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Literal comprehension focuses on the ideas and information that are explicitly stated. A simple task in literal comprehension may be the recognition or recall of a single fact or incident. A more complex task might be the recognition or recall of a series of facts or the sequencing of incidents.
LITERAL COMPREHENSION
Recognition
Whats this Who What Where Why What happened #hen or during $$$$ %ind out #hat $$$ is going to do What did $$$ do first'next'last %ind'tell me the differences bet#een $$$ and $$$ Are $$$ and $$$ the same %ind similes) find metaphors %ind out the reasons for $$$ What caused $$$ %ind'tell me the #ords and phrases #hich describe the characters Write'tell me a list of all the details you can remember What happened to$$$ Tell in correct order Look at the illustrations and retell the story +o# #as this $$$ different from the others "n #hat #ays #ere $$$ and $$$ similar'different Why #as $$$ so determined to $$$ What #as the purpose of $$$
(ause and *ffect (haracter Traits Recall Details !ain "dea &equence (omparison (ause and *ffect
,eorganisation requires the student to analyse- synthesis- and'or organise ideas or information explicitly stated in the selection. The student may utilise the statements of the author .erbatim or may paraphrase or translate the authors statements.
Which of the follo#ing are $$$ Which of the follo#ing $$$ does not belong Di.ide the story into $$$ parts What has happened up to this point Tell the story in your o#n #ords +o# long did the entire $$$ last +o# many times did $$$ take place /n #hat day did $$$ happen
The student demonstrates inferential comprehension #hen he or she uses ideas and information explicitly stated- his or her intuition- and his or her personal experience as a basis for con0ecture and hypotheses. 1rior kno#ledge- regardless of #here his kno#ledge came from- in an integral part of inference.
Did he realise $$$ Do you think $$$ What is the main idea of this $$$ Discuss the significance of $$$
!ain "deas
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&equence INFERENTIAL
(omparisons
(haracter Traits
What #ill happen next What happened bet#een $$$ and $$$ 1lease these $$$ in logical order +o# does $$$ resemble $$$ (ompare $$$ #ith $$$ Are $$$ and $$$ related What #as it necessary to $$$ +o# did $$$ kno# $$$ What is the result of $$$ What did $$$ pro.e about their attitudes to#ard $$$ What does $$$ tell us about her What kind of person is $$$ Do you think $$$ #ill $$$ What do you think #ill happen What is meant by the phrase $$$
*.aluation deals #ith 0udgement and focuses on qualities of accuracy- acceptability- desirability- #orth or probability of occurrence. *.aluati.e thinking may be demonstrated by asking the students to make the follo#ing 0udgements.
EVALUATION
3udgements of %act or /pinion 3udgements of Adequacy and 4alidity 3udgements of Appropriateness 3udgements of Worth- Desirability and Acceptability
"s $$$ imaginary +o# many unreal things can you find Did $$$ really happen "s $$$ fact or fiction "s $$$ possible Do you think $$$ had anything to do #ith $$$ Which $$$ seem to be correct Did $$$ e.er actually $$$ "s $$$ really $$$ What part of the story best describes the main character Do you like this character +o# do you feel about this character Why #as it #rong for $$$ to $$$
Appreciation calls for students to be emotionally and aesthetically sensiti.e to the #ork and to ha.e a reaction to the #ork of is psychological and artistic elements. Appreciation includes both the kno#ledge of the emotional response to literary techniques- forms- styles and structures.
*motional ,esponse to the (ontent "dentification #ith (haracters or "ncidents ,eactions to the Authors 5se of Language "magery
APPRECIATION
Are you surprised Why do you like or dislike this selection What #ords #ill describe the feelings of $$$ What #ould you do if you #ere $$$ Why is $$$ a good term +o# did the author express the idea of $$$ Dramatise the story. ,ead'say the part the #ay the character might ha.e talked. +o# does $$$ make you feel
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