The Battle of Austerlitz

by Jeff Vitous

Prelude
On November 17, 1805, Napoleon decided his army needed a little time to rest and reorganize. The Moravian to n o! "r#nn seemed li$e a nice location, located d%e north o! &ienna and close to the marshalling '%ssian army in Olm#tz. Napoleon had received ord that the (%strian )mperor, *rancis, as c%rrently in "r#nn, and sent ord that his advance o%ld be delayed to allo *rancis time to leave the city. The ne+t day, M%rat,s cavalry on a decisive engagement against the '%ssian rearg%ard at -orhlitz, and entered "r#nn the !ollo ing day .November 1/0. Mean hile, the rest o! the p%rs%it slo ed as *rench troops too$ in a day,s rest. (s l%c$ o%ld have it, "r#nn as ell stoc$ed in s%pplies. M%rat and "essiers p%rs%ed the '%ssians thro%gh the to n o! 1ischa%, p%shing the '%ssian cavalry bac$ to the army,s center at Olm#tz. The allied army at Olm#tz consisted o! 2%t%sov,s p%rs%ed troops .34,0000, "%+h5 den,s army .30,0000, and some (%strian !orces %nder -rince 6ohann von 7ichtenstein. The total allied army n%mbered ro%ghly 84,000, and as nominally %nder the command o! Tsar (le+ander 8, the '%ssian monarch.

The (%strians and '%ssians ere %ncom!ortable allies. The '%ssians behaved more li$e an invading army hile in (%strian territory, and held little respect !or the (%strian military. -r%ssia began to stand do n !rom the brin$ o! ar9 not only did the allied de!eats diss%ade them !rom s%pporting a losing ca%se, b%t they ere none to pleased ith contin%ed )nglish activity in :anover. They had hoped too that Napoleon o%ld ma$e them some sort o! o!!er !or not ;oining the <oalition.
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2%t%sov ished to contin%e the ithdra al, at the very least, relocating the army to a location that hadn,t been heavily pillaged. The inter eather as beginning to ta$e its toll, and sic$ness as beginning to r%n rampant over the e+posed troops. 1ithdra al as %nacceptable to the (%strians, ho ever, ho anted the *rench o%t o! their homeland9 and '%ssian ha $s had the ear o! the Tsar, ho also s%pported a rene ed o!!ensive. On November =7, the '%ssians moved against "r#nn, hile *erdinand and /,000 tired troops moved so%th !rom -rag%e. Napoleon had centered his army in a position here it co%ld react s i!tly to a ma;or attac$ !rom either the Tsar to his east, or the (rchd%$es <harles and 6ohn to the so%th. Massena as ordered to stay on <harles tail and $eep his army o! 80,000 .he had combined ith 6ohn on November =40 !rom coordinating ith the '%ssians at all costs. On November =5, the (%strians re>%ested peace negotiations ith Napoleon. 2no ing !%ll ell this as a delaying tactic, he sent his o n intelligence e+pert, ?eneral @avary, to the '%ssian camp to assess their capabilities hile the (%strian delegates ere sent to &ienna to tal$ to Talleyrand. @avary con!irmed that the '%ssians ere mobilizing earlier than e+pected, b%t Napoleon as determined to meet them and on his terms. M%rat and @o%lt ere ordered to ithdra behind the ?oldbach 'iver .a small stream or broo$0, leaving o%tposts on the -ratzen :eights. The *rench army still had not concentrated in the area, and Napoleon as prepared to ithdra i! the allied attac$ came be!ore Aecember 1, hen "ernadotte and Aavo%t o%ld be available a!ter a !orced march. The '%ssians moved at a glacial pace, ho ever, and on November 30, their lines ere still in disarray. (le+ander o!!ered Napoleon terms to call o!! the battle hich incl%ded his evac%ation !rom 8taly and "elgi%m. Napoleon re!%sed, b%t gave the impression o! being greatly concerned. (s a !inal sho !or the '%ssian observers, he ordered @o%lt to evac%ate the to n o! (%sterlitz and the high gro%nd o! the -ratzen :eights, and to do so ith the appearance o! disorder and haste. Napoleon didn,t simply ant another victoryBhe anted to bag the entire allied army. The allies too$ the bait, hoo$, line and sin$er. @o%lt,s ithdra al gave the appearance o! a ea$ right !lan$ on the *rench line. Napoleon had aro%nd 50,000 men to the ally,s 84,000. The allied army slo ly advanced, occ%pying (%sterlitz and the -ratzen :eights. The allies tho%ght the *rench to be hal!C beaten, hich o%ld acco%nt !or their c%rio%s ithdra al !rom s%ch advantageo%s gro%nd. *rom their position, ho ever, m%ch o! the *rench army as obsc%red !rom vie . (llied plans called !or an enveloping assa%lt on the *rench right, rolling %p the line !rom the !lan$. 2%t%sov advised a more ca%tio%s approach to the battle, b%t the (%strians ere desperate !or revenge, and the (%strian commanders present, 1eyrother, 2ollo rath, and 2einmeyer, all had Tsar (le+ander,s ear. The '%ssian monarch as not m%ch o! a military man, and he li$ely as present in the p%rs%it o! e+citement, so he !avored the ha $s over his more esteemed <ommanderCinC<hie!.

"y November 30, "ernadotte,s 8 <orps o%ld arrive .less 1rede,s division o! "avarians, ho ere le!t behind as a rearg%ard sho%ld events not go as planned0, p%tting 7a ?rande (rmee,s strength over 40,000. Aavo%t as ordered to !orceCmarch !rom &ienna, and they o%ld act%ally arrive as the battle as in progress, boosting the *rench strength to a more e>%itable 73,000.
La Grande Arme de France <ommanderCinC<hie!D )mperor Napoleon 8 <hie!Co!C@ta!!D Marshal 7o%is "erthier Total appro+imate strengthD 73,=00 men, 1E1 g%ns The 8mperial ?%ard Marshal 6ean "aptiste "essieres 8 <orps Marshal 6ean "aptiste "ernadotte 888 <orps Marshal 7o%is Nicholas Aavo%t 8& <orps Marshal Nicholas 6ean de Aie% @o%lt & <orps Marshal 6ean 7annes ?renadier Aivision ?eneral Nicholas <harles O%dinot <avalry 'eserve Marshal -rince 6oachim M%rat Army of the Two Em erors Nominal <ommandersCinC<hie!D Tsar (le+ander 8 and )mperor *rancis 88 *ield <ommanderCinC<hie!D ?eneral Mi$hail :ilarionovich ?olenischevC2%t%sov (%strian *orce <ommanderD 7t. ?eneral -rince 6ohann von 7ichtenstein <hie!Co!C@ta!!D Ma;orC?eneral *ranz von 1eyrother (ppro+imate strengthD 85,700 men, 318 g%ns

5,500 men, =E g%ns 13,000 men, =E g%ns 4,300 men, 1= g%ns =3,000 men, 35 g%ns 1=,700 men, =0 g%ns 5,700 men 7,E00 horse, 34 g%ns

'%ssian 8mperial ?%ard (dvance ?%ard o! the Tsar,s (rmy (dvance ?%ard o! "%+h5 den,s (rmy *irst <ol%mn @econd <ol%mn Third <ol%mn *o%rth <ol%mn *i!th <ol%mn

?rand A%$e <onstantine

4,830 men, 3,700 horse, E0 g%ns 7t. ?eneral -eter "agration /,=00 men, E,500 horse, E= g%ns ?eneral Michael 2einmayer 3,EE0 men, 3,EE0 horse, 1= g%ns 7t. ?eneral Amitri Aoctorov 13,=E0 men, =50 horse, 4E g%ns 7t. ?eneral (ndrea%+ 7angeron 11,=50 men, 300 horse, 30 g%ns 7t. ?eneral -ryzbys s$i 7,700 men, 30 g%ns 7t. ?enerals 2ollo rath F =3,/00 men, 74 g%ns Miloradovich 7t. ?eneral -rince von 5,375 horse, =E g%ns 7ichtenstein

The Allied Plan The main assa%lt o%ld be to the so%th, or *rench right, ith 5/,300 men %nder the command o! ?eneral "%+h5 den. The advance g%ard .5,1000 o%ld be led by ?eneral 2einmeyer, !ollo ed closely by Aoctorov,s *irst <ol%mn. This !orce as to capt%re the to n o! Tellnitz on the e+treme right o! the *rench line, then t%rning north to lin$ %p ith 7angeron. The @econd and Third col%mn o%ld assa%lt @o$onitz and its environs .incl%ding the castle and pheasantry0. (ll three col%mns o%ld then combine and move north against 2obelnitz. (t this point, the *rench line o%ld resemble a right angle centered at -%nto itz. 2ollo rath and Miloradovich o%ld descend !rom the -ratzen :eights ith =3,/00, aiming to brea$ the *rench line at -%nto itz. To the north, "agration as to slo ly advance ith 13,000 troops, and -rince 7ichtenstein,s cavalry o%ld provide a lin$ bet een the northern and so%thern armies. Mean hile, ?rand A%$e <onstantine o%ld remain in reserve ith the '%ssian 8mperial ?%ard. *orm%lated by the (%strian chie!Co!Csta!! 1eyrother, the (llied plan as comple+ and o%ld prove di!!ic%lt to coordinate among leaders spea$ing di!!erent lang%ages. The *rench e+Cpatriot 7angeron ob;ected to abandoning the -ratzen :eights, b%t as overr%led by the (%strian generals, ho !irmly believed that the *rench army o%ld o!!er no serio%s resistance. *ield commander ?eneral 2%t%sov slept thro%gh most o! the brie!ing. 8ndeed, the allies had no idea that "ernadotte had arrived and his 8 <orps as perched behind the @anton, nor that Aavo%t,s 888 <orps as abo%t to arrive on the scene. The French Plan To the north, Marshal 7annes, & <orps as to hold at all costs against "agration,s advance. -rotecting his !lan$ o%ld be the cavalry reserve %nder -rince M%rat. 8n the so%th, 1=,000 men o! the 8& <orps %nder ?eneral 7egrand as to hold the line, rein!orced by ?eneral 7o%is *riant,s division and the corps cavalry !rom Aavo%t,s 888 <orps, bringing the local !orce to aro%nd 18,400. "ernadotte,s 8 <orps o%ld come o%t o! concealment and attac$ the to n o! "lGso itz, north o! the -ratzen :eights. The remainder o! @o%lt,s 8& <orps, the divisions o! &andamme and @aintC:ilaire, o%ld emerge !rom the mist on the eastern ban$ o! the ?oldbach 'iver near -%nto itz and attac$ the allied center. O%dinot,s grenadiers and the 8mperial ?%ard o%ld !orm a reserve. (!ter occ%pying the -ratzen :eights, the *rench troops ere to descend %pon the !lan$ and rear o! "%+h5 den,s army, destroying it in an enveloping attac$. The Battle Aa n arrived late on Aecember =, a heavy !og shro%ding the battle!ield. (%strian and '%ssian troops began their mane%vers, b%t >%ic$ly became disordered a!ter crossing each others lines o! comm%nication. 1hen as$ed by the Tsar hy 2ollo rath and Miloradovich had not yet beg%n their descent !rom the -ratzen
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:eights, an agitated 2%t%sov replied, HIo%r highness, 8 am other col%mns to get into position.H

aiting !or all o! the

*ighting began ith 2einmeyer,s advance g%ard leaving (%;est Mar$t at 0400 and advancing on Tellnitz. :ere the (%strian commander as opposed by 7egrand,s 3rd 8n!antry regiment and the <orsican 7ight 8n!antry. (!ter an ho%r .07000 the *rench still held Tellnitz. (s Aoctorov,s col%mn approached, the heavily o%tn%mbered *rench e+ec%ted their orders to ithdra . *o%rteen s>%adrons o! (%strian cavalry po%red past Tellnitz, here they ere met by the three regiments o! 8& <orps light cavalry %nder ?eneral Margaron, ho in t%rn gave gro%nd, p%lling bac$ to the north. Aoctorov sent ord bac$ that the *rench ere giving gro%nd every here9 and that so !ar, the attac$ as going according to 1eyrother,s plan.

The situation at 0900.

Aoctorov had halted, ho ever, a aiting the appearance o! 7angeron to his right. The @econd <ol%mn, ho ever, as delayed hen it became apparent that 7ichtenstein,s cavalry had camped at the rong spot, and had to be repositioned, bloc$ing the path. (t this time, *riant,s division arrived on the scene .initially s%!!ering !riendly !ire !rom 7egrand,s troops, ho tho%ght them to be (%strians0 and immediately la%nched an attac$ against Tellnitz, regaining the to n brie!ly be!ore ithdra ing. "y no , 7angeron had arrived and d%ly occ%pied @o$olnitz, and !%rther north, -ryzbys s$i,s Third <ol%mn as attac$ing @o$olnitz <astle
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and the pheasantry. 1hile e+ec%tion as slo er than anticipated, the (llied !ort%nes still seemed to be going according to 1eyrother,s plan. <onvinced that timing is everything in a battle, the (llied timing as ay o!! and Napoleon co%ld not be happier. The (llies had no beg%n crossing to the est ban$ o! the ?oldbach and ere immediately co%nterattac$ed by the 888 <orps si+ regiments o! dragoons %nder ?eneral "o%rcier. This as immediately !ollo ed by an assa%lt by :e%delet,s 8n!antry "rigade %nder the personal command o! Marshal Aavo%t. The co%nterattac$ s%cceeded in disr%pting Aoctorov,s col%mn and regaining the village o! Tellnitz. Mean hile, ?eneral o! Aivision *riant la%nched 7ochet,s "rigade into 7angeron,s !lan$ and rear, e;ecting them !rom @o$olnitz and p%shing them bac$ to the east ban$ o! the ?oldbach. (ll in all, abo%t 10,300 *rench troops had stopped then de!eated an army o! more than 50,000 ho moments earlier had tho%ght themselves to be victorio%s. "y 10 am, the *rench had reocc%pied all o! the (llied ob;ectives, and the !lan$ attac$ as o!!icially a !ail%re. Mean hile, Napoleon atched !rom his command post at J%rlan as the (llies emptied their center to e+ec%te the massive !lan$ing mane%ver to the so%th. The divisions o! @aintC:ilaire and &andamme remained hidden, and the (llies sho ed no indication that they ere a are o! their presence. 1hen as$ed ho long it o%ld ta$e !or these troops to occ%py the -ratzen :eights, @o%lt replied, Hless than =0 min%tes, sire.H "y 0/00, the b%l$ o! "%+h5 den,s army as engaged or ell in motion. Napoleon told @o%lt, HOne sharp blo and the ar is over.H Napoleon then t%rned to his sta!! o!!icers. HThe enemy is more n%mero%s than o%rselves,H he observed, pointing so%th. HThey e+pect to attac$ and van>%ish me. NoCits moreCnot only to beat %s b%t c%t %s o!! !rom &ienna and ro%nd %p the *rench armyK They thin$ 8 am a noviceK 1ell, they,ll come to regret it. <ome onK 7et %s p%t an end to this campaign ith a crash o! th%nder that ill st%n the enemyKH To the north, 7annes and "agration met ith neither !orce gaining the %pper hand. 7ichtenstein as ordered to o!!er s%pport, and hen he arrived, promptly charged some *rench light cavalry, ho ithdre thro%gh bet een some in!antry s>%ares that stopped the charge. @hortly a!ter ards, he as ordered bac$ to the center, here &andamme and @aintC:ilaire had bro$en Miloradovich and 2ollo rath,s !orces on the -ratzen :eights. 7ichtenstein as determined to close the developing gap bet een "agration,s advance g%ard and the remainder o! the (llied army, and marshaled E,000 cavalry in a massive charge against 7annes, & <orps. (t pointCblan$ range, ho ever, the divisional and regimental artillery opened !ire, ma%ling the denselyC pac$ed cavalry and sending them into retreat, here they ere rallied by ?eneral Lvarov. ?eneral 2ellerman,s light cavalry attempted to maintain press%re on the (llied troops, b%t ere co%nterCcharged by 7ichtenstein. The cavalry ithdre thro%gh intervals opened by <a!!arelli,s in!antry, hich immediately closed %p the
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gaps and opened !ire on the p%rs%ing (llied horse. 2ellerman,s s>%adrons re!ormed b%t ere then assailed by '%ssian h%ssars and dragoons. 8n the ens%ing melee, -rince M%rat and his sta!! ere !orced to dra their sabers and de!end themselves. The sit%ation as saved by the arrival o! ?eneral )tienne Nanso%ty,s :eavy <avalry division9 his carabineers and c%irassiers chasing o!! the leading elements o! 7ichtenstein,s !orce. Nanso%ty then ithdre behind <a!!arelli,s in!antry to rest and regro%p. 7ichtenstein sent his ne+t gro%p in to attac$, b%t <a!!arelli had !ormed a s>%are, chec$ing the charge. Once again, the lines opened %p and Nanso%ty,s heavies charged thro%gh, sending 7ichtenstein,s troops into a !%ll ro%te. 8t as no 1030. 8n the center, the battle as beginning to reach its clima+. (pproaching (%strians !rom 7angeron,s @econd col%mn, %nder the command o! Ma;orC?eneral 2amins$y and claiming to be allied "avarians, ere allo ed to get ithin 150 yards o! ?eneral ThiMba%lt,s 34th line regiment be!ore the 1=pdr artillery opened !ire, tearing massive holes in the line. The ens%ing battle raged !or 30 min%tes, as @aintC:ilaire as prevented !rom ithdra ing by an (%strian attac$ on the so%th. The (%strians !inally had eno%gh and p%lled bac$, only to be rein!orced by t o battalions o! the 2%rs$ 'egiment as ell as the -odolia regiment. The *rench, ho ever, ere in complete control o! the sit%ation along the ?oldbach, and ?eneral 7egrand as able to spare ?eneral 7evasse%r,s "rigade to assist. The 2%rs$ 'egiment as cr%shed, losing 1,550 men, its g%ns, and its colors hile the -odolia !led do nhill only to be stopped by the stone alls o! the pheasantry. 7angeron h%rried bac$ to a dr%n$en ?eneral "%+h5 den to report the sit%ation, and as ridic%led by the army commander in a heated e+change. The last card to be played by the (llies as committing the giants o! the '%ssian 8mperial ?%ard. *irst ordered to contest &andamme in a sho o! !orce, evaporating !ort%nes prompted ?rand A%$e <onstantine to commit the entire reserve. The grenadiers o! the g%ard attempted to r%sh the elevated !eat%re $no n as @tarM &inohrady and managed to brea$thro%gh &andamme,s 3rd brigade be!ore being rep%lsed by artillery. &andamme then ordered the Eth line regiment to p%rs%e and prevent the '%ssians !rom re!orming9 a move that as d%ly met by a charge by the 15 available s>%adrons o! the ?%ard <avalry ith 1000 c%irassiers. The leading battalion !ormed a s>%are to meet the charge, b%t at the last second, the cavalry veered o!! to reveal horse artillery hich opened !ire on the s>%are %sing canister shot. &andamme attempted to rein!orce ith the =Eth regiment, b%t it as too late and the Eth bro$e. The gap as !illed by Napoleon,s o n 8mperial ?%ard, ith Marshal "essiNres sending <olonal Morland ith three s>%adrons o! chasse%rsCOCcheval, three o! grenadiersC OC cheval and a battery o! horse artillery. <onstantine co%ntered ith <hevalier ?ardes .a !ormation comprised o! nobleCborn horsemen0 and the ?%ard <ossac$s. 1hen the @emenovs$y and -reobrazens$y 7i!e ?%ards reCentered the combat, the *rench ?%ard cavalry s%ddenly !o%nd themselves %nder attac$ on three sides, and its commander, <olonel Morland, str%c$ dead. The grenadiers and horse artillery managed to e+tract the chasse%rs, b%t only a!ter heavy losses ere ta$en.
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The sit%ation at the moment appeared blea$. @aving the day, ho ever, as 8 <orps Aro%et d,)rlon,s leading brigade %nder the command o! <olonel ?Mrard. Napoleon, @o%lt and "ernadotte o%ld all claim credit !or this !ort%nate tactical stro$e, hich allo ed time !or the sit%ation to stabilize. Napoleon then ordered more ?%ard cavalry into the !ray, ith his senior aide, ?eneral 6ean 'app, leading t o s>%adrons o! chasse%rs and the spectac%lar Mamel%$es o! the ?%ard regiment, adorned in their oriental splendor. (nother detachment o! grenadiers as also sent in to s%pport the chasse%rs. 8n one instance, d,)rlon,s brigade t%rned bac$ an a%dacio%s attempt by '%ssian cavalry to ride thro%gh their ran$s and attac$ the re!orming chasse%rs. 1ith the <hevaliers engaged in handCtoChand combat and !aring poorly, the ?%ard in!antrymen co%ld not bring their m%s$ets to bear o%t o! !ear o! hitting their comrades. @%ddenly, the '%ssian ?%ard bro$e, retreating at !%ll tilt to ards 2rzeno itz, d%e est o! (%sterlitz. :ad it not been !or "ernadotte,s typical inaction, the entire '%ssian ?%ard co%ld have been destroyed at that moment. 8nstead, the Marshal halted his troops at the edge o! the -ratzen :eights, observing the '%ssian retreat. 8t as no abo%t 1E00 ho%rs, and the (llied center had ceased to e+ist. To the north, "agration had ithdra n east ard in good order, and it as no longer convenient !or Napoleon to proceed ith his original plan o! enveloping and destroying this %nit. "ernadotte as ordered to deploy on the -ratzen and @tarM &inohrady, hile @aintC:ilaire, &andamme, and the 8mperial ?%ard ere to t%rn so%th and set abo%t the destr%ction o! "%+h5 den,s army. 1ith e+pert timing, *riant la%nched an attac$ on @o$olnitz ith the 33rd regiment, and s%rviving elements o! the E8th, along ith remnants o! the Tiraille%rs d% -P and <orses .light in!antry o! the -o and <orsica0. This assa%lt penetrated as !ar as the castle, and sent the disorganized (llies, no itho%t a or$ing command str%ct%re, into general panic. They ere ;%st no becoming a are o! the *rench troops marching to ards them o!! the -ratzen. The (llied advance as marred by tra!!ic snarls and chaos, and its attempted ithdra al as !ar orse. -ryzbys s$y !o%nd himsel! %nder attac$ !rom the rear by the 34th regiment, and E,000 troops ere !orced to s%rrender. Aoctorov, 2ienmayer and 7angeron ere eng%l!ed by *riant, @aintC:ilaire, and &andamme, ith Marshal Aavo%t ordering Hlet no one escape.H &andamme as ordered to seize (%;est Mar$t, the only viable aven%e o! retreat. The general e+ec%ted these orders despite ta$ing heavy cas%alties !rom a large '%ssian battery .claimed to be as m%ch as 50 g%ns0. HIo% cannot ma$e omelettes itho%t brea$ing a !e eggs,H &andamme remar$ed.

The rout is on.

The main aven%e o! retreat bloc$ed, the (llies began ithdra ing to ards the !rozen @atschan ponds. Napoleon had deployed =5 cannon overloo$ing the scene. There ere !e aven%es o! passage thro%gh the ponds, and one bridge collapsed %nder the eight o! a retreating artillery piece. (nother ca%se ay as bloc$ed hen a ho itzer shell str%c$ an amm%nition cart, ca%sing a massive e+plosion. Men and horses began crossing the !rozen ice, and Napoleon ordered his cannon to be loaded ith hot shot .iron balls heated %ntil red hot0. @helling the ice, the res%lting havoc res%lted in n%mero%s cas%alties, partic%larly among horses. 38 cannon ere recovered !rom the aters a!ter ard. "%+h5 den o%ld escape ith ;%st =,000 men, or 4Q o! his original command. Aftermath <as%alty !ig%res ere abo%t =,000 dead and 7,000 o%nded and one colo%r .Eth lineR888 <orps0 !or the *rench, and 14,000 dead and o%nded and E5 colors lost !or the (llies. 30,000 prisoners ere also ta$en by the *rench. The !ollo ing day, )mperor *rancis re>%ested an a%dience ith Napoleon. The *rench set o%t in p%rs%it o! the '%ssian army, and event%ally Aavo%t ca%ght %p ith 2%t%sov, b%t spared the army %nder ass%rance that an armistice had been concl%ded .it had not0. On Aecember E, Napoleon and *rancis concl%ded an armistice to immediately end hostility bet een *rench and (%strian troops, and e+tended the provisions to the '%ssian army i! they agreed to ret%rn to their o n soil. On Aecember =4, the -eace o! -ressb%rg is concl%ded. 8n reparation, (%stria as ordered to cede to *rance the territories o! <leve and "erg along the 'hine,
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the (lpine region o! Ne%chatel, and Trieste and Aalmatia along the (driatic <oast. "avaria, mean hile, as to gain @ abia and 1%rzb%rg. The Third <oalition as essentially at an end. 8ts architect, 1illiam -itt the Io%nger, devastated by the events o! (%sterlitz and the o%tcome o! the 1805, died several ee$s later in 6an%ary o! 1804. The -r%ssians o%ld enter the pict%re all too late, m%ch to their event%al mis!ort%ne as Napoleon,s victories o%ld contin%e on the !ields o! 6ena and (%erstadt.

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