportional to, and inversely proportional to the square of, mean?

Chapter 2 Motion in One Dimension Displacement and Velocity I. Motion 1. What is a frame of reference? 2. What is displacement? In what unit is it measured? 3. True or False (circle one) Displacement can be positive or negative.

II.

Velocity 1. Define velocity. 2. Give the equation for determining velocity. 3. True or False (circle one) Velocity is a scalar quantity.

4. What units are used to describe velocity? Pg. 68/ 1, 2, 4, 7, 8 Acceleration I. Changes in Velocity 1. Define acceleration. 2. Give the equation for determining acceleration, show how the units are equal to m/s/s. 3. True or False (circle one) Acceleration can be negative or positive. II. Motion with Constant Acceleration 1. Give the equations for constantly accelerated straight line motion

2. If a car has positive velocity and a negative acceleration, what is it doing? 3. If a car is moving to the east, but slowing down, will the cars acceleration be positive to the east or to the west? Pg. 69/ 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 Falling Objects I. Free Fall 1. True or False (circle one) All falling bodies undergo a constant acceleration in the absence of air resistance. 2. Is it possible to fall up? Pg. 70/ 26, 30, 31

CHAPTER 3 TWO DIMENSIONAL MOTION AND VECTORS Introduction to Vectors I. Scalars and Vectors

1. What is a scalar? A vector? Give examples of each. 2. True or False (circle one) The sum of two vectors is called a resultant. II. Properties of Vectors 1. Be sure to understand the importance of the bold text on Pgs 84 and 85.

Pg. 108/ 8 (dont use graphical), 10, 12 Vector Operations I. Coordinate Systems in Two Dimensions 1. Know the directions of the compass that coordinate with positive and negative values. Understand the quadrants of a coordinate system. II. Determining Resultant Magnitude and Direction 1. Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the ____________ of a resultant. 2. Draw 35 degrees S of W on the graph below.

III.

Resolving Vectors into Component 1. What does it mean to resolve a vector into its components? 2. What are the x and y components of a resultant vector R = 240 m/s at 70 degrees E of N?

Adding Vectors that are not Perpendicular 1. If you have two vectors that are not perpendicular or parallel A. resolve each vector into its x and y components B. find the resultants of the collection of x components and the collection of y components C. The x and y resultants are perpendicular, use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the resultant and the tangent to find the direction Pg. 109/ 21, 23, 24, 26

IV.

Projectile Motion I. Two-Dimensional Motion 1. When an object in projectile motion is at the top of its path, what is its vertical and horizontal speed, v and h acceleration, and v and horizontal position? (use absolutes like max, zero, of , g, constant) 2. A rock is thrown upward from a window in a tall building at a speed of 20 m/s at the same time a rock is thrown down from the same window at 20 m/s. A. Which will hit the ground with the highest velocity? B. Which will hit the ground first? C. Does the upwardly thrown ball have a higher acceleration than the other? Pg. 109/ 27, 31, 33 CHAPTER 4 FORCES AND THE LAWS OF MOTION Changes in Motion I. Force 1. What is a force? 2. What are the units of force and how do we know this? It is a scalar or vector quantity? 3. Describe field and contact forces.

II.

Force Diagrams 1. Draw a free body diagram of a student sitting in a chair.

Pg. 145/ 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11 Newtons First Law I. Inertia 1. What is inertia? What is inertia a measure of ? 2. State Newtons First Law of Motion

3. Which has the higher tendency to remain at rest, or remain in motion, a kg of feathers or a kg of rocks?

II.

Equilibrium 1. What is equilibrium?

2. In what two situations may equilibrium exist?

Pg. 145/ 1, 2, 5, 7, 9, 11 Newtons Second and Third Laws I. Newtons Second Law 1. What equation can be used to describe Newtons Second Law? 2. A net force F is applied to a mass M and the mass is accelerated at a rate A. What is the acceleration of a mass 5M when the same force F is applied? II. Newtons Third Law 1. State Newtons Third Law.

2. What is the reaction pair to a basketball exerting a force onto a wall? 3. True or False (circle one) Field forces do not exist in pairs. Pg. 146/ 15, 19, 20, 22 Everyday Forces I. Weight 1. What is weight? What units are used to describe weight? 2. Given the weight of an object on earth, how might one determine the mass of an object? II. The Normal 1. Define the normal force. 2. If a 100 kg box is lying on a warehouse floor. A worker attempts to lift the box by applying an upward force of 450 N, what is the normal that is applied to the box by the floor? III. Friction 1. What is friction?

2. True or False (circle one) Static friction is always less than kinetic friction. 3. Give the equations for determining the coefficient of friction for static and kinetic friction situations. What units are used to describe the coefficient of friction?

Pg. 146/ 24, 27, 30, 31, 35

STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 5 WORK AND ENERGY Work I.

Definition of Work 1. Define work. 2. In each of the following determine if work is done by the force, and if it is negative or positive. A. Your brakes slowing your car to a stop. B. Your engine moving your car from a complete stop to 10 m/s. C. The normal pushing up on a box as you drag the box across the level floor. D. The force of friction resisting the motion of a box sliding down a ramp. E. Gravity pulling down on a book as you lift it to the top shelf. F. You holding open a door. 3. Give the equation for determining work. What are the units for determining work?

Pg. 184/ 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9 Energy I. Kinetic Energy 1. Kinetic energy is the energy associated with a body in _______________. 2. Kinetic energy depends on what two quantities? 3. Show that the equation KE= mv^2 yields the units of Joules.

II.

Work-Kinetic Energy Theorem 1. Describe the work-kinetic energy theorem.

2. Looking to Item #2 under the Definition of Work above, is the work-kinetic energy theorem verified? A. Yes/No B. Yes/No C. Yes/No

D. Yes/No E. Yes/No F. Yes/No III. Potential Energy A. Gravitational Potential Energy 1. Gravitational potential energy is dependent upon an objects ___________ and its ___________. 2. Give the equation for determining gravitational potential energy. What does each variable represent? 3. Rank the following situations in increasing PE. a. 2 kg brick in someones hand b. a kid on a diving board c. 0.25 kg calculator resting on a desktop d. a car at 40 m/s B. Elastic Potential Energy 1. Elastic Potential Energy is dependent upon two factors as well. What are these two factors?

2. What units are used to describe the spring constant, k?

3. Give a few examples of objects that have elastic potential energy.

Pg. 184/11, 13, 19, 21, 24, 25 Conservation of Energy I. Conservation of Energy 1. State the Law of Conservation of Energy

2. True or False (circle one) When an object falls from a height and its Potential energy decrease the energy loss is turned into work. Pg. 186/28, 30, 31, 33 Power I. Rate of Energy Transfer 1. Define Power. 2. Give the equation used to determine power. What are the units for power? 3. True or False (circle one) No power is required to move a book from a bottom to a top shelf. 4. In which situation is the work done more powerfully done?

a. a crane lifts a 3,000 kg load 20 m in 1.00 minutes b. a crane lifts a load 5,000 kg load 15 m in 2.00 minutes Pg. 186/35

CHAPTER 6 MOMENTUM AND COLLISIONS Momentum and Impulse I. Linear Momentum 1. What is momentum? How does it differ from energy? Why is momentum similar to energy?

2. True of False (circle one) Momentum is a vector quantity. 3. Give the equation for determining momentum. What units are used to describe momentum? II. Impulse 1. What is impulse?

2. State the impulse-momentum theorem and give its equation.

3. Rank the following situations in order of increasing impulse. A. Stopping a 1,500 kg car from an initial speed of 20 m/s in 6 seconds B. Accelerating a 1,500 kg car from 10 m/s to the east to 15 m/s to the east in 15 seconds C. Keeping a 2,000 kg car moving at 10 m/s during 17 seconds D. While juggling a 0.5 kg ball, gravity reversing the speed of the ball from 10 m/s upward to 10 m/s downward over 2.0 seconds 4. While trying to stop your car the harder you apply the breaks, the ___________ the time is needed to stop the car. Pg. 223/ 2, 5, 7, 12, 13 Conservation of Momentum I. Momentum is Conserved 1. For two objects involved in a collision give the equation for the conservation of energy. 2. True or False (circle one) The impulse-momentum theorem is violated by the conservation of momentum. Pg. 224/ 15, 19, 22, 23

Elastic and Inelastic Collision I. Collisions 1. Perfectly inelastic A. Describe a perfectly inelastic collision. B. In a perfectly inelastic collision, kinetic energy is not conserved, where does the energy go? 2. Elastic Collisions A. Describe an elastic collision.

B. True or False (circle one) Kinetic energy in not conserved in an elastic collision.

Pg. 224/ 24, 25, 28, 32, 33

CHAPTER 7 CIRCULAR MOTION AND GRAVITATION Circular Motion I. Centripetal Acceleration 1. Compare and contrast tangential and centripetal directions.

2. Centripetal acceleration can occur with a constant speed because it is based on a change in ______________. 3. Give the equation for determining centripetal acceleration. What are the units for centripetal acceleration? II. Centripetal Force 1. How are centripetal force and centripetal acceleration related?

2. Two ants of the same mass are on the surface of a spinning record. Ant 1 is next to the spindle and Ant 2 is at the edge of the record. Which ant experiences more centripetal force? Pg. 263/ 1, 7, 8, 9 Newtons Law of Universal Gravitation I. Gravitational Force

1. True or False (circle one) Gravity is a field force. 2. Give the equation for the universal law of gravitation. What are the units of the value G? 3. If two objects experience a gravitation force F at a distance d away from one another, what force will they experience if the are separated by a distance of d/4? Pg. 263/ 14, 16, 18 Motion in Space I. Keplers Laws 1. Keplers three laws describe the motion of ______________. 2. When a planet orbits its star, what force supplies the acceleration needed to keep the planet from moving in a tangential path? Pg. 264/ 20 Torque and Simple Machines I. Rotational Motion 1. How are rotational and translational motion related? II. The magnitude of Torque 1. Give the equation for determining torque. What does each variable represent? 2. Why are door levers used in retirement homes instead of door knobs?

III.

The sign of Torque 1. True or False (circle one) Torques that create counter-clockwise motion are considered positive torques. Simple Machines 1. Identify some simple machines.

IV.

2. What is the benefit of using a simple machine? What is a disadvantage?

3. What is Mechanical Advantage?

Pg. 264/ 30, 33, 37

CHAPTER 8 FLUID MECHANICS

Fluids and Buoyant Force I. Defining a fluid 1. What defines a liquid or gas a fluid?

II.

Density and Buoyant Force 1. Give the equation for determining the density of a material. What units describe density?

2. Define buoyant force and/or Archimedes Principle.

3. What is the net force acting on an object that floats?

Pg. 288/ 8, 9, 23

Fluid Pressure I. Pressure 1. Pressure is _________________ per unit ___________________. 2. True or False (circle one) The unit of pressure is the N/m. 3. What is the significance of Pascals principle?

4. As the depth in a fluid increases what happens to the pressure associated with that depth? Give the equation that demonstrates this relationship.

Pg. 288/ 16, 21

Fluids in Motion I. Fluid Flow 1. In physics we discuss the flow of ideal fluids. What are the characteristics of ideal fluids?

II.

Principles of Fluid Flow 1. The continuity equation is based on what universal truth? 2. If an output section of a pipe is half of the diameter of the input diameter, how many times faster will the fluid flow through the narrow output in comparison to the input? 3. State Bernoullis Principle. What is the significance of Bernoullis Principle?

Pg. 289/ 28

CH 9 Objectives

A. Conceptual
Section 1 1. Define temperature 2. Relate temperature and thermal energy with KMT 3. Understand thermal equilibrium 4. Identify temperature scales Section 2 1. Define/identify heat as the transfer of energy 2. Relate heat and temperature change to KMT 3. Identify changes in PE, KE, and U Section 3 1. Define specific heat

B. Mathematical
Section 1 1. Convert temperatures between scales 2. Convert temperature differences between scales Section 2 1. Use the conservation of energy to evaluate changes in PE, KE, and U Section 3 1. Use specific heat capacity equation to evaluate heat, mass, temperature changes in a mass 2. Use the concept of calriometry to evaluate heat, mass, temperature changes in two or more masses 3. Use latent heat equation to evaluate changes in phase of matter of a mass

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