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Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

Question No.

Level

Mark

Question No.

Level

Mark

1(97) 3

11(99) 5

2(99) 3

12(97) 5

3(01) 3

13(99) 5

4(01) 3

14(95) 6

5(05) 4

15(01) 6

6(99) 4

16(05) 6

7(97) 4

17(95) 6

8(03) 4

18(01) 6

9(03) 4

19(97) 7

10(05) 4

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
1.

(a)

Megans dog is pulling on his lead.


Which arrow, A, B, C or D, shows the direction of this force?
Give the letter.
................................
1 mark

(b)

Megan has to pull to keep the dog still.


Which arrow shows the direction of this force? Give the letter.
................................
1 mark

(c)

Suddenly the dogs collar breaks.

(i)

When the collar breaks, the lead moves.


Draw an arrow on the diagram to show which way the lead starts to move.
1 mark

(ii)

Why does the lead move when the collar breaks?


.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
2.

(a)

The diagram shows Alan sitting on a ride at a theme park.

(i)

Which arrow shows Alans weight?


Give the correct letter. ..................................
1 mark

(ii)

Alan begins to move forwards. Which arrow shows the force which
makes Alan move faster?
Give the correct letter. ..................................
1 mark

(b)

During the ride, Alan is upside down.

Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of Alans weight while
he is upside down.
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

3.

The photograph shows two rubber tyres.


One is old and worn and the other is new.

(a)

old tyre with


new tyre with
worn tread
deep tread
A car is moving along a road. What force between the tyres and the road makes
the car stop? Tick the correct box.
air resistance

friction

gravity

weight
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

(b)

The diagram and the table show the stopping distance of a car.

p o s it io n o f c a r
w h e n b ra k e s
a re p u t o n

p o s itio n o f
car w hen
it s t o p s

s t o p p in g d is ta n c e
s t o p p in g d is ta n c e , in m e t r e s
ty p e o f
ro a d
s u rfa c e

n e w ty re s
o n a d ry
ro a d

n e w ty re s
on a w et
ro a d

o ld , w o r n
ty re s o n a
d ry ro a d

o ld , w o r n
ty re s o n a
w e t ro a d

s m o o th
ta r m a c

18

19

20

50

ro u g h
ta rm a c

13

18

17

23

c o n c re te

12

17

16

21

(i)

What happens to the stopping distance when a road gets wet?


..
1 mark

(ii)

Why does the stopping distance change when a road gets wet?
..
..
1 mark

(iii)

What happens to the stopping distance as tyres get old and worn?
..
1 mark

(iv)

What is the safest type of road surface in the table?


..
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

4.

The drawing shows a very old set of scales. It can be used to check the weights of
silver coins.

p iv o t

pan X
(a)

pan Y

Rema puts a silver coin in pan X. There is nothing in pan Y.


In which direction does pan X move?

1 mark

(b)

The table shows the weights of five silver coins.


Silver coin

weight in mN

106

112

98

112

120

Rema puts one coin in each pan of the scales. Which two coins will make the
scales balance? Give the letters.
and
1 mark

(c)

Coin A is placed in pan X, and coin C is placed in pan Y.


In which direction does pan X move?
...
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

(d)

In another experiment, coin B is placed in pan X, and one of the other coins is
placed in pan Y. Pan X goes up.

c o in B
I S

E
N

c o in in p a n Y
pan X
I S

E
N

pan Y
Which coin is in pan Y? Give the letter.
.
1 mark

(e)

Rema knows the weights of the five silver coins in the table. She also has a gold
coin.
Explain how she could use the coins and the scales to find the approximate
weight of the gold coin.
.
.
.
.
2 marks
Maximum 6 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

5.

The drawing shows a snow-buggy being pulled by a sail.


The buggy rests on three skis on the snow.

(a)

The drawing shows four forces that act when the snow-buggy is moving.
Draw a line from each force in the list below to the correct letter from the diagram.
Draw only three lines.
fo rc e

le tte r

A
th e w e ig h t o f th e b u g g y
B
t h e fo r c e p u llin g th e
b u g g y a lo n g
C
th e fr ic tio n b e tw e e n th e
s k is a n d th e s n o w
D
3 marks

(b)

A scientist travelled 80 kilometres (km) each day in the buggy.


St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
How many kilometres did he travel in 10 days?
............. km
1 mark

(c)

The buggy carried the scientist, food and equipment for the journey.
The table shows how the total mass changed.

mass of buggy, scientist,


food and equipment

total mass at start


of journey (kg)

total mass at end


of journey (kg)

295

130

The buggy sank deeper into the snow at the start of the journey than at the end.
Why did it sink deeper at the start? Use the table to help you.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d)

The buggy rests on three skis instead of three wheels.


Why are skis better than wheels for travelling on snow?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark

(e)

When a bigger sail is used, the buggy goes faster.


How does a bigger sail help the buggy to go faster?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

6.

A man was hammering nails into a wooden fence post.


The drawing shows the hammer just before it hit a nail.

(a)

The hammer hit the nail. What is the direction of the force of the hammer on
the nail?
Draw an arrow on the diagram to show this.
1 mark

(b)

What effect did this force have on the nail?


..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c)

How did the speed of the hammer change when the hammer hit the nail?
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d)

The hammer hit the nail again. The hammer was moving faster this time.
The size of the force of the hammer on the nail was different.
In what way was it different?
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(e)

Mark could see the man mending the fence. The man was at the other end
of a large field. Mark saw the man hit a nail with the hammer. One second
St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
later he heard the sound.
Why did Mark hear the sound after he saw the hammer hit the nail?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(f)

Mark walked half way across the field, nearer to the man. Again he saw the
hammer hit a nail, then heard the sound.
This time, how long was the gap between seeing and hearing the hammer
hit the nail?
Tick the correct box.
longer than one second

one second

less than one second

there was no gap


1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
7.

David lives in Britain. He sees that the Sun seems to move across the sky.
(a)

Where does the Sun rise in the morning?


Tick the correct box.
in the north

in the south

in the west

in the east
1 mark

(b)

(i)

At what time of day is the Sun highest in the sky?


..........................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii)

In which direction will David see the Sun when it is highest in the sky?
Tick the correct box.
towards the north

towards the south

towards the west

towards the east


1 mark

(c)

Where does the Sun set in the evening?


Tick the correct box.
in the north

in the south

in the west

in the east
1 mark

(d)

Explain why the Sun seems to move across the sky.


....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

(e)

Light from the Sun takes about 8 minutes to get to the Earth.
How long does light from other stars take to get to the Earth?
Tick the correct box.
more than 8 minutes

8 minutes

less than 8 minutes

zero minutes
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
8.

Lisa drew a picture of herself standing at four different positions on the Earth,
A

not to scale

(a)

(i)

Draw an arrow at each of the four positions to show the direction of the
force of gravity on Lisa.
1 mark

(ii)

The drawing at position A shows Lisa holding a ball on a string.


Draw the ball and string in positions B, C and D.
1 mark

(b)

The drawing below shows:

that the Earth goes round the Sun;


that the Earth rotates on its axis.

E a rth
Sun

a x is o f t h e E a r t h

n o t t o s c a le

o r b it o f th e E a r th

Choose from the list below to answer parts (i) and (ii).
60 seconds 60 minutes 24 hours 7 days 28 days 365 days
(i)

How long does it take for the Earth to go round the Sun once?
...................................................................
1 mark

(ii)

How long does it take for the Earth to rotate on its axis once?
...................................................................
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
Maximum 4 marks

9.

Some children watched an eclipse of the Sun.


During the eclipse, the Moon passed between the Sun and the Earth.
It blocked out sunlight.

(a)

Amrik watched the eclipse. He knew that the Sun is much bigger than the Moon
but they looked about the same size.
Why did they look the same size? Tick the correct box.
The Moon is nearer to the Earth than
the Sun is.
The Sun is nearer to the Earth than
the Moon is.
The Sun goes round the Earth faster
than the Moon does.
The Moon goes round the Sun faster
than the Earth does.
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(b)

Amrik's class measured the light level during the eclipse.


The graph below shows their results.
100
80
60

% lig h t le v e l
40
20
0
1 0 .3 0

1 0 .4 0

1 0 .5 0

1 1 .0 0

1 1 .1 0

1 1 .2 0

1 1 .3 0

1 1 .4 0

1 1 .5 0

t im e o f d a y
(i)

At what time did the Moon block out most of the Sun's light?
Use the graph to help you.
.................................... am
1 mark

(ii)

What happened to the air temperature during the eclipse?


..............................................................................................................
Give the reason for your answer.
..............................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
10.

(a)

Alfie made a model of part of the solar system.


He used metal balls for the Sun, the Moon and the planets.

E goes around D.

B, C, D, F and G go around A.
Give the letter that is used to label:
(i)

the model Sun;


..............
1 mark

(ii)

the model Earth;


..............
1 mark

(iii)

the model Moon;


..............
1 mark

(iv)

the model planet with the largest orbit.


..............
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(b)

The bar chart shows the force of gravity on eight of the planets.

(i)

The gravity on Neptune is 12 N/kg.


On the chart above, draw a bar for the planet Neptune.
Use a ruler.
1 mark

(ii)

Give the name of a planet where you would weigh more than you weigh on
Earth.
................................................................
1 mark

(iii)

On which planet would a spaceship need the largest force to take off?
................................................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
11.

On 11th August 1999 there will be an eclipse. The shadow of the Moon will pass
over part of the Earth.
(a)

The diagram below shows the Moon, the Moons shadow and the Earth.
M o o n 's s h a d o w

M oon

E a r th
not to scale
On the diagram, draw an arrow pointing towards where the Sun must be.
1 mark

(b)

At about midday the Moons shadow will pass over Cornwall in England.
Where, in the sky, is the Sun at midday?
Tick the correct box.
towards the North

towards the West

towards the East

towards the South


1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(c)

The map shows the shape of the Moons shadow and the path it will take
across Cornwall.

The Moons shadow will take about 2 minutes to move across a house in
Falmouth. It will take less than 2 minutes to move across a house in Padstow.
Explain why it will take less time for the Moons shadow to move across a
house in Padstow than to move across one in Falmouth.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(d)

Why does the Moons shadow move over the surface of the Earth?
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
12.

The graph below gives information about some of the planets in the Solar System.
6000

P lu to

5000
N e p tu n e

a v e r a g e d is ta n c e 4 0 0 0
f r o m S u n , in
m illio n s o f k m
3000

U ra n u s

2000
S a tu rn
p la n e t A
M a rs
0
0
50
100
150
200
250
t im e o f o r b it a r o u n d S u n , in e a r t h y e a r s

1000

(a)

Planet A is shown on the graph above.


The orbit of planet A is between Saturn and Mars.
What is the name of planet A?
....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b)

Part of the graph opposite is shown in more detail below.


a s te r o id b e lt
300
M a rs

a v e r a g e d is t a n c e
200
fro m S u n , in
m illio n s fo k m
100
M e rc u ry
0

0
1
2
3
4
5
t im e o f o r b it a r o u n d S u n , in e a r t h y e a r s
(i)

Use a dot ( ) to mark the position of the Earth carefully on the graph
above. Label the dot Earth. Explain why you put the dot at this position.
.............................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................
2 marks

(ii)

On the same graph, mark with a cross (x) the approximate position of
Venus and label it Venus.
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(c)

Asteroids orbit the Sun just like the planets. Information about five asteroids is
given in the table below.
nam e of
a s te r o id

E u g e n ia

H e s t ia

I r is

M e lp o m e n e

Psyche

t im e o f o r b it in
E a rth y e a rs

4 .4 9

4 .0 1

5 .5 1

3 .4 8

5 .0 0

Which asteroid is the greatest distance from the Sun? Give the reason for
your answer.
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
13.

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.

Sun

M a rs
not to scale
(a)

Name one planet which is closer than Mars to the Sun.


.....................................................................
1 mark

(b)

A day and night on Mars lasts nearly 25 Earth hours. Explain why there is
daytime and night-time on Mars.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c)

Like Earth, Mars has summers and winters.


Suggest why there are seasons on Mars.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 3 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
14.

The diagram shows a firework rocket.


A

B
C

F
E
(a)

Three forces act as the rocket flies through the air.


Which arrows show the directions of these three forces?
..............................

..............................

...............................
3 marks

(b)

When there is no fuel left, the rocket falls to the ground.


(i)

Give the name of the force which pulls it down.


.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii)

Give the name of the force which acts against the motion of the rocket.
.............................................................................................................
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(c)

Another rocket was sent high into the air. It exploded with a loud bang and
a bright flash of light.

Put a tick in the box by the correct statement.


the bright flash of light was seen first

the loud bang was heard first


the flash of light was seen and the bang
was heard at the same time
1 mark

Give a reason for your answer.


......................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 7 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
15.

The diagram shows a chain hanging down over the edge of a table.
f r ic t io n

w e ig h t

Two of the forces on the chain are:

the weight of the part of the chain which is hanging over the edge;

friction between the chain and the table.

(a)

The chain is not moving. What does this tell you about these two forces acting
on the chain?
1 mark

(b)

The chain is moved slightly to the right. It begins to slide off the table.
(i)

What does this tell you about these two forces now?
...
1 mark

(ii)

Describe how the size of each force changes as the chain slides off the
table.

weight of the part of the chain hanging over the edge .


....

friction between the chain and the table .


....
2 marks

(iii)

How does the speed of the chain change as it slides off the table?
...
...
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
16.

The drawing below shows an astronaut in space.


He has four small jets attached to his space suit.
These jets produce forces on the astronaut in the directions A, B, C and D.

(a)

The drawing below shows the size and direction of four forces acting
on the astronaut.

In which direction, A, B, C or D, will the astronaut move?


Give the letter.
..............
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(b)

The drawing below shows the size and direction of four different
forces acting on the astronaut.

What will happen to the astronaut when the jets produce these four forces?
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark

Explain your answer.


...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
1 mark

(c)

The drawing below shows the size and direction of four different
forces acting on the astronaut.
Draw an arrow on the diagram below to show the direction in which he
will move.

1 mark
maximum 4 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)

17.

Our solar system consists of planets orbiting the Sun. Some of these planets
have moons.
(a)

Complete the four statements by drawing lines to join the boxes.


t h e a v e r a g e d is t a n c e
fr o m M e r c u r y to
t h e S u n is

1 5 0 m illio n k m

t h e a v e r a g e d is t a n c e
fr o m P lu to to
t h e S u n is

0 .3 8 m illio n k m

t h e a v e r a g e d is t a n c e
fro m th e E a rth to
th e M o o n is

5 9 0 0 m illio n k m

t h e a v e r a g e d is t a n c e
fro m th e E a rth to
t h e S u n is

5 8 m illio n k m
4 marks

(b)

Give the name of the star in our solar system.


.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
18.

The diagram shows the orbits of the Earth, Mars and Venus.
The position of the Earth is shown.

o r b it o f V e n u s

Sun

o r b it o f th e E a r t h

E a rth

o r b it o f M a r s

not to scale
A person on the Earth observes Mars and Venus.
(a)

(i)

On the diagram above, draw two more dots to show the positions of Mars
and Venus when they are closest to the Earth.
Label the dot for Mars with a letter M and the dot for Venus with a letter V.
1 mark

(ii)

Why is it easiest to see Mars when it is closest to the Earth?


......
......
1 mark

(b)

What force keeps the Earth in its orbit and stops it flying off into space?
.....
1 mark

(c)

From the Earth, the Moon always looks approximately the same size.
What can you conclude from this about the orbit of the Moon around the Earth?
.....
.....
1 mark

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
(d)

The diagram shows the Earth in its orbit around the Sun.

N
B r ita in
Sun

S
not to scale
What season is it in Britain? Explain your answer.
.....
.....
.....
.....
2 marks
Maximum 6 marks

St Georges School

Unit 7K (Forces and their Effects) and Unit 7L (The Solar system and beyond)
19.

Regulus is a bright star in the constellation Leo. In February, an astronomer visited


a country close to the equator. While she was there she observed Regulus.
(a)

During the night, Regulus appeared to move across the sky.


(i)

Why do stars appear to move across the sky?


..........................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii)

Choose from the words below to complete the sentence.


north

east

south

west

Regulus appeared to move across the sky from


................................................ to ....................................................
1 mark

(b)

The diagram below shows the position of the Earth and the Sun when the
astronomer made her observations. She noticed that Regulus was directly
overhead at midnight. On the diagram, draw an arrow from the Earth to show the
direction in which she looked to see Regulus.

Sun

p o s it io n o f t h e
E a r th in F e b r u a r y

o r b it o f
th e E a r th
1 mark

(c)

Six months later, in August, Regulus cannot be seen at any time.


Explain why.
....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 4 marks

St Georges School

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