Chapter 9 Acids, Bases and Salts

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Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

 Definitions 1. Acid: -A compound having usually sour taste and capable of neutrali ing al!alis and reddening blue litmus paper" containing hydrogen that can be replaced by a metal or any other electropositive atom to form salt" or containing an atom that can accept electrons from a base. 2. Base: - A base is a substance that can accept hydrogen ions or more generally" donates electrons pairs. 3. Salt: -the ionic substance that result from the neutrali ation of an acid #ith a base. 4. Ph: - A measure of the acidity or al!alinity of a solution" numerically e$ual to % for neutral solutions" increasing #ith increasing al!alinity and decreasing #ith increasing acidity. 5. Arrhenius Theory& 't states that an acid can be defined as a substance that yields hydrogen ions #hen dissolved in #ater. A base can be defined as a substance #hich yields hydro(ide ions #hen dissolved in #ater. 6. Bronsted Lowery Theory: 't states that an acid is a substance having a tendency to donate one or more protons and a base is a substance having a tendency to accept protons.

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

. Lewis Theory: 't states that an acid is any species )molecule or ion* #hich can accept a pair of electrons and a base is any species )molecule or ion* #hich can donate a pair of electrons. !. Titration: -titration is the $uantitative measurement of an analyte in solution by completely reaction #ith reagent solution. "ndicators: -color sho#ing organic compounds. +, for acid-base titrations" organic compounds that e(hibit different colors in solution of different acidities. used to determine the point at #hich the reaction bet#een t#o solutes is complete. #. Bu$$er: -any substance that prevents changes in p/ is !no#n as buffer. 1%. &eutrali'ation: -#hen the t#o substances )acid and base* having opposed properties are allo#ed to react" salt and #ater are produced. The reaction is !no#n as neutrali ation.

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

 Multiple hoice !uestions" 0. Ascorbic acid is the other name of& a* 1itamin A b* 1itamin 2 c* 1itamin C d* 1itamin D 3. all are the properties of acids e(cept& a* sour in taste b* smooth in touch c* proton donor d* electrons acceptor 4. the common acid in stomach is& a* /Cl b* /3S+5 c* /6+4 d* /47+5 5. The consumption of 88 is an inde( to the state of civili ation and prosperity of a country& a* /Cl b* /3S+5 c* /6+4 d* /47+5 9. the important acid for ma!ing e(plosive materials and fertili ers is& a* /Cl b* /3S+5 c* /6+4 d* /47+5 :. the souring of mil! produces. a* citric acid b* lactic acid c* acetic acid d* fumaric acid %. lemon" oranges" grape fruits contain& a* citric acid b* lactic acid c* acetic acid d* fumaric acid

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

;. all are the properties of bases e(cept& a* bitter in taste b* a$ueous solution conducts electricity c* undergo neutrali ation #ith acids d* turn litmus paper to red. Q < = 05 Select from the terms belo#& a* Arrhenius Theory b* 2ronsted =lo#ery c* >e#is concept d* 6.+.T <. 2ases are proton acceptors. 0?. acids are sour in taste 00. acids are /@ ions donor 03. bases turn litmus paper to blue 04. ammonia is base 05. bases are electron donors 09. all are #ea! acids e(cept& a* sulphuric acid b * acetic acid c* formic acid d* phosphoric acid 0:. #hich one is the normal salt& a* 6aCl b* 6a/S+5 c* A/C+4 d* Mg)+/* Cl 0%. #hich one is not double salt& a* potash alum b* chrome alum c* MohorBs salt d* table salt

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

Q0; -33 Select from the terms belo#& a* Sodium carbonate b* bac!ing soda c* copper sulphate d* Cpsom salt e* potash alum f* 6.+.T 0;. it is a common double salt 0<. used as antiacid and fire e(tinguishers 3?. used as germicide" insecticide and in paint and varnish industry 30. it is used in softening of #ater" glass industry and as cleaning agent 33. used as anticeptic and mouth #ash 34. #ater is not& a* universal solvent c* present in urine e* 6.+.T b* li$uid d* amphoteric molecule

35. The number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution is& a* molarity b* molality c* titration d* p/ 39. negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration is& a* molarity b* molality c* titration d* p/

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

3:. it is important for an analytical chemist a* molarity b* molality c* titration d* p/ Q 3% = 43 Select from the terms belo# a* ? b* 9-% c* % d* %.5 e* 05 3%. it is the neutral p/ 3;. the p/ of #ater is & 3<. it is the highly acidic 7h 4?. the p/ of urine is& 40. the p/ of blood is 43. p/ @ p +/ D E 44. Methyl orange produce8. Color in acidic solution a* red b* green c* yello# d* pin! 45. a solution #hose molarity or strength is !no#n is called standard solution& a* true b* false

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur

49. lo# p / of blood causes diabetes" diarrhea" vomiting. a* true b* false 4:. #ater and C+3 are produced as a result of neutrali ation& a* true b* false Answer #ey 0 5 % 0? 04 0: 0< 33 39 3; 40 45 3 9 ; 00 05 0% 3? 34 3: 3< 43 49 B D A D $ A $ B 4 : < 03 09 0; 30 35 3% 4? 44 4: A B B D A $ A B A A B

B A D B A B $ D D A

Chemistry Def. & MCQs

Dr. Sajid Ali Talpur