Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

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Faraday's Law of 1Induction

EQUIPMENT INCLUDED: 1 Induction Wand 1 Variable Gap Magnet 1 Large Rod tand $ %# c& Long teel Rod 1 Multi 'la&p 1 Voltage en(or 1 Magnetic )ield en(or 1 Rotar+ Motion en(or NOT INCLUDED, UT !EQUI!ED: 1 Ma(( ,alance 1 Meter tic1 cienceWor-(.op #00 Interface 1 /ata tudio oft0are INT!ODUCTION * 1oltage i( induced in a coil (0inging t.roug. a &agnetic field2 )arada+3( La0 and Len43 La0 are e5a&ined and t.e energ+ di((ipated in a load re(i(tor i( co&pared to t.e lo(( of a&plitude of t.e coil pendulu&2 * rigid pendulu& 0it. coil at it( end (0ing( t.roug. a .or(e(.oe &agnet2 * re(i(ti1e load i( connected acro(( t.e coil and t.e induced 1oltage i( recorded u(ing a Voltage en(or and t.e angle i( &ea(ured 0it. a Rotar+ Motion en(or t.at al(o act( a( a pi1ot for t.e pendulu&2 6.e induced 1oltage i( plotted 1er(u( ti&e and angle2 6.e po0er di((ipated in t.e re(i(tor i( calculated fro& t.e 1oltage and t.e energ+ con1erted to t.er&al energ+ i( deter&ined b+ finding t.e area under t.e po0er 1er(u( ti&e cur1e2 6.i( energ+ i( co&pared to t.e lo(( of potential energ+ deter&ined fro& t.e a&plitude of t.e pendulu&2 )arada+3( La0 i( u(ed to e(ti&ate t.e &agnetic field of t.e &agnet fro& t.e &a5i&u& induced 1oltage2 *l(o7 t.e direction of t.e induced 1oltage a( t.e coil enter( and lea1e( t.e &agnetic field i( e5a&ined and anal+4ed u(ing Len43 La02 EM-8099 EM-8618 ME-8!"# ME-8!"6 ME-9#0! 'I-6#0" 'I-6#$0* 'I-6#"8 E-8!$" E-!""" 'I-6%00 'I-68!0

Part I: Induc"d "#f

T$EO!% *ccording to )arada+3( La0 of Induction7 a c.anging &agnetic flu5 t.roug. a coil induce( an e&f gi1en b+

Written by Ann Hanks

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

Page $ of 6

E = N

d dt

819

0.ere = B d A = BA for a &agnetic field 8B9 0.ic. i( con(tant o1er t.e area 8A9 and perpendicular to t.e area2 i( t.e nu&ber of turn( of 0ire in t.e coil2 )or t.i( e5peri&ent7 t.e area of t.e coil i( con(tant and a( t.e coil pa((e( into or out of t.e &agnetic field7 t.ere i( an a1erage e&f gi1en b+ B E = NA 2 8$9 t &ET UP 12 $2 "2 Put a rod in t.e (tand and cla&p t.e cro((-rod to it a( (.o0n in )igure 12 Put t.e Rotar+ Motion en(or at t.e end of t.e cro((-rod2 *ttac. t.e coil 0and to t.e Rotar+ Motion en(or 0it. t.e tab( on t.e "-(tep pulle+ :u(t to t.e (ide( of t.e 0and a( (.o0n in )igure $2 Put t.e pole plate( on t.e &agnet a( (.o0n in )igure "2 *d:u(t t.e gap bet0een t.e &agnet pole( (o t.e coil 0and 0ill be able to pa(( t.roug. but put t.e &agnet pole( a( clo(e toget.er a( po((ible2

6ab

%# )o*e )*ates %2 #2

!i"ure 1# $od Stand 6ab !i"ure &abs !i"ure '# (a"net

*d:u(t t.e .eig.t of t.e coil (o it i( in t.e &iddle of t.e &agnet2 *lign t.e 0and fro& (ide-to-(ide (o it 0ill (0ing t.roug. t.e &agnet 0it.out .itting it2 Plug t.e Voltage en(or into '.annel * of t.e cienceWor-(.op #00 interface2 Plug t.e Rotar+ Motion en(or into '.annel( 1 and $2 Plug t.e Magnetic )ield en(or into '.annel ,2 Plug t.e Voltage en(or banana plug( into t.e banana :ac-( on t.e end of t.e coil 0and2 /rape t.e Voltage en(or 0ire( o1er t.e rod( a( (.o0n in )igure 1 (o t.e 0ire( 0ill not e5ert a tor;ue on t.e coil a( it (0ing(2 It .elp( to .old t.e 0ire( up 0.ile recording data2

62

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

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!2

<pen t.e /ata tudio file called =Induced e&f2d(=2

P!OCEDU!E 12 'lic- 6*R62 Wit. t.e pole plate( on t.e &agnet7 u(e t.e Magnetic )ield en(or to &ea(ure t.e &agnetic field (trengt. bet0een t.e &agnet pole(2 'lic- 6<P2 >ote 0.ic. pole of t.e &agnet i( t.e nort. pole2 'lic- 6*R6 and pull t.e coil 0and bac- and let it (0ing t.roug. t.e &agnet2 6.en clic- 6<P2 ?(e t.e Magnifier 6ool to enlarge t.e portion of t.e 1oltage 1(2 ti&e grap. 0.ere t.e coil pa((ed t.roug. t.e &agnet2 ?(e t.e &ou(e to .ig.lig.t t.e fir(t pea- and find t.e a1erage 1oltage2 ?(e t.e &art 'ur(or to deter&ine t.e difference in ti&e fro& t.e beginning to t.e end of t.e fir(t pea-2

$2 "2

%2 #2

!i"ure 4# +oi* )asses throu"h (a"net 'N'L%&I& 12 $2 "2 'alculate t.e 1alue of t.e a1erage e&f u(ing E;uation 8$92 'o&pare t.i( 1alue to t.e 1alue &ea(ured fro& t.e grap.2 Identif+ on t.e grap. 0.ere t.e coil i( entering t.e &agnet and 0.ere t.e coil i( lea1ing t.e &agnet2 I( t.e e&f of t.e fir(t pea- po(iti1e or negati1e@ 6a-ing into account t.e direction t.e 0ire i( 0rapped around t.e coil7 doe( t.e (ign of t.e e&f corre(pond to t.e direction e5pected u(ing Len43( La0@ W.+ i( t.e (ign of t.e e&f of t.e (econd pea- oppo(ite to t.e (ign of t.e fir(t pea-@ W.+ i( t.e e&f 4ero 0.en t.e coil i( pa((ing t.roug. t.e e5act center of t.e &agnet@

%2 #2

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

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Part II: En"r(y

T$EO!% If t.e center of &a(( of t.e pendulu& (tart( fro& re(t at an initial .eig.t .i7 it( potential energ+ i( ? A &g.i2 8"9 *( t.e pendulu& (0ing( and pa((e( t.roug. t.e &agnet7 (o&e energ+ i( lo(t to &ec.anical frictional .eat and (o&e energ+ i( con1erted to electrical energ+ and t.en to t.er&al energ+ in t.e re(i(tor2 6.u( t.e center of &a(( of t.e pendulu& doe( not ri(e to t.e (a&e .eig.t but rat.er to a lo0er final .eig.t7 .f2 ee )igure #2 6.e total energ+ lo(t b+ t.e pendulu& i( e;ual to it( c.ange in potential energ+B
&ota*Ener"y/ost = . = -" ( h , hi )

8%9

!i"ure 0# +oi* Hei"ht 1ecreases 6.e t.er&al energ+ di((ipated in t.e re(i(tor 8R9 i( gi1en b+

E = )dt = *rea ?nder P 1(2 6 grap. 8#9

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

Page # of 6

0.ere P i( t.e po0er and t i( ti&e2

2 6.e po0er i( gi1en b+ ) = I $ ( $ + r ) = 8 $ + r 9 r
$

869

0.ere V i( t.e 1oltage acro(( t.e re(i(tor 8r97 I i( t.e current t.roug. t.e coil7 and R i( t.e re(i(tance of t.e coil2 ee )igure 62 In t.i( e5peri&ent7 R A 129 and r A %2! 2 !i"ure 3# +oi* and $esistor +ircuit

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

Page 6 of 6

P!OCEDU!E 12 Re&o1e t.e coil 0and and plug in t.e %2! re(i(tor to t.e end of t.e 0and .andle2 )ind t.e coil 0and( center of &a(( b+ balancing it on t.e edge of a table2 Mea(ure t.e di(tance fro& t.e pi1ot point to t.e center of &a((2 Re&o1e t.e &agnet pole plate(2 *ttac. t.e coil 0and to t.e Rotar+ Motion en(or and plug in t.e Voltage en(or a( (.o0n in )igure !2 <pen t.e /ata tudio file called =Induction Energ+2d(=2 )ir(t7 t.e a&ount of energ+ lo(t to friction 0ill be &ea(ured b+ letting t.e pendulu& (0ing 0it.out t.e coil connected in a co&plete circuit2 Pull t.e re(i(tor plug out and plug it bac- in 0it. one of it( plug( out to t.e (ide and one plug in t.e 0and 8(ee )igure 892 6.i( 0ill di(connect t.e coil 0.ile not c.anging t.e center of &a(( or di(connecting t.e Voltage en(or 0ire(2

$2

"2 %2

!i"ure 4# +oi* and $esistor

!i"ure 5# $esistor 1isconnected #2 'lic- 6*R6 0it. t.e coil at re(t in it( e;uilibriu& po(ition bet0een t.e coil(2 6.en rotate t.e 0and to an initial angle of $# degree( and let it go2 'lic- 6<P after it .a( (0ung to t.e ot.er (ide2 Mea(ure t.e angle to 0.ic. t.e pendulu& ri(e( after it pa((e( once t.roug. t.e &agnet2 'alculate t.e initial and final .eig.t( u(ing t.e di(tance fro& t.e center of &a(( to t.e 01$-1$9$"*

62

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Induction (ScienceWorkshop) EX-9914A

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pi1ot and t.e initial and final angle(2 'alculate t.e energ+ lo(t to friction u(ing E;uation 8%92 !2 82 Reconnect t.e re(i(tor 0it. bot. plug( in t.e 0and2 6.i( co&plete( t.e (erie( circuit of t.e re(i(tor and coil2 'lic- 6*R6 0it. t.e coil at re(t in it( e;uilibriu& po(ition bet0een t.e coil(2 6.en rotate t.e 0and to an initial angle of $# degree( and let it go2 'lic- 6<P after it .a( (0ung to t.e ot.er (ide2 Mea(ure t.e angle to 0.ic. t.e pendulu& ri(e( after it pa((e( once t.roug. t.e &agnet2 'alculate t.e initial and final .eig.t( u(ing t.e di(tance fro& t.e center of &a(( to t.e pi1ot and t.e initial and final angle(2 'alculate t.e total energ+ lo(t u(ing E;uation 8%92 Cig.lig.t bot. pea-( on t.e po0er 1(2 ti&e grap. and find t.e area2 6.i( area i( t.e energ+ di((ipated b+ t.e re(i(tor2 *dd t.e energ+ di((ipated b+ t.e re(i(tor and t.e energ+ lo(t to friction2 'o&pare t.i( to t.e total energ+ lo(t b+ t.e pendulu&2

92

102 112

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