Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.

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LT 4.1 Types of Elements
_____LT 4.1 I can identify reactants and products in a chemical equation

2H2 + O2 2H2O
1. What are the reactants in the chemical equation above? a.

2H2 + O2

2. Explain your answer to #1. a. Any substance listed on the left hand side of an chemical equation is considered a reactant

3. In humans, glucose combines with oxygen to product carbon dioxide and water according to the chemical reaction below:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O

One of your friends who is taking Biology tells you that O2 is a product because humans make sugar in their bodies. Using your knowledge of chemistry, are they correct or incorrect? Why? They are incorrect because O2 is listed on the left hand side of the equation. Therefore O2 is considered a reactant.

LT 4.2 Counting Atoms

_____LT 4.2 I can calculate the number of atoms in a compound 1. How many atoms of each element are in 4CO2?

C: ___4______

O: _____8____

2. How many atoms of each element are in 2(NH4)2CO3?

Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.11

N: __4_____ H: __16_____ C: ____2___ O: ___6____

3. In question #1, what is the number 4 called and what does it mean/tell you? a. In question 1, the number 4 is called the coefficient. The coefficient tells you the number of moles you have of the molecule on the right of the number. In this case, you have 4 moles of CO2

LT 4.3 Conservation of Mass

_____LT 4.3 I can explain the Law of Conservation of Mass 1. If 10 grams of reactants are used in the below reaction, what is the total mass of the products?

3H2 + N2 2NH3
a. b. c. d. 5g 10 g 20 g 40 g

2. Explain how you chose your answer above. a. The law of conservation of mass states that the mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products. Therefore, the total mass of the products must be the same as the mass of the reactants. b. *NOTE: The total number of atoms in the reactants must also be the same

3. What does the conservation of matter tell us about a chemical reaction? a. The total number of elements in the reactants must equal the total number of elements in the products. This is how we are able to balance equations.

Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.11

4. A pipe made out of iron (Fe) reacts with oxygen in the air (O2) to form rust (Fe2O3) according to the following equation:

Fe + O2 Fe2O3
If the mass of the rust is 10,000 g and the pipe weighed 8,200 g, how much oxygen reacted with the pipe? How do you know? a. There would be 800g of oxygen that reacted with the pipe because 8,200g and 800g of oxygen would add up to a total of 10,000g

LT 4.7 The Mole

_____LT 4.7 I can define a mole 1. In your own words, explain what a mole is. a. A mole is 6.02 x1023 of any substance.

2. Why do chemists use the unit of a mole instead of a dozen? a. Atoms are very tiny. A mole is a very large number and is useful in counting large quantities of atoms.

3. How is Avogadros number defined? a. The number of atoms in 14.01 grams of Nitrogen b. The number of atoms in 12.01 grams of Carbon c. The number of atoms in 12.01 grams of Nitrogen d. Both a and b e. Both a, b and c 4. Explain your answer above a. Avagadro came up with the number for a mole by taking the mass of 1 gram of carbon which weighs 12.01 grams.

LT 4.8 Avogadros Number

Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.11

_____LT 4.8 I can relate a mole to Avogadros number 1. What is Avogadros number? a. 6.02 x1023

2. Which would you rather have, 1 mole of Hot Cheetos, or 6 x 1023 Hot Cheetos? Why? a. Answer may vary. Know that 1 mole = 6.02 x1023 There fore the amount is about the same. 1 exact mole would be more hot Cheetos than 6 x 1023

3. Write Avogadros number as two conversion factors. a. 6.02 x 1023 any substance = 1 mole b. 6 x 1023 of hydrogen = 1 g/mole (1g/mol is taken from the atomic mass of the periodic table)

LT 4.9 Molar Mass

_____LT 4.9 I can define and calculate the molar mass of a compound 1. Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds. Dont forget units. a. Mg(OH)2: _58g/mol___ b. C6H12O6: ___180g/mol___

2. You are given two cups. In cup A, there is 1 mole of water. In cup B, there are 18 g of water. Which cup has more water? Explain your answer. a. The cups of water are the same because 1 mole of water has a mass of 18 grams. This is true because if I add the molar mass of water, it will add up to 18 grams.

Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.11

3. You have 1 mole of CO2 gas in a balloon in your left hand and 1 mole of N2O gas in a balloon in your right hand. Which balloon is heavier? Explain your answer. a. 1 mole of CO2 has a mass of 44g/mol. 1 mole of N2O has a mass of 44g/mol. Therefore neither balloon is heavier because 1 mole of each gas weighs 44g

NOTE: For LT 4.10-4.12 Instead of setting up a T-chart for dimensional analysis, you can use this instead:

LT 4.10 Grams to Moles

_____LT 4.10 I can convert between grams and moles 1. A balloon contains 4 moles of N2 gas. What is the mass of the gas inside the balloon? a. 1 mole of N2 has a mass of 28g/mol b. Therefore 4 moles of N2 has a mass of 28g/mol x4mol = 112g c. *Set up T-chart for dimensional analysis.

2. The average adult can breathe in 16 g of O2 in one breath. How many moles of O2 can they breathe in?

Unit 4 Study Guide: Answer Key 4.1 4.11

a. 1 mole of O2 ihas a mass of 32g/mole. Therefore they can breath in moles of O2 b. *Set up T-chart for dimensional analysis.

3. You just aced a test in a college class and your professor gives you two choices for a reward. You can either have a pencil made out of 2 moles of pure Silver (Ag) or a pencil made out of 210 g of pure Silver (Ag). Which one would you rather have? (Assume the molar mass of Silver to be 110 g/mol) a. Assuming I love silver and want to make money I would take the 2 moles of silver because 2 moles of silver has a greater mass than 210g of silver. (* Be sure to show work and know how to calculate)

LT 4.11 Moles and Particles

_____LT 4.11 I can convert between moles and particles 1. A balloon contains 4 moles of N2 gas. How many molecules of N2 are inside of the balloon? a. Set up t-chart for dimensional analysis. b. 4 moles x 6.02x1023 atoms of N2 = _________________ molecules of N2

2. The average adult can breathe in 12 x 1023 molecules of O2 in one breath. How many moles of O2 can they breathe in? a. Set up t-chart for dimensional analysis. b. 12x1023 atoms of O2 x 1mole/6.02x1023 atoms = _________________ moles of O2 3. You just won Royal of the Week and instead of getting a t-shirt, Wandera offers you two different prizes. You can either have 3 moles of a diamond or 24 x 1023 atoms of diamond. Remember, diamond is made out of pure Carbon. a. 18.06x1023 < 24 x 1023 atoms of diamond. I would rather have 24 x 1023 atoms of diamond than 3 moles of diamonds because I would get more diamonds