Importance Functions What it Does

Returns the average of selected

Rarely Used DAVERAGE
database entries
Counts the cells that contain numbers
Rarely Used DCOUNT
in a database
Rarely Used DCOUNTA Counts nonblank cells in a database
Extracts from a database a single
Rarely Used DGET record that matches the specified
criteria
Returns the maximum value from
Rarely Used DMAX
selected database entries
Returns the minimum value from
Rarely Used DMIN
selected database entries
Multiplies the values in a particular
Rarely Used DPRODUCT field of records that match the criteria
in a database
Estimates the standard deviation
Rarely Used DSTDEV based on a sample of selected
database entries
Calculates the standard deviation
Rarely Used DSTDEVP based on the entire population of
selected database entries
Adds the numbers in the field column
Rarely Used DSUM of records in the database that match
the criteria
Estimates variance based on a
Rarely Used DVAR sample from selected database
entries
Calculates variance based on the
Rarely Used DVARP entire population of selected
database entries

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Date and Time Functions (20)

Importance Functions What it Does
Returns the serial number of a
Interesting DATE
particular date (See lesson 22)
 Converts a serial number to a day
Interesting DAY
of the month (See lesson 22)
Converts a serial number to an
Interesting HOUR
hour (See lesson 22)
Converts a serial number to a
Interesting MINUTE
minute (See lesson 22)
Converts a serial number to a
Interesting MONTH
month (See lesson 22)
Returns the serial number of the
Interesting NOW current date and time (See lesson
22)
Converts a serial number to a
Interesting SECOND
second (See lesson 22)
Returns the serial number of a
Interesting TIME
particular time (See lesson 22)
Returns the serial number of
Interesting TODAY
today's date (See lesson 22)
Converts a serial number to a day
Interesting WEEKDAY
of the week (See lesson 22)
Converts a serial number to a year
Interesting YEAR
(See lesson 22)
Calculates the interval between
Interesting DATEDIF
two dates (See lesson 22)
Converts a date in the form of text
Rarely Used DATEVALUE
to a serial number
Calculates the number of days
Rarely Used DAYS360 between two dates based on a
360-day year
Returns the serial number of the
date that is the indicated number
Rarely Used EDATE
of months before or after the start
date
Returns the serial number of the
Rarely Used EOMONTH last day of the month before or
after a specified number of months
Returns the number of whole
Rarely Used NETWORKDAYS
workdays between two dates
Rarely Used TIMEVALUE Converts a time in the form of text
 to a serial number
Converts a serial number to a
Rarely Used WEEKNUM number representing where the
week falls numerically with a year
Returns the serial number of the
Rarely Used WORKDAY date before or after a specified
number of workdays
Returns the year fraction
representing the number of whole
Rarely Used YEARFRAC
days between start_date and
end_date

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Engineering Functions (40)

Importance Functions What it Does
Returns the modified Bessel function
Specialized BESSELI
In(x)
Specialized BESSELJ Returns the Bessel function Jn(x)
Returns the modified Bessel function
Specialized BESSELK
Kn(x)
Specialized BESSELY Returns the Bessel function Yn(x)
Specialized BIN2DEC Converts a binary number to decimal
Converts a binary number to
Specialized BIN2HEX
hexadecimal
Specialized BIN2OCT Converts a binary number to octal
Converts real and imaginary
Specialized COMPLEX
coefficients into a complex number
Converts a number from one
Specialized CONVERT
measurement system to another
Specialized DEC2BIN Converts a decimal number to binary
Converts a decimal number to
Specialized DEC2HEX
hexadecimal
Specialized DEC2OCT Converts a decimal number to octal
Specialized DELTA Tests whether two values are equal
Specialized ERF Returns the error function
Returns the complementary error
Specialized ERFC
function
Returns the double factorial of a
Specialized FACTDOUBLE
number
Tests whether a number is greater
Specialized GESTEP
than a threshold value
Converts a hexadecimal number to
Specialized HEX2BIN
binary
Converts a hexadecimal number to
Specialized HEX2DEC
decimal
Converts a hexadecimal number to
Specialized HEX2OCT
octal
Returns the absolute value
Specialized IMABS
(modulus) of a complex number
Returns the imaginary coefficient of
Specialized IMAGINARY
a complex number
Returns the argument theta, an
Specialized IMARGUMENT
angle expressed in radians
Returns the complex conjugate of a
Specialized IMCONJUGAT
complex number
Returns the cosine of a complex
Specialized IMCOS
number
Returns the quotient of two complex
Specialized IMDIV
numbers
Returns the exponential of a
Specialized IMEXP
complex number
Returns the natural logarithm of a
Specialized IMLN
complex number
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a
Specialized IMLOG10
complex number
Returns the base-2 logarithm of a
Specialized IMLOG2
complex number
Returns a complex number raised to
Specialized IMPOWER
an integer power
Specialized IMPRODUCT Returns the product of two complex
 numbers
Returns the real coefficient of a
Specialized IMREAL
complex number
Returns the sine of a complex
Specialized IMSIN
number
Returns the square root of a
Specialized IMSQRT
complex number
Returns the difference between two
Specialized IMSUB
complex numbers
Returns the sum of complex
Specialized IMSUM
numbers
Specialized OCT2BIN Converts an octal number to binary
Specialized OCT2DEC Converts an octal number to decimal
Converts an octal number to
Specialized OCT2HEX
hexadecimal

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Financial Functions (53)

Importance Functions What it Does
Returns the accrued interest for a
Specialized ACCRINT
security that pays periodic interest
Returns the accrued interest for a
Specialized ACCRINTM security that pays interest at
maturity
Returns the depreciation for each
Specialized AMORDEGRC accounting period by using a
depreciation coefficient
Returns the depreciation for each
Specialized AMORLINC
accounting period
Returns the number of days from
Specialized COUPDAYBS the beginning of the coupon period
to the settlement date
Returns the number of days in the
Specialized COUPDAYS coupon period that contains the
settlement date
Specialized COUPDAYSNC Returns the number of days from
 the settlement date to the next
coupon date
Returns the next coupon date after
Specialized COUPNCD
the settlement date
Returns the number of coupons
Specialized COUPNUM payable between the settlement
date and maturity date
Returns the previous coupon date
Specialized COUPPCD
before the settlement date
Returns the cumulative interest paid
Specialized CUMIPMT
between two periods
Returns the cumulative principal
Specialized CUMPRINC
paid on a loan between two periods
Returns the depreciation of an asset
Specialized DB for a specified period using the
fixed-declining balance method
Returns the depreciation of an asset
for a specified period using the
Specialized DDB
double-declining balance method or
some other method you specify
Returns the discount rate for a
Specialized DISC
security
Converts a dollar price, expressed
Specialized DOLLARDE as a fraction, into a dollar price,
expressed as a decimal number
Converts a dollar price, expressed
Specialized DOLLARFR as a decimal number, into a dollar
price, expressed as a fraction
Returns the annual duration of a
Specialized DURATION security with periodic interest
payments
Returns the effective annual interest
Specialized EFFECT
rate
Returns the future value of an
Specialized FV
investment (See lesson 23)
Returns the future value of an initial
Specialized FVSCHEDULE principal after applying a series of
compound interest rates
 Returns the interest rate for a fully
Specialized INTRATE
invested security
Returns the interest payment for an
Specialized IPMT
investment for a given period
Returns the internal rate of return
Specialized IRR
for a series of cash flows
Returns the interest paid during a
Specialized ISPMT
specific period of an investment
Returns the Macauley modified
Specialized MDURATION duration for a security with an
assumed par value of $100
Returns the internal rate of return
Specialized MIRR where positive and negative cash
flows are financed at different rates
Returns the annual nominal interest
Specialized NOMINAL
rate
Returns the number of periods for
Specialized NPER
an investmen (See lesson 23)t
Returns the net present value of an
investment based on a series of
Specialized NPV
periodic cash flows and a discount
rate
Returns the price per $100 face
Specialized ODDFPRICE value of a security with an odd first
period
Returns the yield of a security with
Specialized ODDFYIELD
an odd first period
Returns the price per $100 face
Specialized ODDLPRICE value of a security with an odd last
period
Returns the yield of a security with
Specialized ODDLYIELD
an odd last period
Returns the periodic payment for an
Specialized PMT
annuity (See lesson 23)
Returns the payment on the
Specialized PPMT principal for an investment for a
given period
Specialized PRICE Returns the price per $100 face
 value of a security that pays
periodic interest
Returns the price per $100 face
Specialized PRICEDISC
value of a discounted security
Returns the price per $100 face
Specialized PRICEMAT value of a security that pays interest
at maturity
Returns the present value of an
Specialized PV
investment
Returns the interest rate per period
Specialized RATE
of an annuity
Returns the amount received at
Specialized RECEIVED
maturity for a fully invested security
Returns the straight-line
Specialized SLN depreciation of an asset for one
period
Returns the sum-of-years' digits
Specialized SYD depreciation of an asset for a
specified period
Returns the bond-equivalent yield
Specialized TBILLEQ
for a Treasury bill
Returns the price per $100 face
Specialized TBILLPRICE
value for a Treasury bill
Specialized TBILLYIELD Returns the yield for a Treasury bill
Returns the depreciation of an asset
Specialized VDB for a specified or partial period using
a declining balance method
Returns the internal rate of return
Specialized XIRR for a schedule of cash flows that is
not necessarily periodic
Returns the net present value for a
Specialized XNPV schedule of cash flows that is not
necessarily periodic
Returns the yield on a security that
Specialized YIELD
pays periodic interest
Returns the annual yield for a
Specialized YIELDDISC discounted security; for example, a
Treasury bill
 Returns the annual yield of a
Specialized YIELDMAT security that pays interest at
maturity

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Information Functions (17)

Importance Functions What it Does
Returns TRUE if the value is any error
Essential ISERROR
value (See lesson 17)
Returns information about the
Interesting CELL formatting, location, or contents of a
cell (See lesson 24)
Returns a number corresponding to
Rarely Used ERROR.TYPE
an error type
Returns information about the current
Rarely Used INFO
operating environment
Rarely Used ISBLANK Returns TRUE if the value is BLANK
Returns TRUE if the value is any error
Rarely Used ISERR
value except #N/A
Rarely Used ISEVEN Returns TRUE if the number is even
Returns TRUE if the value is a logical
Rarely Used ISLOGICAL
value
Rarely Used ISNONTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is not text
Returns TRUE if the value is a
Rarely Used ISNUMBER
number
Returns TRUE if the value is the #N/A
Rarely Used ISNA
error value
Rarely Used ISODD Returns TRUE if the value is odd
Returns TRUE if the value is a
Rarely Used ISREF
reference
Rarely Used ISTEXT Returns TRUE if the value is text
Returns a value converted to a
Rarely Used N
number
Rarely Used NA Returns the error value #N/A
 Returns a number indicating the data
Rarely Used TYPE
type of a value

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Logical Functions (6)

Importance Functions What it Does
Specifies a logical test to perform (See
Essential IF
lesson 25)
Returns TRUE if all its arguments are
Interesting AND
TRUE (See lesson 25)
Reverses the logic of its argument (See
Interesting NOT
lesson 25)
Returns TRUE if any argument is
Interesting OR
TRUE (See lesson 25)
Rarely Used FALSE Returns the logical value FALSE
Rarely Used TRUE Returns the logical value TRUE

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Lookup and Reference Functions

(18)

* The Lookup functions (VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP and LOOKUP) are

rarely used by people who have discovered the much more powerful
SUMPRODUCT and INDEX/MATCH.
Importance Functions What it Does
Uses an index to choose a value
Essential INDEX from a reference or array (See
lesson 19)
Looks up values in a reference or
Essential MATCH
array (See lesson 19)
Returns a reference indicated by a
Interesting INDIRECT
text value (See lesson 26)
Returns a reference offset from a
Interesting OFFSET
given reference (See lesson 26)
Returns a reference as text to a
Interesting ADDRESS
single cell in a worksheet
 Returns the number of areas in a
Rarely Used AREAS
reference
Returns the column number of a
Rarely Used COLUMN
reference
Returns the number of columns in
Rarely Used COLUMNS
a reference
Chooses a value from a list of
Rarely Used CHOOSE
values
Rarely Used GETPIVOTDATA Returns data stored in a PivotTable
Looks in the top row of an array
and returns the value of the
Obsolete HLOOKUP
indicated cell (See why it is
obsolete)
Creates a shortcut or jump that
opens a document stored on a
Rarely Used HYPERLINK
network server, an intranet, or the
Internet
Looks up values in a vector or
Obsolete LOOKUP
array (See why it is obsolete)
Returns the row number of a
Rarely Used ROW
reference
Returns the number of rows in a
Rarely Used ROWS
reference
Retrieves real-time data from a
program that supports COM
automation (Automation : Façon de
travailler avec les objets d'une
Rarely Used RTD
application à partir d'une autre
application ou d'un autre outil de
développement. Autrefois appelée
OLE Automation, Automation es
Rarely Used TRANSPOSE Returns the transpose of an array
Looks in the first column of an
array and moves across the row to
Obsolete VLOOKUP
return the value of a cell (See why
it is obsolete)

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Mathematical Functions (58)

Importance Functions What it Does
Adds its arguments (See lesson
Essential SUM
27)
The most powerful and useful
Essential SUMPRODUCT function in Excel (See lesson
18)
Returns the absolute value of a
Interesting ABS
number (See lesson 27)
Rounds a number to a specified
Interesting ROUND
number of digits (See lesson 27)
Rounds a number up, away from
Interesting ROUNDUP
zero (See lesson 27)
Returns a subtotal of a filtered list
Interesting SUBTOTAL
or database (See lesson 20)
Truncates a number to an integer
Interesting TRUNC
(See lesson 27)
Returns the remainder from
Interesting MOD
division (See lesson 27)
Rounds a number down to the
Interesting INT
nearest integer (See lesson 27)
Returns the result of a number
Interesting POWER
raised to a power (See lesson 27)
Returns a positive square root
Interesting SQRT
(See lesson 27)
Rounds a number up to the
Rarely Used EVEN
nearest even integer
Returns e raised to the power of a
Rarely Used EXP
given number
Rounds a number down, toward
Rarely Used FLOOR
zero
Rounds a number down, toward
Rarely Used ROUNDDOWN
zero
Returns the greatest common
Rarely Used GCD
divisor
Rarely Used LCM Returns the least common multiple
Rarely Used ODD Rounds a number up to the
 nearest odd integer
Returns a number rounded to the
Rarely Used MROUND
desired multiple
Rarely Used PRODUCT Multiplies its arguments
Returns the integer portion of a
Rarely Used QUOTIENT
division
Returns a random number
Rarely Used RAND
between 0 and 1
Returns a random number
Rarely Used RANDBETWEEN
between the numbers you specify
Converts an arabic numeral to
Rarely Used ROMAN
roman, as text
Rarely Used SIGN Returns the sign of a number
Rounds a number to the nearest
Rarely Used CEILING integer or to the nearest multiple of
significance
Returns the number of
Rarely Used COMBIN combinations for a given number
of objects
Specialized ACOS Returns the arccosine of a number
Returns the inverse hyperbolic
Specialized ACOSH
cosine of a number
Specialized ASIN Returns the arcsine of a number
Returns the inverse hyperbolic
Specialized ASINH
sine of a number
Returns the arctangent of a
Specialized ATAN
number
Returns the arctangent from x- and
Specialized ATAN2
y-coordinates
Returns the inverse hyperbolic
Specialized ATANH
tangent of a number
Specialized COS Returns the cosine of a number
Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a
Specialized COSH
number
Specialized DEGREES Converts radians to degrees
Specialized FACT Returns the factorial of a number
Returns the natural logarithm of a
Specialized LN
number
Returns the logarithm of a number
Specialized LOG
to a specified base
Returns the base-10 logarithm of a
Specialized LOG10
number
Returns the matrix determinant of
Specialized MDETERM
an array
Returns the matrix inverse of an
Specialized MINVERSE
array
Returns the matrix product of two
Specialized MMULT
arrays
Returns the multinomial of a set of
Specialized MULTINOMIA
numbers
Specialized PI Returns the value of pi
Specialized RADIANS Converts degrees to radians
Returns the sum of a power series
Specialized SERIESSUM
based on the formula
Specialized SIN Returns the sine of the given angle
Returns the hyperbolic sine of a
Specialized SINH
number
Returns the square root of
Specialized SQRTPI
(number * pi)
Adds the cells specified by a given
Obsolete SUMIF criteria (See why it is rarely
used)
Returns the sum of the squares of
Specialized SUMSQ
the arguments
Returns the sum of the difference
Specialized SUMX2MY2 of squares of corresponding
values in two arrays
Returns the sum of the sum of
Specialized SUMX2PY2 squares of corresponding values in
two arrays
Specialized SUMXMY2 Returns the sum of squares of
 differences of corresponding
values in two arrays
Specialized TAN Returns the tangent of a number
Returns the hyperbolic tangent of
Specialized TANH
a number

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Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Statistical Functions (80)

* COUNTIF and SUMIF are rarely used by people who have

discovered the much more powerful SUMPRODUCT
Importance Functions What it Does
Counts how many numbers are in
Essential COUNT the list of arguments (See lesson
28)
Returns the average of its
Essential AVERAGE
arguments (See lesson 28)
Counts how many values are in
Interesting COUNTA the list of arguments (See lesson
28)
Returns the average of its
arguments, including numbers,
Interesting AVERAGEA
text, and logical values (See
lesson 28)
Returns the maximum value in a
Interesting MAX
list of arguments (See lesson 28)
Returns the maximum value in a
list of arguments, including
Interesting MAXA
numbers, text, and logical values
(See lesson 28)
Returns the minimum value in a list
Interesting MIN
of arguments (See lesson 28)
Returns the smallest value in a list
of arguments, including numbers,
Interesting MINA
text, and logical values (See
lesson 28)
Returns the rank of a number in a
Interesting RANK
list of numbers (See lesson 28)
 Counts the number of blank cells
Rarely Used COUNTBLANK
within a range
Counts the number of nonblank
cells within a range that meet the
Obsolete COUNTIF
given criteria (See why it is rarely
used)
Returns the average of the
Specialized AVEDEV absolute deviations of data points
from their mean
Returns the cumulative beta
Specialized BETADIST
probability density function
Returns the inverse of the
Specialized BETAINV cumulative beta probability density
function
Returns the individual term
Specialized BINOMDIST
binomial distribution probability
Returns the one-tailed probability
Specialized CHIDIST
of the chi-squared distribution
Returns the inverse of the one-
Specialized CHIINV tailed probability of the chi-squared
distribution
Specialized CHITEST Returns the test for independence
Returns the confidence interval for
Specialized CONFIDENCE
a population mean
Returns the correlation coefficient
Specialized CORREL
between two data sets
Returns covariance, the average of
Specialized COVAR
the products of paired deviations
Returns the smallest value for
which the cumulative binomial
Specialized CRITBINOM
distribution is less than or equal to
a criterion value
Returns the sum of squares of
Specialized DEVSQ
deviations
Returns the exponential
Specialized EXPONDIST
distribution
Returns the F probability
Specialized FDIST
distribution
 Returns the inverse of the F
Specialized FINV
probability distribution
Specialized FISHER Returns the Fisher transformation
Returns the inverse of the Fisher
Specialized FISHERINV
transformation
Returns a value along a linear
Specialized FORECAST
trend
Returns a frequency distribution as
Specialized FREQUENCY
a vertical array
Specialized FTEST Returns the result of an F-test
Specialized GAMMADIST Returns the gamma distribution
Returns the inverse of the gamma
Specialized GAMMAINV
cumulative distribution
Returns the natural logarithm of
Specialized GAMMALN
the gamma function, Γ(x)
Specialized GEOMEAN Returns the geometric mean
Returns values along an
Specialized GROWTH
exponential trend
Specialized HARMEAN Returns the harmonic mean
Returns the hypergeometric
Specialized HYPGEOMDIST
distribution
Returns the intercept of the linear
Specialized INTERCEPT
regression line
Specialized KURT Returns the kurtosis of a data set
Returns the k-th largest value in a
Specialized LARGE
data set
Returns the parameters of a linear
Specialized LINEST
trend
Returns the parameters of an
Specialized LOGEST
exponential trend
Returns the inverse of the
Specialized LOGINV
lognormal distribution
Returns the cumulative lognormal
Specialized LOGNORMDIST
distribution
Specialized MEDIAN Returns the median of the given
 numbers
Returns the most common value in
Specialized MODE
a data set
Returns the negative binomial
Specialized NEGBINOMDIST
distribution
Returns the normal cumulative
Specialized NORMDIST
distribution
Returns the inverse of the normal
Specialized NORMINV
cumulative distribution
Returns the standard normal
Specialized NORMSDIST
cumulative distribution
Returns the inverse of the
Specialized NORMSINV standard normal cumulative
distribution
Returns the Pearson product
Specialized PEARSON
moment correlation coefficient
Returns the k-th percentile of
Specialized PERCENTILE
values in a range
Returns the percentage rank of a
Specialized PERCENTRANK
value in a data set
Returns the number of
Specialized PERMUT permutations for a given number of
objects
Specialized POISSON Returns the Poisson distribution
Returns the probability that values
Specialized PROB
in a range are between two limits
Specialized QUARTILE Returns the quartile of a data set
Returns the square of the Pearson
Specialized RSQ product moment correlation
coefficient
Returns the skewness of a
Specialized SKEW
distribution
Returns the slope of the linear
Specialized SLOPE
regression line
Returns the k-th smallest value in
Specialized SMALL
a data set
Specialized STANDARDIZE Returns a normalized value
Estimates standard deviation
Specialized STDEV
based on a sample
Estimates standard deviation
Specialized STDEVA based on a sample, including
numbers, text, and logical values
Calculates standard deviation
Specialized STDEVP
based on the entire population
Calculates standard deviation
based on the entire population,
Specialized STDEVPA
including numbers, text, and
logical values
Returns the standard error of the
Specialized STEYX predicted y-value for each x in the
regression
Specialized TDIST Returns the Student's t-distribution
Returns the inverse of the
Specialized TINV
Student's t-distribution
Specialized TREND Returns values along a linear trend
Returns the mean of the interior of
Specialized TRIMMEAN
a data set
Returns the probability associated
Specialized TTEST
with a Student's t-test
Estimates variance based on a
Specialized VAR
sample
Estimates variance based on a
Specialized VARA sample, including numbers, text,
and logical values
Calculates variance based on the
Specialized VARP
entire population
Calculates variance based on the
Specialized VARPA entire population, including
numbers, text, and logical values
Specialized WEIBULL Returns the Weibull distribution
Returns the two-tailed P-value of a
Specialized ZTEST
z-test

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 Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet Text Functions (24)
Importance Functions What it Does
Joins several text items into one
Essential CONCATENATE
text item (See lesson 29)
Finds one text value within another
Interesting FIND
(case-sensitive) (See lesson 29)
Returns the leftmost characters
Interesting LEFT
from a text value (See lesson 29)
Returns the number of characters
Interesting LEN
in a text string (See lesson 29)
Returns a specific number of
characters from a text string
Interesting MID
starting at the position you specify
(See lesson 29)
Repeats text a given number of
Interesting REPT
times (See lesson 29)
Returns the rightmost characters
Interesting RIGHT
from a text value (See lesson 29)
Formats a number and converts it
Interesting TEXT
to text (See lesson 29)
Removes spaces from text (See
Interesting TRIM
lesson 29)
Converts a text argument to a
Interesting VALUE
number (See lesson 29)
Converts a number to text, using
Rarely Used BAHTTEXT
the ß (baht) currency format
Returns the character specified by
Rarely Used CHAR
the code number
Removes all nonprintable
Rarely Used CLEAN
characters from text
Returns a numeric code for the first
Rarely Used CODE
character in a text string
Converts a number to text, using
Rarely Used DOLLAR
the $ (dollar) currency format
Checks to see if two text values
Rarely Used EXACT
are identical
 Formats a number as text with a
Rarely Used FIXED
fixed number of decimals
Rarely Used LOWER Converts text to lowercase
Capitalizes the first letter in each
Rarely Used PROPER
word of a text value
Rarely Used REPLACE Replaces characters within text
Finds one text value within another
Rarely Used SEARCH
(not case-sensitive)
Substitutes new text for old text in
Rarely Used SUBSTITUTE
a text string
Rarely Used T Converts its arguments to text
Rarely Used UPPER Converts text to uppercase