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SULIT Section A

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Answer all questions in this section 1. Table 1 shows four substances and their respective formula. Jadual 1 menunjukkan empat bahan dan formulanya Substance Bahan Chlorine klorin Copper Kuprum Acetamide Asetamida Copper (II) Chlorideorida Kuprum (II) Kl Chemical formula Formula kimia Cl2 Cu C2H5NO CuCl2 Table 1 Jadual 1 (a) Use the information from the table, Dengan menggunakan maklumat dalam jadual, (i) State one substance that exist as a molecule Nyatakan satu bahan yang wujud sebagai molekul ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark / 1 markah] Which substance has the highest melting point? Bahan yang manakah mempunyai takat lebur tertinggi? ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] What is the state of matter of Copper (II) Chloride at the room temperature? ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] State the substance that can conduct electricityin solid state. ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] Draw the arrangement of particlesfor the substances in 1(a)(iv)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

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[1 mark] Write the ionic formula for the substance in 1(a)(iv) ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] 2. Magnesium is metal element and it can be represented by the symbol . 2+ Magnesium forms Mg ions (a) What is the difference between magnesium atoms and magnesium ions? _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) Calculate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons of (i) A magnesium atom (vi)

(ii)

A magnesium ions [2 marks]

(c) Magnesium has three isotopes. (i) State the meaning of isotopes ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) Give two differences of magnesium isotopes ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [2 marks] (iii) Are isotopes different in terms of their chemical properties. Explain your answers ___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [3 marks] (d) Write the electron arrangement of (i) Magnesium atom:_____________________________________________ (ii) Magnesium ion: ______________________________________________ [2 marks] . 3. Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up for an experiment to determine the empirical formula for magnesium oxide.

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Result : Mass of crucible + lid = 28.3 g Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium ribbon = 30.7 g Mass of crucible + lid + magnesium oxide = 32.3 g (a) State the meaning of empirical formula. _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(b) Based on the result above, (i) Calculate the mass of magnesium and the mass of oxygen that have reacted.

[1 mark] (ii) Calculate the mole ratio of magnesium atoms to oxygen atoms [Relative atomic mass: O = 16, Mg = 24]

[1 mark] (iii) Determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] Write the chemical equation for the reaction in the experiment.
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(iv)

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4541/2 ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (c) During the experiment, the lid of crucible is opened once in a while. (i) Give one reason why this procedure is conducted. ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) Why cant we open up the lid throughout the experiment? ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (d) Razali wants to determine the empirical formulaof copper (II) oxide. (i) Can he use the same method to determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide? ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii) Give one reason for your answer in 3(d)(i) ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

4. Balance the following chemical equations. a. SO2 + O2 SO3 : ____________________________________ b. CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2: ____________________________________ c. H2SO4 + NaOH Na2SO4 + H2O ____________________________________ d. Mg(NO3)2 MgO + NO2 + O2
________________________________________________________

e. C2H5OH + O2 CO2 + H2O ____________________________________ marks]

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5. Table 1 shows three elements represented by the letters R, S, and T with their respective electron arrangement. Element Electron arrangement R 2.8.8 S 2.8.1 T 2.8.7 Table 1
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4541/2 (a) (i) Which element is probably an inert gas? _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (ii)Briefly explain why the inert gas is very stable? _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) State the type of chemical bond in molecule R. _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (c) Draw a diagram to show the electron arrangement for element R and S

Element R

Element S

[2 marks] (d) State one property of element S. _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] 6. Diagram 6 shows the standard representation for the atoms of two elements, magnesium and chlorine. Mg Cl

Diagram 6 (a) What is representes by the number 24 in Mg? __________________________________________________________________ [1 mark] (b) (i) Write the electron arrangement for an atom of: Magnesium : ______________________ Chlorine: _________________________ [2 marks] (ii)Compare the size of magnesium atom with the chlorine atom. _________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c) Complete Table 2 to show the position of chlorine in the Periodic Table

Element Mg Cl

Period 3 Table 2

Group 2

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(d) Magnesium reacts with chlorine to form a compound, magnesium chloride with

the formula, MgCl2. (i) Write the formulae of all ions in magnesium chloride. ___________________________________________________________ [1 marks] (ii) Explain how each of these ions is formed ___________________________________________________________ [2 marks] (iii) State one physical property of magnesium chloride. ___________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

Section B [20 marks] Answer any one question 7. (a) (i) State the meaning of matters [2 marks] (ii)How can a matter change from solid state to liquid state and reverse the process? [2 marks] (b) State three differences of physical properties of solids, liquids and gases. Briefly explain their differences. [6 marks]
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(c) Explain what happens to the particles when a solid changes to liquid and vice versa. [10 marks] 8. Chlorine is used in the textile industry to bleach cotton (a) Calculate (i) Mass of 5 dm3 of chlorine gas, Cl2 at STP [2 marks] (ii) Volume of 20 g chlorine gas, Cl2 at room condition. [2 marks] (b) Chlorine gas is soluble in water. In 60.0 g of water, calculate the number of (i) Moles of water [2 marks] (ii) Molecules of water [2 marks] (c) Excessive chlorine in cotton fabric is removed b soaking it in sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3. The reaction that occurs is as follows: Na2S2O3 (aq) + 4Cl2 (g) + 5H2O (l) 2NaHSO4 (aq) + 8HCl (aq) (i) How many moles is required to react with 0.5 mol of Cl2 ? [2 mark] (ii) How many moles of sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3is required to reacts with 0.5 mol of Cl2 ? [2 mark] (d) A dry cleaning liquid of textile contains 14.5 % carbon and 85.5% of chlorine. (i) Calculate the emprical formula of the compound [6 marks] (ii) Why is the compound in 3 (d) volatile [2 marks] [Relative atomic mass, RAM of H = 1, O=16, Cl = 35.5, 1 mol of gas occupies 22.4 dm3 at STP, 1 mol of gas occupies 24 dm3 at room condition. 1 mol of substance has 6.02 x 1023 particles.

Section C [20 marks]


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SULIT Answer any one question from this section

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9. (a) Isotopes are used for example in medicine, industry science and archeology. Choose two of the above examples. State an isotope and its purpose in each examples that you have choosen. [4 marks] (b) Figure below shows the electron arrangement of a molecule PQ2. These letters are not actual symbols for the elements

(i)

Based on the figure, write the electron arrangement for atoms of element P and Q. Explain the position of element Q in the Periodic Table of the elements [6 marks] (c) Table below shows the electron arrangement for atom W, X and Y. These letters are not actual symbols for the elements Element Electron arrangement W 2.4 X 2.8.7 Y 2.8.8.2 Using the information in table above,explain how two compounds can be formed from these elements based on their electron arrangements. The two compounds should have different bond types. [10 marks] 10. a)
Magnesium, aluminium, sulphur, chlorine

The above elements are found in Period 3 of the periodic table. (i) Explain the changes in the atomic radius and electronegativity of elements across Period 3 [6 marks] (ii) Write down the formula of an oxide of each of the above elements. Classify the oxides as basic, amphoteric or acidic oxides. [4 marks] (iii) Using only hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution, explain how to distinguish between the three types of oxides. [3 marks]
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4541/2 b) Transition elements have unique characteristics i. State three of these characteristics [3 marks] ii. Compare the reactivity, hardness, density, and melting points between transition metals and alkali metals. [4 marks]

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