Citizens' Arrest In South Africa

Any South African citizen may execute an arrest for "any conspiracy, incitement, or attempt to commit any offense" [2|3|5], pertaining to any Schedule 1 offense, as determined y !"# $%&'&(A) *%+$#,-%#S A$! +. 1/00, Act 51 [2|3], and !"# $%&'&(A) )A1 A'#(,'#(! A$! +. 2220, Section 3 and 34 Lawful Citizens' Arrest !"# S+-!" A.%&$A( $%&'&(A) *%+$#,-%#S A$! +. 1/00, A$! 51, S#$!&+( 32, says concerning an "Arrest by private person without warrant" 5 14 A(6 *%&7A!# *#%S+( 'A6 1&!"+-! 1A%%A(! A%%#S! A(6 *#%S+( 8 9A: 1"+ $+''&!S +% A!!#'*!S !+ $+''&! &( "&S *%#S#($# +% 1"+' "# %#AS+(A;)6 S-S*#$!S +. "A7&(< $+''&!!#, A( +..#(S# %#.#%%#, !+ &( S$"#,-)# 1= 9;: 1"+' "# %#AS+(A;)6 ;#)&#7#S !+ "A7# $+''&!!#, A(6 +..#(S# A(, !+ ;# #S$A*&(< .%+' A(, !+ ;# .%#S")6 *-%S-#, ;6 A *#%S+( 1"+' S-$" *%&7A!# *#%S+( %#AS+(A;)6 ;#)&#7#S !+ "A7# A-!"+%&!6 !+ A%%#S! !"A! *#%S+( .+% !"A! +..#(S#= 9$: 1"+' "# &S ;6 A(6 )A1 A-!"+%&>#, !+ A%%#S! 1&!"+-! 1A%%A(! &( %#S*#$! +. A(6 +..#(S# S*#$&.&#, &( !"A! )A1= 9,: 1"+' "# S##S #(<A<#, &( A( A..%A6 [.1]= 24 A(6 *%&7A!# *#%S+( 1"+ 'A6 1&!"+-! 1A%%A(! A%%#S! A(6 *#%S+( -(,#% S-;S#$!&+( 1 8 9A: 'A6 .+%!"1&!" *-%S-# !"A! *#%S+(, A(, A(6 +!"#% *%&7A!# *#%S+( !+ 1"+' !"# *-%*+S# +. !"# *-%S-&! "AS ;##( 'A,# ?(+1(, 'A6 @+&( A(, ASS&S! !"#%#&(4 34 !"# +1(#%, )A1.-) +$$-*&#%, +% *#%S+( &( $"A%<# +. *%+*#%!6 +( +% &( %#S*#$! +. 1"&$" A(6 *#%S+( &S .+-(, $+''&!!&(< A(6 +..#(S#, A(, A(6 *#%S+( A-!"+%&>#, !"#%#!+ ;6 S-$" +1(#%, +$$-*&#% +% *#%S+( &( $"A%<#, 'A6 1&!"+-! 1A%%A(! A%%#S! !"# *#%S+( S+ .+-(,4 !"# S+-!" A.%&$A( $%&'&(A) *%+$#,-%#S A$! +. 1/00, A$! 51, S#$!&+( 3/, says concerning the "Manner and effect of arrest" 5 14 A( A%%#S! S"A)) ;# #..#$!#, 1&!" +% 1&!"+-! A 1A%%A(!, A(,, -()#SS !"# *#%S+( !+ ;# A%%#S!#, S-;'&!S !+ $-S!+,6, ;6 A$!-A))6 !+-$"&(< "&S ;+,6 +%, &. !"# $&%$-'S!A($#S S+ %#A-&%#, ;6 .+%$&;)6 $+(.&(&(< "&S ;+,64 24 !"# *#%S+( #..#$!&(< A( A%%#S! S"A)), A! !"# !&'# +. #..#$!&(< !"# A%%#S! +% &''#,&A!#)6 A.!#% #..#$!&(< !"# A%%#S!, &(.+%' !"# A%%#S!#, *#%S+( +. !"# $A-S# +. !"# A%%#S! A(,, &( $AS# +. A( A%%#S! #..#$!#, ;6 7&%!-# +. A 1A%%A(!, -*+( !"# ,#'A(, +. !"# *#%S+( A%%#S!#, "A(, "&' A $+*6 +. !"# 1A%%A(!4 34 !"# #..#$! +. A( A%%#S! S"A)) ;# !"A! !"# *#%S+( A%%#S!#, S"A)) ;# &( )A1.-) $-S!+,6 A(, !"A! "# S"A)) ;# ,#!A&(#, &( $-S!+,6 -(!&) "# &S )A1.-))6 ,&S$"A%<#, +% %#)#AS#, .%+' $-S!+,64 Unlawful Citizens' Arrest !"# S+-!" A.%&$A( $%&'&(A) *%+$#,-%#S A$! +. 1/00, A$! 51, S#$!&+( 53, says concerning the "Saving of civil law rights and liability" 5 S-;@#$! !+ !"# *%+7&S&+(S +. S#$!&+( 3B A(, 331, (+ *%+7&S&+( +. !"&S $"A*!#% %#)A!&(< !+ A%%#S! S"A)) ;# $+(S!%-#, AS %#'+7&(< +% ,&'&(&S"&(< A(6 $&7&) %&<"! +% )&A;&)&!6 +. A(6 *#%S+( &( %#S*#$! +. A 1%+(<.-) +% 'A)&$&+-S A%%#S!4 Examples AlCays taDe into consideration that you may only execute $itizensE Arrest for Schedule 1 offenses, and no other4 F Sodomy is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4GGG [2] F *rostitution is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3] F ,rug8dealing is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [2|5] F *u lic drunDenness is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3] F ,umping ru ish is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3] F )ittering is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3] F -rinating in pu lic is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3] F A usiHe language is (+! a Schedule 1 offense4 [3]

Schedule 1 Offenses F !reason F Sedition F 'urder

[2|3|5]

5 "serious acts of betrayal of one's sovereign or nation" 5 "to inspire insurrection"

[B]

[3]

[2|3|5]

[2|3|5]

5 "the unlawful killing of another human being with intent"

[0]

F $ulpa le "omicide [2|3|5]5 "the purposeful, reckless, or negligent (but not necessarily illegal) act of killing a human being" [I|/] F %ape [2|3|5] or $ompelled %ape [3|5]5 as contemplated in !"# $%&'&(A) )A1 A'#(,'#(! A$! +. 2220, Section 3, concerning Sexual +ffenses and %elated 'atters4 [3] F &ndecent Assault [2], Sexual Assault, $ompelled Sexual Assault, or $ompelled Self8Sexual Assault [3|5]5 as contemplated in !"# $%&'&(A) )A1 A'#(,'#(! A$! +. 2220, Section 5 and 0, concerning Sexual +ffenses and %elated 'atters4 [3] F Any sexual offense against a child or the mentally disa led [3|5]5 as contemplated in !"# $%&'&(A) )A1 A'#(,'#(! A$! +. 2220, Section 3 and 3, concerning Sexual +ffenses and %elated 'atters4 [3] F "uman !rafficDing for sexual reasons [3|5]5 as contemplated in !"# $%&'&(A) )A1 A'#(,'#(! A$! +. 2220, Section 01, concerning Sexual +ffenses and %elated 'atters4 F ;estiality
[2|3|5|12] [3]

5 "the practice of se between humans and animals"

[11]

F !heftGGGG [2|3|5]5 "the illegal taking of another person's property without that person's freely! given consent" [12], y stealth or fraud [13] F %o ery
[2|3|5]

5 "the crime of sei"ing property through violence or intimidation"

[2|3|5]

[13]

F ?noCingly receiHing stolen goods

F ?idnapping [2|3|5] or $hildstealing [2|3]5 the taDing aCay, or asportation, of any indiHidual, y force or fraud, against his or her Cill, Chether an adult or a minor4 [13] F .raud [2|3|5]5 "an intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual" [1B]4 F *u lic 7iolence
[2|3|5]

or Assault

[2|3|5]

5 especially Chen a dangerous Cound is inflicted4

[2|3]

F Arson [2|3|5]5 "the crime of deliberately and maliciously setting fire to structures or wildland areas" [15] F 'alicious damage or inJury to *roperty
[2|3|5]

5
[2|3]

F ;reaDing and entering any *roperty, Cith the intent to commit and offenseGGGG

F .orgery, or DnoCingly using either, forged documents [2|3|5] or coinage [2|3]5 "the process of making, adapting, or imitating ob#ects, statistics, or documents, with the intent to deceive" [10] F &ntimidation [2|5]5 "behavior which would cause a person of ordinary sensibilities fear of in#ury or harm" [1I]

Summary A-!"+%&>#, !+ A%%#S! F Any South African citizen may arrest anyone Cho commits or attempts to commit a Schedule 1 offense4 F Any South African citizens may arrest anyone Cho heKshe reasona ly suspects of haHing committed a Schedule 1 offense4 F Any South African citizen may arrest anyone attempting to escape a security officer, police officer, detectiHe, or national security officer4 F Any South African citizen may arrest anyone engaged in fighting4 F Any South African citizen may pursue anyone Cho committed a Schedule 1 offense, and may authorize anyone else to assist them4 F Any South African citizen may arrest anyone on any property they oCn, rent, or guard4 G F Any South African citizen may physically su due a suspect, Chen resisting arrest4 F South African citizens "are privately liable if $they% perform an unlawful arrest"
[3]

F AlCays remem er that Chile South African citizens may not execute a $itizensE Arrest for Schedule 2 +ffenses 9except Chen duly authorized to do so y a *olice +fficial:, they may still offer eye Citness testimony in $ourt4 (+!&.&$A!&+( +. A%%#S! F Any South African citizen must inform the suspect of the reason for his or her arrest, either Chile performing it, or immediately thereafter4 .+))+1&(< !"# A%%#S! F .rom the moment of arrest, the suspect has the right to consult a laCyer4GG
[1]

F Apart from giHing his or her name and address, the suspect has "the right to remain silent"4 "e or she is under no legal o ligation to ansCer any Luestions, ChatsoeHer, until his or her laCyer is present4 [1] F (o South African citizen may release any suspect, unless laCfully discharged or released from custody y a *olice +fficial4