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ENME 392 Statistics Final Exam Problem 2: The table below shows the data from a comparative test

cond cted between two t!pes of co"es# alon$ with s mmar! means and standard deviations%
N rma! " #e $u%%!y A!ternate " #e $u%%!y Test Number Efficiency Test Number Efficiency 1 98.649 2 99.5626 4 99.794 3 96.6727 5 98.885 6 98.4924 8 98.009 7 97.0059 9 98.27 10 96.7918 12 99.719 11 99.9202 13 96.337 16 96.5977 14 97.346 18 96.2397 15 101.203 19 96.5478 17 100.16 20 98.6172 Average yN 98.84 Average yA 97.64 sN 1.44 sA 1.37

&an the avera$e efficienc! when sin$ either t!pe of co"e be considered to the same at 9'( confidence) *al" thro $h the five steps of h!pothesis testin$% Note: +ss me e, al variances% a% Form late the h!potheses and specif! the possible choices -be caref l in the wa! !o define .o and .+/% .o: N 0 + .+: N 010 + b% Select the test proced re and test statistic% 2 stif! !o r choice -3N *456S/% Two tailed test beca se of the nat re of the h!potheses% Pop lation variance is not $iven% Therefore# se the t7statistic for the difference between means% c% Establish the si$nificance level and the acceptance and re8ection re$ions for the decision r le% =0.05; /2=0.025; 6F: 9:;9:7209< t-:%:2'#9</ 0 2%9:90tcrit

3f =tcalc=>=tcrit=# re8ect .o d% &omp te the val e of the test statistic%

sD =

9-9%AA/ 2 + 9-9%3@ / 2 = 9%9? 9: + 9: 2


= 9%9:

t=

9@%?A 9<%<A 9 9 9%9? + 9: 9:

e% Ma"e the decision 5e8ect .: f% *hat is the new efficienc! with the alternate co"e s ppl!)

2% + reporter finds that ' o t of 9:: randoml! selected hi$hwa! brid$es have serio s str ct ral deca!% + professor of civil en$ineerin$ wants to determine if that findin$ is consistent with the hi$hwa! departmentBs claim that no more than 9 percent of the brid$es are in need of emer$enc! str ct ral repairs% 3s he correct) -Cse 9'( level of si$nificance/% a% &an the normal approximation be sed in this case) no0 9::D:%:9 0 9 E '% Therefore the Normal approximation sho ld not be applied here% b% Form late the h!potheses and specif! the possible choices% Fet represent the tr e proportion of hi$hwa! brid$es needin$ str ct ral repairs# we will test the followin$ h!potheses: .o: <= 0.01 (the hi$hwa! department is correct/ .a: > 0.01 -the hi$hwa! department is not correct/ c% Select the test proced re and test statistic% The binomial distrib tion applies% The observed n mber of brid$es needin$ repair 5 is the test statistic%

d% &alc late the val e of the test statistic% This is $iven# 5 0 ' e% &alc late probabilit! val e and ma"e the decision% PrG5>0'H 0 9 I PrG5E0AH 0 9 I :%99?? 0 :%::3A The probabilit! of seein$ an observation of ' brid$es needin$ repair 5 is less than the specified si$nificance val e% Therefore re8ect the n ll h!pothesis% The Professor is wron$% Question 3% Perform a 2 factor experimental desi$n to determine the effects of temperat re -T/# concentration -&/# and catal!st -J/ on the brea"in$ stren$th -K/ of s!nthetic !arn% -Show all wor"/% T 0 temperat re at 9?:o# 9<:o & 0 concentration at 2:(# A:( J 0 catal!st + or L Experimental results:

Run 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

T 160 180 160 180 160 180 160 180

+ + + +

C K 20 A 20 A 40 + A 40 + A 20 B + 20 B + 40 + B + 40 + B + Low level coded by !"# level coded by +

y 60 = y--72 = y+-54 = y-+68 = y++52 = y--+ 83 = y+-+ 45 = y-++ 80 = y+++

&alc late the main and interaction effects% *rite the predictive e, ation with si$nificant independent variables at 99( &3

K ?: @2 'A ?< '2 <3 A' <: '9A < ?A%2'

T 79 9 79 9 79 9 79 9 92 A 23

& 79 79 9 9 79 79 9 9 72: A 7'

J 79 79 79 79 9 9 9 9 ? A 9%'

Tx& 9 79 79 9 9 79 79 9 ? A 9%'

TxJ 9 79 9 79 79 9 79 9 A: A 9:

&xJ 9 9 79 79 79 79 9 9 : A :

S m 6ivisor Effects

Tx&xJ 79 9 9 79 9 79 79 9 2 A :%'

T & J Tx& TxJ &xJ Tx&xJ

Seffect 0 23 7' 9%' 9%' 9: : :%'

:%' M9%?@@' M9%?@@' M9%?@@' M9%?@@' M9%?@@' M9%?@@' M9%?@@'

Si$nificant Si$nificant

t <# :%::' = 3%3'' t S effect = -:%'/-3%3''/ = 9%?@@'


2

Si$nificant

Regression Equation: Y = 64.25 + 0.5(23 ! 5" + #0 $%

Question 4: 6isc ss the followin$ , estions% a/ *hat wo ld be the difference between a 9'( confidence interval for a mean val e from a sample siNe of ?# from a pop lation with an n"nown standard deviation and nderl!in$ distrib tion and a 9'( confidence interval when the nderl!in$ pop lation distrib tion is "nown to be normal)

b/ Oive an example of a case -in prose/ where !o wo ld se the pper7tailed test and one where lower tailed test sho ld be sed% Explain wh! that is the appropriate choice in each case%

c/ *hat is a Pp7val eB) *hat is its relationship with tcalc) -6emonstrate with a drawin$ also%/ d/ Question 5: &onsider the problem of predictin$ $asoline milea$e K -in miles per $allon/% The independent variables are f el octane ratin$ Q9 and avera$e speed Q2 -miles per ho r/% The sample data provided in the table below were obtained from 2: test r ns with cars of the same ma"e driven with different f els and at different speeds%
&un 'as !ine (i!eage )m%g* +ctane Average $%ee, )m%-* $ %1 %2 1 24.8 88 52 2 30.6 93 60 3 31.1 91 58 4 28.2 90 52 5 31.6 90 55 6 29.9 89 46 7 31.5 92 58 8 27.2 87 46 9 33.3 94 55 10 32.6 95 62 11 30.6 88 47 12 28.1 89 58 13 25.2 90 63 14 35 93 54 15 29.2 91 53 16 31.9 92 52 17 27.7 89 52 18 31.7 94 53 19 34.2 93 54 20 30.1 91 58

The followin$ is the re$ression anal!sis from this data with a 9'( confidence level

Regression Statistics (u!ti%!e & 0.826226961 & $0uare 0.682650991 A,1uste, & $0uare 0.645315814 $tan,ar, Err r 1.635206025 +bservati ns 20 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value 363.53509778 15.7479337 34.034503764 0.00086043 1.178890404 0.195900087 6.017814598 1.3845E305 30.247426186 0.092082102 32.68701712 0.01559169

2nterce%t 41 42

-a/ 6efine 5 S, are# what does it sa! abo t this re$ression anal!sis) R &quare is t'e sample (oe))i(ient o) *etermination+ t'is is t'e proportion o) t'e ,ariation in t'e *epen*ent ,aria-le explaine* -. t'e regression mo*el+ an* is a measure o) t'e goo*ness o) )it o) t'e mo*el. /n t'is (ase it states t'at t'e a-ilit. to pre*i(t t'e mo*el -. using regression is a-out 601 (ompare* to not using t'e regression line. -b/ *hat does the P7Ral e sa! abo t Q9 and Q9) &in(e t'e 2!3alue )or -ot' 4# an* 42 are mu(' less t'an 51 (alp'a% t'e (oe))i(ients )or 4# an* 42 are signi)i(ant -c/ State he re$ression e, ation for this anal!sis Y = !63.53 + #.#56X1 7 0.245X2 A% Oiven the followin$ sums of the meas red data for a 2 replicate -n02/ 23 factorial experiment:
T . 30 " T . 100 " / . 40 N / . 70 N / . 40 N / . 70 N $ . 900 r%m 26 29 29 32 $ . 1800 r%m 31 33 35 41

a/ Place the above data in their appropriate locations in the table below%

" n,iti n $ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 Effects

/ 31 1 31 1 31 1 31 1 12 3 31 31 1 1 31 31 1 1 7 1.75

T 31 31 31 31 1 1 1 1 9 2.25

$5/ 1 31 31 1 1 31 31 1 1 0.25

/5T 1 1 31 31 31 31 1 1 2 0.5

$5T 1 31 1 31 31 1 31 1 3 0.75

$um f $5/5T res% nses Average 6re,icte, 31 26 13 33 13 1 31 15.5 30.5 15.5 1 29 14.5 31.5 14.5 31 33 16.5 0.5 16.5 1 29 14.5 31.5 14.5 31 35 17.5 1.5 17.5 31 32 16 0 16 1 41 20.5 4.5 20.5 2 32 16 'ran, (ean 0.5

b/ &alc late the main and interaction effects% c/ &alc late the confidence intervals for the main and interaction effects and determine which effects are si$nificant% -alpha 0 :%:'/ s2effect 0 :%'19 seffect 0 -:%'/9120:%@9S t-:%:2'#</02%3:? 0> &%3%: Effect M :%@9D2%3:? 0 Effect M 9%?3 4nl! the main effects are si$nificant% d/ *rite down the re$ression model for the above experiment% *hat is the val e predicted b! this model for S 0 9<:: rpm# F 0 A: N and T 0 9:: o&)
T = 9? + 9 ( 3 D S + 9%@' D F + 2%2' D T + :%2' D S D F + :%' D F D T + :%@' D S D T + :%' D S D F D T ) Y 2

K-9<::#A:#9::/ 0 9@%'

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