1) Which of the following states were settled by pioneers who shared the same religious beliefs? I. Pennsylvania II.

Virginia III. Utah I only II only I and II only I and III only I, II, and III 2. A supplement to the Monroe Doctrine, it claimed the right of the U. S. to exercise international police power in the Western Hemisphere and intervene in the affairs of Latin American nations.

3. An informal treaty between the United States and the Japanese government to stop Japanese immigration to the U. S.

4. The U. S. policy of promoting and safeguarding American business investments and bank loans in Latin America by using U. S. troops, if necessary.

5. A 1901 law that limited Cuba's power to conduct its own foreign policy.

6 The view that Asian immigrants in the late 1800s threatened U. S. society because of their cultural differences from the white majority.

7 U. S. support of China's political independence and insistence on equal trading rights with China.

8A region or zone in a weak country that is largely under the control of a stronger,

imperialist nation.

9 This was an understanding between Japan and the United States in which both nations pledged to respect the Open Door Policy and each other's island possessions. 10. This secret society organized a rebellion and attacked foreign embassies in Peking as an act of opposition to foreign dominance in China.

11. Pueblo people adapted to the environment of the (A) Northeast Woodlands (B) Great Plains (C) Southeast (D) Southwest (E) Pacific Northwest 12. In writing an essay about the establishment of Massachusetts Bay Colony, all of the following points should be included EXCEPT (A) the colony began as a joint-stock company (B) Separatists were a major portion of the colonys population (C) the General Court was a representative body that governed the colony (D) the right to vote and to hold public office was limited to church members (E) the General Court passed the first set of laws in the English colonies 13. The Proclamation of 1763 contributed to growing tensions between the colonies and Great Britain primarily because the Proclamation (A) forbade settlers from moving into the land west of the Appalachians until treaties could be signed with the Native Americans (B) set the boundary between Canada and Maine, Vermont, and New York (C) outlawed land speculation in the trans-Appalachians but not the purchase of land by settlers (D) declared martial law on the Western frontier of the thirteen colonies (E) established the presence of a standing British army in the colonies 14. The views of which of the following men influenced the writing of the Declaration of Independence? (A) Thomas Paine (B) John Locke (C) John Milton (D) Alexis de Tocqueville (E) Edmund Burke

15. The structure and duties of which of the following is NOT described in detail in the Constitution? (A) House of Representatives (B) Senate (C) Supreme Court (D) federal court system (E) the presidency 16. Hamiltons financial program and the American System had all of the following in common EXCEPT (A) money for internal improvements (B) a protective tariff (C) programs for each of the sections of the country in order to draw them together (D) regulation of labor unions (E) a national bank 17. Which of the following events contributed to the increase in westward migration primarily in the 1830s and 1840s? (A) building of the transcontinental railroad (B) the Gadsden Purchase (C) completion of the Erie Canal (D) completion of the Panama Canal (E) the invention of interchangeable parts 18. Which of the following authors is correctly paired with a literary work? (A) Henry David Thoreau: Walden (B) James Fenimore Cooper: The Scarlet Letter (C) Upton Sinclair: Nature (D) Ralph Waldo Emerson: The Jungle (E) Nathaniel Hawthorne: Leather-Stocking Tales Question 19 refers to the following photograph.

19. All of the following are most likely true about the people in the picture EXCEPT that the workers (A) illustrate the truth of the doctrine of Social Darwinism (B) are recent immigrants (C) are doing piecework (D) are nonunion (E) are working in a sweatshop G 20. The cause of U.S. isolationism after World War I was primarily because of (A) the belief that Great Britain was strong enough to check any war advances by Germany and Japan (B) disillusionment with the results of World War I (C) a belief that World War I had been the war to end all wars (D) the desire to collect U.S. war debts and, therefore, an unwillingness to see the reality of the situation in Europe and Asia (E) the belief that neutrality would protect the nation 2`0.

12.12` his Congregationalist minister argued in his book, Our Country, that Americans were members of a God-favored race destined to lead the world.

22. This legislation established a civil government in Puerto Rico, organizing the island as a U. S. territory in 1900.

25. The introduction of tobacco as a cash crop probably saved which colony from collapsing? (A) Massachusetts Bay (B) Pennsylvania (C) North Carolina (D) Virginia (E) Kentucky

Question 26 refers to the following chart. 26. Which two states ratified the Constitution with the narrowest vote? (A) New York and Pennsylvania (B) Rhode Island and New Hampshire (C) Virginia and New Hampshire (D) New York and Rhode Island (E) New Hampshire and New York 27. How many states were needed to ratify the Constitution in order for it to become law? (A) seven (B) all thirteen states (C) nine (D) the four most populous states (E) three quarters of the states 28. Passage of the Twelfth Amendment was a direct result of the (A) controversy that arose when the election of 1824 was settled in the House of Representatives (B) difficulties that resulted from not having separate presidential and vice presidential elections in the electoral college in the election of 1800 (C) revolution of 1800

(D) one-man, one-vote system of the electoral college (E) loss of the 1888 presidential election by Grover Cleveland to Benjamin Henry Harrison 29. We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal. . . . Now, in view of this entire disfranchisement of one half of the people of this country, their social and religious degradation . . . and most fraudulently deprived of their most sacred rights, we insist that they have immediate admission to all the rights and privileges which belong to them as citizens of the United States. This was most probably written in behalf of (A) free blacks (B) enslaved blacks (C) women (D) Native Americans (E) Mexicans in the Southwest 30. Division of labor in factories resulted in (A) the manufacture of interchangeable parts (B) the factory system (C) mass production of goods (D) the Bessemer steel process (E) development of the electric dynamo 31. All of the following were results of the Spanish-American War EXCEPT (A) interest in having a U.S. naval presence in the Pacific as well as the Atlantic Ocean (B) renewed interest in building a Panama Canal (C) establishment of a protectorate in Cuba (D) the Supreme Court ruling that unincorporated possessions, such as Puerto Rico, were not directed toward statehood (E) the Monroe Doctrine was modified 32. In the election of 1912, Theodore Roosevelt wanted Progressives to abandon which of the following beliefs? (A) The federal government should use its resources to aid the needy. (B) The federal government should strike down all legal challenges to free-market competition. (C) The tariff system should be reformed to aid workers. (D) Monopolies are never in the public interest. (E) The federal government should prohibit child labor through federal law. 33. All of the following were criticisms of the nations banking and currency system before enactment of the Federal Reserve Act EXCEPT (A) during crises, the banking system lacked stability (B) the amount of currency in circulation was not pegged to the investment needs of the country (C) the money supply should be backed by gold

(D) no central bank set banking practices (E) Wall Street controlled too much bank Capital 34. The Howard-Wheeler or Indian Reorganization Act was the LEAST successful in (A) raising the living standards of Native Americans (B) restoring tribal ownership to those reservation lands that had not been divided into individual parcels (C) returning local self-government to nations who wished it (D) ridding the reservations of squatters (E) re-establishing traditional beliefs, crafts, and customs 35. About of a third of the colonists were Loyalists. A major reason for their desire to maintain British rule was (A) fear among the wealthy that law and order would end with the end of British control (B) lack of belief in the Patriot cause (C) fear of a slave revolt across the South (D) fear by landowners of the loss of their property (E) fear of Native American attacks on frontier settlements 36. The two-party political system in the United States was primarily the result of I. the fight over ratification of the Constitution waged by the Federalists and the AntiFederalists II. conflicts in Congress over Hamiltons financial proposals III. conflicts within Washingtons Cabinet over Hamiltons financial proposals (A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and II only (E) II and III only 37. The most significant result of the invention of the cotton gin was (A) the mechanization of the process of cleaning the raw cotton once it was picked (B) the increase in the slave trade (C) an oversupply of cotton (D) the increase in cotton agriculture (E) the wearing out of the soil in the older Southern states 38. Both the Force Bill and the Tariff Act of 1833 were passed to deal with the crisis that developed over (A) the Webster-Hayne Debate (B) South Carolinas Ordinance of Nullification (C) South Carolina Exposition, published anonymously by John Calhoun (D) Tariff of Abominations (E) the Maysville Road veto

39. The Kansas-Nebraska Act nullified part of the (A) Compromise of 1850 (B) Great Compromise (C) Wilmot Proviso (D) Missouri Compromise (E) Dred Scott decision 40. Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of the Knights of Labor? (A) The Knights championed the abolition of child labor. (B) Women, African Americans, and immigrants were admitted. (C) The Knights were organized into separate unions by crafts. (D) Because of the Haymarket Riot, the Knights became identified with radicalism. (E) The Knights advocated arbitration rather than strikes . 41. All of the following were push factors for Southern and Eastern European immigrations in the last half of the nineteenth century EXCEPT (A) tenant farms too small to support a family (B) financial panic and economic depression (C) high tariffs on foodstuffs (D) religious persecution (E) industrial development 42. The significance of the Open Door Policy for the United States lay in its (A) providing a use for the Philippines as a way station between China and the United States (B) moving the American public away from isolationism and toward the view of the nation as a world power (C) keeping Japan from annexing Formosa (D) guarantees from leasehold nations that they would keep their Chinese ports open to all nations (E) obtaining the right to build a railroad in China 43. The right to privacy was expanded in (A) Heart of Atlanta v. United States (B) Roe v. Wade (C) Fourteenth Amendment (D) Civil Rights Act of 1964 (E) Fair Credit Reporting Act of 1970 45. Which of the following colonies established the principle that local communities have a duty under the law to establish schools? (A) Rhode Island (B) Connecticut

(C) Georgia (D) Pennsylvania (E) Massachusetts 46. The western boundary of British territory in 1763 in what would become the United States was the (A) Ohio River (B) Pacific Ocean (C) St. Lawrence River (D) Mississippi River (E) Lake Superior 47. The significance of the Annapolis Convention lay in its (A) agreement on uniform trade regulations for the new states (B) decision to send troops to end Shayss Rebellion (C) ratification of the Northwest Ordinance (D) decision to request another convention to discuss the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation (E) nomination of George Washington for president

48. The drop in trade in 1808 can be attributed to (A) the Embargo Act (B) the actions of the Barbary states (C) Neutrality Proclamation

(D) Nonintercourse Act (E) impressment of U.S. seamen 49. Which section would have suffered the most from the decline in trade? (A) Southern states (B) New England (C) frontier states (D) Middle Atlantic states (E) Old Northwest 50. Fifty-four forty or fight! was the rallying cry of (A) those who wanted to annex Texas (B) proslavery supporters in Kansas (C) supporters of the Oregon Territory (D) Copperheads (E) supporters of a larger area for the Indian Territory 51. Agriculture prospered during the Civil War as a result of all of the following EXCEPT (A) rising prices for farm products (B) the Homestead Act of 1862 (C) development of laborsaving machines, such as the McCormick reaper (D) expansion of railroads (E) contraction of the money supply 52. The major reason for the economic rebuilding of the South was (A) high railway rates for freight (B) the alliance between Southern businessmen and Northern financiers (C) that Southern factory owners paid lower wages than Northern owners (D) the large number of African Americans who were employed as sharecroppers (E) the Supreme Courts attitude toward separate but equal accommodations 53. The Gilded Age can best be described as a period of (A) intense political activity by the presidents (B) political agitation by Western farmers (C) labor unrest and combinations of businesses (D) unchecked use of the spoils system and unregulated business competition (E) laissez-faire attitude by government toward business 54. I stand for the square deal. But when I say that I am for the square deal, I mean not merely that I stand for fair play under the present rules of the game, but that I stand for having those rules changed so as to work for a more substantial equality of opportunity and of reward . . . The above statement was most likely the words of (A) Theodore Roosevelt (B) Ronald Reagan

(C) Franklin Roosevelt (D) Harry Truman (E) John F. Kennedy 55. The most significant result of the Bonus Army March was the (A) passage in 1936 of a law allowing World War I veterans to cash in their bonus certificates nine years early (B) show of support that veterans received from the active army (C) image it created of Hoovers apparent disregard for human suffering (D) additional money the Reconstruction Finance Corporation gave to state governments for relief efforts (E) demolition of the veterans Hooverville 56. An important work that contributed to the awareness of the need for the war on poverty was (A) Michael Harringtons The Other America (B) Rachel Carsons Silent Spring (C) Ralph Naders Unsafe at Any Speed (D) Hinton Helpers The Impending Crisis in the South (E) John Kenneth Galbraiths The Affluent Society GO 57. Between 1820 and 1997, the largest number of immigrants to the United States have been (A) Irish (B) German (C) Mexican (D) Italian (E) Chinese 58. Both the Democrats and the Republicans nominated presidential candidates in the twentieth century who did not represent the mainstream of political thought. Which of the following pairs of candidates were considered radical nominees by the majority of Americans? (A) Barry Goldwater and George McGovern (B) Richard Nixon and Jimmy Carter (C) Thomas Dewey and John F. Kennedy (D) Richard Nixon and Lyndon Johnson (E) George Bush and Lyndon Johnson 59. All of the following statements about colonial politics are true EXCEPT (A) the legislatures controlled taxes and expenditures (B) voting rights were limited to white male property owners (C) most colonies had bicameral legislatures (D) each colony elected its own governor (E) governors had limited authority

60. The weakening of the position of established churches was a significant result of (A) the splitting off of groups of Congregationalists into new churches (B) the temperance movement (C) transcendentalism (D) the Great Awakening (E) the opening of institutions of higher Education 61. The intent of the First Continental Congress was primarily to (A) stir up among the colonists the desire to separate from Great Britain (B) establish Committees of Correspondence (C) oversee the conduct of the war (D) revive the nonimportation agreements (E) demand the colonists rights from Great Britain within the framework of British law and government 62. Which of the following is NOT true about the election of 1828? (A) Property qualifications for voting had eased since the beginning of the nation so that more men were able to vote in 1828 than in previous elections. (B) Small farmers crossed sectional lines to vote for Jackson. (C) Jackson was the first president who was not from the wealthy elite of the Eastern seaboard. (D) Jacksons reputation as a self-made man appealed to small business owners. (E) Southern plantation owners did not vote for Jackson because of a personal dislike for the man. 63. In the presidential election of 1844, the principal issue was (A) the qualifications of James K. Polk (B) manifest destiny (C) slavery (D) the annexation of Texas (E) Clays refusal to promise to go to war against Mexico 64. The four states shown on the map were (A) the last four states to secede (B) the so-called border states that remained in the Union (C) the first four states to have reconstructed governments after the war (D) the only four states in which slaves were freed by the Emancipation Proclamation (E) states represented by Copperheads in Congress

65. All of the following contributed to the development of the cattle industry in the West at the end of the nineteenth century EXCEPT (A) the replacement of longhorns by Herefords (B) the fencing in of the open range with barbed wire (C) the network of railroads (D) new methods of meat processing (E) the Morrill Act 66. The United States acquired which of the following as a result of the treaty ending the Spanish-American War? (A) Hawaii (B) Alaska (C) Panama (D) Hispaniola (E) the Philippines 67. Using economic means to achieve military aims was the purpose of (A) Lend-Lease (B) the Good Neighbor Policy (C) the Works Progress Administration (D) the Roosevelt Corollary (E) the Glass-Steagall Banking Act 68. The purpose of Freedom Summer was to

(A) call attention to segregation on interstate buses and in bus terminals in the South (B) protest the Vietnam War (C) register black voters in the South (D) call attention to the segregation of public facilities in the South (E) prepare students to integrate Southern Schools 69. The colony that recognized the land rights of Native Americans was (A) Massachusetts (B) Virginia (C) Pennsylvania (D) New Jersey (E) Maryland 70. In the early 1700s, the Spanish decided to establish settlements in Texas to (A) control the Apache (B) keep British from settling the Plains (C) keep the French from claiming the area (D) convert the Native Americans (E) provide steppingstones into the interior for expeditions to find Cibola 71. All of the following are true about the status of women in the mid-nineteenth century EXCEPT (A) women could not vote (B) women were discouraged from speaking in public (C) teaching was generally the only profession open to women (D) single women could not own property, but married women could (E) mothers had nno legal rights to their children 72. Andrew Jackson opposed the Second Bank of the United States primarily because (A) he believed the bank concentrated too much power in the hands of a few wealthy men in the Northeast (B) he believed the bank did not provide a sound basis for a national currency (C) the bank would not accept federal deposits (D) he believed the bank created an economic climate that fostered land speculation (E) the bank closed state banks, known as pet banks, run by Jacksons supporters 73. The Freeport Doctrine of Stephen Douglas (A) disagreed with the Dred Scott decision (B) failed to address the rights of slave owners (C) stated that a territorial legislature could discourage slavery by failing to pass slave codes (D) restated the Republicans position that slavery should not be allowed to spread (E) repudiated popular sovereignty 74. The most significant aspect of state government under Radical Reconstruction was the (A) physical rebuilding of the South

(B) establishment of statewide public education systems (C) end of the plantation economy (D) extension of civil and political equality to African Americans (E) establishment of a system of railroads across the South