Tencon Presentation 11.22.12

Performance Evaluation of Series Hybrid and Pure Electric Vehicles Using Lead-Acid Batteries and Supercapacitors
INFANTE, William F. KHAN, Aldrin F. LIBATIQUE, Nathaniel Joseph C. TANGONAN, Gregory L UY, Sherdon Nino Y.
The 2012 IEEE Region 10 Conference: Sustainable Development through Humanitarian Technology (TENCON 2012), November 19-22, Philippines
Outline
Trends Approach Results
Use of Supercapacitors Parameter Space Regular Route
Summary Ongoing Research

Traffic Simulations Accidents
The 2012 IEEE Region 10 Conference: Sustainable Development through Humanitarian Technology (TENCON 2012), November 19-22, Philippines Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University
Trends: World Energy Demand
Source: Chevron (2010): Rise in Energy Demand in different Sectors

Trends: Rise of Electric Vehicles
Source: US Department of Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (and U.S. Bureau of Labor and Statistics)
Trends: Dual-Source System
Supercapacitors
Pb-Acid
Controller
Vehicle Motor
Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University
Trends: Ragone Plot of Devices

103
Fuel Cells
Specific Energy [Whr/kg]
Combustion Engines Li-Ion
102
Ni-Cd
10 10
Pb-Acid Flywheels
Supercapacitors
10-1
Capacitors
10-2 1 10
102
103
104
Specific Power [W/kg]

Source: Ragone Plot of Common Storage Devices (Flynn, 2004)
Approach: Overview
Part 1: Vehicle Simulation
Input: Drive Cycle Performance Simulation
(MATLAB QSS)
Output: Efficiency Graphs
Approach: Overview
Focus Input: Drive Cycle Performance Simulation Generic Pure EV Output: Efficiency Graphs
Effect of using supercapacitors
Jeepney Driving Cycle
Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance
Extended Jeepney Fuel Consumption SHEV Driving Cycle with supercapacitors Extended Jeepney SHEV Fuel Consumption Driving Cycle with supercapacitors Assumed Regular Driving Cycle
Generic SHEV
Parameter Space Exploration
Battery and Initial SHEV Supercapacitor Experiments with with supercapacitors Performance Extended Jeepney Regular Route Fuel Consumption Driving Cycle
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: Jeepney Driving Cycle*

Speed (m/s)
12 8 4 0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Time (s)
*Source: UP National Center for Transportation Studies (Philippines)

12
Approach: Driving Cycles

12 8 4 0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Jeepney Driving Cycle*
Speed (m/s)
12 8 4 0 0 12 8 4 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Regular Route
Multi-agent Simulation
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Time (s)
13
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: PEV with supercapacitors
w_wheel v v dw_wheel dv dv T_wheel
w_wheel
w_trans
w_gear dw_gear T_gear P_EM P_SC U_SC
dw_wheel dw_trans T_wheel T_trans
Vehicle
TransmissionEM
Electric Motor
Supercapacitor
P_BT
Q_BT
x_tot
x_tot
V_BT
Driving Cycle
Pb-Acid Battery
Display: Battery Voltage
16
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: SHEV with supercapacitors

w_wheel v v dv dv dw_wheel T_wheel dw_wheel T_wheel dw_trans T_trans dw_gear T_gear P_EM P_SC U_SC w_wheel w_trans w_gear
Vehicle
i
Transmission -EG
w_wheel w_trans dw_trans T_trans dw_wheel T_wheel
Electric Motor
w_gear
Supercapacitor
P_BT Q_BT
x_tot
P_EG T_gear x_tot V_BT
Driving Cycle
w_ctrl Q_BT dw_ctrl T_ctrl
Transmission -CE-EG
Electric Generator
w_gear dw_gear T_gear P_CE P_fuel
Pb-Acid Electric Power Battery Balance

liter/100 km
x_tot
Battery Controller
Combustion Engine
Tank
Display: Fuel Consumption
18
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Results: Battery Performance

Generic Pure EV
Pure EV with Supercapacitors
21
Results: Supercapacitor Performance
22
Results: SHEV Fuel Consumption

Fuel Consumption (L/100 km) 30 25 20 15
10
5 0 0 1000 2000 3000 Time (sec) 4000 5000 6000
SHEV no supercapacitors
SHEV with supercapacitors
23
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Results: Battery Parameter Space

30
Fuel Consumption (L/100 km)
25 20 15 10 5 0
0 5000 10000 15000
TIme (s)
20 Ah 60 Ah
30 Ah 70 Ah
40 Ah 80 Ah
50 Ah 90 Ah 25
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Results: Fuel Consumption

Fuel Consumption (L/100 km) 10
8 6 4
2
0 0 3000 6000 9000 Time (s) 12000 15000
Jeepney Driving Cycle Regular Route Driving Cycle
27
Approach: Overview
Generic SHEV
Summary
Supercapacitors reduce the strain in the batteries. Fuel consumption is improved when supercapacitors are used.
29
Ongoing Research
Part 3: Linking Simulations
Input: Traffic Policies Multi-Agent Simulation
(NetLogo)
Drive Cycle
Performance Simulation
(MATLAB QSS)
Output: Efficiency Graphs
30
Ongoing Research
Speed (m/s) 10 5 0 0 500 1000 1500 Time (sec) 2000 2500
Speed (m/s)
10 5 0
500
1000 1500 Time (sec)
2000
2500
31
Ongoing Research
32
Ongoing Research
33
Performance Evaluation of Series Hybrid and Pure Electric Vehicles Using Lead-Acid Batteries and Supercapacitors
INFANTE, William F. KHAN, Aldrin F. LIBATIQUE, Nathaniel Joseph C. TANGONAN, Gregory L UY, Sherdon Nino Y.

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Performance Evaluation of Series Hybrid and Pure Electric Vehicles Using Lead-Acid Batteries and Supercapacitors

Summary Ongoing Research

Trends: World Energy Demand

Source: Chevron (2010): Rise in Energy Demand in different Sectors

Trends: Rise of Electric Vehicles

Trends: Dual-Source System

Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University

Trends: Ragone Plot of Devices

Specific Energy [Whr/kg]

Combustion Engines Li-Ion

Specific Power [W/kg]

Output: Efficiency Graphs

Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Approach: Jeepney Driving Cycle*

*Source: UP National Center for Transportation Studies (Philippines)

Approach: Driving Cycles

Jeepney Driving Cycle*

12 8 4 0 0 12 8 4 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Approach: PEV with supercapacitors

w_wheel v v dw_wheel dv dv T_wheel

w_gear dw_gear T_gear P_EM P_SC U_SC

dw_wheel dw_trans T_wheel T_trans

Display: Battery Voltage

Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Approach: SHEV with supercapacitors

P_EG T_gear x_tot V_BT

Pb-Acid Electric Power Battery Balance

Display: Fuel Consumption

Performance Evaluation of E-vehicles William F. Infante, Ateneo de Manila University

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance

Parameter Space Exploration

Effect of using supercapacitors

Jeepney Driving Cycle

Battery and Supercapacitor Pure EV with supercapacitors Performance