Unit I: Environment-

Environmental Studies Detailing of syllabus

Definition, Components of environment- atmosphere, Layers of atmosphere (Troposphere, Stratosphere and Thermosphere), biosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. Eco systemDefinition, producers, consumers and decomposers. Ecosystem components-biotic, abiotic, hydrological cycle, balanced eco- system, food chain, food web Human activities- The Anthropo System- human activities like growing food, building shelter and other activities for economy and social security. Unit II: Effects of human activities on environmentAgricultureAdverse effects of agriculture- soil erosion, contamination of water due to use of chemical fretilisers and pesticides, water logging-definition, bad effects and remedies. Organic farming- definition, advantages of organic farming Housinguse of large volume of materials for building industry and transportation of materials to construction sites causing high rate of consumption of natural resources, IndustryAdverse effects of industry on environment- leading to land, water and air pollution- consumption of natural resources MiningAdverse effects of mining on environment- air pollution, damage to land and forest, noise pollution Transportation activities- Adverse effects on environment- air pollution, consumption of natural resources like petrol, diesel at faster rate Environmental Impact Assessment- EIA definition, objectives and benefits of EIA Sustainable development- Definition, objectives Unit III: Natural resourcesWater resourcesAvailability-

Global water resources distribution. Use of water for irrigation, domestic and industrial purposes in India.

Quality aspects- BIS standards (IS 10500 -2003) for drinking water for turbidity, pH value, total hardness, iron, fluoride, lead, arsenic, nitrate and MPN. Water borne diseases- definition and common diseases and their causatives.

Water induced disease- definition and examples Fluoride problem in drinking water Mineral resoures- Metallic minerals , Nonmetallic mineralscoal and petroleum Forest Wealth Components of the forest. Key benefits of forests. Deforestation-Environmental effects of deforestation and remedies Material cylces Carbon, Nitrogen & Sulphur cycles. UNIT IV Energy Different types of energyNon Renewable energy- Fossil fuels-Coal, Oil & Natural Gas- Brief description only. Nuclear energy- Nuclear power plants, Renewable Energy Solar energy- Photovoltaic systems for street and domestic lighting, Solar water heating- Brief description only. Wind energy- defintion, merits and demerits, Hydro Power- definition, merits and demerits. Biomass Energy- Definition, Sources of Bioenergy, Biogas, Biofuels, Indias position in renewable energy Hydrogen as an alternative future source of energy- brief scope, fuel cells

UNIT V Environmental pollution: Definition, Harmful effects related to public health. Water pollution: Definition, types and sources, Harmful effects Land pollution: Definition, effects, Types of municipal Solid waste Disposal (Sanitary land fills, Composting, incineration in brief) Noise pollution: Definition, sources, effects and control measures UNIT VI Current environmental issues of importance Population growth Definition, growth rate ,effects, remedies Urbanization-definition, environmental impacts and remedies Global warming and climate change concept of green house effect sources of green house gases effects and remedial measures of green house gases

Automobile pollution -sources , effects, prevention and control measures UNIT VII Acid rain: Definition, Causes and Effects, Control measures. Ozone Depletion: Definition, Causes, Effects and Control measures. Animal husbandry: Introduction, Purpose and Impact. UNIT VIII ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION: Different Acts Environmental Protection Act, Air & Water Acts, Wildlife and Forest Acts (Year of enactment & definition), Functions of Pollution Control Boards (SPCB & CPCB) NGOs : their Roles and responsibilities Environmental Education- Objectives & Principles Formal & Non-formal, Women education in India.