What is Paint? Introduction to Jotun's Technical Data Manual

What is Paint?
Introduction to Jotuns Technical Data Manual

PAINT: n. [<ME> painten, to paint <Ofr.> Peindre <Lat.> Pingere] (a) a liquid mixture, usually of a solid pigment in a liquid vehicle, used as a protective or decorative coating; (b) the thin dry film formed by such a mixture applied to a surface; (c) the solid pigment before it is mixed with a vehicle. Paint may be described as a liquid composition capable of being applied over a surface. The viscosity of this liquid composition is adjusted to ease application by airless spray, brush, roller, etc. During the curing or drying process, this film becomes an impermeable, strongly protective, decorative coating. Modern paints have evolved due to an increasing demand for higher performance coatings. These paints have highly complicated compositions including four main components: the binder, the pigment, the extender, and the solvent. Binders are the film-forming components of the paint in which the pigment and extenders are distributed. In most cases, binders produce the greatest volume of paint film and have the greatest influence on the paint characteristics (drying/curing, adhesion, hardness, strength, resistance to chemicals, etc.). Therefore, the type of binder is generally used to describe the generic type of paint. Pigments are the small particles of solid material distributed in the paint. Pigments can be divided into two groups: anticorrosive pigments, which prevent corrosion of metals by chemical and electro-chemical means, and coloring pigments, which give permanent color and hiding capacity. Extenders are natural or synthetic materials finely distributed in the paint. They can also be considered inert pigments. The particles have different sizes and shapes: nodular, lamellar, acicular, etc. Extenders have significant influence on the physical properties of the paint. These include the gloss, water & chemical resistance, mechanical strength and hardness, and film build of the paint. Solvents are used principally to facilitate application. Active solvents dissolve the binder to make a solution suitable for various methods of application. Latent solvents make the coating easier to apply, control the evaporation rate, and improve the quality of the final film. Diluent solvents are used in limited quantities in conjunction with active solvents to reduce costs. Diluent solvents do not dissolve the binder.
Types of Paint
Paints can be classified by generic types of binders, by function, or by drying/curing mechanism. Antifouling coatings are chosen for their ability to control marine growth and limit undue hull roughness. The effect of roughness is an increase in the resistance to movement, resulting in
reduced speed and increased fuel consumption. The main cause of hull roughness is fouling (growth of marine plants and animals on the hull). Modern antifoulings fall into three main groups: soluble matrix, insoluble matrix and self-polishing. Soluble matrix antifoulings have a natural rosin binder that slowly dissolves in seawater. When the coating is immersed in seawater, the biocide leaches out of the paint, but the release rate soon drops below that required to control fouling. As a result, effective protection lasts for a short time (12 months). Insoluble matrix antifoulings have a binder that is insoluble in seawater. Since only biocides are released, the paint film is left as a porous skeleton. As the porous layer increases, the rate of biocide release decreases. Eventually no more biocides can be released and performance drops dramatically. Effective life of this type of antifouling is 24 months. Self-polishing antifoulings are based on acrylic binders and fall into two categories: tin-free and tin-bearing. In contact with seawater, the binder hydrolyses or ablates and dissolves at an even, predictable rate. As the antifouling wears away or polishes, new biocide is continually exposed down to the last few microns of antifouling. The benefits provided by a self-polishing antifouling are increased service life (up to 60 months) and a very effective protection against fouling. The effective life span is directly proportional to the applied film thickness. Acrylic coatings are derived from an extensive family of polymers. Acrylics are single component paints that dry through solvent evaporation. They are not dependent on temperature and offer good adhesion to similar generic types such as vinyl. Designed for use on a wide variety of substrates, acrylics display excellent gloss and color retention. They are often used to modify other generic types to improve water and chemical resistance, flexibility, UV stability, gloss and color retention. Alkyd coatings are a combination of natural oils and other chemicals. Alkyds are single component paints cured by oxidation. They are good general purpose coatings designed for a variety of applications above water. Alkyds are easy to apply and can be used for primers or topcoats. They offer good color and gloss retention, but only fair-to-poor chemical resistance. Alkyds are not suitable for application over alkaline surfaces. Epoxy coatings are synthetic resins designed to provide a predetermined polymer structure. Epoxies are two-component, chemically cured paints. Since epoxies are synthetic, they are developed and used for a great variety of purposes. They form hard, abrasion-resistant films with excellent water, chemical, alkali and solvent resistance and are used on a variety of substrates from general purpose primers to high performance tank linings. Some epoxies present difficulties in overcoating due to hardness of cured film. Epoxies have a tendency to chalk and fade in direct sunlight. Epoxies are often modified with other binders to improve properties such as cathodic protection, surface tolerance, wetting, chemical resistance, gloss and color retention, abrasion resistance, and flexibility. Heat resistant silicone coatings are self-polymerizing resins. They are cured by heat. Silicones offer excellent high heat resistance and good weather resistance. They are less prone to oxidation, giving excellent resistance to UV and weathering. Solvent resistance is marginal but improves markedly after exposure to very high temperatures and the burn-off of organic
materials. The expense of silicone limits its application, but it is often used to modify other generic types in order to increase heat resistance. Polyurethane coatings are formed by a reaction between hydroxy and isocyanate compounds. They are the newest and potentially the largest polymer family in the coatings industry. Polyurethanes are normally two-component, chemically cured paints, but are also available in single-component form. Available in a wide range of formulations, polyurethanes are tough and abrasion-resistant, provide excellent chemical and solvent resistance, weathering properties, and gloss retention. They withstand mild acids and alkali and work well in combination with epoxy primers. Two-component formulations are sensitive to moisture in the wet stage, but when fully cured have an outstanding resistance to humidity. Single component formulations react with humidity to produce a dense, chemical- and corrosion-resistant film. Polyurethanes are often considered to be the best all-around coatings currently produced. Vinyl coatings are film-forming polymers consisting of varying ratios of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate and polyvinyl alcohol. Vinyls are single-component paints that dry through solvent evaporation. They provide excellent acid and alkali resistance. Vinyls require a high degree of surface preparation and offer limited resistance to oil and solvents. Low solids content and high V.O.C. are making this product obsolete in the United States. Zinc silicate coatings are inorganic coatings with high metallic zinc content for cathodic protection. Zinc silicates are two-component products chemically cured through water absorption. They may be solvent or water borne and require a high degree of surface preparation to work properly (intimate contact with steel is necessary). Zinc silicates are extremely resistant to mechanical stress, heat and organic solvents. Zinc silicates should not be used in acidic environments without being top-coated. Because combinations of zinc and rainwater are alkaline, zinc silicates should not be used in conjunction with alkyds. Zinc silicates are often designed as shop primers.
Life Cycle Costs of Coatings Systems

Researchers have calculated that one ton of steel is completely converted into rust every 90 seconds. Since todays modern economic infrastructures are built with steel, this ceaseless action of rust and corrosion takes a healthy toll on national wealth as well as on the profitability of industrial companies. The cost of corrosion in developed countries is estimated to equal 3% to 4% of their gross national product. Up to 25% of this huge loss can be prevented using available technologies to slow or stop corrosion. Prevention of corrosion is a minor part of the total cost of any construction. Professional application of modern high-quality coatings is a reliable and cost-effective method for prolonging service life and is normally a very minor expenditure compared to the value of the total investment. A coating system is designed based on the area to be protected and the service conditions to which it is exposed. The areas vary from underwater hulls to superstructures, from ballast tanks
to above ground storage tanks, and from bridges to industrial plants. The design of a coating system must take into account all these variables. In addition, the surface preparation and application methods can become determining factors in choosing one coatings system over another. All paints will eventually age and gradually lose their protective properties. When premature breakdown occurs, the first reaction is usually condemnation of the paint, but this is seldom justified. Most premature failures can be avoided if sound specifications are prepared and adhered to in all respects. At least 80% to 90% of coatings failures are a result of poor or inadequate surface preparation, application technique, application under poor or unsuitable conditions, insufficient thickness or the use of unsuitable paint types.
Surface Preparation
Good surface preparation is the most important part of any coating job. The greatest percentage of coating failures can be directly linked to poor surface preparation. A paint system applied to an unsuitable surface will not have a secure foundation to resist abrasion and other mechanical stress to which it may be subjected. Surface contaminants such as grease, oil, dirt or salt will prevent contact between the new coating and steel or existing coatings, leading to poor adhesion and eventual stripping and peeling. Rust and scale are other contaminants that prevent contact between the new coating and the steel substrate. They will allow pockets of moist air to remain which form corrosion cells beneath the new paint film and quickly destroy it. Salts in rust or on the steel substrate may encourage blistering by osmosis. Therefore, all surface contaminants must be removed. The methods of removal include fresh water, removal with the use of power tools and grit blasting. Solvent cleaning is a process utilizing solvents or other cleaning compounds to remove oil, grease and other contaminants. Since solvents can be inherently detrimental to subsequent coatings, it is extremely important to remove any solvents or cleaning compounds from the surface prior to further preparation or applications. Solvent cleaning should be considered to be a preliminary step in the total surface preparation procedure. Hand or power tool cleaning is often considered technically suitable as a means of cleaning surfaces for coatings application; however, this method is laborious and frequently achieves less than satisfactory results. The methods of hand and power tool cleaning include hand brushing, scraping, mechanical wire brushing, disc grinding, chisel hammering and needle gunning. The inherent danger with this method is the possibility of polishing and/or chipping the surface. Using a variety of hand and power tools to prepare a surface likely gives the best results. This method is best suited for areas in which grit blasting is not possible or practical; however, it should be limited to small jobs and areas with difficult access. Abrasive blast cleaning is the most effective and efficient method of removing rust, mill scale, paint, and other contaminants from a substrate. The high velocity impact of abrasive particles against the substrate cuts or abrades the impurities and removes them from the surface. Abrasive blast cleaning generally provides the proper surface profile to ensure adhesion of the coating system. When the proper type and size of grit, air pressure, and nozzle are chosen, abrasive blasting is the fastest and most effective method of surface preparation. Unfortunately, it is also
one of the most expensive methods of surface preparations and is presenting increased environmental concerns throughout the world. Water jetting, also known as hydroblasting, uses a high energy water stream (5,000 to 50,000 PSI) to strip rust, scale and paint. It is also a very effective means of removing water-soluble salts, grease and oil. The advantages of water jetting include controlled removal of individual layers of paint, effective removal of soluble salts, a lack of dust and spark hazards, and a lack of contamination to surrounding areas. Disadvantages include the inability to create a surface profile, decreased production rates, and expense. Written and visual standards for water jetting have recently been introduced to the industry, and this method is becoming an increasingly popular method of surface preparation throughout the world. Electrolytic descaling is a method of surface preparation recommended where age and neglect make normal paint maintenance impossible. Anodes, specially designed to achieve heavy electrical current flow, are supplied as magnesium alloy strips. Strips are clamped or welded to steel at specified intervals and a tank is filled with clean seawater. A very strong electrical current is produced in the tank, which causes a breakdown of oxides (scale and rust) and the formation of a soft calcareous layer on the surface of the steel. The formation of this layer then forces the rust or scale to loosen and fall off. The tank is emptied, washed down, dried, and is ready for coating. Electrolytic descaling offers performance economy over traditional methods of surface preparation.
Surface Preparation Standards

The Marine Industry works with clear, well-understood standards when describing surface preparation. These standards cover solvent cleaning, hand tool cleaning, power tool cleaning, abrasive blast cleaning, and water jetting. While there are a number of standards in use, the two standards to which we regularly refer are from The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC) and the International Standards Organization (ISO). DESCRIPTION Solvent Cleaning - Removal from the surface of all detrimental foreign matter such as oil, grease, salts, soil and other contaminants by use of SSPC-SP 1 solvents, emulsions, cleaning compounds, steam or other similar materials and methods which involve a solvent or cleaning action Hand Tool Cleaning - Removal of all loose mill scale, loose rust and loose paint to the degree specified by hand wire brush, hand sanding, SSPC-SP 2 hand scraping, hand chipping or other impact tools or by a combination of these methods. The substrate should have a faint metallic sheen and also be free of oil, grease, dust, soil, salts and other contaminants. Power Tool Cleaning - Power tool cleaning is a method of preparing steel surfaces by the use of power-assisted hand tools. It removes all SSPC-SP 3 loose mill scale, rust, paint and other detrimental foreign matter. It is not intended for the removal of adherent mill scale, rust and paint. Mill scale, rust and paint are considered adherent if they cannot be removed by lifting with a dull putty knife. Surface should not be buffed or polished smooth. SSPC Standard ISO* Standard ----
St 2
St 3
White Metal Blast - A white metal blast cleaned surface, when viewed without magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, grease, dust, dirt, SSPC-SP 5 Sa 3 mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products and other foreign matter. When a coating is specified, the surface shall be roughened to a degree suitable for the specified coating system. Commercial Blast - A commercial blast cleaned surface, when viewed without magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, grease, dust, dirt, SSPC-SP 6 Sa 2 mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products and other foreign matter, except for staining. Random staining shall be limited to no more than 33% of each unit area of surface and may consist of light shadows, slight streaks or minor discoloration caused by stains or rust, mill scale or previously applied coatings. When a coating is specified, the surface shall be roughened to a degree suitable for the specified coating system. Brush-Off Blast - A brush-off blast cleaned surface, when viewed without magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, grease, dust, dirt, SSPC-SP 7 Sa 1 loose mill scale, rust, coating. Tightly adherent mill scale, rust and coating may remain on the surface. Mill scale, rust and paint are considered adherent if they cannot be removed by lifting with a dull putty knife. The entire surface shall be subject to the abrasive blast. When a coating is specified, the surface shall be roughened to a degree suitable for the specified coating system. Near-White Metal Blast - A near-white metal blast cleaned surface, when viewed without magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, SSPC-SP 10 Sa 2 grease, dust, dirt, mill scale, rust, coating, oxides, corrosion products and other foreign matter, except for staining. Random staining shall be limited to no more than 5% of each unit area of surface and may consist of light shadows, slight streaks or minor discoloration caused by stains or rust, mill scale or previously applied coatings. When a coating is specified, the surface shall be roughened to a degree suitable for the specified coating system. Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal - Metallic surfaces which are prepared according to this specification, when viewed without SSPC-SP 11 ---magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, grease, dirt, dust, mill scale, rust, paint, oxide, corrosion products and other foreign matter. Slight residues of rust and paint may be left in the lower portion of pits if the original surface is pitted. When painting is specified, the surface shall be roughened to a degree suitable for the specified paint system. The surface profile shall not be less that 1 mil (25m). High & Ultra-high Pressure Water Jetting - Water jetting is the use of standard jetting water at high or ultra-high pressure (using pressure SSPC-SP 12 ---above 70 Mpa 10,000 PSI) to prepare a surface for recoating. Water jetting will not produce an etch or profile to the magnitude currently recognized by the surface preparations industry; rather, it exposes the original abrasive-blasted surface profile. * Actual definitions of ISO Standards may be different than the SSPC Standards as written in this document. If ISO standards are specified, use those written definitions.
Application
There are a variety of methods used to apply coatings, ranging from dipping to electrostatic spray. Because of size, time and cost constraints of a project, many applications are not suitable or practical in given conditions. The most popular and practical methods of application are brush, roller, and conventional and airless spray. Note that paint application should only be carried out when prevailing climatic conditions are suitable. Please refer to the product data sheet before application of a particular product. Brush application is the historical method of application and is quite efficient in coating small and/or complex pieces. Application by brush is extremely effective at working paint into rough and porous substrates and is ideal for priming pitted surfaces and stripe-coating edges, flanges, and corners. Choosing the proper size, length, shape and bristle is extremely important when utilizing brush application. The disadvantages of brush application include its impracticality for use on large areas, its difficulty in controlling film build, and its impracticality for use with fastdrying materials. Roller application is two to three times faster than brush application and is ideal for large, flat surfaces. Roller cores may be wire mesh, plastic or phenolic; covers may be polyester, mohair, lambskin or nylon. Choice of roller type is dependent on the type of paint being applied and the surface being coated. Application by roller proves difficult to use in complex areas and in controlling film build. Roller application should not be used when priming. Conventional spray application is a widely accepted and speedy method of painting large surfaces. The coating material is atomized by a stream of compressed air and is propelled to the substrate by the air pressure. Air and fluid pressures can be controlled to produce a proper fan pattern for application. Various nozzle sizes accommodate different paint types. It is very important to use the proper air pressure, usually 40 - 80 PSI. Disadvantages of conventional spray include the high loss of product caused by over spray, billowing and turbulence caused by required compressed air, and the sometimes necessary thinning of coatings to achieve proper atomization. Airless spray application is the most effective method of coatings application. Coatings material is pressed towards the nozzle or tip of a gun at high pressure. The coating is diffused by being forced through a small opening where the drastic change in pressure atomizes the paint and propels it to the substrate at a powerful rate. Application by airless spray increases production rate, reduces over spray, allows heavier film build, and eliminates the need for a pressure pot. Disadvantages of airless spray include difficulty in coating small, intricate objects, a fixed spray tip, and little control over the quantity of coatings being applied.
Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Jotun Paints, Inc. provides professional coatings system solutions tailored to an individual area, exposure, life expectancy, surface preparation and application. To help keep corrosion costs to a minimum, Jotun uses Life Cycle Cost (LCC) analysis to aid in selecting the right coatings system. The LCC analysis addresses the question of how best to protect a given structure through its entire life at the lowest possible total cost. A builder is faced with two options when painting a
structure. The work can be carried out with minimum costs at construction, or a little more can be invested to save money in the future. A particular coating system may be less expensive initially, but if it has a shorter life span and requires more frequent maintenance, the total life cycle cost will be much higher than a system that requires a little more investment at the outset. Life spans of different coating systems vary considerably, making it extremely important to look beyond comparisons based solely on price per gallon or price per square foot. Significant savings can be obtained by simply choosing products with increased life spans. Expected service life and maintenance intervals are the key factors in determining life cycle cost estimates. Since the cost ($ / ft2) of maintenance is many times higher than the cost ($ / ft2) at the new construction stage, selecting the threshold level at which the substrate will need coating maintenance is critical. The table below illustrates the elements used in preparing the Life Cycle Cost analysis. ELEMENTS IN THE FT2 COST Rigging and Material Transport Scaffolding Covering / Masking Degreasing Cleaning Steel Work Surface Preparation Application Inspection Paint Material Thinner Abrasives Degreaser Other costs (hotel, travel, etc.) TOTAL COST COST / FT2
Maintenance
The need to perform maintenance can be measured against the internationally accepted ISO 4628 Evaluation of Degrading of Paint Coatings. This is a pictorial standard giving objective criteria for evaluating coatings breakdown by rust, blistering, cracking, flaking and chalking. International experience shows the most cost-effective maintenance interval to be when a degree of 1% rust area is reached (Ri 3). Allowing rusting and coating breakdown to continue becomes very costly to repair, while prompt and immediate touch-up is inexpensive and highly effective. Even top-quality coatings systems will require maintenance at some point. A protective coatings system must be maintained in order to achieve the desired performance life of a structure. Much like an engine, preventive maintenance of a coatings system will allow it to perform in the desired manner and help prevent the spread of corrosion should a breakdown occur. The benefits of a properly maintained coatings system are long term cost savings and reduction of rework. Maintenance is necessary both for protection and for appearance.
Health and Safety

These notes are designed to give general information regarding health and safety issues when using paint and thinners. For more detailed information, review the MSDS and Technical Data Sheet for the product in question. Personal Protective Equipment: When using paints and thinners, it is extremely important to wear protective clothing and safety glasses. The use of an appropriate, properly fitted, NIOSH/MSHA approved respirator is recommended. For confined space applications, consult with your on site health and safety department for specific recommendations. Fire and Explosion Dangers: The majority of paints contain flammable organic solvents. To avoid the possibility of fire or explosion, all sources of spark or flame should be kept well away from any area where paint is stored or in use. Inhalation Dangers: The inhalation of dust, fumes and paint vapors should be avoided. The best means of protection is a respirator. Consult your safety and health department for specific recommendations on the type of respirator best suited to your job. Skin and Eye Contact: Various constituents in paint can cause skin and eye irritation. Proper precautions should be taken to avoid direct contact with liquid paint. The following general precautions should be followed: a. Wear sensible clothing that covers as much of the body as possible. b. If clothing becomes soaked with paint, remove clothing wash with soap and water. Launder clothing before reuse. c. Always wear gloves. d. Do not touch mouth or eyes with gloves. e. If eyes are splashed with paint, rinse them immediately with water for at least 15 minutes. f. If skin is splashed with paint, wash immediately with soap and water. Do not use solvent to clean skin. g. Read and follow additional precautionary statements on the label and/or MSDS. Disposal: The disposal of waste and empty containers should follow all local and national regulations regarding such materials.
Conversion Tables
To Convert Area Volume Area / Volume Length From Square Feet ( ft2 ) Square Meters (m2 ) U.S. Gallons Liters (ltrs) Ft2 / U.S. Gallons M2 / Liter Centimeters (cm) Centimeters (cm) Feet (ft) Feet (ft) Inches (in) Meters (m) Microns (m) Mils Kilograms (kg) Pounds (lbs) Pounds / square inch (PSI) Kilograms / square cm Atmospheres Bars Celsius (c.) Fahrenheit (f.) Wet Dry To m2 ft2 Liters U.S. Gallons M2 / Liter Ft2 / U.S. Gal Inches (in) Feet (ft) Centimeters(cm) Meters (m) Centimeters(cm) Feet (ft) Mils Microns (m) Pounds (lbs) Kilograms (kg) Kg / cm2 PSI PSI PSI Fahrenheit (f.) Celsius (c.) Dry Wet Multiply By 0.0929 10.764 3.785 0.2642 0.0204 40.76 0.394 0.0328 30.48 0.3048 2.54 3.2808 0.04 25.0 2.2046 0.4536 0.0703 14.22 14.696 14.504 {C x 9) / 5} + 32 {F - 32) x 5} / 9 (WFT x % Solids) / 100 (DFT x 100) / % Solids
Weight Pressure
Temperature Film Thickness
Prefixes
Factor 109 = 1,000,000,000 106 = 1,000,000 103 = 1,000 102 = 100 101 = 10
Name Giga Mega Kilo Hecto Deca
Symbol G M K H Da
Factor 10-1 10-1 10-3 10-6 10-9
Name Deci Centi milli micro nana
Symbol d c m n
Relative Humidity
Dew Point: the temperature at which moisture will condense on a surface. To achieve optimal results, it is essential that no condensation occur on the substrate or in-between coats during the painting process. For best results when applying most coatings, the substrate temperature should be above 50 F (10 C) plus a minimum of 5 F (3 C) above the dew point. The relative humidity should be no greater than 85%. Always refer to individual product data sheets for specifics related to the coatings being applied. Air Temperature C 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Dew Point in C at a relative humidity of: 50% - 4.1 - 3.2 - 2.4 - 1.6 - 0.8 0.1 1.0 1.9 2.8 3.7 4.7 5.6 6.5 7.4 8.3 9.3 10.2 11.1 12.0 12.9 13.8 14.8 15.7 16.6 17.5 18.4 55% - 2.9 - 2.1 - 1.3 - 0.4 0.4 1.3 2.3 3.2 4.2 5.1 6.1 7.0 7.9 8.8 9.7 10.7 11.6 12.5 13.5 14.4 15.3 16.2 17.2 18.1 19.1 20.0 60% - 1.8 - 1.0 - 0.2 1.8 1.7 2.6 3.5 4.5 5.4 6.4 7.3 8.3 9.2 10.2 11.1 12.0 12.9 13.8 14.8 15.7 16.7 17.6 18.6 19.5 20.5 21.4 65% - 0.9 - 1.0 - 0.8 1.8 2.7 3.7 4.6 5.6 6.6 7.5 8.5 9.5 10.4 11.4 12.3 13.3 14.2 15.2 16.1 17.0 17.9 18.8 19.8 20.8 21.7 22.7 70% 0.0 0.9 1.8 2.8 3.8 4.7 5.6 6.6 7.6 8.6 9.5 10.5 11.5 12.4 13.4 14.4 15.3 16.3 17.2 18.2 19.1 20.1 21.1 22.0 22.9 23.9 75% 0.9 1.8 2.8 3.8 4.7 5.7 6.7 7.7 8.6 9.6 10.6 11.6 12.5 13.5 14.5 15.4 16.4 17.4 18.4 19.3 20.3 21.2 22.2 23.2 24.1 25.1 80% 1.8 2.8 3.7 4.7 5.7 6.7 7.6 8.6 9.6 10.6 11.5 12.5 13.5 14.5 15.5 16.4 17.4 18.4 19.4 20.3 21.3 22.3 23.2 24.2 25.2 26.2 85% 2.7 3.7 4.6 5.6 6.6 7.6 8.6 9.6 10.6 11.5 12.5 13.5 14.5 15.4 16.4 17.4 18.4 19.4 20.3 21.3 22.3 23.3 24.3 25.2 26.2 27.2 90% 3.6 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.4 9.4 10.4 11.4 12.4 13.4 14.4 15.3 16.3 17.3 18.3 19.3 20.3 21.3 22.3 23.3 24.2 25.3 26.2 27.2 28.2
*In addition to concerns about condensation, relative humidity has a great effect on the dry time of coatings. Air can carry a maximum water content at a certain given temperature; as the content of water in the air increases, the ability of the air to remove solvent from the wet paint film decreases.
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Technical Data
BALLOXY HB LIGHT
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION : RECOMMENDED USE :
Balloxy HB Light is a two pack modified epoxy coating. Balloxy HB Light is intended for use in water ballast tanks, on steel behind insulation, in cofferdams, areas with condensation, and where blast cleaning may not be possible.
TECHNICAL INFORMATION :
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Light green and beige 82% 2 2.0 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 8.0 15.0 mils (200 375 m) 10.0 mils (250 m)
Abrasion Resistance Water Resistance Solvent Resistance Chemical Resistance
: : : :
Very good Excellent Good Good
Theoretical spreading rate 1337 ft2/gal (32.8 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 167 ft2/gal (4.1 m2/ltr.)
Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Induction Time Thinner/Cleaner* Pot life @ 73F (23C) Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : : :
6.0 - 12.0 mils (150 - 300 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas 5:1 by volume with Balloxy HB Light Part B (Part B available in light green and beige) 10 minutes Jotun Thinner No. 17 2 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.023 - 0.031" (0.58 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: * Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations.
Balloxy HB Light
SURFACE PREPARATION :
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface must be free of mill scale. For immersion services, steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast or Sa 2. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and a relative humidity not greater than 85%.
CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION : DRYING TIME:
Drying times are generally related to air circulation, temperature, film thickness and number of coats, and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with: * Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air) * Recommended film thickness * One coat on top of inert substrate
Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
8 Hours 4 Hours 2 Hours
Through Dry
Cured
14 days 7 days 3 days
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application, there is normally no overcoating time limit. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before preceding coat has cured. If the coating has been exposed to direct sunlight for some time, special attention must be paid to surface cleaning and the removal of chalking residues to ensure good adhesion.
The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM : STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Balloxy HB Light 2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Preferred storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry space provided with adequate ventilation. The containers should be sealed tightly. Handle with care. Stir well before use. For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
DISCLAIMER: The information in this data sheet is given to the best of our knowledge based on laboratory testing and practical experience. However, as the product is often used under conditions beyond our control, we can not guarantee anything but the quality of the product itself. We reserve the right to change the given data without notice. VERSION ISSUED DECEMBER 2002, JOTUN PAINTS INC. THIS DATA SHEET SUPERSEDES THOSE PREVIOUSLY ISSUED
Technical Data
BARRIER AV
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION :
A two pack , zinc epoxy primer. Formulated with low lead level zinc to provide a safe, non-hazardous material for customer use. Product can also be used as a pre-construction primer at low film thickness. For heavy industrial and marine environments.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility : : : : : : Yellow-green 60% 2 by volume 2.79 lbs/gal (335 gms./ltr.) 52oF (11oC ) Flat Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 - 5.0 mils (75 - 125 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Chemical Resistance : Water Resistance : Solvent Resistance :
Fair Very Good Good

Application Methods Mixing Instructions : :
2.0 - 3.0 mils (50 - 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Thinner/Cleaner* Pot Life @ 73F (23C) Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations
: : : : : : : :
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for small areas. A two component product (zinc dust mixed with liquid resin) and curing agent supplied in separate containers. The two components must be mixed as follows: Mix Component A and B together under agitation. Stir until uniformly mixed, then strain through a 50 mesh strainer. Continuous agitation during application is recommended. Jotun Thinner No. 17 8 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Barrier AV
SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :
Steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Grade or Sa 2. Improved surface preparation will improve performance.
The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate). When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the paint film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. Barrier AV should not be exposed to mechanical strain before being fully cured.
DRYING TIME:

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
9 Days 7 Days 3 Days
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM :

Barrier AV 1 x 2.0 mils Primastic AV 1 x 8.0 mils Penguard Topcoat AV 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
BLACK MASTIC
Black Mastic is a two pack, modified epoxy based coating with improved color stability as a finished coat. As a mid coat and finish coat for steel structures above and below water. Gives excellent corrosion protection both in salt and fresh water. If exposed to sunlight the product will chalk.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Black 78% 2 2.20lbs/gal (264 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 8.0 13.0 mils (200 - 325 m) 9.0 mils (225 m)
: : : :
Very good Very good Good Good
Theoretical Spreading rate 1272 ft2/gal (31.2 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 182 ft2/gal (4.5 m2/ltr.)

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Thinner/Cleaner* Induction Time Pot life @ 73F (23C) Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : : :
6.0 - 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
Airless spray 4:1 by volume with Black Mastic Part B Jotun Thinner No. 17 10 minutes 1 hour 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: * The temperature of the mixture of base and curing agent is recommended to be at least 59F (15C), otherwise extra solvent may be required to obtain correct viscosity. *Too much solvent results in lower sag resistance and slower cure. *If extra solvent is necessary, this should be added after mixing of the two components. *Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations.
Black Mastic
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water-soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. For best results, apply when surface temperature is a minimum of 32F (0C) and at least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air in the vicinity of the substrate. Black Mastic should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until fully cured.
CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :
DRYING TIME : Drying times are generally related to air circulation, temperature, film thickness and number of coats,
and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with: * Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air) * Recommended film thickness * One coat on top of inert substrate

32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
24 Hours 12 Hours 7 Hours 5 Hours 2 Hours
Through Dry
Cured
48 Days 24 Days 14 Days 7 Days 5 Days
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application, there is normally no overcoating time limit. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before the preceding coat has cured. If the coating has been exposed to direct sunlight for some time, special attention must be paid to surface cleaning and the removal of chalking residues to ensure good adhesion.
Primastic Black Mastic
1 x 6.0 mils 1 x 6.0 mils
(Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
CHEMTAR HS EPOXY
A two pack modified epoxy coal tar coating. For steel or concrete structures permanently or partly submerged in water.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss : : : : : : Black and red 71% 2 2.1 lbs/gal (252 gms./ltr.) 105oF (39oC ) Good Semi-gloss Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 11.0 17.0 mils (275 - 550 m) 14.0 mils (350 m)
Water resistance Weather resistance
: :
Excellent Excellent

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : :
8.0 - 12.0 mils (200 - 500 m) 10.0 mils (250 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for smaller areas. 4.5 : 0.5 by volume with Chemtar HS Epoxy Part B 8 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.027" (0.53 - 0.69 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: This material will not cause skin irritations associated with other coal tar epoxies.
Chemtar HS Epoxy
Chemtar Epoxy needs no primer, but it does require reasonably clean, rust-free steel for optimum performance. A minimum surface preparation of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Grade or Sa 2. For immersion service, steel should be blasted to SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2 for best performance. Concrete should be prepared by abrasive blasting, hydraulic blasting, or power tool cleaning depending upon substrate condition, and severity of service. Be sure surface is clean and dry. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Hard Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. If material is allowed to cure before application of a second coat, it is necessary to abrade the surface before application of the subsequent coat.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM:

Chemtar HS Epoxy 2 x 10.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
CLEANER/DEGREASER
A concentrated water-based cleaner designed to clean painted surfaces and promote adhesion. As a cleaner for painted surfaces to help eliminate the need for sanding, grit sweeping or solvent wiping prior to the application of a coating.
RECOMMENDED USE
VOC Flash point : : 0.60 lbs/gal (72gms./ltr.) Not applicable
APPLICATION DATA : For surface cleaning prior to coating application. Material should be diluted 3 to 5 times with
water before use. For heavy soils, oil or grease residues, a more concentrated solution of material may be required. Apply material generously with a mop, sprayer or brush and allow a 5-10 minute soak time. Scrubbing will assist in cleaning heavily soiled areas. Do not allow the material to dry on the surface. After soaking, thoroughly rinse the surface with water. It is essential that all Cleaner is removed from the surface prior to the application of any coating. Note: Do not use on anodized aluminium or galvanized parts. Do not use on vehicle windows or windshields.
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Preferred storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry space provided with adequate ventilation. The containers should be sealed tightly. Handle with care. For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet. Note: This product is biodegradable.
Technical Data
Stocking Special*
CONSEAL PRIMER
A fast drying, alkyd based primer with active corrosion preventing pigments. Specially designed for containers or other items of steel or aluminium where a fast drying primer is required.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility : : : : : : Yellow 45% 2 3.7 lbs/gal (444 gms./ltr.) 81oF (27oC ) Flat Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 5.0 mils (75 - 125 m) 4.0 mils (100 m)
Solvent Resistance : Abrasion Resistance :
Fair Fair
Theoretical spreading rate 734 ft2/gal (18.0 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 367 ft2/gal (9.0m2/ltr.)

Application Methods Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : :
1.5 - 2.5mils (37.5 - 60 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller. Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.38 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is not compliant with NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations.
Conseal Primer
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and cleaned of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, oils, loose paint, and rust. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3 to remove all loose paint, rust and dirt. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 50F (10C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
30 Minutes 20 Minutes 15 Minutes 10 Minutes
Through Dry
2 Hours 2 Hours 1 Hours 1Hour
Minimum
2 Hours 2 Hours 1 Hours 1 Hour
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The surface should be dry and free from any contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat.

Conseal Primer 1 x 2.0 mils Pilot II 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
* - This material is considered a stocking special. Please contact your local Jotun Paints representative for information
regarding availability.
Technical Data
EPOXY TANKLINING
550-SERIES
A high build epoxy coating certified by Underwriters Laboratories for potable water under ANSI/NSF Standard 61 for use in tanks of 1,000 gallons or greater. In potable water tanks of 1000 gallons or greater.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss Gloss retention : : : : : : : Buff, gray and white 73% 2 2.3 lbs/gal (276 gms./ltr.) 120oF (50oC ) Good Low Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 7.0 - 10.0 mils (175 - 250 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
Water resistance Solvent resistance Chemical resistance Abrasion resistance
: : : :
Excellent Very good Very good Good

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Induction time Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : : :
5.0 - 7.0 mils (125 - 175 m) 6.0 mils (150 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for smaller areas. 4:1 by volume with Epoxy Tanklining Part B. 15 minutes 4 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17. 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.38 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Epoxy Tanklining 550 Series
Prior to blast cleaning all sharp (burned/cut) edges to be ground smooth and weld spatter removed according to standards agreed on among the parties concerned. All steel to be coated must be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP-10, (SA 2) (ISO 8501-1:1988/SS 05 59 00) with an approved abrasive. It is important to maintain this standard until the first coat has been applied. If the steel changed color or rust bloom begins to form, this reflects improper control of the dewpoint which makes counter measures, including reblasting necessary. After blasting, the steel should be vacuum-cleaned to remove all dust before application of paint. The handling of the scaffolding should also be performed in such a way that dust will not contaminate the paint work. Control of humidity and air/steel temperature is absolutely necessary to ensure smooth progress of work, regardless of weather conditions. The temperature of the steel should, during application of the paint, be a least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (air temperature and relative humidity to be measured in close proximity to the steel). Hot air ventilation should be avoided as this may lead to surface drying/curing and solvent entrapment. During application, the spray operator must be equipped with fresh air hood.
Dry to Recoat Substrate Temp.

28F (-2C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
10 Hours 6 Hours 3 Hours 1 Hours 45 Minutes
Hard Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The surface should be free from chalking and contamination prior to application. Best intercoat adhesion occurs when the subsequent coat is applied before the preceding coat is cured. If this time is exceeded, it may be necessary to roughen the surface. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.

Epoxy Tanklining 2 x 6.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
FLEX-A-KOTE
A two component, high solids, water based, acrylic. As a long term, protective coating for use in wet/dry voids, ballast tanks, cargo holds, and as a lining for potable water tanks. Flex-A-Kote is certified under ANSI Standard 61 for use in potable water tanks.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility : : : : : White 66% 2 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) 200oF (93oC ) Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 23.0 - 38.0 mils (575 - 950 m) 30.0 mils (750 m)
Water resistance
Excellent

Application Methods Mixing Instructions Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : :
15.0 - 25.0 mils (375 - 625 m) 20.0 mils (500 m)
Airless spray or conventional spray. Sift dry powder into liquid component while agitating with mechanical mixer. The use of a Jiffy mixer is recommended. 4 hours Water 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.045 - 0.051" (1.13 - 1.29 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Flex-A-Kote
Oil, grease, welding flux residues and salts shall first be removed by the methods outlined in SSPC-SP 1 Solvent Cleaning. Remove all loose mill scale, loose rust, and other detrimental surface contaminants by water blast, power tool or hand cleaning. All weld spatter and flux shall be removed by sharp chisels, rotary grinders, power wire brushing or by a combination of such tools. Soft coatings shall be removed to clean metal. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

73F (23C)
Surface Dry
8-12 Hours
Hard Dry
-
Cured
72 Hours
Minimum
-
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. If material is allowed to cure before application of a second coat, it is necessary to abrade the surface before application of the subsequent coat.

Flex-a Kote 1 x 20.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Preferred storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry space provided with adequate ventilation. The containers should be sealed tightly. Keep from freezing. Handle with care. Stir well before use. For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
Technical Data
HARDTOP II
A two pack, high solids, high gloss, high performance polyurethane topcoat with excellent gloss and color retention. As a topcoat over an epoxy/epoxy mastic system where a durable, high gloss finish is required in aggressive atmospheric exposure.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : According to color card and multicolor tinting system (MCI) 64 % 2 2.76 lbs/gal (331 gms./ltr.) Abrasion Resistance : 80oF (27oC ) High gloss Water Resistance : Very good Solvent Resistance : Excellent Chemical Resistance : Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 5.0 mils (75 125 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Very good Very good Very good Very good

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Thinner/Cleaner* Pot life @ 73F (23C) Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : :
2.0 - 3.0 mils (50- 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas. 4:1 by volume with Hardtop II Part B. If a higher filmbuild is required Hardtop II High Solid Cure should be used. Jotun Thinner No. 26 for airless application. Jotun Thinner No. 50 for brushing and rolling or at higher application temperatures. 4 - 6 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.35 - 0.55 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Hardtop II
All surfaces to be coated must be dry, free of dust, dirt, moisture, and any other surface contaminants.
For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 32F (0C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application, there is normally no overcoating time limit. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before preceding coat has cured. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED Jotamastic 87 PAINT SYSTEM :
2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Hardtop II 1 x 2.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
HARDTOP II CLEAR COAT
A two pack, high solids, high gloss, high performance polyurethane topcoat with excellent gloss. Base component to be mixed with Hardtop II High Solid Cure before use. As a topcoat over an epoxy/epoxy mastic system where a durable, high gloss finish is required in aggressive atmospheric exposure.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Clear 65 % 2 2.64 lbs/gal (316 gms./ltr.) 80oF (27oC ) High gloss Very good Excellent Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 5.0 mils (75 125 m) 3.1 mils (77 m)
: : : :
Theoretical spreading rate 1060 ft2/gal (26.0 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 530 ft2/gal (13 m2/ltr.)

2.0 - 3.0 mils (50- 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas. 4:1 by volume with Hardtop II High Solid Cure Jotun Thinner No. 26 for airless application. Jotun Thinner No. 50 for brushing and rolling or at higher application temperatures. 4 - 6 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.35 - 0.55 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Hardtop II Clear Coat

32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED Jotamastic 87 PAINT SYSTEM:
2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Hardtop II Clear Coat 1 x 2.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
HARDTOP II HB
A two pack, high solids, semi-gloss, high performance polyurethane topcoat with excellent gloss and color retention. As a topcoat over an epoxy/epoxy mastic system where a durable, semi-gloss finish is required in aggressive atmospheric exposure.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : According to color card and multicolor tinting system (MCI) 64 % 2 2.76 lbs/gal (331 gms./ltr.) Abrasion Resistance : 80oF (27oC ) Semi-gloss Water Resistance : Very good Solvent Resistance : Excellent Chemical Resistance : Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 6.0 mils (75 150 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)

2.0 - 4.0 mils (50- 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas. 4:1 by volume with Hardtop Part B Jotun Thinner No. 26 for airless application. Jotun Thinner No. 50 for brushing and rolling or at higher application temperatures. 4 - 6 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.35 - 0.55 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Hardtop II HB

32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM : Jotamastic 87
2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Hardtop II HB 1 x 3.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
HYDROCLEAN ANTIFOULING
A high solids, tin free polishing antifouling based on acrylic copolymer binder. This product is designed for worldwide use on underwater hull areas to arrest the attachment and growth of fouling organisms. The slow polishing rate of the film ensures continuous antifouling protection.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Black, blue, light red and red 62% 2 2.75 lbs/gal (330 gms./ltr.) 83oF (28oC ) Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 5.0 - 8.0 mils (125 200 m) 7.0 mils (175 m) Theoretical spreading rate 1011 ft2/gal (24.8 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 253 ft2/gal (6.2 m2/ltr.)

3.0 - 5.0 mils (75 - 150 m) 4.0 mils (100 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas. Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.025" (0.43 - 0.63 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Hydroclean Antifouling
To be applied on a clean and dry primer or intact self-polishing antifouling. Contamination on the surface should be removed by high pressure fresh water washing.
The temperature of the substrate should be min. 41F (5 C) and at least 5F (3 C) above the dew point.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
1 Hour 1 Hour 30 Minutes 30 Minutes
Through Dry
6 Hours 5 Hours 4 Hours 3 Hours
Dry for 1 Launching

12-16 Hours 10-14 Hours 8-12 Hours 6-10 Hours
Minimum
Maximum3
1. 2. 3.
The interval indicates the time which normally occurs in a drydocking situation where the drying time depends on the total film thickness of primer/antifouling applied. The drying time will increase with increasing film thickness. Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The substrate should be dry and free from any contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat.
RECOMMENDED TYPE OF PRIMER :

Jotamastic 87 or Primastic Universal with Safeguard Universal as tie coat.
Technical Data
J-KRYL
A two pack, high gloss, epoxy acrylic topcoat. As a topcoat over an epoxy system where a durable, high gloss finish is required in aggressive atmospheric exposure.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss Gloss retention : : : : : : : According to color card and Muliticolor tinting system (MCI) 61% 2 2.78 lbs/gal (233 gms./ltr.) Water resistance : 80oF (27oC ) Very Good Solvent resistance : High gloss Chemical resistance : Very good Abrasion resistance : Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 5.0 mils (75 - 125 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Very good Good Very good Very good

Application Methods Mixing Ratio (volume) Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : :
2.0 - 3.0 mils (50 - 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roll 4 : 1 by volume with J-Kryl Part B 8 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.019" (0.38 - 0.48 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
J-Kryl
SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION : DRYING TIME :
All surfaces to be coated must be dry, free of dust, dirt, moisture, and any other surface contaminants. Previously painted high gloss surfaces or aged epoxies should be sanded lightly to ensure maximum adhesion. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum 50 (10C) and at least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air. Temperature and relative humidity are to be measured in the vicinity of the substrate. When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
4 Hours 2 Hours 1 Hour
Hard Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
3 Months 3 Months 3 Months
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat.

Jotamastic 87 2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) J-Kryl 1 x 2.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use
Technical Data
JOTAMASTIC 87
Jotamastic 87 is a two pack, surface tolerant, abrasion resistant, high solids epoxy based primer/topcoat, which may be applied in high film thickness. For steel where blast cleaning may not be possible, and where gloss retention is of minor importance. Can be used alone or in combination with various systems of primers and topcoats. Gives excellent corrosion protection both in salt and fresh water. If exposed to sunlight chalking may occur.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Limited color range 82% 2 2.0 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 7.0 15.0 mils (175 - 375 m) 10.0 mils (250 m)
: : : :
Very good Very good Good Very good

6.0 - 12.0 mils (150 - 300 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used, but care must be taken to achieve the specified dry film thickness. 6:1 by volume with Jotamastic 87 part B Jotun Thinner No. 17 10 minutes 2 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Jotamastic 87
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free of mill scale. For immersion services, steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast or Sa 2. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 50F (10 C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate). When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the paint film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. Jotamastic 87 should not be exposed to mechanical strain before being fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Jotamastic 87 Hardtop II
DISCLAIMER: The information in this data sheet is given to the best of our knowledge based on laboratory testing and practical experience. However, as the product is often used under conditions beyond our control, we can not guarantee anything but the quality of the product itself. We reserve the right to change the given data without notice. VERSION ISSUED DECMBER 2002, JOTUN PAINTS INC. THIS DATA SHEET SUPERSEDES THOSE PREVIOUSLY ISSUED
Technical Data
JOTAMASTIC 87 GLASSFLAKE
Jotamastic 87 Glassflake is a two pack, surface tolerant, abrasion resistant, high solids epoxy based primer/topcoat reinforced with glass flakes. For steel where blast cleaning may not be possible, and where gloss retention is of minor importance. For use in areas where improved abrasion resistance is required.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Black, grey, and red 82% 2 2.00 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 10.0 - 17.0 mils (250 - 425 m) 12.0 mils (300 m)
: : : :
Excellent Very good Good Very good

8.0 - 14.0 mils (200 - 350 m) 10.0 mils (250 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used, but care must be taken to achieve the specified dry film thickness. 6:1 by volume with Jotamastic 87 Part B Jotun Thinner No. 17 10 minutes 2 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Jotamastic 87 Glassflake
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free of mill scale. For immersion services, steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast or Sa 2. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 50F (10 C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate). When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the paint film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. Jotamastic 87 should not be exposed to mechanical strain before being fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Jotamastic 87 Glassflake Hardtop II
Technical Data
JOTAMASTIC 87 WINTERGRADE
Jotamastic 87 Wintergrade is a three pack, surface tolerant, abrasion resistant, high solids, high build epoxy based coating which may be used at temperatures down to 23F (-5C). Important: Jotamastic 87 Wintergrade is packaged in three separate containers, two one gallon containers of catalyst (Part B) to be mixed with one 5 gallon container of base (Part A) before application. For steel where blast cleaning may not be possible, and where gloss retention is of minor importance. Can be used alone or in combination with various topcoats. Gives excellent corrosion protection both in salt and fresh water.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Limited color range 74% 2 2.25 lbs/gal (270 gms./ltr.) 88oF (31oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 8.0 14.0 mils (200 350 m) 11.0 mils (275 m)
: : : :
Excellent Very good Good Very good

6.0 - 10.0 mils (150 - 250 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used, but care must be taken to achieve the specified dry film thickness. 3.83 gallons of base to be mixed with 2 x 0.585 gallons of Part B (3.3 : 1 mixing ratio) Jotun Thinner No. 17 10 minutes 1 hour 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Jotamastic 87 Wintergrade
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free of mill scale. For immersion services, steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast or Sa 2. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 23F (-5 C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate). When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the paint film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. Jotamastic Wintergrade should not be exposed to mechanical strain before being fully cured.

23F (-5C) 32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
21 days 14 days 7 days 3 days 2 days
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Jotamastic 87 Wintergrade Hardtop II
STORAGE : HANDLING: HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
Stocking Special*
JOTAPLAST AV
A waterborne ultra-flat finish that minimizes substrate imperfections while providing a rich appearance that goes on fast with no lap marks. For interior areas over sealed surfaces and a one coat finish over insulated pipes.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : White 28% 2 1.24 lbs/gal (149 gms./ltr.) 205oF (96oC ) Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 4.0 8.0 mils (100 - 200 m) 4.0 mils (100 m) Theoretical spreading rate 449 ft2/gal (11.2 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 449 ft2/gal (11.2 m2/ltr.)

Application Methods Thinner/Cleaner Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : :
1.0 2.0 mils (25 50 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller. Water 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.017" (0.38 - 0.43 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: * Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations
Jotaplast AV
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water, soluble salts or other contaminants. Surface to be coated must be primed with suitable alkyd or latex primer prior to application of Jotaplast. For previously painted surfaces, gloss surfaces should be dulled by sanding lightly to ensure good adhesion. Spot prime any bare areas as described above. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a maximum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

73F (23C)
Surface Dry Minimum

30 Minutes 3 Hours
Maximum2
1. 2.

Jotaplast AV 1 x 1.0 mil (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
STORAGE: HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
JOTUN THINNER NO. 2
Solvent based thinner.
RECOMMENDED USE
General purpose thinner for most conventional alkyd paints. Consult the product technical data sheets for use instructions.
VOC Flash point : : 6.50 lbs/gal (780 gms./ltr.) 102oF (39oC )
STORAGE : HANDLING :
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Preferred storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry space provided with adequate ventilation. The containers should be sealed tightly. Handle with care.
HEALTH AND SAFETY :
For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
DISCLAIMER: The information in this data sheet is given to the best of our knowledge based on laboratory testing and practical experience. However, as the product is often used under conditions beyond our control, we can not guarantee anything but the quality of the product itself. We reserve the right to change the given data without notice. VERSION ISSUED OCTOBER 2002, JOTUN PAINTS INC. THIS DATA SHEET SUPERSEDES THOSE PREVIOUSLY ISSUED
Technical Data
JOTUN THINNER NO. 7
RECOMMENDED USE
General purpose thinner for most acrylics, vinyls and antifouling paints.
HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
JOTUN THINNER NO. 17
RECOMMENDED USE
General purpose thinner for epoxies and similar paint products.
HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
RECOMMENDED USE
General purpose thinner for polyurethane coatings.
HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
RECOMMENDED USE
A slow evaporating thinner for polyurethane coatings. Designed for brushing and rolling or where higher application temperature requires a slower solvent.
HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
Stocking Special*
MAN-O-WAR SPAR VARNISH

Interior and exterior gloss spar varnish. For use on wooden outdoor and indoor furniture, hand rails, and decking.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility : : : : : : Clear 57% 2 3.0 lbs/gal (360 gms./ltr.) 101oF (39oC ) High gloss Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 2.0 4.0 mils (50 - 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Water Resistance : Abrasion Resistance :
Good Fair

1.0 2.0 mils (25 50 m) 1.5 mils (25 m)
Airless spray or brush. Jotun Thinner No. 2 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.38 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Man-O-War Spar Varnish
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and cleaned of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, oils, loose paint, and rust. Previously varnished surfaces should be dulled by sanding lightly.
For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and the relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
5 Hours 4 Hours 1 Hour
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.

Man-O-War Spar Varnish 1 x 1.5 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
MARATHON
Marathon is a high solids, two pack epoxy coating reinforced with glass flake. For steel and concrete structures subject to aggressive exposure, both atmospheric and mechanical. Marathon offers extremely good protection against corrosion and has outstanding abrasion resistance. Proved records for use in high pressure vessels.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Grey and red 80% 2 2.0 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) 85oF (30oC ) High gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 10.0 - 20.0 mils (250 - 500 m) 15.0 mils (375 m)
: : : :
Excellent Excellent Excellent Excellent

8.0 - 16.0 mils (200 - 400 m) 12.0 mils (300 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for smaller areas. 3:1 by volume with Marathon part B Jotun Thinner No. 17 1 hour 2800 psi (20 MPa 200 kp/cm) 0.031 - 0.043" (0.79 - 1.09 mm) 65 - 80 Filters to be removed prior to spraying. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Marathon
All surfaces should be clean, dry and free from contamination prior to painting. Steel must be blast cleaned to minimum SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast Sa 2 (ISO 8501 1:1988). The temperature of the substrate should be minimum 50F (10C) and at least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. Good ventilation is required in confined areas to ensure proper drying. The coating should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
1 2
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. If the maximum dry to recoat time is exceeded, please contact Jotun Paints for advice. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.
Marathon 2 x 12.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
MZ-7 INORGANIC ZINC SHOP PRIMER
A two pack, inorganic ethyl silicate zinc rich primer. For coastal and marine environments.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Chemical Resistance : : : : : : : Green 65% 2 (as applied) 4.9 lbs/gal (588 gms./ltr.) 69oF (20oC ) Flat Fair Excellent with pH 6-10 Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 1.2 - 1.6 mils (30 - 40 m) 1.6 mils (40 m)
Abrasion Resistance : Water Resistance : Solvent Resistance :
Very good Very good Excellent
Theoretical spreading rate 1060 ft2/gal (26.0/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 1060 ft2/gal (26.02/ltr.)

0.75 - 1.0 mils (19 - 25 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
: : : : : : : :
Airless spray is preferred. Brush may be used for small areas. A two component product with liquid resin and dry zinc dust pigment supplied in separate containers. The two components must be mixed as follows: Add the zinc dust pigment (Part B) slowly to liquid (Part A), stirring continuously. Pigment must be added to liquid, not liquid into pigment. Stir until uniformly mixed, then strain through a 50 mesh strainer. Continuous agitation during application is recommended. Jotun Thinner No.17 8 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.026" (0.43 - 0.66 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with NESHAP VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
MZ-7 Inorganic Zinc Shop Primer
SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2. White metal is preferred at SSPC-SP 5 White Metal Blast or Sa 3. The temperature of the substrate should be min. 5C and at least 3C above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. Zinc silicate paints in general requires moisture for curing. At low humidity the curing will be improved by gently sprinkling fresh water over the paint film, and/or by artificial humidification of the surrounding atmosphere. The paint must be completely cured before topcoating, otherwise the adhesion of the subsequent coat will be unsatisfactory. Use Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) test according to ASTM D 4752-87 to verify the curing time before topcoating. Unweathered zinc silicate films are porous and the porosity may vary according to the weather condition during application and the application technique. When overcoating, the air in the pores will escape through the new coat of paint and may cause blisters or pinholes ("popping") in the coat just after application. To avoid this a mist coat/full coat technique is recommended: First apply a thin coat to fill the pores in the zinc silicate film and a few minutes later apply to full specified film thickness.
DRYING TIME : Drying times are generally related to air circulation, temperature, film thickness and relative humidity
and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with: * Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air) * Recommended film thickness * Relative humidity above 50%
Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate 4 Temp.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2. 3.
In case of multi-coat application, drying time will be influenced by the number in sequence and by the total thickness of previous coats applied reference is made to the corresponding system data sheet. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. Cure to be verified by MEK test, ASTM D4752-98. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.

MZ-7 Inorganic Zinc Shop Primer Topcoat: Normally with an epoxy system 1 x 1.0 mil (Dry Film Thickness)
STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY:
Technical Data
NAVIGUARD AV
Naviguard is a solvent free, two-pack epoxy coating. A mechanically very strong, high build, high solids coating for steel below and above water. It also has a very good chemical resistance and is suitable as anode shield in impressed current systems.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss Gloss retention : : : : : : : Light green 100% (Measured according to ISO 3233: 1998 E) 1.19 lbs/gal (143 gms./ltr.) Water resistance 213oF (101oC ) Fair Solvent resistance Glossy Chemical resistance Fair Abrasion resistance Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 8.0 - 20.0 mils (200 - 500 m) 12.0 mils (300 m)
: : : :

Application Methods Mixing Ratio (volume) Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter : : : : : : : : :
8.0 - 20.0 mils (200 - 500 m) 12.0 mils (300 m)
Two-comp heated airless spray, brush or roll Base to be mixed Naviguard Part B. 20 minutes. Jotun Thinner No. 17 2800 psi (20 MPa 200 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean.
Naviguard AV
All surfaces to be coated must be clean, dry and free from contamination. All steel to be coated must be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP-10(Sa2). The roughness of the blasted surface should be between 1.2 to 3.2 mils (30-80m). The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 50F (10C) and at least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. The coating should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
8 Hours 4 Hours 3,5 Hours
Hard Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.

On blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP-10 (Sa2) surface or intact, dry and clean shopprimer: Naviguard AV 1-2 x 12 mils (Dry Film Thickness) When used as impressed current anode shield coating on SSPC-SP-10(Sa2) surfaces: Naviguard AV 2 x 20 mils (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
NON-SKID COMPOUND
Non-skid compound is available in a coarse and a fine version. An aggregate additive to be used with regular deck paint to provide a non-skid surface.
VOC Flash point : : 0.0 lbs/gal (0.0 gms./ltr.) None
APPLICATION DATA :
Mixing Ratio Compatibility : : 1:5 by volume with specified coating Compatible with a wide range of deck type paints including epoxies, alkyds, urethanes, and water acrylics. Specifically made to eliminate the problem of settling of ready-made non-skid paints.
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Preferred storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry space provided with adequate ventilation. The containers should be sealed tightly. Handle with care. For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
DISCLAIMER: The information in this data sheet is given to the best of our knowledge based on laboratory testing and practical experience. However, as the product is often used under conditions beyond our control, we can not guarantee anything but the quality of the product itself. We reserve the right to change the given data without notice. VERSION ISSUED JANUARY 2003, JOTUN PAINTS INC. THIS DATA SHEET SUPERSEDES THOSE PREVIOUSLY ISSUED
Technical Data
PENGUARD TOPCOAT AV
Penguard Topcoat AV is a two pack, high gloss epoxy enamel topcoat based on a polyamide cured epoxy resin. A topcoat over an epoxy/epoxy mastic system where a durable, high gloss finish is required in aggressive atmospheric exposure.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : According to color card and Multicolor Tinting System (MCI) 58% 2 3.1 lbs/gal (371 gms./ltr.) Chemical Resistance : 81oF (27oC ) High gloss Water Resistance : Good Abrasion Resistance : Fair Solvent Resistance : Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 4.0 - 6.0 mils (100 - 150 m) 4.0 mils (100 m)
Good Excellent Excellent Excellent

Application Methods Mixing Ratio Induction Time Pot life @ 73F (23C) Thinner/Cleaner* Guiding data airless spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations : : : : : : : : : : :
2.0 - 3.0 mils (50 - 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, Roller, and Brush 4:1 by volume with curing agent, Penguard AV Part B 30 minutes 12 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.019" (0.38 - 0.48 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Penguard Topcoat AV
SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION : DRYING TIME:
All surfaces to be coated must be dry, free of dust, dirt, wax, moisture, and any other surface contaminants. Previously painted high gloss surfaces or aged epoxies should be sanded lightly to ensure maximum adhesion. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before the preceding coat has cured.

Jotamastic 87 2 x 8.0 mils Penguard Topcoat-AV 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
PILOT II
Pilot II is a high gloss alkyd based topcoat for interior and exterior use. A topcoat in a traditional alkyd system suitable for steel and woodwork with good weather and color stability.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : According to color card and multi color tinting system (MCI) 49% 2 3.4 lbs/gal (407 gms./ltr.) 104oF (40oC ) High gloss Water Resistance : Limited Good Abrasion Resistance : Fair Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 2.0 4.0 mils (50 - 100 m) 3.0 mils (75m) Theoretical spreading rate 799 ft2/gal (19.6 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 500 ft2/gal (12.3 m2/ltr.)

1.0 - 2.0 mils (25 - 50 m) 1.5 mils (40 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller. Jotun Thinner No. 2, 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Pilot II
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and cleaned of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, oils, loose paint, and rust. Previously painted high gloss surfaces should be dulled by sanding lightly to ensure maximum adhesion. If existing coating is in good condition, apply one or two coats of Pilot II. If the existing coating is failing, remove all loose paint and foreign matter followed by a suitable primer. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.

Wetsall Primer 2 x 2.0 mils Pilot II 1 x 1.5 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
PIONEER PRIMER
Pioneer Primer is a rust preventing primer based on a chlorinated polymer. For above water use on steel and concrete structures exposed to marine environments. Quick drying and may be used at low temperatures.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility : : : : : : Grey and red 43% 2 4.2 lbs/gal (504 gms./ltr.) 83oF (28oC ) Flat Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 5.0 - 9.0 mils (125 - 225 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
Chemical Resistance : Water Resistance : Abrasion Resistance :
Good Good Good

2.0 - 4.0 mils (50 - 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.023" (0.43 - 0.58 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with NESHAP VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Pioneer Primer
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and free of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, loose paint and rust. Bare steel surfaces should be cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2, SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St3, or SSPC-SP 11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal for repair/touchup, remove all loose rust and dirt. Minimum of SSPC-SP 6 Commercial Blast or Sa 2 for large areas is preferred. Performance and longevity will be affected by the degree of surface cleaning achieved. The temperature of the substrate should be minimum 3C above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. Good ventilation is usually required in confined areas to ensure correct drying.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.

Pioneer Primer 2 x 3.0 mils Pioneer Topcoat 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
PIONEER TOPCOAT
Pioneer Topcoat is an acrylic resin based topcoat. A finishing coat system for protection of steel and concrete in a variety of climatic conditions. For exterior and interior use. Water resistant and unsaponifiable. Quick drying and may be used at low temperatures.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss retention : : : : : : : According to color card and Multicolor tinting system (MCI) 39% 2 4.5 lbs/gal (540 gms./ltr.) Chemical Resistance : 83oF (28oC ) Semi-gloss Water Resistance : Good Abrasion Resistance : Very good Solvent Resistance : Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 4.0 5.0 mils (100 - 125 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Good Very good Good Limited

1.5 - 2.0 mils (38 - 50 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with NESHAP VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Pioneer Topcoat
The substrate must be clean and dry. Surface contamination is to be removed by detergents and fresh water cleaning. The temperature of the substrate should be minimum 3C above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. Good ventilation is usually required in confined areas to ensure correct drying.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.

Pioneer Primer 2 x 3.0 mils Pioneer Topcoat 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
PRIMASTIC AV
Primastic AV is a two pack, high solids modified epoxy coating. As an anticorrosive primer for steel structures. For steel surfaces where blast cleaning may not be possible
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Black, off-white, grey, and red 78% 2 2.0 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 5.0 - 13.0 mils (125 - 325 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
: : : :
Very good Good Good Good

4.0 - 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Airless spray. Brush and roller can be used for smaller areas. 4:1 by volume with Primastic AV Part B. Jotun Thinner No. 17 15 minutes 2 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.023 - 0.031" (0.58 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Primastic AV
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free of mill scale. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%. When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the coating film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. PrimasticAV should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Primastic AV Hardtop II
Technical Data
PRIMASTIC AV WINTERGRADE
Primastic AV Wintergrade is a two pack, modified epoxy based coating intended for use at temperatures between 23F (-5C) and 50F (10C). As an anticorrosive primer for steel structures. For steel surfaces where blast cleaning may not be possible
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Gloss Retention : : : : : : : Grey and red 72% 2 2.3 lbs/gal (276 gms./ltr.) 95oF (35oC ) Semi-gloss Good Fair Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 6.0 14.0 mils (150 - 350 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
: : : :
Very good Good Good Good

4.0 - 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Airless spray 4:1 by volume with Primastic AV Wintergrade Part B Jotun Thinner No. 17 10 minutes 1 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Primastic AV Wintergrade
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free of mill scale. Improved surface preparation will improve performance. For best results, apply when surface temperature is a minimum of 23F (-5C) and at least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air in the vicinity of the substrate. Primastic AV Wintergrade should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until fully cured.

23F (-5C) 32F (0C) 41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Primastic AV Wintergrade Hardtop II
Technical Data
PRIMASTIC UNIVERSAL AV
Primastic Universal AV is a two-pack, high solids modified epoxy coating. Anticorrosive primer for steel structures above and below water, also on steel where blast cleaning may not be possible.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss Gloss retention : : : : : : : Aluminium and aluminium red toned 75% 2 2.2 lbs/gal (240 gms./ltr.) Water resistance 95oF (35oC ) Good Solvent resistance Semi- gloss Chemical resistance Fair Abrasion resistance Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 5.0 - 13.0 mils (125 - 325 m) 9.0 mils (225 m)
: : : :
Very good Good Good Very good
Theoretical spreading rate 1223 ft2/gal (30 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 175 ft2/gal (4.3 m2/ltr.)

4.0 - 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
Airless spray. 4:1 by volume with Primastic Universal Part B 10 minutes 2 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.023 - 0.031" (0.58 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: *The temperature of the mixture of base and curing agent is recommended to be at least 59F (15C), otherwise extra solvent may be required to obtain correct viscosity. *Too much solvent results in lower sag resistance and slower cure. * If extra solvent is necessary, this should be added after mixing of the two components. * Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations.
Primastic Universal AV
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove all loose paint, rust, and dirt. Surface should be free from mill scale. The temperature of the substrate should be min. 50F (10 C) and at least 5F (3 C) above the dew point of the air in the vicinity of the substrate. When used in confined spaces, good ventilation is necessary. Do not use heated air until the solvents have evaporated from the coating film to avoid surface drying and solvent entrapment. Primastic Universal AV should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or strong mechanical stress until fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
1 2
Surface Dry
Hard Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application, there is normally no overcoating time limit. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before preceding coat has cured. If the coating has been exposed to direct sunlight for some time, special attention must be paid to surface cleaning and the removal of chalking residues to ensure good adhesion.
ABOVE WATER: Primastic Universal AV Hardtop II
UNDER WATER : Primastic Universal AV 2 x 8.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Antifouling system as specified Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use
Technical Data
QUICK DRY AV
A quick drying alkyd topcoat. As a general maintenance finish coat for both exterior and interior use.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Gloss Retention : : : : : : According to color card and Mulitcolor tinting system (MCI) 53% 2 3.40 lbs/gal (407 gms./ltr.) 80oF (27oC ) High gloss Very good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 2.0 4.0 mils (50 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m) Theoretical spreading rate 864 ft2/gal (21.2 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 576 ft2/gal (14.1 m2/ltr.)

1.0 2.0 mils (25 50 m) 1.5 mils (40 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Quick Dry AV
All surfaces to be coated must be dry, free of dust, dirt, moisture, and any other surface contaminants. Previously painted high gloss surfaces should be sanded lightly to ensure maximum adhesion. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
3 Hours 2 Hours 1 Hour 30 Minutes
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application, there is normally no overcoating time limit. Best intercoat adhesion occurs, however, when the subsequent coat is applied before preceding coat has cured.
TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM : Vinyguard Silvergrey 88
2 x 3.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) QUICK DRY AV 1 x 1.5 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
RESIST-AV
A two pack, inorganic ethyl silicate zinc rich primer. The cure rate is dependent on temperature and relative humidity. Protection of blast-cleaned steel. Normally used in combination with an epoxy system for optimum protection against corrosion. Withstands temperatures up to 752F (400C).
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility Chemical Resistance : : : : : : : Gray-Green 71% 2 2.8 lbs/gal (336 gms./ltr.) Abrasion Resistance : 69oF (20oC ) Flat Water Resistance : Limited Solvent Resistance : Excellent within pH range of 6-10 Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 - 6.0 mils (75 - 150 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Very good Very good Excellent

2.0 - 4.0 mils (50 - 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
: : : : : : : :
Spray airless preferred. Brush may be used for small areas. A two component product with liquid resin and dry zinc dust pigment supplied in separate containers. The two components must be mixed as follows: Add the zinc dust pigment, Component B, slowly to liquid, Component A, stirring continuously. Pigment must be added to liquid, not liquid into pigment. Stir until uniformly mixed, then strain through a 50 mesh strainer. Continuous agitation during application is recommended. Jotun Thinner No. 17 8 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.026" (0.43 - 0.66 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Resist-AV
SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2. White metal is preferred at SSPC-SP 5 White Metal Blast or Sa 3.
The temperature of the substrate should be min. 5C and at least 3C above the dew point of the air, temperature and relative humidity measured in the vicinity of the substrate. Zinc silicate paints in general requires moisture for curing. At low humidity the curing will be improved by gently sprinkling fresh water over the paint film, and/or by artificial humidification of the surrounding atmosphere. The paint must be completely cured before topcoating, otherwise the adhesion of the subsequent coat will be unsatisfactory. Use Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) test according to ASTM D 4752-87 to verify the curing time before topcoating. Unweathered zinc silicate films are porous and the porosity may vary according to the weather condition during application and the application technique. When overcoating, the air in the pores will escape through the new coat of paint and may cause blisters or pinholes ("popping") in the coat just after application. To avoid this a mist coat/full coat technique is recommended: First apply a thin coat to fill the pores in the zinc silicate film and a few minutes later apply to full specified film thickness. In difficult cases it may be necessary to thin the next coat.
DRYING TIME : Drying times are generally related to air circulation, temperature, film thickness and relative humidity,
and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with: * Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air) * Recommended film thickness * Above 50% relative humidity.
Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate 4 Temp.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured3
48 24 18 16 Hours Hours Hours Hours
Minimum
Maximum2
2. 3. 4.
In case of multi-coat application, drying time will be influenced by the number in sequence and by the total thickness of previous coats applied reference is made to the corresponding system data sheet. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. Cure to be verified by MEK test, ASTM D4752-98. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.

Resist AV Topcoat: Normally with an epoxy system 1 x 3.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
SAFEGUARD UNIVERSAL AV
Safeguard Universal is a two-pack corrosion preventing epoxy vinyl-based coating. Safeguard Universal is normally used as an undercoat in combination with epoxy and polyurethane systems. It provides very good adhesion with various topcoats including self-polishing antifoulings, but not alkyd based coatings.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Flexibility : : : : : : Grey and red 65% 2 2.78 lbs/gal (333.6 gms./ltr.) 83oF (27oC ) Semi-gloss Good
: : : :
Good Excellent Good Good
Film thickness per coat (Standard) Dry Wet 3.0 - 12.0 mils (75 - 300 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)

2.0 - 8.0 mils (50 - 200 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas 4:1 by volume with Safeguard Universal AV Part B. Jotun Thinner No. 17 2 hours 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.021 - 0.031" (0.53 - 0.79 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: * The temperature of the mixture of base and curing agent is recommended to be at least 59F, otherwise extra solvent may be required to obtain correct viscosity. *Too much solvent results in lower sag resistance and slower cure. *Thinner should be added after mixing components. * Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations.
Safeguard Universal AV
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and free of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, loose paint and rust.
For best results, the temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air in the vicinity of the substrate. Safeguard Universal AV should not be exposed to oil, chemicals or mechanical stress until it is fully cured.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The surface should be free from chalking and contamination prior to application. For interior exposure, note that the best intercoat adhesion occurs when the subsequent coat is applied before the preceding coat is cured.
Primastic Universal AV 1 x 7.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Safeguard Universal AV 1 x 5.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Antifouling as required. Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
Stocking Special*
SEALKOTE
A vegetable based, penetrating drying oil blend with excellent rust inhibitive, and moisture repellent properties. For use on ferrous metals in areas where conventional surface preparation is not practical, such as voids and ballast tanks. Sealkote will coat and seal around and through standing rust and inhibit further corrosion of the substrate.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point : : : : Light amber 100% 2 0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) 300oF (149oC ) Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 12.0 mils (75 - 300 m) 7.0 mils (175 m) Theoretical spreading rate 1630 ft2/gal (40 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 232 ft2/gal (5.7 m2/ltr.)

3.0 - 12.0 mils (75 300 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)
Airless spray or floating under certain circumstances Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.017" (0.38 - 0.43 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Sealkote
SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION : DRYING TIME :
All surfaces to be coated must be dry and free of all dust, dirt, grease, wax, loose paint and rust. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2, or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3 to remove all loose paint, rust and dirt. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

73F (23C)
Surface Dry Minimum

48 Hours 48 Hours
Maximum
1. 2.
Sealkote 1 x 7.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
Technical Data
SEAVICTOR 50
A tin free polishing antifouling based on acrylic copolymer binder. This product is designed for worldwide use on underwater hull areas to arrest the attachment and growth of fouling organisms. The slow polishing rate of the film ensures continuous antifouling protection.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Black, blue and red 55% 2 3.27 lbs/gal (392 gms./ltr.) 83oF (28oC ) Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 6.0 9.0 mils (150 - 225 m) 7.3 mils (185 m) Theoretical spreading rate 897 ft2/gal (22 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 224 ft2/gal (5.5 m2/ltr.)

3.0 5.0 mils (75 - 125 m) 4.0 mils (100 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller may be used for small areas. Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.025" (0.43 - 0.63 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Seavictor 50
To be applied on a clean and dry primer or intact self-polishing antifouling. Contamination on the surface should be removed by high-pressure fresh water washing.
The temperature of the substrate should be min. 50F (10 C) and at least 5F (3 C) above the dew point.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
1 Hour 1 Hour 30 Minutes 30 Minutes
Through Dry
Dry for 1 Launching

12-16 Hours 10-14 Hours 8-12 Hours 6-10 Hours
Minimum
Maximum3
1. 2. 3.
The interval indicates the time which normally occurs in a drydocking situation where the drying time depends on the total film thickness of primer/antifouling applied. The drying time will increase with increasing film thickness. Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The substrate should be dry and free from any contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat.
RECOMMENDED TYPE OF PRIMER :

Vinyguard Silvergray 88, Jotamastic 87 or Primastic Universal with Safeguard Universal
Technical Data
SOLVALITT
Solvalitt is a heat resisting paint based on a silicone acrylic binder. To be used as a topcoat on items exposed to high temperatures up to 1112F (600C). In combination with zinc silicate coatings, maximum 752F (400C).
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Aluminium 43% 2 4.15 lbs/gal (497 gms./ltr.) 79oF (26oC ) Aluminium sheen/flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 2.3 3.3 mils (60 - 80 m) 2.3 mils (60 m) Theoretical spreading rate 701 ft2/gal (17.2 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 701 ft2/gal (17.2 m2/ltr.)

1.0 1.4 mils (25 - 35 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller. Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.015 - 0.021" (0.38 - 0.48 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Solvalitt
Minimum blast to SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2 (ISO 8501-1:1988).

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.

Resist AV Solvalitt Or Solvalitt 1 x 3.0 mils 1-2 x 1.0 mil 2-3 x 1.0 mil (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use
Technical Data
SOVACHEM TANKLINING
A high build epoxy coating with excellent resistance to a wide range of chemicals and solvents. A tanklining for stationary tanks, product carriers and parcel tankers storing or transporting aggressive commodities. A separate resistance list is available.
RECOMMENDED USE
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss : : : : : : Buff, gray and white 68% 2 2.40 lbs/gal (288 gms./ltr.) 102oF (39oC ) Good Low
Water resistance Solvent resistance Chemical resistance Abrasion resistance
: : : :
Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 9.0 - 11.0 mils (225 - 275 m) 9.0 mils (225 m)

5.0 7.0 mils (125 - 175 m) 6.0 mils (150 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for smaller areas. 6:1 by volume with Sovachem Tanklining Part B 15 minutes 7 hours Jotun Thinner No. 17 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
APPROVALS : Meets Mil-PRF-23236B Type I and Type IV, Grade A and B.
Sovachem Tanklining
Prior to blast cleaning all sharp (burned/cut) edges to be ground smooth and weld spatter removed according to standards agreed on among the parties concerned. All steel to be coated must be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP-10, (Sa 2) (ISO 8501-1:1988) with an approved abrasive. It is important to maintain this standard until the first coat has been applied. If the steel changed color or rust bloom begins to form, this reflects improper control of the dewpoint which makes counter measures, including reblasting necessary. After blasting, the steel should be vacuum-cleaned to remove all dust before application of paint. The handling of the scaffolding should also be performed in such a way that dust will not contaminate the paint work. Control of humidity and air/steel temperature is absolutely necessary to ensure smooth progress of work, regardless of weather conditions. The temperature of the steel should, during application of the paint, be a least 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (air temperature and relative humidity to be measured in close proximity to the steel). Hot air ventilation should be avoided as this may lead to surface drying/curing and solvent entrapment. During application, the spray operator must be equipped with a fresh air hood.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
10 Hours 5 Hours 3 Hours 45 Minutes
Hard Dry
Cured
10 Days 8 Days 7 Days 5 Days
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. The surface should be free from chalking and contamination prior to application. Best intercoat adhesion occurs when the subsequent coat is applied before the preceding coat is cured. If this time is exceeded, it may be necessary to roughen the surface.

Sovachem Tanklining 2 x 6.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
VINYGUARD SILVERGRAY 88
Vinyguard Silvergray 88 is a quick drying, non tar modified vinyl primer. A primer for steel structures above and below the waterline. May be used as a sealer coat for water hulls prior to application of antifouling.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Flexibility Gloss : : : : : : Aluminium and aluminium red toned 40% 2 4.50 lbs/gal (540 gms./ltr.) Water resistance 83oF (28oC ) Good Solvent resistance Flat Chemical resistance Abrasion resistance Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 4.0 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
: : : :
Very good Limited Good Good

1.5 - 4.0 mils (40 - 100 m) 3.0 mils (75 m)
Airless spray. Brush or roller may be used for smaller areas. Jotun Thinner No. 7 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.025" (0.43 - 0.64 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with NESHAP VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
Vinyguard Silvergray 88
Clean, dry and undamaged shop primer or blast cleaning to SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2.5. Power tool cleaning to SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3 may be acceptable for minor touch up work. For best results, apply when the surface temperature is above 50F (10 C) and a minimum of 5F (3 C) above the dew point, and the relative humidity is not greater than 85%.
Dry to Recoat 1,2 Substrate Temp.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Cured
-
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2. 3.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. In case of multi-coat application, drying times will be influenced by the number in sequence and by the total thickness of previous coat applied reference is made to the corresponding system data sheet. The surface should be free from any contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.
BELOW WATER: Vinyguard Silvergray 88
3 x 3.0 mils
(Dry Film Thickness)
ABOVE WATER : Vinyguard Silvergray 88 2 x 3.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Pioneer Topcoat 1 x 2.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Alternatively Pilot II 1 x 1.5mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use
Technical Data
WATERFINE TOPCOAT AV
A high gloss, waterborne acrylic topcoat. As topcoat on water borne primer or intermediate coat in a complete water borne corrosion resistant paint system. High gloss and very good weather properties. Can also be used in combination with suitable solvent borne/solvent free primer/undercoat, and as maintenance coating on a wide range of topcoats.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Gloss Retention Flexibility : : : : : : : Limited range 38% 2 1.1 lbs/gal (132 gms./ltr.) 210oF (99oC ) High Excellent Very Good Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 5.0 8.0 mils (125 - 200 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)
Water Resistance
Good

2.0 3.0 mils (50 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Airless spray, brush or roller for small areas. Fresh clean water 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.021" (0.43 - 0.53 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
NOTE: * Solvent levels should not exceed those allowed per VOC regulations
All surfaces should be clean, dry and free from contamination. Coated surfaces Clean, dry and undamaged compatible primer. Contact your local Jotun office for more information The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%. Consult your Jotun Representative before applying at low temperatures.
WaterFine Topcoat AV
and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with: * Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air) * Recommended film thickness * One coat on top of inert substrate * 70% relative humidity

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry Hard Dry

90 Minutes 40 Minutes 30 Minutes 15 Minutes 6 Hours 1 Hours 1 Hour 1 Hour
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.
WaterFine Acrylic Primer 1 x 3.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) WaterFine Topcoat AV 1 x 2.0 mils (Dry Film Thickness) Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use.
PROCEDURE FOR PREPARATION AND CLEANING OF APPLICATION EQUIPMENT :

To avoid solvent contamination of the water borne paint the spraying equipment has to be conditioned before use. All equipment containing solvents in the pump, hoses and gun have to be thoroughly cleaned according to the following instructions. If the application equipment is made in stainless steel, designed for and only used for application of water borne coatings this preparation and cleaning procedure is not needed. Before spraying: Circulate Jotun Thinner No. 17 through the equipment and hoses. Then alcohol (isopropanol or ethanol) before fresh clean water. After spraying: Clean the equipment and hoses with water and detergent (Kraftvask), then circulate with alcohol and finally Jotun Thinner No. 17.
STORAGE: HANDLING: HEALTH AND SAFETY :
Technical Data
WB-5 DURO-SEAL
Water based, water displacing, zero VOC compound. Barrier against corrosive environments for ferrous and non-ferrous maritime components and equipment.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Water Resistance : : : : : White 35% 2 (as applied) 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) Non-flammable Excellent Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 4.0 - 6.0 mils (100 - 150 m) 6.0 mils (150 m) Theoretical spreading rate 570 ft2/gal (14 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 285 ft2/gal (7.0 m2/ltr.)

1.5 - 2.0 mils (38 - 50 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Spray airless. Brush and spray for small areas. Fresh clean water 2100 psi (15 MPa 150 kp/cm) 0.017 - 0.023" (0.43 - 0.58 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
WB-5 Duro-Seal
Surface should be cleaned of all oil, grease, water soluble salts, and other contaminants. Hand tool clean to a minimum of SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2.

50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
4 - 5 Hours 2 - 3 Hours 1 Hour
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum
1. 2.

WB-5-Duro-seal 1x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WB-14A PRE-CONSTRUCTION PRIMER
A two pack , self curing waterborne inorganic zinc weldable pre-construction primer. A shop primer where corrosion protection and weldability are required.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Gray 64% 2 (as applied) 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) Non-flammable Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 1.2 - 1.6 mils (30 - 40 m) 1.6 mils (40 m)
Excellent Excellent Excellent

0.75 - 1.0 mils (19 - 25 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
Thinner/Cleaner Pot Life @ 73F (23C) Guiding data conv. spray Pressure at nozzle Nozzle tip Spray angle Filter Max Thinning Permissible Per VOC Regulations
: : : : : : : :
Conventional spray. A two component product with liquid resin and dry zinc dust pigment supplied in separate containers. The two components must be mixed as follows: Add the zinc dust pigment, Component B, slowly to liquid, Component A, stirring continuously. Pigment must be added to liquid, not liquid into pigment. Stir until uniformly mixed, then strain through a 50 mesh strainer. Continuous agitation during application is recommended. Clean fresh water, 8 oz./gallon maximum 6 hours 60 psi (0.43 MPa 4.3 kp/cm) 0.043 - 0.072" (1.08 - 1.8 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
WB-14A Pre-Construction Primer
Steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2. Shot blasting is acceptable if a suitable surface anchor pattern is obtained; usually the inclusion of 15-20% of sharp abrasive is recommended. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C) 110F (43C)
Surface Dry
40 Minutes 20 Minutes 12 Minutes 30 Seconds 10 Seconds
Through Dry
1 Hour 30 Minutes 12 Minutes 30 Seconds 15 Seconds
Minimum2
4 Hours 2 Hours 1 Hours 1 Hour 45 Minutes
Maximum
1. 2.

WB-14A Pre-Construction Primer 1 x 1.0 mil Jotamastic 87 1 x 8.0 mils Hardtop II 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WB-14A WELD ENHANCED
A two pack , self curing inorganic waterborne pre-construction primer. A shop primer for temporary protection of blast cleaned steel specifically designed for high speed welding.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Gray 62% 2 (as applied) 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) Non-flammable Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 1.2 - 1.7 mils (30 - 43 m) 1.7 mils (43 m)

0.75 - 1.0 mils (19 - 25 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
: : : : : : : :
APPROVALS: Approved under Mil-PRF-23236B (SH), Type IV, Class 2. Approved for application and retention to ships Freeboard area, vertical , topsides, and horizontal topside areas. 13F14E has been approved for use in potable water tanks under ANSI/NSF Standard 61-1998.
WB-14A (Weld Enhanced)
Steel should be blast cleaned to a minimum of SSPC-SP 10 Near White Metal Blast or Sa 2. Shot blasting is acceptable if a suitable surface anchor pattern is obtained; usually the inclusion of 15-20% of sharp abrasive is recommended. Galvanized steel, after normal cleaning and preparation, should be abraded to provide a surface texture. For best results, apply when surface temperature is above 50F (10C), and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point, and relative humidity is not greater than 85%.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C) 110F (43C)
Surface Dry
30 Minutes 20 Minutes 12 Minutes < 30 Seconds < 10 Seconds
Through Dry
Minimum2
Maximum
1. 2.

WB-14A Weld Enhanced 1 x 1.0 mil Jotamastic 87 1 x 8.0 mils Hardtop II 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WB-18 WATER BASED INORGANIC ZINC
A two pack , self curing inorganic zinc rich waterborne primer. For protection of blast cleaned steel, will provide excellent corrosion protection and heat resistance in heavy marine and industrial environments.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss Dry Heat : : : : : : Gray 68% 2 (as applied) 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) Non-flammable Flat 752F (400C) sustained Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 3.0 - 8.0 mils (75 - 200 m) 5.0 mils (125 m)
Application Range Typical
2.0 - 5.0 mils (50 - 125 m) 3.0* mils (75 m)
* When used as a single coat and not topcoated; 4.0 mils DFT is recommended.
APPLICATION DATA :
Application Methods Mixing Instructions : : Conventional spray. A two component product with liquid resin and dry zinc dust pigment supplied in separate containers. The two components must be mixed as follows: Add the zinc dust pigment, Component B, slowly to liquid, Component A, stirring continuously. Pigment must be added to liquid, not liquid into pigment. Stir until uniformly mixed, then strain through a 50 mesh strainer. Continuous agitation during application is recommended. Clean fresh water, 8 oz./gallon maximum 6 hours 60 psi (0.43 MPa 4.3 kp/cm) 0.043 - 0.072" (1.08 - 1.8 mm) 40 - 80 Check to ensure that the filters are clean. This product is compliant with both NESHAP and AIM VOC regulations. Consult the product label for the maximum amount of thinner allowed per these regulations.
: : : : : : : :
WB-18 Water Based Inorganic Zinc Silicate

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
5 Hours 3 Hours 1 Hour 40 Minutes
Minimum2
Maximum
1. 2.

WB-18 1x 4.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WB-20 WATERBORNE ZINC PRIMER
A two pack , self curing waterborne inorganic zinc weldable pre-construction primer. A shop primer where corrosion protection and weldability are required.
Color Solids (% by volume) VOC Flash point Gloss : : : : : Gray 51% 2 (as applied) 0.0 lbs/gal (0 gms./ltr.) Non-flammable Flat Film thickness per coat Dry Wet 1.5 2.0 mils (37.5 - 50 m) 1.5 mils (37.5 m)

0.75 - 1.0 mils (19 - 25 m) 1.0 mils (25 m)
: : : : : : : :
WB-20 Water Borne Zinc Primer

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C) 110F (43C)
Surface Dry
40 Minutes 20 Minutes 12 Minutes 30 Seconds 10 Seconds
Through Dry
Minimum2
Maximum
1. 2.

WB-20 Waterborne Zinc Primer 1 x 1.0 mil Jotamastic 87 1 x 8.0 mils Hardtop II 1 x 2.0 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WETSALL PRIMER
A low gloss, alkyd based corrosion inhibiting primer. As a primer for steel structures as part of a suitable alkyd system.
Water Resistance : Abrasion Resistance :
Good Fair
Theoretical spreading rate 978 ft2/gal (24 m2/ltr.) per dry mil (25 m) 652 ft2/gal (16.0 m2/ltr.)

1.0 - 2.0 mils (25 - 50 m) 1.5 mils (40 m)
Wetsall Primer
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove loose paint, rust and dirt. Wetsall Primer can be applied on poorly prepared surfaces. Wetsalls low surface tension allows for the wetting and penetration of tight rust, creating a strong bond, and providing an good substrate for subsequent coats. Improved surface pretreatment will improve performance and blast cleaning to SSPCSP-10 (Sa 2) (ISO 8501-1:1988) is recommended. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 50F (10C) and a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point of the air (temperature and relative humidity to be measured in the vicinity of the substrate).

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
Through Dry
Minimum
Maximum2
1. 2.

Wetsall Primer 2 x 2.0 mils Pilot II 1 x 1.5 mils Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)
Technical Data
WETSALL SPECIAL PRIMER
A low gloss, alkyd based corrosion inhibiting primer. A primer specifically formulated as a single package primer for alkyd topcoat and high performance epoxy, urethane and water acrylic topcoats.
Chemical Resistance : Water Resistance : Solvent Resistance :
Good Good Fair

1.5 - 3.0 mils (38 - 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)
Wetsall Special Primer
Surface should be washed clean of oil, grease, water soluble salts, or other contaminants. Use hand or power tool cleaning per SSPC-SP 2 Hand Tool Cleaning or St 2 or SSPC-SP 3 Power Tool Cleaning or St 3, to remove loose paint, rust and dirt. The temperature of the substrate should be a minimum of 5F (3C) above the dew point.
Dry to Recoat 1,2 Substrate Temp.

41F (5C) 50F (10C) 73F (23C) 95F (35C)
Surface Dry
5 Hours 3 Hours 25 Minutes 15 Minutes
Through Dry
Minimum3
Maximum
1. 2. 3.
Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint. Wait 48 hours before topcoating with epoxy. Provided the surface is free from chalking and other contamination prior to application. The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on existing coating, generic type, film thickness, system chosen, number of coats, ventilation, temperature, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be defined on a specification sheet, where all parameters and special conditions are included.

Wetsall Special Primer 1 x 2.0 mils Can be topcoated with both one and two component topcoats. Other systems may be specified as well, depending on area of use. (Dry Film Thickness)

What is Paint? Introduction to Jotun's Technical Data Manual

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What is Paint? Introduction to Jotun's Technical Data Manual

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What is Paint?

Introduction to Jotuns Technical Data Manual

Life Cycle Costs of Coatings Systems

Surface Preparation Standards

Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Health and Safety

Temperature Film Thickness

Name Giga Mega Kilo Hecto Deca

Factor 10-1 10-1 10-3 10-6 10-9

Name Deci Centi milli micro nana

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Abrasion Resistance Water Resistance Solvent Resistance Chemical Resistance

Very good Excellent Good Good

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

6.0 - 12.0 mils (150 - 300 m) 8.0 mils (200 m)

CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION : DRYING TIME:

Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM : STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

Chemical Resistance : Water Resistance : Solvent Resistance :

Fair Very Good Good

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

2.0 - 3.0 mils (50 - 75 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)

SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :

Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM :

STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

Abrasion Resistance Water Resistance Solvent Resistance Chemical Resistance

Very good Very good Good Good

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

6.0 - 10.0 mils (100 - 250 m) 7.0 mils (175 m)

CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :

Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM :

Primastic Black Mastic

1 x 6.0 mils 1 x 6.0 mils

(Dry Film Thickness) (Dry Film Thickness)

STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

Water resistance Weather resistance

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

8.0 - 12.0 mils (200 - 500 m) 10.0 mils (250 m)

CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :

Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM:

STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

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Solvent Resistance : Abrasion Resistance :

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

1.5 - 2.5mils (37.5 - 60 m) 2.0 mils (50 m)

SURFACE PREPARATION : CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :

Dry to Recoat 1 Substrate Temp.

TYPICAL RECOMMENDED PAINT SYSTEM :

STORAGE : HANDLING : HEALTH AND SAFETY :

Water resistance Solvent resistance Chemical resistance Abrasion resistance

Excellent Very good Very good Good

Application Range Typical APPLICATION DATA :

5.0 - 7.0 mils (125 - 175 m) 6.0 mils (150 m)

Epoxy Tanklining 550 Series

CONDITIONS DURING APPLICATION :

Dry to Recoat Substrate Temp.