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1. Fighting colon cancer................................................................................................................................... 1

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Fighting colon cancer


Author: Berry, Kristen Publication info: Philadelphia Tribune [Philadelphia, Pa] 05 Nov 2006: 5E,6E. ProQuest document link Abstract (Abstract): Another test for colorectal cancer is a sigmoidoscopy, in which a slender, flexible, hollow, lighted tube (a sigmoidoscope) about the thickness of a finger is inserted through the rectum and into the lower part of the colon. Using the sigmoidoscope, your doctor can view the inside of the rectum and part of the colon to detect any abnormality. Because the sigmoidoscope is only 60 centimeters (around two feet) long, the doctor is able to see the entire rectum but less than half of the colon. Before the sigmoidoscopy, you will need to have a bowel preparation to clean out your lower colon. If an adenomatous polyp or colorectal cancer is found during the procedure, you will need to have a colonoscopy to look for polyps or cancer in the rest of the colon. This test may be uncomfortable, but it should not be painful. A more extensive test for colon cancer is a colonoscopy, which utilizes a colonoscope, a longer version of a sigmoidoscope. It is inserted through the rectum and allows your doctor to see the lining of your entire colon. The colonoscope is also connected to a video camera and display monitor so the doctor can see and closely examine the inside of the colon. Another test for colon cancer is a barium enema with air contrast. This procedure is also called a doublecontrast barium enema. Barium sulfate, a chalky substance, is used to partially fill and open up the colon. The barium sulfate is given through a small tube placed in your anus. When the colon is about half-full of barium, you will be turned on the x-ray table so the barium spreads throughout the colon. Then air will be pumped into your colon through the same tube to make it expand. This produces the best pictures of the lining of your colon. Full text: Colorectal cancer - cancer of the colon or rectum - is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The risk of developing colorectal cancer increases with age; more than 90 percent of cases occur in persons aged 50 years or older. Other risk factors include inflammatory bowel disease, a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or colorectal polyps and certain hereditary syndromes. Obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, smoking and heavy alcohol consumption may also contribute to an increased risk. Lifestyle choices such as participating in regular physical activity, eating a diet that is low in fats and high in fruits, vegetables and fiber help decrease your risk of developing colorectal cancer. Often called the "silent killer" because symptoms aren't evident until late in the course of the disease, the number of deaths from colorectal cancer can be reduced with early detection and treatment. In fact, patients have a 95 percent chance of survival if colorectal cancer is caught in its initial stage, compared to a five percent survival rate if the disease is detected in its final stage. Symptoms of colorectal 1 cancer may include a change in bowel habits, diarrhea or constipation, feeling that the bowel does not empty completely, vomiting, blood in the stool, abdominal discomfort (gas, bloating, cramps), weight loss for no known reason, constant tiredness, unexplained anemia. To help ensure early detection, doctors recommend a variety of screening options. The least invasive, but also the least conclusive test is the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), which is used to find occult (hidden) blood in feces. Blood vessels at the surface of colorectal polyps or adenomas or cancers are often fragile and easily damaged by the passage of feces. The damaged vessels usually release a small amount of blood into the feces. Only rarely is there enough bleeding to color the stool red. The FOBT detects blood through a chemical reaction. The traditional version of this test cannot tell whether blood is from the colon or from other portions of the digestive tract (i.e., the stomach). Therefore, if this test is 16 January 2014 Page 1 of 3 ProQuest

positive, a colonoscopy is needed to see if there is a cancer, polyp, or other cause of bleeding such as ulcers, hemorrhoids, diverticulosis (tiny pouches that form at weak spots in the colon wall), or inflammatory bowel disease (colitis). Even foods or drugs can affect the test, and your doctor will tell you what foods and medicines to avoid before the test. Another test for colorectal cancer is a sigmoidoscopy, in which a slender, flexible, hollow, lighted tube (a sigmoidoscope) about the thickness of a finger is inserted through the rectum and into the lower part of the colon. Using the sigmoidoscope, your doctor can view the inside of the rectum and part of the colon to detect any abnormality. Because the sigmoidoscope is only 60 centimeters (around two feet) long, the doctor is able to see the entire rectum but less than half of the colon. Before the sigmoidoscopy, you will need to have a bowel preparation to clean out your lower colon. If an adenomatous polyp or colorectal cancer is found during the procedure, you will need to have a colonoscopy to look for polyps or cancer in the rest of the colon. This test may be uncomfortable, but it should not be painful. A more extensive test for colon cancer is a colonoscopy, which utilizes a colonoscope, a longer version of a sigmoidoscope. It is inserted through the rectum and allows your doctor to see the lining of your entire colon. The colonoscope is also connected to a video camera and display monitor so the doctor can see and closely examine the inside of the colon. If a small polyp is found, your doctor may remove it. Polyps, even those that are not cancerous, can eventually become cancerous. For this reason, they are usually removed. This is done by passing a wire loop through the colonoscope to cut the polyp from the wall of the colon with an electrical current. The polyp can then be sent to a lab to be checked under a microscope to see if it has any areas that have changed into cancer. If your doctor sees a large polyp or tumor or any other abnormality, a biopsy will be done. In this procedure, a small piece of tissue is taken out through the colonoscope. Examination of the tissue can help determine if it is a cancer, a benign (non-cancerous) growth, or a result of inflammation. Another test for colon cancer is a barium enema with air contrast. This procedure is also called a doublecontrast barium enema. Barium sulfate, a chalky substance, is used to partially fill and open up the colon. The barium sulfate is given through a small tube placed in your anus. When the colon is about half-full of barium, you will be turned on the x-ray table so the barium spreads throughout the colon. Then air will be pumped into your colon through the same tube to make it expand. This produces the best pictures of the lining of your colon. Persons without symptoms or risk factors for colorectal cancer should begin regular screening for the disease at age 50. Since the cure rate is so high for colorectal cancer if the disease is caught early, no one should let embarrassment or fear stop them from being tested. Sidebar Top 10 colorectal cancer prevention tips 1. Go to a doctor if you have any colorectal cancer symptoms. 2. If you're 50 or older, schedule a colon cancer screening. 3. Eat a balanced diet. 4. Maintain a healthy weight. 5. Maintain an active lifestyle. 6. Consider genetic counseling. 7. Learn your family medical history. 8. Talk to a doctor about your personal medical history. 9. Don't smoke. 10. Reduce radiation exposure. AuthorAffiliation By Dr. Kristine Berry Dr. Berry practices family medicine at Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine Healthcare Center 16 January 2014 Page 2 of 3 ProQuest

Lancaster Avenue Division. Subject: Colorectal cancer; Risk factors; Medical tests; Colonoscopy; Colon; Ethnicity: African American, Caribbean, African Publication title: Philadelphia Tribune Volume: 5 Issue: 51 Pages: 5E,6E Number of pages: 2 Publication year: 2006 Publication date: Nov 5, 2006 Year: 2006 Publisher: Philadelphia Tribune Place of publication: Philadelphia, Pa. Country of publication: United States Publication subject: African American/Caribbean/African, Ethnic Interests ISSN: 0746956X Source type: Newspapers Language of publication: English Document type: Commentary ProQuest document ID: 337762929 Document URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/337762929?accountid=15859 Copyright: Copyright Philadelphia Tribune Nov 5, 2006 Last updated: 2010-06-20 Database: ProQuest Central

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