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5.

Combinatorics, probability and counting


1) Of the 12 temporary employees in a certain company, 4 will be hired as permanent employees. If 5 of the 12 temporary employees are women, how many of the possible groups of 4 temporary employees consist of women and 1 man! ")22 #) 5 C)5$ %)&' ()1'5 2) )* In a certain bag there are 12 identical blue balls, y identical yellow balls and no other ball. One ball will randomly remo+ed. If the probability is less than 2, that the remo+ed ball will be blue, then what is the least number of yellow balls that must be in the bag! a. 1& b. 1c. 1. d. 2' e. 21

3) A certain office supply store stocks 2 sizes of self-stick notepads, each in 4 colors: Blue, Green, Yellow r !ink" #he store packs the notepads in pacaka$es that contain either 3 notepads of the sa%e size and the sa%e color or 3 notepads of the sa%e size and of 3 different colors" &f the order in which teh colors are packed is not considered, how %any different packa$es of the types descri'ed a'o(e are possi'le) A) * B) + C) 16 ,) 24 -) 32
4) " couple decides to ha+e 4 children. If they succeed in ha+ng 4 children and each child is e/ually li0ely to be a boy or a girl, what is the probablity that they will ha+e e1actly 2 boys and 2 girls! ") ,#)1,4 C) ,1$ %) 1,()1,1$

5) "t a dinner party, 5 people are to be seated around a circular table. 2wo seating arrangements are considered different only when the positions of people are different relati+e to each other. 3hat is the total no. of different possible seating arrangements for the group! $) " certain roller coaster has cars, and a pasenger is e/ually li0ely to ride in any 1 of cars each time he,she rides. If a certain passenger is to ride the roller coaster 1, what4s the probability that the passenger will ride in each of the cars!

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-) 5i1 students are e/ually di+ided into groups, then, the three groups were assigned to three different topics. 6ow many different arrangements are possible! 7") ' 7#) $' 7C) .' 7%) 1-' 7() 54' .) 2he lifetimes of all the batteries produced by a certain company in a year ha+e a distribution that is symmetric about the mean m. If the distribution has a standard de+iation of d, what percent of the distribution is greater than m 8 d !

7a) $- percent of the distribution lies in the inter+al from m9 d to m8d, inclusi+e 7b) 1$ percent of the distribution is less than m : d 1') " certain ;ar contains only <b< blac0 marbles, <w< white marbles and <r< red marbles. If one marble is to be chosen at random from the ;ar, is the probability that the marble chosen is red greater than the probability that the marble chosen will be white! 1) r,7b8w) = w,7b8r) 2) b 9 w = r 11) )uestion* >rom a group of 4 married couples, a team of four is to be selected such that only one person from a couple is selected. ") 1$ b) 24 c) 2$ d) ' e) 2 12) " certain restaurant offers $ 0inds of cheese and 2 0inds of fruit for its desert platter. If each dessert platter contains an e/ual number of 0inds of cheese and 0inds of fruit, how many different dessert platters could the restaurant offer! a. b. 12 c. 15 d. 21 e. 2& 1 ) >or one toss of a certain coin, the probability that the outcome is heads is '.$. If this coin is tossed 5 times, which of the following is the probability that the outcome will be heads 4at least4 4 times! 7") 7'.$)?5 7#) 27'.$)?4 7C) @7'.$)?4A7'.4) 7%) 4@77'.$)?4)7'.4)A 8 7'.$)?5 7() 5@77'.$)?4)7'.4)A 8 7'.$)?5

14) Circle with center 71,y) and radius r such that rB182 or rBy82 to be constructed in 1y9 plane. 2he range of possible 19coordinate is 94CB1CB4 and y9coordinate is 9-CByC$. Di+en these conditions, how many different circles could be constructed ! 15) " certain restaurant offers $ 0inds of cheese and 2 0inds of fruit for its desert platter. If each dessert platter contains an e/ual number of 0inds of cheese and 0inds of fruit, how many different dessert platters could the restaurant offer! a. b. 12 c. 15 d. 21 e. 27 1$) " certain ;unior class has 1''' students and a certain senior class has -'' students. among these students there are $' sibling pairs, each consisting of 1 ;unior and 1 senior. If 1 student is to be selected at random from each class , what is the probability that 2 students selected will be sibling pair 1) ,4',''' 2)1, ,$'' ).,2,''' 4)1,$' 5)1,15 1&) >rom a group of 21 astronauts that includes 12 people with pre+ious e1perience in space flight, a 9person crew is to be selected so that e1actly 1 person in the crew has pre+ious e1perience in space flight. 6ow many different crew of this type are possible! ") 4 2 #) 5.4 C) -$4 %) 1, '

() &,.-' 1-) " certain law firm consists of 4 senior partners and $ ;unior partners. 6ow many different groups of partners can be formd in which at least one member of the group is a senior partner! 72wo groups are considered different if at least one group member is different) ") 4b) 1'' c) 12' d) 2-e) $''

1.) Eoshua and Eose wor0 at an auto repair center with 4 other wor0ers. >or a sur+ey on health care insurance, 2 of the $ wor0ers will be randomly chosen to be inter+iewed. 3hat is the probability that Eoshua and Eose will both be chosen! a)1,15 b)1,12 c)1,. d)1,$ e)1, 2') In a resturant4s dessert paltter, there are $ different 0inds of cheese and 2 different 0inds of fruits. If each platter consists of e/ual no. of cheese and fruits, how many different platters can be made! a. b. 12 c. 15 d. 21 e 2& 21) " committee of three people is to be chosen from four married couples. 3hat is the number of different committees that can be chosen if two people who are married to each other cannot both ser+e the committee! 1$ 24 2$ ' 2 22) " bas0et contains 5 apples of which 1 is spoiled and rest is good. If henry is to select 2 apples from the bas0et simultaneously and at random , what is probability that 2 apples selected will include the spoiled apple! 1) 1,5 2) ,1' ) 2,5 4) 1,2 5) ,5 2 ) Of the 12 temporary employees in a certain company, 4 will be hired as permanent employees. If 5 of the 12 temporary employees are women, how many of the possible groups of 4 temporary employees consist of women and 1 man! ")22 #) 5 C)5$

%)&' ()1'5 24) In a certain bag there are 12 identical blue balls, y identical yellow balls and no other ball. One ball will randomly remo+ed. If the probability is less than 2, that the remo+ed ball will be blue, then what is the least number of yellow balls that must be in the bag! a. 1& b. 1c. 1. d. 2' e. 21 25) " couple decides to ha+e 4 children. If they succeed in ha+ng 4 children and each child is e/ually li0ely to be a boy or a girl, what is the probablity that they will ha+e e1actly 2 boys and 2 girls! ") ,#)1,4 C) ,1$ %) 1,()1,1$ 2$) "t a dinner party, 5 people are to be seated around a circular table. 2wo seating arrangements are considered different only when the positions of people are different relati+e to each other. 3hat is the total no. of different possible seating arrangements for the group! 2&) " certain roller coaster has cars, and a pasenger is e/ually li0ely to ride in any 1 of cars each time he,she rides. If a certain passenger is to ride the roller coaster 1, what4s the probability that the passenger will ride in each of the cars! 2-) " certain bas0et contains 1' apples, & of which are red and are green. If different apples are to be selected at random from the bas0et, what is the probability that 2 of the apples selected will be red and 1 will be green! a) &,4' b) &,2' c) 4.,1'' d) 21,4' e) &,1'

2/) -ach of the 20 'alls in a certain 'o1 is either red, 'lue or white and has a nu%'er fro% 2 to 23 painted on it" &f one 'all is to 'e selected at rando% fro% the 'o1, what is the

pro'a'ility that the 'all selected will either 'e white or ha(e an e(en nu%'er painted on it) 2) #he pro'a'ility that the 'all will 'oth 'e white and ha(e an e(en nu%'er painted on it is 3" 2) #he pro'a'ility that the 'all will 'e white %inus the pro'a'ility that the 'all will ha(e an e(en nu%'er painted on it is 3"2"
') If the coin has e/ual probability of landing heads up or tails up each time it is flipped , what is the probability that the coin will land heads up e1actly twice in consecuti+e flips! 1) '.125 2) '.25 ) '. &5 4) '.5 5) '.$$$ 1) (ach of the 25 balls in a certain bo1 is either red, blue or white and has a number from 191' painted on it. If one ball is selected at random what is the probablity that the ball selected will either be white or ha+e an e+en number painted on it! a) 2he probablity that the ball will both be white and ha+e an e+en number is '. b) 2he probablity that the ball will both be white minus the probablity that the ball will ha+e an e+en number on it is '.2. 2) "ll of the stoc0s on the o+er the counter mar0et are designated with 49letter or 59letter code made up of 2$ letters of the alphabet. 3hich of the following gi+es the ma1 F of different stoc0s that can be designated! ) " certain stoc0 e1change designates each stoc0 with a one, two or three letter code , where each letter is selected from the 2$ letters of the alphabet. if the letters may be repeated and if the same letters used in a different order constitute a different code , how many different stoc0s is it possible to uni/uely designate with these codes! a) 2,.51 b)-,125 c)15,$'' d) 1$, '2 e) 1-,2&4) 3hat is the number of different committees of 4 people that can be selected from a group of 1' people! a) 2' b) 4' c) -' d) 12' e) 21'

5) "ll of the stoc0s on the o+er9the9counter mar0et are designated by either a 49letter or a 59letter code that is created by using the 2$ letters of the alphabet. 3hich of the following gi+es the ma1imum number of different stoc0s that can be designated with these codes! a. 272$?5) b. 2$72$?4) c. 2&72$?4) d. 2$72$?5) e. 2&72$?5) $) If a meal consists of 1 main course and 2 different side dishes how many combinations can be chosen 1' 2' 4' -' 1'' &) 5i1 students are e/ually di+ided into groups, then, the three groups were assigned to three different topics. 6ow many different arrangements are possible! 7") ' 7#) $' 7C) .' 7%) 1-' 7() 54' -) " certain ;ar contains only <b< blac0 marbles, <w< white marbles and <r< red marbles. If one marble is to be chosen at random from the ;ar, is the probability that the marble chosen is red greater than the probability that the marble chosen will be white! 1) r,7b8w) = w,7b8r) 2) b 9 w = r .) " certain restaurant offers $ 0inds of cheese and 2 0inds of fruit for its desert platter. If each dessert platter contains an e/ual number of 0inds of cheese and 0inds of fruit, how many different dessert platters could the restaurant offer! a. b. 12 c. 15 d. 21 e. 27

4') " certain ;unior class has 1''' students and a certain senior class has -'' students. among these students there are $' sibling pairs, each consisting of 1 ;unior and 1 senior. If 1 student is to be selected at random from each class , what is the probability that 2 students selected will be sibling pair 1) ,4',''' 2)1, ,$'' ).,2,''' 4)1,$' 5)1,15 41) >rom a group of 21 astronauts that includes 12 people with pre+ious e1perience in space flight, a 9person crew is to be selected so that e1actly 1 person in the crew has pre+ious e1perience in space flight. 6ow many different crew of this type are possible! ") 4 2 #) 5.4 C) -$4 %) 1, '

() &,.-' 42) >or a certain set of n numbers, where n=1, is the a+erage 7arithmetic mean) e/ual to the median! 71) If the n number in the set are listed in increasing order, then the difference between any pair of successi+e numbers in the set is 2. 72) 2he range of the n numbers in the set is 27n91). 4 ) " certain law firm consists of 4 senior partners and $ ;unior partners. 6ow many different groups of partners can be formd in which at least one member of the group is a senior partner! 72wo groups are considered different if at least one group member is different) ") 4b) 1'' c) 12' d) 2-e) $'' 44) Eoshua and Eose wor0 at an auto repair center with 4 other wor0ers. >or a sur+ey on health care insurance, 2 of the $ wor0ers will be randomly chosen to be inter+iewed. 3hat is the probability that Eoshua and Eose will both be chosen! a)1,15 b)1,12 c)1,.

d)1,$ e)1, 45) In a resturant4s dessert paltter, there are $ different 0inds of cheese and 2 different 0inds of fruits. If each platter consists of e/ual no. of cheese and fruits, how many different platters can be made! a. b. 12 c. 15 d. 21 e 2&

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